Key information about US External Debt

• United States External Debt reached 25,798.1 USD bn in Sep 2024, compared with 26,895.8 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• US External Debt: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Jun 2003 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 26,895.8 USD bn in Jun 2024 and a record low of 6,570.2 USD bn in Jun 2003.

The US Department of Treasury provides External Debt in USD based on BPM6. External Debt prior to Q3 2014 is based on BPM5.


Related information about US External Debt

• In the latest reports of US, Current Account recorded a deficit of 310.9 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 96.6 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• US Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 96.8 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment increased by 637.6 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 6,632.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Debt statistics provide a detailed picture of debt stocks and flows of developing countries. Data presented as part of the Quarterly External Debt Statistics takes a closer look at the external debt of high-income countries and emerging markets to enable a more complete understanding of global financial flows. The Quarterly Public Sector Debt database provides further data on public sector valuation methods, debt instruments, and clearly defined tiers of debt for central, state and local government, as well as extra-budgetary agencies and funds. Data are gathered from national statistical organizations and central banks as well as by various major multilateral institutions and World Bank staff.

Focuses on financial flows, trends in external debt, and other major financial indicators for developing and advanced economies (data from Quarterly External Debt Statistics and Quarterly Public Sector Debt databases). Includes over 200 time series indicators from 1970 to 2014, for most reporting countries, and pipeline data for scheduled debt service payments on existing commitments to 2027.

Key information about India Government Debt: % of GDP

• India Government debt accounted for 58.3 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 58.3 % in the previous quarter.
• India government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2012 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 59.3 % in Sep 2023 and a record low of 44.6 % in Dec 2018.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance provides Government Debt in local currency. Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about India Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, India National Government Debt reached 2,144.6 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 873.7 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about Bangladesh External Debt

• Bangladesh External Debt reached 103.8 USD bn in Jun 2024, compared with 99.3 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• Bangladesh External Debt: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Sep 2011 to Jun 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 103.8 USD bn in Jun 2024 and a record low of 22.1 USD bn in Mar 2012.

The World Bank provides External Deb in USD.


Related information about Bangladesh External Debt

• In the latest reports of Bangladesh, Current Account recorded a deficit of 522.2 USD mn in Jun 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 949.0 USD mn in Jun 2024.
• Bangladesh Direct Investment Abroad remained the same 0.0 USD mn in Jun 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment fell by 85.9 USD mn in Jun 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 460.2 USD bn in Jun 2022.

The Emerging Markets Bond Index (EMBI), commonly known as "riesgo país" in Spanish speaking countries, is a weighted financial benchmark that measures the interest rates paid each day by a selected portfolio of government bonds from emerging countries. It is measured in base points, which reflect the difference between the return rates paid by emerging countries' government bonds and those offered by U.S. Treasury bills. This difference is defined as "spread". Which Latin American country has the highest risk bonds? As of September 19, 2024, Venezuela was the Latin American country with the greatest financial risk and highest expected returns of government bonds, with an EMBI spread of around 254 percent. This means that the annual interest rates paid by Venezuela's sovereign debt titles were estimated to be exponentially higher than those offered by the U.S. Treasury. On the other hand, Brazil's EMBI reached 207 index points at the end of August 2023. In 2023, Venezuela also had the highest average EMBI in Latin America, exceeding 40,000 base points. The impact of COVID-19 on emerging market bonds The economic crisis spawned by the coronavirus pandemic heavily affected the financial market's estimated risks of emerging governmental bonds. For instance, as of June 30, 2020, Argentina's EMBI spread had increased more than four percentage points in comparison to January 30, 2020. All the Latin American economies measured saw a significant increase of the EMBI spread in the first half of the year.

Key information about Japan Government Debt: % of GDP

• Japan Government debt accounted for 216.2 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Dec 2024, compared with the ratio of 217.2 % in the previous quarter.
• Japan government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Dec 1994 to Dec 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 225.8 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 55.9 % in Dec 1994.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from monthly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Bank of Japan provides Government Debt in local currency. The Economic and Social Research Institute provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about Japan Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Japan National Government Debt reached 9,396.6 USD bn in Apr 2023.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 1,080.1 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Debt statistics provide a detailed picture of debt stocks and flows of developing countries. Data presented as part of the Quarterly External Debt Statistics takes a closer look at the external debt of high-income countries and emerging markets to enable a more complete understanding of global financial flows. The Quarterly Public Sector Debt database provides further data on public sector valuation methods, debt instruments, and clearly defined tiers of debt for central, state and local government, as well as extra-budgetary agencies and funds. Data are gathered from national statistical organizations and central banks as well as by various major multilateral institutions and World Bank staff.

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Debt statistics provide a detailed picture of debt stocks and flows of developing countries. Data presented as part of the Quarterly External Debt Statistics takes a closer look at the external debt of high-income countries and emerging markets to enable a more complete understanding of global financial flows. The Quarterly Public Sector Debt database provides further data on public sector valuation methods, debt instruments, and clearly defined tiers of debt for central, state and local government, as well as extra-budgetary agencies and funds. Data are gathered from national statistical organizations and central banks as well as by various major multilateral institutions and World Bank staff.

Key information about United Kingdom Government Debt: % of GDP

• United Kingdom Government debt accounted for 101.1 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 100.9 % in the previous quarter.
• UK government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1966 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 107.5 % in Mar 2021 and a record low of 28.3 % in Dec 1990.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Office of National Statistics provides Government Debt in local currency. The Office for National Statistics provides Nominal GDP in local currency.


Related information about United Kingdom Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, UK National Government Debt reached 3,810.9 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 786.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.

This statistic shows the national debt of Brazil from 2019 to 2023 in relation to the gross domestic product (GDP), with projections up until 2029. The figures refer to the whole country and include the debts of the state, the communities, the municipalities and the social insurances. In 2023, the national debt of Brazil amounted to approximately 84.68 percent of the GDP.

Brazil's economy

Brazil has one of the largest economies in the world by gross domestic product ) and Purchasing Power Parity. In 2014, the Brazil's gross domestic product amounted to around 2.24 trillion U.S. dollars. However, it is estimated that by 2030, Brazil will have the fourth highest gross domestic product in the world.

In 2014, the United States reported the largest gross domestic product worldwide. However, the estimated national debt of the United States in 2014 was over 105 percent of the gross domestic product, while the estimated national debt of Brazil was approximately 66 percent the same year. Even though the national debt of Brazil has slightly decreased over the last decade, it still remains relatively high. A country's national debt refers to the whole country and includes the debts of the state, the communities, the municipalities and the social insurances. In Brazil, the high national debt is also due to country's trade deficit. In 2013, Brazil’s trade deficit amounted to an estimated 3.3 percent of the GDP, adding up to approximately 8.3 billion U.S. dollars in total.

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Debt statistics provide a detailed picture of debt stocks and flows of developing countries. Data presented as part of the Quarterly External Debt Statistics takes a closer look at the external debt of high-income countries and emerging markets to enable a more complete understanding of global financial flows. The Quarterly Public Sector Debt database provides further data on public sector valuation methods, debt instruments, and clearly defined tiers of debt for central, state and local government, as well as extra-budgetary agencies and funds. Data are gathered from national statistical organizations and central banks as well as by various major multilateral institutions and World Bank staff.

Brazil Federal Public Debt: Domestic: Maturities: Other: Over 5 years data was reported at 0.000 BRL bn in Apr 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 BRL bn for Mar 2019. Brazil Federal Public Debt: Domestic: Maturities: Other: Over 5 years data is updated monthly, averaging 0.000 BRL bn from Dec 1999 (Median) to Apr 2019, with 233 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.107 BRL bn in Dec 1999 and a record low of 0.000 BRL bn in Apr 2019. Brazil Federal Public Debt: Domestic: Maturities: Other: Over 5 years data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Treasury Secretariat. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table BR.FC011: Federal Public Debt: Held by the Public: Domestic: by Maturities: Indexing Factor. This data is part of the Monthly Report of Federal Public Debt from National Treasury. Displays information about emissions, redemptions, stock, maturity profile and average cost to the Federal Public Debt, including both the internal and external debts, responsibility of the National Treasury market.

Brazil Federal Debt Held by Public: Indexed: Selic Rate data was reported at 2,892.802 BRL bn in Jan 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,754.676 BRL bn for Dec 2024. Brazil Federal Debt Held by Public: Indexed: Selic Rate data is updated monthly, averaging 499.275 BRL bn from Dec 1999 (Median) to Jan 2025, with 302 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,892.802 BRL bn in Jan 2025 and a record low of 99.064 BRL bn in Mar 2015. Brazil Federal Debt Held by Public: Indexed: Selic Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.FB036: Federal Securities Issued: by Indexing Factor. Sistema Especial de Liquidação e Custodia (SELIC)

The post-COVID-19 era presents a looming threat of global debt, elevating concerns regarding sovereign credit ratings worldwide. This study develops a new index system, divides the rating variables into long- and short-term factors, performs rating fitting and prediction, and investigates the fairness of China and relevant countries. Our findings reveal that sovereign credit ratings have a deterrent effect on the global financial market due to the ceiling effect and quasi-public goods characteristics. A high and stable credit rating demands long-term enhancements in economic fundamentals, budget balances, external surpluses, and overall solvency. Concurrently, effective short-term debt management strategies, including reduction, repayment, and swaps, are essential. Moreover, we introduce the concept of a "rating gap" to assess rating fairness, revealing both undervaluation and overvaluation among countries. Notably, China’s sovereign rating was underestimated between 2009 and 2011 and overestimated between 2013 and 2016. These findings underscore the criticality of government vigilance in monitoring sovereign debt and credit ratings to navigate potential post-COVID-19 sovereign debt crises.

Key information about South Korea Government Debt: % of GDP

• South Korea Government debt accounted for 45.7 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 46.1 % in the previous quarter.
• South Korea government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Sep 2002 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 46.4 % in Sep 2023 and a record low of 15.3 % in Mar 2003.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Ministry of Finance and Economy provides Government Debt in local currency. The Bank of Korea provides Nominal GDP in local currency. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about South Korea Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, South Korea National Government Debt reached 873.5 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 429.2 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Key information about Egypt External Debt

• Egypt External Debt reached 155.2 USD bn in Sep 2024, compared with 152.9 USD bn in the previous quarter.
• Egypt External Debt: USD mn data is updated quarterly, available from Jun 1997 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 168.0 USD bn in Dec 2023 and a record low of 26.1 USD bn in Mar 2001.

Related information about Egypt External Debt

• In the latest reports of Egypt, Current Account recorded a deficit of 5.9 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 22.4 USD bn in Jun 2024.
• Egypt Direct Investment Abroad expanded by 120.0 USD mn in Jun 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment fell by 104.5 USD mn in Jun 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 109.0 USD bn in Dec 2022.

Key information about Ukraine External Debt: % of GDP

• Ukraine External Debt accounted for 90.4 % of the country's Nominal GDP in 2023, compared with the ratio of 80.8 % in the previous year.
• Ukraine External Debt: % of Nominal GDP data is updated yearly, available from Dec 1993 to Dec 2023.
• The data reached an all-time high of 129.3 % in Dec 2015 and a record low of 11.8 % in Dec 1993.

CEIC calculates External Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly External Debt and annual Nominal GDP. The National Bank of Ukraine provides External Debt in USD based on BPM6. The State Statistics Service of Ukraine provides Nominal GDP in local currency based on SNA 2008. The National Bank of Ukraine average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. External Debt as % of Nominal GDP prior to 2004 is calculated from External Debt based on BPM5 and Nominal GDP based on SNA 1993. External Debt prior to 2003 is sourced from the World Bank.


Related information about Ukraine External Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports of Ukraine, Current Account recorded a deficit of 1.6 USD bn in May 2024.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increased by 102.0 USD mn in May 2024.
• Ukraine Direct Investment Abroad fell by 4.0 USD mn in May 2024.
• Its Foreign Portfolio Investment fell by 142.0 USD mn in Mar 2024.
• The country's External Debt reached 167,831.0 in Mar 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP was reported at 44.4 USD bn in Dec 2022.

Key information about Chile Government Debt: % of GDP

• Chile Government debt accounted for 44.0 % of the country's Nominal GDP in Sep 2024, compared with the ratio of 40.9 % in the previous quarter.
• Chile government debt to GDP ratio data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2002 to Sep 2024.
• The data reached an all-time high of 44.0 % in Sep 2024 and a record low of 3.3 % in Jun 2008.

CEIC calculates quarterly Government Debt as % of Nominal GDP from quarterly Government Debt and rolling sum of quarterly Nominal GDP. The Chilean Budget Estimation Directory provides Government Debt in USD. The Central Bank of Chile provides Nominal GDP in local currency. The Central Bank of Chile average market exchange rate is used for currency conversions. Government Debt covers Central Government only.


Related information about Chile Government Debt: % of GDP

• In the latest reports, Chile National Government Debt reached 141.5 USD bn in Sep 2024.
• The country's Nominal GDP reached 86.4 USD bn in Mar 2023.

Contains data from the World Bank's data portal. There is also a consolidated country dataset on HDX.

Debt statistics provide a detailed picture of debt stocks and flows of developing countries. Data presented as part of the Quarterly External Debt Statistics takes a closer look at the external debt of high-income countries and emerging markets to enable a more complete understanding of global financial flows. The Quarterly Public Sector Debt database provides further data on public sector valuation methods, debt instruments, and clearly defined tiers of debt for central, state and local government, as well as extra-budgetary agencies and funds. Data are gathered from national statistical organizations and central banks as well as by various major multilateral institutions and World Bank staff.