In the third quarter of 2025, Bermuda had the highest household electricity prices worldwide, followed by Ireland, Italy, and Germany. At the time, Irish households were charged around 0.44 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour, while in Italy, the price stood at 0.42 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour. By comparison, in Russia, residents paid almost 10 times less. What is behind electricity prices? Electricity prices vary widely across the world and sometimes even within a country itself, depending on factors like infrastructure, geography, and politically determined taxes and levies. For example, in Denmark, Belgium, and Sweden, taxes constitute a significant portion of residential end-user electricity prices. Reliance on fossil fuel imports Meanwhile, thanks to their great crude oil and natural gas production output, countries like Iran, Qatar, and Russia enjoy some of the cheapest electricity prices in the world. Here, the average household pays less than 0.1 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour. In contrast, countries heavily reliant on fossil fuel imports for electricity generation are more vulnerable to market price fluctuations.

Graph and download economic data for Global price of Energy index (PNRGINDEXM) from Jan 1992 to Jun 2025 about energy, World, indexes, and price.

Household electricity prices vary significantly around the world. In March 2025, the price of electricity was below 0.1 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour in countries which rely on nationally produced fossil fuels for electricity generation, while it exceeded 0.4 U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour where the power sector is dependent on energy imports.

In September 2024, industrial electricity prices in the European countries of Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom were among the highest in the world, at around **** U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour. Singapore was the Asian country with the highest electricity bill worldwide at that time. Lowest electricity prices in the world The average retail electricity price in the United States was considerably lower than in most of Europe. Iceland was the European country with one of the lowest electricity bills for enterprises that month. At the bottom of the ranking were also Russia, Iraq, Qatar, Argentina, and Libya. In these countries, commercial electricity prices amounted to less than *** U.S. dollars per kilowatt-hour. Household electricity prices In addition, European countries had the highest household electricity prices worldwide that month, with Italy at the top of the ranking. By comparison, Iran and Ethiopia had the lowest residential electricity prices in the world.

This dataset provides values for ELECTRICITY PRICE reported in several countries. The data includes current values, previous releases, historical highs and record lows, release frequency, reported unit and currency.

This dataset presents a unified, cross-continental time-series day-ahead electricity prices compiled from major wholesale markets across Asia, Europe, North America, South America, and Oceania. The dataset offers a standardized format that supports time-series forecasting and enables robust comparative analysis across diverse global electricity markets.

The global energy price index stood at around 101.5 in 2024. Energy prices were on a decreasing trend that year, and forecasts suggest the price index would decrease below 80 by 2026. Price indices show the development of prices for goods or services over time relative to a base year. Commodity prices may be dependent on various factors, from supply and demand to overall economic growth. Electricity prices around the world As with overall fuel prices, electricity costs for end users are dependent on power infrastructure, technology type, domestic production, and governmental levies and taxes. Generally, electricity prices are lower in countries with great coal and gas resources, as those have historically been the main sources for electricity generation. This is one of the reasons why electricity prices are lowest in resource-rich countries such as Iran, Qatar, and Russia. Meanwhile, many European governments that have introduced renewable surcharges to support the deployment of solar and wind power and are at the same time dependent on fossil fuel imports, have the highest household electricity prices. Benchmark oil prices One of the commodities found within the energy market is oil. Oil is the main raw material for all common motor fuels, from gasoline to kerosene. In resource-poor and remote regions such as the United States' states of Alaska and Hawaii, or the European country of Cyprus, it is also one of the largest sources for electricity generation. Benchmark oil prices such as Europe’s Brent, the U.S.' WTI, or the OPEC basket are often used as indicators for the overall energy price development.

Dataset Description Title: Electricity Market Dataset for Long-Term Forecasting (2018–2024)

Overview: This dataset provides a comprehensive collection of electricity market data, focusing on long-term forecasting and strategic planning in the energy sector. The data is derived from real-world electricity market records and policy reports from Germany, specifically the Frankfurt region, a major European energy hub. It includes hourly observations spanning from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2024, covering key economic, environmental, and operational factors that influence electricity market dynamics. This dataset is ideal for predictive modeling tasks such as electricity price forecasting, renewable energy integration planning, and market risk assessment.

Features Description Feature Name Description Type Timestamp The timestamp for each hourly observation. Datetime Historical_Electricity_Prices Hourly historical electricity prices in the Frankfurt market. Continuous (Float) Projected_Electricity_Prices Forecasted electricity prices (short, medium, long term). Continuous (Float) Inflation_Rates Hourly inflation rate trends impacting energy markets. Continuous (Float) GDP_Growth_Rate Hourly GDP growth rate trends for Germany. Continuous (Float) Energy_Market_Demand Hourly electricity demand across all sectors. Continuous (Float) Renewable_Investment_Costs Investment costs (capital and operational) for renewable energy projects. Continuous (Float) Fossil_Fuel_Costs Costs for fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas. Continuous (Float) Electricity_Export_Prices Prices for electricity exports from Germany to neighboring regions. Continuous (Float) Market_Elasticity Sensitivity of electricity demand to price changes. Continuous (Float) Energy_Production_By_Solar Hourly solar energy production. Continuous (Float) Energy_Production_By_Wind Hourly wind energy production. Continuous (Float) Energy_Production_By_Coal Hourly coal-based energy production. Continuous (Float) Energy_Storage_Capacity Available storage capacity (e.g., batteries, pumped hydro). Continuous (Float) GHG_Emissions Hourly greenhouse gas emissions from energy production. Continuous (Float) Renewable_Penetration_Rate Percentage of renewable energy in total energy production. Continuous (Float) Regulatory_Policies Categorical representation of regulatory impact on electricity markets (e.g., Low, Medium, High). Categorical Energy_Access_Data Categorization of energy accessibility (Urban or Rural). Categorical LCOE Levelized Cost of Energy by source. Continuous (Float) ROI Return on investment for energy projects. Continuous (Float) Net_Present_Value Net present value of proposed energy projects. Continuous (Float) Population_Growth Population growth rate trends impacting energy demand. Continuous (Float) Optimal_Energy_Mix Suggested optimal mix of renewable, non-renewable, and nuclear energy. Continuous (Float) Electricity_Price_Forecast Predicted electricity prices based on various factors. Continuous (Float) Project_Risk_Analysis Categorical analysis of project risks (Low, Medium, High). Categorical Investment_Feasibility Indicator of the feasibility of energy investments. Continuous (Float) Use Cases Electricity Price Forecasting: Utilize historical and projected price trends to predict future electricity prices. Project Risk Classification: Categorize projects into risk levels for better decision-making. Optimal Energy Mix Analysis: Analyze the balance between renewable, non-renewable, and nuclear energy sources. Policy Impact Assessment: Study the effect of regulatory and market policies on energy planning. Long-Term Strategic Planning: Provide insights into investment feasibility, GHG emission reduction, and energy market dynamics. Acknowledgment This dataset is based on publicly available records and market data specific to the Frankfurt region, Germany. The dataset is designed for research and educational purposes in energy informatics, computational intelligence, and long-term forecasting.

As of November 2025, Denmark had the highest average day-ahead electricity price among Nordic countries, amounting to ***** euros per megawatt-hour. Over the past few years, electricity prices soared in the Nordic region, the result of a global energy crisis that affected fossil fuels and electricity prices. Price variations across Nordic countries While Denmark had the highest electricity prices in October 2025, other Nordic countries see varying rates. Norway, for instance, recorded the lowest day-ahead weekly price at just **** euros per megawatt-hour that same month. This stark contrast underscores the regional differences in electricity production and consumption patterns across the Nordic countries. Electricity traded outside of the NordPool market is not reflected in these prices. Factors influencing Nordic electricity prices The disparity in electricity prices across Nordic countries can be attributed to various factors, including reliance on different energy sources. Iceland, for example, benefits from its fully clean electricity sector, resulting in some of the lowest household electricity prices in the region. In contrast, countries like Denmark and Finland face higher prices due to their partial dependence on fossil fuels. For non-residential consumers, prices also vary significantly, with Iceland offering the lowest rates at ***** euro cents per kilowatt-hour and Denmark the highest at ******euro cents per kilowatt-hour for annual consumption below ***** megawatt-hours in the first half of 2025. Despite having the highest industrial electricity prices among Nordic countries, Denmark's rates remain competitive compared to other European countries like Italy or Germany.

United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Price: Retail: Residential Sector data was reported at 13.027 0.01 USD/kWh in Dec 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 13.488 0.01 USD/kWh for Nov 2019. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Price: Retail: Residential Sector data is updated monthly, averaging 13.050 0.01 USD/kWh from Mar 2016 (Median) to Dec 2019, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 13.716 0.01 USD/kWh in Sep 2019 and a record low of 12.002 0.01 USD/kWh in Jan 2017. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Price: Retail: Residential Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s USA – Table US.P003: Energy Price: Forecast: Energy Information Administration.

Germany Electricity decreased 17.60 EUR/MWh or 15.21% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Germany Electricity Price.

The average wholesale electricity price in September 2025 in the United Kingdom is forecast to amount to*******British pounds per megawatt-hour, a decrease from the previous month. A record high was reached in August 2022 when day-ahead baseload contracts averaged ***** British pounds per megawatt-hour. Electricity price stabilization in Europe Electricity prices increased in 2024 compared to the previous year, when prices stabilized after the energy supply shortage. Price spikes were driven by the growing wholesale prices of natural gas and coal worldwide, which are among the main sources of power in the region.

… and in the United Kingdom? The United Kingdom was one of the countries with the highest electricity prices worldwide during the energy crisis. Since then, prices have been stabilizing, almost to pre-energy crisis levels. The use of nuclear, wind, and bioenergy for electricity generation has been increasing recently. The fuel types are an alternative to fossil fuels and are part of the country's power generation plans going into the future.

Japan JP: Residential Electricity Price: USD per kWh data was reported at 0.330 USD/kWh in 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.260 USD/kWh for 2021. Japan JP: Residential Electricity Price: USD per kWh data is updated yearly, averaging 0.220 USD/kWh from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2022, with 33 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.330 USD/kWh in 2022 and a record low of 0.190 USD/kWh in 2002. Japan JP: Residential Electricity Price: USD per kWh data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.OECD.GGI: Environmental: Environmental Policy, Taxes and Transfers: OECD Member: Annual.

In 2024, Germany recorded the highest residential electricity price for users within Europe, at 44.11 euro cents per kilowatt-hour. This was followed by Ireland, at 36.11 euro cents per kilowatt-hour. Italy, Cyprus, Belgium, Denmark and Czechia were also among the countries with the highest electricity costs.

France Electricity decreased 21.25 EUR/MWh or 30.42% since the beginning of 2025, according to the latest spot benchmarks offered by sellers to buyers priced in megawatt hour (MWh). This dataset includes a chart with historical data for France Electricity Price.

The European energy market is one of the most complex and dynamic in the world, undergoing a rapid transition towards renewable energy sources. This dataset offers a granular, hourly look into the heart of this system, providing a unique opportunity to analyze market dynamics, the impact of renewables, and price volatility across a wide range of European countries.

The data covers the period from January 1, 2024, to June 30, 2025. It uniquely combines two critical pieces of information for each hour:

1. Day-Ahead Price: The market clearing price for electricity to be delivered the following day (€/MWh).
2. Generation Mix: The actual amount of electricity generated from various sources like solar, wind, nuclear, and fossil fuels (in MW).

This combination allows for deep analysis, moving beyond simple price forecasting to understanding the fundamental drivers of energy markets.

Table comparing electricity prices per kWh and their annual changes in France, Germany, Spain, and Italy, highlighting the variations across European countries. Source: Eurostat.

United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Price: Retail: Commercial Sector data was reported at 10.525 0.01 USD/kWh in Dec 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 10.693 0.01 USD/kWh for Nov 2019. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Price: Retail: Commercial Sector data is updated monthly, averaging 10.623 0.01 USD/kWh from Mar 2016 (Median) to Dec 2019, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 11.168 0.01 USD/kWh in Sep 2019 and a record low of 9.844 0.01 USD/kWh in Jan 2017. United States EIA Forecast: Electricity Price: Retail: Commercial Sector data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Energy Information Administration. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.P003: Energy Price: Forecast: Energy Information Administration.