In 2022/23, the government of the United Kingdom spent approximately ** billion British pounds on the energy price guarantee policy, the most out of any other support policy announced to combat the Cost of Living crisis.

Prices in US dollars per barrel of WCS oil and in Canadian dollars per gigajoule of natural gas.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) datasets published by the Energy Statistics Division (ESD) contain annual, quarterly and monthly time series data from 1960 onwards on energy production, trade, stocks, transformation, consumption, prices and taxes as well as on greenhouse gas emissions for the OECD Member countries and non-OECD countries world-wide.

In OECD Member countries the data is collected by official bodies (most often the national statistics office in each country) from firms, government agencies and industry organisations and are then reported to the IEA using questionnaires to ensure international comparability. In non-OECD countries the data is collected directly from government and industry contacts and from national publications.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) Energy Prices and Taxes database contains a major international compilation of energy prices at all market levels: import prices, industry prices and consumer prices. The statistics cover import costs and export prices of main petroleum products, natural gas and coal in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. End-user prices and taxes for selected petroleum, gas and coal products as well as for electricity are provided for industry, electricity generation and households for OECD countries and a selection of non-OECD countries. Full notes on sources and methods and a description of price mechanisms in each country are included. Time series availability varies with each data series. In general, end-user prices and taxes start in 1978, import costs in 1980 and spot prices in 1982. This database is updated by the IEA in January, April, July and October of each year.

These data were first provided by the UK Data Service in June 2005 and is updated quarterly.

This database automatically captures metadata, the source of which is the GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA STATISTICAL USE OF THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA and corresponding to the source database entitled “Energy prices, Slovenia, quarterly”.

Actual data are available in Px-Axis format (.px). With additional links, you can access the source portal page for viewing and selecting data, as well as the PX-Win program, which can be downloaded free of charge. Both allow you to select data for display, change the format of the printout, and store it in different formats, as well as view and print tables of unlimited size, as well as some basic statistical analyses and graphics.

The study on current energy policy issues was conducted by the opinion research institute Kantar on behalf of the Press and Information Office of the Federal Government. During the survey period 17.08.2022 to 23.08.2022, the German-speaking population aged 14 and over was surveyed in telephone interviews (CATI) on the following topics: attitudes to energy policy with a focus on energy saving and the evaluation of different energy sources. The respondents were selected by a multi-stage random sample within the framework of a multi-topic survey (Emnid bus) including landline and mobile phone numbers (dual-frame sample). Reduction of energy consumption in Germany necessary to ensure a stable energy supply in the coming winter and to achieve the target of no more than 1.5 degrees of global warming; companies or industry, citizens or both have a duty to reduce energy consumption in Germany; government requirements for citizens and companies or industry to save energy vs. their own decision; future energy sources in Germany (coal, nuclear energy, wind power, solar energy, biogas, hydropower, oil, natural gas); type of natural gas used in the future (natural gas extracted in Germany with the help of fracking, liquefied natural gas from abroad, for which liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals must be built, natural gas delivered from abroad through pipelines to Germany and Europe); energy topics on which one would like more information from the federal government (guaranteeing a secure energy supply in Germany, measures taken by the federal government to save energy in Germany, tips on saving energy in the household, measures already taken by the federal government to relieve citizens from rising energy prices, measures still planned by the federal government to relieve citizens from rising energy prices); assessment of the measures taken so far by the Federal Government to secure the energy supply in Germany and to relieve citizens from rising energy prices as sufficient; target group for relief from rising energy prices (all citizens, only low-income households, all employed persons and additionally special subsidies for low-income households). Demography: sex; age; highest level of education; occupation; household size; number of people in the household aged 14 and over; party preference; voter eligibility; household net income (grouped); survey by mobile or landline. In addition, the following was coded: serial respondent number; weighting factor; interview date; city size (BIK city size, political city size); federal state; survey area west/east. Die Studie über aktuelle Fragen zur Energiepolitik wurde vom Meinungsforschungsinstitut Kantar im Auftrag des Presse- und Informationsamts der Bundesregierung durchgeführt. Im Erhebungszeitraum 17.08.2022 bis 23.08.2022 wurde die deutschsprachige Bevölkerung ab 14 Jahren in telefonischen Interviews (CATI) zu folgenden Themen befragt: Einstellungen zur Energiepolitik mit Schwerpunkt Energiesparen sowie die Bewertung verschiedener Energieträger. Die Auswahl der Befragten erfolgte durch eine mehrstufige Zufallsstichprobe im Rahmen einer Mehrthemenbefragung (Emnid-Bus) unter Einschluss von Festnetz- und Mobilfunknummern (Dual-Frame Stichprobe). Senken des Energieverbrauchs in Deutschland nötig, um eine stabile Energieversorgung im kommenden Winter zu gewährleisten und um das Ziel von höchstens 1,5 Grad Erderwärmung zu erreichen; Unternehmen bzw. die Industrie, Bürgerinnen und Bürger oder beide in der Pflicht den Energieverbrauch in Deutschland zu senken; staatliche Vorgaben zum Energiesparen für Bürgerinnen und Bürger sowie für Unternehmen bzw. Industrie vs. deren eigene Entscheidung; zukünftige Energieträger in Deutschland (Kohle, Kernenergie, Windkraft, Solarenergie, Biogas, Wasserkraft, Erdöl, Erdgas); Art des in Zukunft genutzten Erdgases (mithilfe von Fracking in Deutschland gefördertes Erdgas, Flüssiggas aus dem Ausland, wozu Flüssigerdgas-Terminals (LNG) errichtet werden müssen, aus dem Ausland durch Pipelines nach Deutschland und Europa geliefertes Erdgas); Energiethemen, zu denen man sich von der Bundesregierung mehr Informationen wünscht (Gewährleistung einer sicheren Energieversorgung in Deutschland, Maßnahmen der Bundesregierung zur Energieeinsparung in Deutschland, Tipps zum Energiesparen im Haushalt, bereits getroffene Maßnahmen der Bundesregierung zur Entlastung der Bürgerinnen und Bürger von steigenden Energiepreisen, noch geplante Maßnahmen der Bundesregierung zur Entlastung der Bürgerinnen und Bürger von steigenden Energiepreisen); Bewertung der bisherigen Maßnahmen der Bundesregierung zur Sicherung der Energieversorgung in Deutschland sowie zur Entlastung der Bürgerinnen und Bürger von steigenden Energiepreisen als ausreichend; Zielgruppe für die Entlastung von steigenden Energiepreisen (alle Bürgerinnen und Bürger, nur einkommensschwache Haushalte, alle Erwerbstätigen und zusätzlich spezielle Zuschüsse für einkommensschwache Haushalte). Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter; höchster Bildungsabschluss; Berufstätigkeit; Haushaltsgröße; Anzahl der Personen im Haushalt ab 14 Jahren; Parteipräferenz; Wahlberechtigung; Haushaltsnettoeinkommen (gruppiert); Erhebung per Mobilfunk oder Festnetz. Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: laufende Befragtennummer; Gewichtungsfaktor; Interviewdatum; Ortsgröße (BIK-Ortsgröße, politische Ortsgröße); Bundesland; Befragungsgebiet West/Ost.

Central Govt Expenditure: Economic Services: Energy & Fuel data was reported at 3,473,530.422 ARS mn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,988,616.337 ARS mn for 2022. Central Govt Expenditure: Economic Services: Energy & Fuel data is updated yearly, averaging 2,141.554 ARS mn from Dec 1980 (Median) to 2023, with 44 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3,473,530.422 ARS mn in 2023 and a record low of 0.000 ARS mn in 1980. Central Govt Expenditure: Economic Services: Energy & Fuel data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Treasury. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Argentina – Table AR.F014: Government Expenditure: Central: Current Price.

According to Verified Market Research, Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) Market was valued at USD 45.67 Billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 81.44 Billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 7.5% from 2026 to 2032Energy Performance Contracting (EPC) Market DriversThe market drivers for the energy performance contracting (epc) market can be influenced by various factors. These may include:Rising Energy Costs: Escalating energy prices are expected to drive the demand for EPC solutions as organizations are compelled to adopt cost-effective measures to optimize long-term operational efficiency.Government Regulations and Incentives: Stringent environmental regulations and supportive incentive programs are anticipated to drive EPC adoption, with the U.S. Department of Energy reporting that more than 5,600 federal facilities are operated under energy-saving performance contracts.

This dataset was collected by Jeyhun Mikayilov - a research fellow at KAPSARC.

Mexico Consumer Price Index (CPI): Non Core: Energy & Prices approved by Government: Energy data was reported at 161.457 16Dec2010-31Dec2010=100 in Jul 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 159.385 16Dec2010-31Dec2010=100 for Jun 2018. Mexico Consumer Price Index (CPI): Non Core: Energy & Prices approved by Government: Energy data is updated monthly, averaging 48.550 16Dec2010-31Dec2010=100 from Jan 1982 (Median) to Jul 2018, with 439 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 165.757 16Dec2010-31Dec2010=100 in Mar 2018 and a record low of 0.066 16Dec2010-31Dec2010=100 in Jun 1982. Mexico Consumer Price Index (CPI): Non Core: Energy & Prices approved by Government: Energy data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Institute of Statistics and Geography. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.I015: Consumer Price Index: Non-Core: Second Half December 2010=100.

Performance Guarantees for HVAC Retrofits Market Outlook

As per our latest research, the global Performance Guarantees for HVAC Retrofits market size reached USD 7.2 billion in 2024, reflecting a robust surge in demand for energy-efficient and performance-assured HVAC solutions across commercial, industrial, and institutional sectors. The market is anticipated to expand at a compelling CAGR of 8.4% from 2025 to 2033, positioning the industry to achieve a forecasted market size of USD 13.8 billion by 2033. This impressive growth is primarily fueled by stringent energy efficiency regulations, rising energy costs, and increasing adoption of sustainable building practices worldwide.

One of the most significant growth drivers for the Performance Guarantees for HVAC Retrofits market is the global shift towards sustainability and energy conservation. Governments and regulatory bodies are enforcing more rigorous energy efficiency standards, compelling building owners and facility managers to upgrade legacy HVAC systems with modern, high-efficiency alternatives. Performance guarantees, particularly energy savings and equipment performance assurances, have become pivotal in reducing perceived risks for stakeholders investing in retrofits. These guarantees not only ensure that energy savings targets are met but also provide financial protection, making the investment more attractive and accelerating market adoption.

Another critical factor propelling the market is the growing demand for optimized indoor environmental quality in commercial and institutional buildings. With increased awareness of the impact of HVAC systems on occupant comfort, productivity, and health, building owners are prioritizing retrofits that guarantee both energy savings and comfort performance. The integration of advanced digital controls, IoT-enabled monitoring, and predictive maintenance technologies has enabled service providers to offer more robust and transparent performance guarantees. This technological evolution is fostering trust among end-users, further driving the uptake of guaranteed retrofit projects across diverse applications.

Additionally, the market is witnessing a surge in third-party financing models, such as energy performance contracting (EPC), where energy service companies (ESCOs) assume the performance risk and guarantee specified outcomes. This model is particularly attractive for public sector entities and large enterprises with limited upfront capital. The proliferation of ESCO-driven projects, coupled with increasing participation from OEMs and specialized HVAC contractors, is expanding the market landscape. The growing emphasis on lifecycle cost savings, operational resilience, and compliance with green building certifications is expected to sustain market momentum well into the forecast period.

Regionally, North America and Europe continue to dominate the Performance Guarantees for HVAC Retrofits market due to mature regulatory frameworks, high retrofit potential in aging building stock, and widespread adoption of performance contracting. However, rapid urbanization, industrialization, and policy initiatives in Asia Pacific are positioning the region as the fastest-growing market segment. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also emerging as promising markets, driven by increasing investments in infrastructure and growing awareness of energy efficiency benefits. The interplay of regulatory incentives, technological advancements, and evolving customer expectations is shaping a dynamic and competitive global market landscape.

Guarantee Type Analysis

The guarantee type segment is a cornerstone of the Performance Guarantees for HVAC Retrofits market, encompassing energy savings guarantees, comfort guarantees, equipment performance guarantees, maintenance guarantees, and other specialized assurances. Energy savings guarantees remain the most sought-after, as they directly address the primary motivation for HVAC retrofits: reducing operational costs through improved energy efficiency. These guarantees typically quantify expected reductions in energy consumption and often include financial compensation mechanisms if targets are not met, thus providing a strong incentive for building owners to invest in retrofit projects. As energy prices remain volatile and carbon reduction targets become more ambitious, demand for robust and transparent energy savings guarantees is expected to grow stead

Russia Avg Producer Price: OKPD2: Electricity: Distributed to Consumers: Government: Market Prices data was reported at 4,932.010 RUB/MWh in Jan 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5,017.420 RUB/MWh for Dec 2018. Russia Avg Producer Price: OKPD2: Electricity: Distributed to Consumers: Government: Market Prices data is updated monthly, averaging 4,847.850 RUB/MWh from Jan 2017 (Median) to Jan 2019, with 25 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 5,167.390 RUB/MWh in Oct 2017 and a record low of 4,361.250 RUB/MWh in Feb 2017. Russia Avg Producer Price: OKPD2: Electricity: Distributed to Consumers: Government: Market Prices data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Russia Premium Database’s Prices – Table RU.PB024: Average Producer Price: Electricity and Thermal Energy.

Metered Energy Savings Performance Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Metered Energy Savings Performance market size reached USD 10.8 billion in 2024, with a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.2% expected during the forecast period. By 2033, the market is projected to attain a value of USD 21.6 billion, driven by the rising demand for sustainable energy solutions and stringent regulatory frameworks promoting energy efficiency. The market's growth is primarily fueled by increasing investments in energy-saving technologies, government incentives for energy conservation, and the rising adoption of performance-based energy management contracts worldwide.

One of the primary growth drivers for the Metered Energy Savings Performance market is the global emphasis on reducing carbon emissions and optimizing energy consumption across various sectors. Governments and regulatory authorities are implementing strict energy efficiency standards, compelling organizations to adopt advanced energy management solutions. The proliferation of smart meters, IoT-enabled devices, and data analytics has significantly enhanced the ability to monitor and verify energy savings, making performance contracts more reliable and attractive. Furthermore, the growing awareness among businesses about the long-term cost benefits of energy efficiency upgrades is encouraging widespread adoption of metered energy savings performance solutions.

Another significant factor propelling market expansion is the increasing participation of private and public sector entities in energy performance contracting. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are gaining momentum, particularly in developed economies, where municipalities and government agencies collaborate with energy service companies (ESCOs) to implement large-scale energy conservation projects. These collaborations not only facilitate access to advanced technologies but also provide innovative financing models that lower upfront costs for end-users. As a result, the market is witnessing accelerated adoption in sectors such as commercial real estate, public infrastructure, and industrial facilities, where energy costs constitute a substantial portion of operating expenses.

The evolution of financing mechanisms is also contributing to the growth of the Metered Energy Savings Performance market. The emergence of shared savings and guaranteed savings contracts allows clients to implement energy-saving projects with minimal financial risk. In these models, ESCOs guarantee a certain level of energy savings, and clients pay for the services from the realized cost savings. This approach aligns the interests of service providers and clients, fostering trust and long-term partnerships. Additionally, advancements in measurement and verification (M&V) technologies ensure accurate tracking of energy savings, further strengthening the credibility and appeal of performance-based contracts.

From a regional perspective, North America and Europe continue to dominate the Metered Energy Savings Performance market due to mature regulatory environments and early adoption of energy efficiency initiatives. However, the Asia Pacific region is emerging as a significant growth engine, supported by rapid urbanization, increasing industrialization, and government-led energy conservation programs. Countries such as China, India, and Japan are witnessing a surge in demand for metered energy solutions, driven by ambitious sustainability targets and the need to address rising energy consumption. The Middle East & Africa and Latin America are also showing promising growth potential as awareness of energy efficiency benefits spreads across these regions.

Service Type Analysis

The Service Type segment in the Metered Energy Savings Performance market comprises key offerings such as energy auditing, project implementation, measurement & verification, financing, and other related services. <b&

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The advanced biofuel market share is expected to increase by USD 110.50 billion from 2020 to 2025, and the market’s growth momentum will accelerate at a CAGR of 45.35%.

This advanced biofuel market research report provides valuable insights on the post COVID-19 impact on the market, which will help companies evaluate their business approaches. Furthermore, this report extensively covers advanced biofuel market segmentations by type (cellulosic ethanol, biodiesel, biobutanol, bioDME, and others) and geography (North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and MEA). The advanced biofuel market report also offers information on several market vendors, including Abengoa SA, Bangchak Corp. Public Co. Ltd., DuPont de Nemours Inc., ENERKEM Inc., Goteborg Energi AB, GranBio Investimentos SA, POET-DSM Advanced Biofuels LLC, Renewable Energy Group Inc., Royal Dutch Shell Plc, and UPM-Kymmene Corp. among others.

What will the Advanced Biofuel Market Size be During the Forecast Period?

Download the Free Report Sample to Unlock the Advanced Biofuel Market Size for the Forecast Period and Other Important Statistics

Advanced Biofuel Market: Key Drivers, Trends, and Challenges

Based on our research output, there has been a neutral impact on the market growth during and post COVID-19 era. The favorable government policies is notably driving the advanced biofuel market growth, although factors such as higher cost of production compared to conventional fuels may impede market growth. Our research analysts have studied the historical data and deduced the key market drivers and the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the advanced biofuel industry. The holistic analysis of the drivers will help in deducing end goals and refining marketing strategies to gain a competitive edge.

Key Advanced Biofuel Market Driver

The favorable government policies are one of the key factors driving the growth of the global advanced biofuel market. Growing environmental and energy security concerns have led governments to intervene and impose legislative and regulatory actions. This has led to an increase in the demand for renewable fuels such as cellulosic ethanol and biodiesel. The global transportation fuel demand is expected to rise due to decreasing fossil fuel reserves and an increasing number of automobiles. This is likely to drive the demand for advanced biofuels. Moreover, the government offers incentives, grants, special loans, and a tax credit to meet the set targets. For example, the US government provides loan guarantees under the biorefinery assistance program for the construction and renovation of commercial-scale biorefineries that produce advanced biofuels. The maximum loan guarantee is $250 million, and the maximum grant funding is 50% of the cost of the project. The US government also provides biodiesel tax incentives of $1 tax credit per gallon of biodiesel. Such initiatives and benefits are driving the production and consumption of advanced biofuels worldwide.

Key Advanced Biofuel Market Trend

The need to comply with environmental regulations will fuel the global advanced biofuel market growth. The benefits of advanced biofuels, such as reducing greenhouse gases and energy insecurity, have captured the interest of governments across the world. With advanced biofuels, such as biodiesel, gaining momentum and finding applications in different sectors, the need to comply with environmental regulations has increased. Currently, biodiesel is the only renewable fuel that has passed the strict regulations of EPA for renewable fuel and the Clean Air Act (CAA) for health study. The feedstocks used for the production of advanced biofuels vary from region to region. Since these feedstocks are used for various other purposes, it is getting into competition with the food sector, thus driving up the prices. Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) organization has also warned regarding high food prices with respect to increased biofuel consumption. Therefore, to balance the use of specific feedstock, regional governments are overseeing the situation by setting environmental regulations on the consumption and quality of the advanced biofuels produced.

Key Advanced Biofuel Market Challenge

The higher cost of production compared to conventional fuels is a major challenge for the global advanced biofuel market growth. The global advanced biofuel market is still in its nascent stage. Not only is the current technology used in the production of advanced biofuels inefficient compared with that of conventional fuels, but also the cost of procuring feedstock is high. The processing of advanced biofuel feedstock is difficult. Though advanced biofuels are produced commercially, it still requires an efficient, sustainable, and economical processing technique. Moreover, the processing and operational cost for advanced biofuels are high in comparison to conventional fuels. Advanced biofuels have alwa

Sunday 24 May 2015 News - extracted from Samoaobserver News Site

A drop in the tariffs by the Electric Power Corporation (E.P.C.) over the next three years is to be decided by the Office of the Regulator (O.O.T.R) next month. At present, the amount paid by Non- Domestic users is at $1.11 per unit. If approved by July, this would then decrease to $1.06 per unit, then $1:04 next year and to 93 sene in 2017. The proposed Tariff Structure totals an 18 sene decrease over the next three years and effective on July 1. "The question for O.O.T.R. is to determine whether the reductions are ‘just’ and reasonable.”

Since the new Electricity Act, 2010, O.O.T.R. has had the authority to review and issue licences to independent or potential power producers and to approve and review changes to E.P.C. tariffs.

Visit links for more information:

1. http://www.samoaobserver.ws/home/headlines/13637-government-explains-electricity-tariff-plan
2. http://www.samoaobserver.ws/other/government/13650-epc-on-tariffs-dividends-loans