The northeastern North Carolina coastal system, from False Cape, Virginia, to Cape Lookout, North Carolina, has been studied by a cooperative research program that mapped the Quaternary geologic framework of the estuaries, barrier islands, and inner continental shelf. This information provides a basis to understand the linkage between geologic framework, physical processes, and coastal evolution at time scales from storm events to millennia. The study area attracts significant tourism to its parks and beaches, contains a number of coastal communities, and supports a local fishing industry, all of which are impacted by coastal change. Knowledge derived from this research program can be used to mitigate hazards and facilitate effective management of this dynamic coastal system. This regional mapping project produced spatial datasets of high-resolution geophysical (bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and seismic reflection) and sedimentary (core and grab-sample) data. The high-resolution geophysical data were collected during numerous surveys within the back-barrier estuarine system, along the barrier island complex, in the nearshore, and along the inner continental shelf. Sediment cores were taken on the mainland and along the barrier islands, and both cores and grab samples were taken on the inner shelf. Data collection was a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and several other institutions including East Carolina University (ECU), the North Carolina Geological Survey, and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS). The high-resolution geophysical data of the inner continental shelf were collected during six separate surveys conducted between 1999 and 2004 (four USGS surveys north of Cape Hatteras: 1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-012-FA, 2002-013-FA, and two USGS surveys south of Cape Hatteras: 2003-003-FA and 2004-003-FA) and cover more than 2600 square kilometers of the inner shelf. Single-beam bathymetry data were collected north of Cape Hatteras in 1999 using a Furuno fathometer. Swath bathymetry data were collected on all other inner shelf surveys using a SEA, Ltd. SwathPLUS 234-kHz bathymetric sonar. Chirp seismic data as well as sidescan-sonar data were collected with a Teledyne Benthos (Datasonics) SIS-1000 north of Cape Hatteras along with boomer seismic reflection data (cruises 1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-012-FA and 2002-013-FA). An Edgetech 512i was used to collect chirp seismic data south of Cape Hatteras (cruises 2003-003-FA and 2004-003-FA) along with a Klein 3000 sidescan-sonar system. Sediment samples were collected with a Van Veen grab sampler during four of the USGS surveys (1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-013-FA, and 2004-003-FA). Additional sediment core data along the inner shelf are provided from previously published studies. A cooperative study, between the North Carolina Geological Survey and the Minerals Management Service (MMS cores), collected vibracores along the inner continental shelf offshore of Nags Head, Kill Devils Hills and Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in 1996. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers collected vibracores along the inner shelf offshore of Dare County in August 1995 (NDC cores) and July-August 1995 (SNL cores). These cores are curated by the North Carolina Geological Survey and were used as part of the ground validation process in this study. Nearshore geophysical and core data were collected by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The nearshore is defined here as the region between the 10-m isobath and the shoreline. High-resolution bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and chirp seismic data were collected between June 2002 and May 2004. Vibracore samples were collected in May and July 2005. Shallow subsurface geophysical data were acquired along the Outer Banks barrier islands using a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system. Data were collected by East Carolina University from 2002 to 2005. Rotasonic cores (OBX cores) from five drilling operations were collected from 2002 to 2006 by the North Carolina Geological Survey as part of the cooperative study with the USGS. These cores are distributed throughout the Outer Banks as well as the mainland. The USGS collected seismic data for the Quaternary section within the Albemarle-Pamlico estuarine system between 2001 and 2004 during six surveys (2001-013-FA, 2002-015-FA, 2003-005-FA, 2003-042-FA, 2004-005-FA, and 2004-006-FA). These surveys used Geopulse Boomer and Knudsen Engineering Limited (KEL) 320BR Chirp systems, except cruise 2003-042-FA, which used an Edgetech 424 Chirp and a boomer system. The study area includes Albemarle Sound and selected tributary estuaries such as the South, Pungo, Alligator, and Pasquotank Rivers; Pamlico Sound and trunk estuaries including the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers; and back-barrier sounds including Currituck, Croatan, Roanoke, Core, and Bogue.

This child item contains ground penetrating radar (GPR) data collected over a small alpine wetland between Mogul Mine and Cement Creek located near Silverton, Colorado. Mine-impacted water is transported to Cement Creek via surface channels and groundwater through this wetland. The GPR method transmits radar pulses into the ground and measures the returned amplitude from these pulses over time. Variations in subsurface electromagnetic (EM) properties (dielectric permittivity, electrical conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility) affect the timing and amplitude of returned radar energy. For example, variation in water or mineral content are physical properties that often influence the EM properties that are observed with GPR. For these deployments a MALA GX monitor and 450 MHz HDR antennas were used and measurements were made over several transects within the wetland. Additional details are contained in the ‘readme.txt’ files within each zip data directory.

Yearly citation counts for the publication titled "Topographic migration of GPR data: Examples from Chad and Mongolia".

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Data Services for Roads Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Data Services for Roads market size reached USD 1.42 billion in 2024, reflecting a robust demand for advanced subsurface imaging solutions in road infrastructure projects worldwide. The market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 8.6% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2033, with the total market value expected to reach USD 2.97 billion by 2033. This impressive growth is primarily driven by the increasing adoption of non-destructive testing methods, growing investments in smart infrastructure development, and the pressing need for efficient road maintenance and safety assessments. As per the latest research, enhanced governmental focus on infrastructure modernization and technological advancements in GPR solutions are also significant contributors to this upward trajectory.

A key growth factor propelling the Ground Penetrating Radar Data Services for Roads market is the escalating demand for non-invasive and highly accurate subsurface mapping technologies. Road authorities and construction firms are increasingly prioritizing GPR data services due to their ability to detect hidden utilities, voids, and anomalies beneath road surfaces without causing any damage to the infrastructure. This capability is crucial for minimizing costly delays and ensuring the safety of both workers and the public during road construction and maintenance projects. Furthermore, the rise in urbanization and the expansion of transportation networks globally have intensified the need for reliable road assessment and monitoring, positioning GPR data services as an indispensable tool for modern infrastructure management.

Technological advancements in GPR systems and data analytics represent another significant driver for market growth. Modern GPR equipment now offers higher resolution imaging, deeper penetration, and advanced data processing algorithms, enabling more precise and actionable insights for road assessment. The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning into GPR data interpretation has further enhanced the efficiency and accuracy of subsurface evaluations. These innovations have not only improved the quality of road inspections but have also reduced the time and labor required for data collection and analysis, making GPR data services more accessible and cost-effective for a broader range of end-users.

Governmental initiatives and regulatory mandates aimed at improving road safety and infrastructure resilience are also fueling the growth of the GPR Data Services for Roads market. Many countries are implementing stringent standards for road construction and maintenance, requiring thorough subsurface evaluations to identify potential hazards and structural weaknesses. This regulatory environment has spurred increased investment in GPR technologies and services, particularly among government agencies, transportation departments, and engineering firms. Additionally, the growing emphasis on sustainable infrastructure development has encouraged the adoption of GPR data services for optimizing resource utilization and minimizing environmental impact during roadworks.

Regionally, North America and Europe are leading the adoption of GPR data services for roads, driven by extensive infrastructure networks, high safety standards, and significant public and private investments in transportation projects. Asia Pacific is rapidly emerging as a lucrative market, fueled by massive infrastructure development initiatives in countries like China, India, and Japan. The Middle East & Africa and Latin America are also witnessing growing interest in GPR technologies, supported by increasing urbanization and government-led infrastructure modernization programs. Each region presents unique opportunities and challenges, shaping the competitive landscape and growth prospects of the global market.

Service Type

Each .zip archive contains a collection of .dat files obtained via a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR).The numerical values in each file are obtained by defining sampling points with a grid of equally spaced lines (50 mm distance between each other) on each coordinate axis.Archive names follow the convention "GPR_ DATE.zip" where DATE can be either 30-08-2017 or 31-08-2017 while .mat file names follow the convention "GPR_X#_Y#.dat" where X# spans from X0 to X13 and Y# from Y0 to Y22.

This record contains processed and topographically corrected Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data (.segy, .bmp), and a summary shapefile collected on fieldwork at Adelaide Metropolitan Beaches, South Australia for the Bushfire and Natural Hazards CRC Project, Resilience to Clustered Disaster Events on the Coast - Storm Surge. The data was collected from 16-19 February 2015 using a MALA ProEx GPR system with a 250 MHz shielded antennae. The aim of the field work was to identify and define a minimum thickness for the beach and dune systems, and where possible depth to any identifiable competent substrate (e.g. bedrock) or pre-Holocene surface which may influence the erosion potential of incident wave energy. Surface elevation data was co-acquired and used to topographically correct the GPR profiles. This dataset is published with the permission of the CEO, Geoscience Australia.

Scientists from the United States Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, and students from the University of Hawaii at Manoa collected sediment cores, sediment surface grab samples, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) data from within the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge-Holgate Unit located on the southern end of Long Beach Island, New Jersey, in April 2015 (FAN 2015-611-FA). The study's objective was to identify washover deposits in the stratigraphic record to aid in understanding barrier island evolution. This report is an archive of GPR and DGPS data collected from Long Beach Island in 2015. Data products, including raw GPR and processed DGPS data, elevation corrected GPR profiles, and accompanying Federal Geographic Data Committee metadata can be downloaded from the Data Downloads page.

OverviewThis repository contains the data and scripts related to the paper titled "A realistic 2D multi-offset, multi-frequency synthetic GPR data set as a benchmark for testing new algorithms" The data set includes synthetic GPR data generated using gprMax, detailed descriptions of the acquisition geometry, and the required Conda environment for running the associated Jupyter notebooks.Repository Contents- env.yml Conda environment file listing all dependencies required to run the Jupyter notebooks.- notebooks Directory containing Jupyter notebooks to open and validate the data files.- data Directory containing the synthetic GPR data files.GPR DataThe synthetic GPR data set was generated using the gprMax software, which simulates electromagnetic wave propagation using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method. The data set includes multiple 2D profiles with varying offsets and frequencies, designed to test and evaluate processing, analysis, and inversion routines for GPR data.Acquisition GeometryFor each of the four sections selected within the model, 161 shots and 161 receivers were used, covering different frequencies (50 MHz, 100 MHz, and 200 MHz). Detailed sketches and validation methods are provided within the Jupyter notebooks.Usage NotesAn example Python code to read the header file and additional usage notes can be found within the Jupyter notebooks provided in this repository.

We have consistently collected 400 MHz (megahertz) ground-penetrating radar data across the Juneau Icefield as part of the Juneau Icefield Research Program (JIRP) since 2012. We have acquired data to study snow and firn properties across the icefield in 2012, 2015, 2018, 2019, 2021. We used a geophysical survey systems incorporated (GSSI) SIR-3000 control unit during the 2012 season coupled with a GSSI Model 5103 400 MHz antenna. In all subsequent years, we used the same antenna with a GSSI SIR-4000 control unit. Surveys were conducted using snow machines and towing the antenna on a sled at speeds of 3-7 km/hr (kilometers per hour). We georeferenced the 2012 data by relating GPS points recorded every 50 meters on a Garmin GPSMap 62stc to the associated markers recorded in the radar profiles. From 2015 onwards, the SIR-4000 was directly linked to a Garmin GPSMap78 handheld GPS for georeferencing. Data were collected with a time window of 250-400 ns (nanoseconds), 2048 samples per scan, and 24 scans per second. In addition to the GPR data, we used glaciological snow pit mass balance data acquired by JIRP participants as ground truth for multiple radar profile interpretations. Data from these pits includes X, Y, Z coordinates, date and time of extraction, and depth-density measurements using a 500 cm^3 (cubic centimeter) cylinder. Herein, we include: 1) raw GPR profiles which include .DZT, .DZG, and .DZX files, 2) GPS positioning files for 2012 data, and 3) JIRP mass balance pit data for 2012 and 2021.

From April 13-20, 2013, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS-SPCMSC) conducted geophysical surveys and collected sediment samples from Dauphin Island, Alabama. This dataset, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Trackline Locations Collected from Dauphin Island, Alabama, in April 2013, contains geospatial data and raster images of the GPR data. The GPR trackline locations are presented as Geographic Information System (GIS) files and the subsurface profile data are provided as images in Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) format.

The overall project assessed the linkages and controls of a subarctic glacier-permafrost hydrological system from a watershed-scale perspective using field measurements, remote sensing and numerical modeling. Jarvis Creek (634 km 2 ), which feeds the Delta and Tanana River in Interior Alaska, was studied as a proxy of the observed mountain glacier melting and permafrost degradation that has been documented across the Arctic region in recent decades. The specific objectives were to assess the hydrologic fluxes (including streamflow source components), stores, pathways and the role of glacier wastage on watershed hydrology, through hydrologic and geochemical field measurements as well as numerical and statistical modeling quantify the effect of glaciers and permafrost on recent historical (1960-present) hydrologic fluxes and storage by combining remote sensing, field measurements of glacier mass balance, and hydrology with a heat- and mass transfer model project the future hydrologic regime using custom-derived downscaled climate projections The purpose of this Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) data set was to quantify winter snow accumulation hydrological contributions separately from the glacierized and non-glacierized regions of Jarvis Watershed estimate total glacier ice volume of Jarvis Glacier and, based on yearly mass balance calculations, estimate total future glacier contribution changes from Jarvis Glacier to hydrological discharge The 2016 data set contains GSSI 900 MHz helicopter-borne GPR over Jarvis Watershed and Jarvis Glacier (labeled "PROJECT007_###") and GSSI 400 MHz ground-collected GPR over Jarvis Glacier (labeled "PROJECT006_###").

Scientists from the United States Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (USGS-SPCMS) acquired sediment cores, sediment surface grab samples, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) data from Assateague Island, Maryland, in October (FAN 2014-322-FA) 2014. The objectives were to identify washover deposits in the stratigraphic record to aid in understanding barrier island evolution. The report associated with this metadata record serves as an archive of GPR and DGPS data collected from Assateague Island in October 2014. Data products and accompanying Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) metadata can be downloaded from the Data Downloads page located at, http://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ds989/ds_data_downloads.html.

Ice complex deposits are characteristic, ice-rich formations in northern East Siberia and represent an important part in the arctic carbon pool. Recently, these late Quaternary deposits are the objective of numerous investigations typically relying on outcrop and borehole data. Many of these studies can benefit from a 3D structural model of the subsurface for upscaling their observations or for constraining estimations of inventories, such as the local carbon stock. We have addressed this problem of structural imaging by 3D ground-penetrating radar (GPR), which, in permafrost studies, has been primarily used for 2D profiling. We have used a 3D kinematic GPR surveying strategy at a field site located in the New Siberian Archipelago on top of an ice complex. After applying a 3D GPR processing sequence, we were able to trace two horizons at depths below 20 m. Taking available borehole and outcrop data into account, we have interpreted these two features as interfaces of major lithologic units and derived a 3D cryostratigraphic model of the subsurface. Our data example demonstrated that a 3D surveying and processing strategy was crucial at our field site and showed the potential of 3D GPR to image geologic structures in complex ice-rich permafrost landscapes.

Ground Penetrating Radar for Concrete Market Outlook

As per our latest research, the global Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) for Concrete market size reached USD 464.2 million in 2024, reflecting robust adoption across multiple sectors. The market is projected to expand at a CAGR of 8.6% from 2025 to 2033, reaching an estimated USD 963.4 million by 2033. This significant growth is driven by the increasing demand for non-destructive testing methods in construction, infrastructure assessment, and utility detection, as well as technological advancements in radar and imaging capabilities. The market’s upward trajectory is further supported by stringent safety regulations and the need for accurate subsurface mapping in urban environments.

One of the primary growth factors for the Ground Penetrating Radar for Concrete market is the escalating emphasis on safety and structural integrity within the construction and infrastructure sectors. As urbanization accelerates globally, there is a heightened need for reliable technologies that can provide detailed insights into subsurface conditions without causing damage to existing structures. GPR technology has emerged as a preferred solution for detecting rebar, voids, and utilities embedded in concrete, which is critical for both new construction projects and the maintenance of aging infrastructure. Moreover, government regulations and industry standards mandating non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques for safety compliance are propelling the adoption of GPR solutions, especially in regions with dense urban development and complex underground networks.

Another key driver is the rapid advancement in GPR hardware and software, enhancing both the accuracy and usability of these systems. Innovations such as high-frequency antennas, real-time data visualization, and advanced signal processing algorithms have significantly improved the depth penetration and resolution of GPR devices. Furthermore, the integration of artificial intelligence and cloud-based analytics enables faster data interpretation and more automated reporting, reducing the skill barrier for operators. These technological improvements are making GPR systems more accessible and attractive to a broader range of end-users, including smaller construction firms and municipal agencies, thereby expanding the addressable market.

Additionally, the market is benefiting from the growing prevalence of large-scale infrastructure projects worldwide, particularly in developing economies. Governments and private stakeholders are investing heavily in transportation networks, utilities, and smart cities, all of which require precise subsurface mapping to avoid costly damages and project delays. The use of GPR for concrete inspection and utility detection is becoming standard practice in these projects, as it minimizes risks associated with accidental strikes and structural failures. The trend towards digital construction and Building Information Modeling (BIM) also supports the integration of GPR data, further embedding this technology within the broader construction technology ecosystem.

From a regional perspective, North America currently leads the Ground Penetrating Radar for Concrete market, driven by a mature construction industry, rigorous safety regulations, and substantial investments in infrastructure renewal. Europe follows closely, with strict compliance standards and a high focus on heritage building preservation fueling demand for non-destructive testing. The Asia Pacific region is rapidly emerging as a high-growth market, supported by massive urbanization, government-led infrastructure initiatives, and increasing awareness of advanced construction technologies. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are also witnessing gradual adoption, primarily in utility detection and oil & gas applications, though market penetration remains relatively lower compared to developed regions.

Product Type Analysis

The Ground Penetrating Radar for Concrete market is segmented by product type into Handheld Systems, Cart-Based

Hi and welcome! Glad you're interested in our research!

Here are the data and code used for the paper Crosshole Ground-Penetrating Radar in Clay-Rich Quaternary Deposits: Toward Characterization of High-Loss Media, which is accepted in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth and awaiting publication. The data repo is therefore under embargo until the paper is published.

The repo contains 4 main folders, each with their own detailed README:

Geological_site_description: The data describing the geology at the Holbæk (HOL) site. Also contains a long term storage .csv file of the sediment sample results.

GPR: The raw and semiprocessed GPR datafiles and metadata. Also contains a long term storage .csv file of the final GPR database.

GPS_and_survey_geometry: Contain everything related to the measurement of survey geometry as well as the GPS coordinates of the site.

python_processing _scripts: Contains the necessary python scripts to process the GPR data and recreate the figures containing results (fig 3-7). The bulk of the research is done in this folder.

The full-size of the unzipped folder is approx. 91 MB

We hope our data and scripts are useful!

Ground penetrating radar data collected on September 9, 2021 in the Uinta Mountains at the Chepeta Remote Automated Weather Station (RAWS) and the DUST-1 passive dust sampler. Data were collected with a GSSI SIR-4000 control unit and a 350HS antenna connected to an Emlid Reach RS2 GPS receiver. Data files have been distance normalized and field-applied range gains have been removed before being exported in .sgy format. Files were also exported in .kml format for viewing the transect locations in Google Earth. Two long transects (780 feet each) were collected. The "West" transect passed to the west of the Chepta RAWS; the "East" transect passed to the east. The transects started at different points along the northern lip of the summit upland and came together at a common point at their southern ends. Marks were made in the data file every 60 feet while surveying; these marks were used to distance normalize the results. The system collected 334 scans/second with 512 samples/scan while surveying.
Two 30-foot perpendicular transects were also surveyed (north to south, and west to east) with their intersection adjacent to a soil pit excavated to a depth of 92 cm. The location of the soil pit was noted in each transect with a mark near 16 feet. Data were used to evaluate spatial variations in the thickness of regolith overlying the bedrock beneath this gently sloping summit flat.

The northeastern North Carolina coastal system, from False Cape, Virginia, to Cape Lookout, North Carolina, has been studied by a cooperative research program that mapped the Quaternary geologic framework of the estuaries, barrier islands, and inner continental shelf. This information provides a basis to understand the linkage between geologic framework, physical processes, and coastal evolution at time scales from storm events to millennia. The study area attracts significant tourism to its parks and beaches, contains a number of coastal communities, and supports a local fishing industry, all of which are impacted by coastal change. Knowledge derived from this research program can be used to mitigate hazards and facilitate effective management of this dynamic coastal system. This regional mapping project produced spatial datasets of high-resolution geophysical (bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and seismic reflection) and sedimentary (core and grab-sample) data. The high-resolution geophysical data were collected during numerous surveys within the back-barrier estuarine system, along the barrier island complex, in the nearshore, and along the inner continental shelf. Sediment cores were taken on the mainland and along the barrier islands, and both cores and grab samples were taken on the inner shelf. Data collection was a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and several other institutions including East Carolina University (ECU), the North Carolina Geological Survey, and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS). The high-resolution geophysical data of the inner continental shelf were collected during six separate surveys conducted between 1999 and 2004 (four USGS surveys north of Cape Hatteras: 1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-012-FA, 2002-013-FA, and two USGS surveys south of Cape Hatteras: 2003-003-FA and 2004-003-FA) and cover more than 2600 square kilometers of the inner shelf. Single-beam bathymetry data were collected north of Cape Hatteras in 1999 using a Furuno fathometer. Swath bathymetry data were collected on all other inner shelf surveys using a SEA, Ltd. SwathPLUS 234-kHz bathymetric sonar. Chirp seismic data as well as sidescan-sonar data were collected with a Teledyne Benthos (Datasonics) SIS-1000 north of Cape Hatteras along with boomer seismic reflection data (cruises 1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-012-FA and 2002-013-FA). An Edgetech 512i was used to collect chirp seismic data south of Cape Hatteras (cruises 2003-003-FA and 2004-003-FA) along with a Klein 3000 sidescan-sonar system. Sediment samples were collected with a Van Veen grab sampler during four of the USGS surveys (1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-013-FA, and 2004-003-FA). Additional sediment core data along the inner shelf are provided from previously published studies. A cooperative study, between the North Carolina Geological Survey and the Minerals Management Service (MMS cores), collected vibracores along the inner continental shelf offshore of Nags Head, Kill Devils Hills and Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in 1996. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers collected vibracores along the inner shelf offshore of Dare County in August 1995 (NDC cores) and July-August 1995 (SNL cores). These cores are curated by the North Carolina Geological Survey and were used as part of the ground validation process in this study. Nearshore geophysical and core data were collected by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The nearshore is defined here as the region between the 10-m isobath and the shoreline. High-resolution bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and chirp seismic data were collected between June 2002 and May 2004. Vibracore samples were collected in May and July 2005. Shallow subsurface geophysical data were acquired along the Outer Banks barrier islands using a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system. Data were collected by East Carolina University from 2002 to 2005. Rotasonic cores (OBX cores) from five drilling operations were collected from 2002 to 2006 by the North Carolina Geological Survey as part of the cooperative study with the USGS. These cores are distributed throughout the Outer Banks as well as the mainland. The USGS collected seismic data for the Quaternary section within the Albemarle-Pamlico estuarine system between 2001 and 2004 during six surveys (2001-013-FA, 2002-015-FA, 2003-005-FA, 2003-042-FA, 2004-005-FA, and 2004-006-FA). These surveys used Geopulse Boomer and Knudsen Engineering Limited (KEL) 320BR Chirp systems, except cruise 2003-042-FA, which used an Edgetech 424 Chirp and a boomer system. The study area includes Albemarle Sound and selected tributary estuaries such as the South, Pungo, Alligator, and Pasquotank Rivers; Pamlico Sound and trunk estuaries including the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers; and back-barrier sounds including Currituck, Croatan, Roanoke, Core, and Bogue.

Shallow-seismic and multi-offset ground-penetrating radar data acquired at the Rheinstetten test site

• Editor:Tan Qin
• Edit date: 27 October 2023
• Data acquisition date: 6 September 2021 -- 8 September 2021 # Materials
• rawData/: Raw data in Matlab format (.mat) and the scripts to plot the data.
• WAVE-Inversion/: Preprocessed data and initial models in WAVE-Toolbox format (https://github.com/WAVE-Toolbox) # Option 1: Use WAVE-Toolbox
• Download and install WAVE-Simulation and WAVE-Inversion from https://github.com/WAVE-Toolbox.
• To implement an indirect joint petrophysical inversion with field data example, please copy the materials in WAVE-Inversion/par/ to the installed software and run "sbatch start_Inversion_EttlingerCB_Surface_ViscoSH2D_and_TMEM2D_gpihpc.sh" in par/ if you are using a supercomputer with slurm workload manager. Note that you may need to edit the .sh file so that it can run on your local pc or on a supercomputer. For more details on the configuration, please read the documentation in WAVE-Inversion/doc/guide/. # Option 2: NOT use WAVE-Toolbox
• The initial models and preprocessed field data can be read by Matlab using the .m files given in WAVE-Toolbox software. You can also find the raw data in rawData/ if you want. They can be transformed into other formats by yourself and be used for your interests.

We present the geophysical data set acquired in summer 2022 close to Ny-Ålesund (Western Svalbard, Brøggerhalvøya peninsula, Norway) as part of the project ICEtoFLUX (MUR/PRA2021 project-0027). The data set is composed of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and GroundPenetrating Radar (GPR) surveys, which are well-known geophysical techniques for the characterization of glacial and hydrological processes and features. 18 ERT profiles and 10 GPR lines were acquired, for a total surveyed length of 9.3 km. The data have been organized in a consistent repository that includes both raw and processed (filtered) data. Some representative examples of 2D models of the subsurface are provided, that is, 2D sections of electrical resistivity (from ERT) and 2D radargrams (from GPR). These examples can support the identification of the active layer and the occurrence of spatial variation of soil conditions at depth. The aim of the investigation is to characterize the role of groundwater flow in correspondence of the active layer as well as through and/or below the permafrost. The data set is of major relevance because scant attention has been paid to the publication of geophysical data from the Ny-Ålesund area so far. Moreover, these geophysical data can foster multidisciplinary scientific collaborations in the fields of hydrology, glaciology, climate, geology, geomorphology, etc. To a large extent, the data set can provide new insight into the hydrological dynamics and polar and climate changes studies on the Ny-Ålesund area.

The data was collected in November, 2015 and consists of crosshole ground penetrating radar (GPR) data collected between two boreholes 3.367 m apart and down to approximately 8 m depth. The equipment used to collect the data was Sensors & Software pulseEKKO PRO equiped with 1000 V transmitter. The time window used is 340 ns, sampled every 0.4 ns, resulting in 850 samples per trace. Every trace is stacked 64 times to increase signal-to-noise ratio. Antennae frequency is 100 MHz. […]