Graph and download economic data for Net Worth Held by the Top 0.1% (99.9th to 100th Wealth Percentiles) (WFRBLTP1246) from Q3 1989 to Q3 2025 about net worth, wealth, percentile, Net, and USA.

In 2024, roughly 1.55 billion adults worldwide had a net worth of less than 10,000 U.S. dollars. By comparison, 60 million adults had a net worth of more than one million U.S. dollars in the same year. Wealth distribution The distribution of wealth is an indicator of economic inequality. The United Nations says that wealth includes the sum of natural, human, and physical assets. Wealth is not synonymous with income, however, because having a large income can be depleted if one has significant expenses. In 2024, nearly 1,770 billionaires had a total wealth between one and two billion U.S. dollars. Wealth worldwide The United States had the highest number of billionaires in 2025, followed by China. That same year, New York had the most billionaires worldwide.

Graph and download economic data for Minimum Wealth Cutoff for the Top 0.1% (99.9th to 100th Wealth Percentiles) (WFRBLTP1311) from Q3 1989 to Q3 2022 about wealth, percentile, and USA.

Between December 2019 and 2021, the top one percent of earners accumulated 63 percent of all new wealth worldwide. This is more than six times more wealth than accumulated by the bottom 90 percent over the same time period.

Global wealth distribution Newly generated wealth landing in the hands of the few is not a new story and has been the focus of international development policy for many years. Looking at a regional level, Latin America was the region with the starkest distribution of wealth. In this region, 77 percent of the wealth was held by the richest 10 percent in 2021, and only 0.5 percent held by the poorest 50 percent. At an individual level, around 2.82 billion adults worldwide had a net worth of less than 10,000 U.S. dollars in 2021.

Billionaires In 2021, the highest concentration of billionaires could be found in North America. However, China had the largest number of billionaires in its population in 2022, with most living in Beijing. Looking at wealth distribution amongst billionaires themselves, 20 people had fortunes of 50 billion U.S. dollars or more, but the majority of billionaires had a personal fortune between two and five billion U.S. dollars.

In December 2022, Elon Musk slipped from the top spot of richest people on Earth. The number one spot was taken by French magnate, Bernard Arnault of Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton.

The massive wealth inequality in the world is underpinned by this chart: while *** percent of the world's population had fortunes of more than one million U.S. dollars in 2025, over ** percent of the global population had a total wealth of less than 10,000 U.S. dollars.

Graph and download economic data for Net Worth Held by the Bottom 50% (1st to 50th Wealth Percentiles) (WFRBLB50107) from Q3 1989 to Q3 2025 about net worth, wealth, percentile, Net, and USA.

Over ** million individuals residing in the United States belonged to the global top one percent of ultra-high net worth individuals worldwide in 2022. China ranked second, with over **** million top one percent wealth holders globally. France followed in third.

In 2024, Central Asia was the region with the lowest level of distribution of wealth worldwide, with the richest ten percent holding around ** percent of the total wealth. On the other hand, in Europe, the richest ten percent held around ** percent of the wealth. East and South Asia were the regions where the poorest half of the population held the highest share of the wealth, but still only around **** percent, underlining the high levels of wealth inequalities worldwide.

Survey years The Poverty and Inequality Platform: Percentiles database reports 100 points ranked according to the consumption or income distributions for country-year survey data available in the World Bank’s Poverty and Inequality Platform (PIP). There are, as of September 30, 2025, a total of 2,556 country-survey-year data points, which include 2,375 distributions based on microdata, binned data, or imputed/synthetic data, and 181 based on grouped data. For the grouped data, the percentiles are derived by fitting a parametric Lorenz distribution following Datt (1998). For ease of communication, all distributions are referred to as survey data henceforth, and the welfare variable is referred to as income. Details Each distribution reports 100 points per country per survey year ranked from the smallest (percentile 1) to the largest (percentile 100) income or consumption. For each income percentile, the database reports the following variables: the average daily per person income or consumption (avg_welfare); the income or consumption value for the upper threshold of the percentile (quantile); the share of the population in the percentile (which might deviate slightly from 1% due to coarseness in the raw data) (pop_share); and the share of income or consumption held by each percentile (welfare_share). In addition, the database reports the welfare measure (welfare_type) used in the survey data—income or consumption—and the region covered (reporting_level)—urban, rural, or national. The distributions are available in 2017 or 2021 PPP$. Stata code example Below is an example of how to use the database to generate an anonymous growth incidence curve for Bangladesh between 2005 and 2010 keep if country_code=="BGD" & reporting_level==1 & /// inlist(year,2005,2010) bys country_code percentile (year): /// gen growth05_10 = (avg_welfare/avg_welfare[_n-1] - 1) * 100 twoway connected growth05_10 percentile, ytitle("%") /// title("Cumulative growth in Bangladesh, 2005-2010") Metadata Some metadata of the data set, such as the version of the data, can be found by typing char dir in the Stata console. Alternatively, please refer to this portal, which contains all the information available. PIP version date: 20250930 (updated October 1, 2025) Lineup years Not currently available

In the first quarter of 2025, almost ********** of the total wealth in the United States was owned by the top 10 percent of earners. In comparison, the lowest ** percent of earners only owned *** percent of the total wealth. Income inequality in the U.S. Despite the idea that the United States is a country where hard work and pulling yourself up by your bootstraps will inevitably lead to success, this is often not the case. In 2024, *** percent of U.S. households had an annual income under 15,000 U.S. dollars. With such a small percentage of people in the United States owning such a vast majority of the country’s wealth, the gap between the rich and poor in America remains stark. The top one percent The United States was the country with the most billionaires in the world in 2025. Elon Musk, with a net worth of *** billion U.S. dollars, was among the richest people in the United States in 2025. Over the past 50 years, the CEO-to-worker compensation ratio has exploded, causing the gap between rich and poor to grow, with some economists theorizing that this gap is the largest it has been since right before the Great Depression.

Australia Household: Net Worth data was reported at 18,848.100 AUD bn in Dec 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 18,394.400 AUD bn for Sep 2025. Australia Household: Net Worth data is updated quarterly, averaging 5,498.800 AUD bn from Sep 1988 (Median) to Dec 2025, with 150 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18,848.100 AUD bn in Dec 2025 and a record low of 1,204.100 AUD bn in Sep 1988. Australia Household: Net Worth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Australian Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Australia – Table AU.AB: SNA08: SESCA08: Balance Sheet: Households.

Singapore Monthly Hsehold Income fr Work Per Hsehold Member at 20th Percentile data was reported at 1,311.000 SGD in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,280.000 SGD for 2016. Singapore Monthly Hsehold Income fr Work Per Hsehold Member at 20th Percentile data is updated yearly, averaging 828.000 SGD from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2017, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,311.000 SGD in 2017 and a record low of 628.000 SGD in 2000. Singapore Monthly Hsehold Income fr Work Per Hsehold Member at 20th Percentile data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Department of Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Singapore – Table SG.H051: Household Income from Work: Resident Employed Households.

As of March 2025, Alice Walton was ranked the richest woman with over 97 billion U.S. dollars in net worth. By comparison, the richest man in the world had a fortune of over 328 billion dollars as of March 2025. The philanthropy of MacKenzie Scott MacKenzie Scott has become well known in the world of philanthropy for providing billions to thousands of non-profit organizations. Globally, the United States has the most philanthropic outflows out of any nation, reaching nearly 49 billion U.S. dollars in 2020. By comparison, the country with the second highest philanthropic outflows, the United Kingdom, reached nearly 5.9 billion U.S. dollars in 2020. Across the United States, basic needs, religious and spiritual causes, and healthcare are the sectors affluent individuals have given the most. Wealth in the United States Out of each country, the United States has the most people within the top one percent of ultra-high-net-worth individuals globally, with 21 million residents belonging to this group. By comparison, China ranked second with over five million belonging to the top one percent of ultra-high net worth individuals. Regionally, North America has the most billionaires, reaching over 1,100 followed by Europe and Asia.

United States US: Income Share Held by Lowest 20% data was reported at 5.000 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5.100 % for 2013. United States US: Income Share Held by Lowest 20% data is updated yearly, averaging 5.300 % from Dec 1979 (Median) to 2016, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 6.400 % in 1979 and a record low of 5.000 % in 2016. United States US: Income Share Held by Lowest 20% data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Poverty. Percentage share of income or consumption is the share that accrues to subgroups of population indicated by deciles or quintiles. Percentage shares by quintile may not sum to 100 because of rounding.; ; World Bank, Development Research Group. Data are based on primary household survey data obtained from government statistical agencies and World Bank country departments. Data for high-income economies are from the Luxembourg Income Study database. For more information and methodology, please see PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).; ; The World Bank’s internationally comparable poverty monitoring database now draws on income or detailed consumption data from more than one thousand six hundred household surveys across 164 countries in six regions and 25 other high income countries (industrialized economies). While income distribution data are published for all countries with data available, poverty data are published for low- and middle-income countries and countries eligible to receive loans from the World Bank (such as Chile) and recently graduated countries (such as Estonia) only. See PovcalNet (http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/WhatIsNew.aspx) for definitions of geographical regions and industrialized countries.

China % of Household grouped by Annual Income: Urban:RMB65000-70000 data was reported at 4.920 % in 2011. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.420 % for 2010. China % of Household grouped by Annual Income: Urban:RMB65000-70000 data is updated yearly, averaging 3.480 % from Dec 2005 (Median) to 2011, with 7 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.920 % in 2011 and a record low of 1.500 % in 2005. China % of Household grouped by Annual Income: Urban:RMB65000-70000 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Bureau of Statistics. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Household Survey – Table CN.HD: Household Income Distribution: Urban.

This chart shows the 2-year impact factor of Journal of International Money and Finance over time and its percentile among journals.

This chart shows the 2-year impact factor of Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money over time and its percentile among journals.

This data is part of a research project on the impact of consumption taxes on inequality by Julien Blasco, Elvire Guillaud and Michaël Zemmour.

Our project is currently published in the LIS Working Paper Series. You may cite it as:

Blasco J., Guillaud E., Zemmour M. (2020) “Consumption Taxes and Income Inequality: An International Perspective with Microsimulation”, LIS Working Paper Series, No. 785.

You are free to use the datasets we provide here, but please cite them as:

Blasco J., Guillaud E., Zemmour M., Data on the Impact of Consumption Taxes on Income Inequality, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4291984, October 2020.

For detailed information on the method used, please refer to Blasco, Guillaud and Zemmour (2020). In particular, the appendices describe the imputation models used for consumption. All the coefficients are given, which allows for a replication of this imputation method in other datasets.

The code used is available at https://github.com/JulienBlasco/consumption-taxes.

Our data is base on surveys on income and consumption, harmonized by the Luxembourg Income Study. We used OECD Statistics for National Accounts data on income, consumption and consumption tax revenue.

Description of the data

The data is constituted of five tables.

Two datasets are aggregated indicators at the country-year level, such as Gini coefficients for different concepts of income, global consumption tax-to-income ratios, anti-redistributive effect of consumption taxes:

For the core model (82 country-years): ConsumptionTaxes_indicators_coremodel.dta

For the lighter model (126 country-years): ConsumptionTaxes_indicators_xtnddmodel

Two datasets are variables broken down by percentiles of disposable income, within each country-year. Please note that these data are mainly for graphing purposes, not detailed analysis at the percentile level:

Core model (82 country-years): ConsumptionTaxes_percentiles_coremodel

Lighter model (126 country-years): ConsumptionTaxes_percentiles_xtnddmodel

One dataset that contains the implicit effective tax rates on consumption, computed with National Accounts data: 18-07-27 OECD_itrcs.dta

This chart shows the 3-year impact factor of Journal of International Money and Finance over time and its percentile among journals.

This chart shows the 5-year impact factor of Journal of International Money and Finance over time and its percentile among journals.