This data set consists of an enhanced resolution digital elevation model (DEM) for the Greenland Ice Sheet. It was constructed by combining ASTER and SPOT 5 DEMs over the ice sheet periphery and margin with AVHRR photoclinometry for the interior and far north

This dataset contains the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for Greenland from the Hydrologic Derivatives for Modeling and Analysis (HDMA) database. The HDMA database provides comprehensive and consistent global coverage of raster and vector topographically derived layers, including raster layers of digital elevation model (DEM) data, flow direction, flow accumulation, slope, and compound topographic index (CTI); and vector layers of streams and catchment boundaries. The coverage of the data is global (-180º, 180º, -90º, 90º) with the underlying DEM being a hybrid of three datasets: HydroSHEDS (Hydrological data and maps based on SHuttle Elevation Derivatives at multiple Scales), Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data 2010 (GMTED2010) and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). For most of the globe south of 60º North, the raster resolution of the data is 3-arc-seconds, corresponding to the resolution of the SRTM. For the areas North of 60º, the resolution is 7.5-arc-seco ...

This Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is constructed from a combination of ASTER and SPOT-5 DEM's for the ice sheet periphery and margin (i.e. below the equilbrium line elevation) south of approximately 82.5°N and AVHRR photoclinometry in the ice sheet interior and far north (Scambos and Haran, 2002). SPOT-5 DEM's were produced and distributed as part of the Spot5 stereoscopic survey of Polar Ice: Reference Images & Topographies (SPIRIT) project (Korona et al., 2009). Ocean surfaces were masked using the GIMP Land Classification mask and replaced with the CNES CLS11 mean sea surface height (Schaeffer et al., 2012). Note All land elevation data is horizontally and vertically registered to average ICESat elevations for the 2003-2009 time period, and therefore the DEM has a nominal date of 2007, although care must be taken when using the DEM in areas of rapid change, such as major outlet glaciers south of 70°0N. The DEM has a resolution of 30 m, although the "true" resolution of the DEM will vary from 40 m in areas of SPOT-5 coverage (see Korona et al. 2009) to 500 m in areas of photoclinometry. The ice-sheet-wide root-mean-squared validation error relative to ICESat is +/-10 m, rangining from close to +/- 1 m over most ice surfaces to +/- 30 m in areas of high relief. General documentation

WorldView 1

This data set consists of an enhanced resolution digital elevation model (DEM) for the Greenland Ice Sheet, derived from sub-meter resolution, panchromatic stereoscopic imagery collected by the GeoEye-1, WorldView-1, -2, and -3 satellites operated by Maxar Technologies.

The DEM was created from in-track image pairs (i.e., both images collected minutes apart along the same orbital pass) and cross-track images (i.e., from different orbits) within the in-track imaging geometry and maximum time separation criteria. The DEM is registered to ATLAS/ICESat-2 L3A Land Ice Height, Version 5 (ATL06, V5) data collected in the summers of 2019 and 2020.

See Greenland Ice Mapping Project (GrIMP) for related data

The Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) instrument on the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) provides global measurements of elevation, and repeats measurements along nearly-identical tracks; its primary mission is to measure changes in ice volume (mass balance) over time. This digital elevation model (DEM) of Greenland is derived from GLAS/ICESat laser altimetry profile data and provides new surface elevation grids of the ice sheets and coastal areas, with greater latitudinal extent and fewer slope-related effects than radar altimetry.

This DEM is generated from the first seven operational periods (from February 2003 through June 2005) of the GLAS instrument. It is provided on polar stereographic grids at 1 km grid spacing. The grid covers all of Greenland south of 83° N. Elevations are reported as centimeters above the datums, relative to both the WGS 84 ellipsoid and the EGM96 geoid, in two separate elevation data files. A data quality map of the interpolation distance is distributed in addition to the elevation data. ENVI header files are also provided.

The data are in 4-byte (long) signed integer binary files (big endian byte order) and are available via FTP.

ice thickness grid

A Digital Elevation Model (DEM), ice thickness grid, and bedrock elevation grid of Greenland, acquired as part of the PARCA program. DEM data are a combination of ERS-1 and Geosat satellite radar altimetry data, Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) data, and photogrammetric digital height data. Ice thickness data are based on approximately 700,000 data points collected in the 1990s from a University of Kansas airborne Ice Penetrating Radar (IPR). Nearly 30,000 data points were collected in the 1970s from a Technical University of Denmark (TUD) airborne echo sounder.The ice thickness grid was subtracted from the DEM to produce a grid of bedrock elevation values. Data set applications include studies of gravitational driving stress and ice volume (mass balance) of the Greenland Ice Sheet.

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Here, we present a medium-resolution DEM and orthophotographs that consistently cover the entire surroundings and margins of the Greenland Ice Sheet 1978-1987. About 3,500 aerial photographs of Greenland are combined with field surveyed geodetic ground control to produce a 25 m gridded DEM and a 2 m black-and-white digital orthophotograph. Supporting data consist of a reliability mask and a photo footprint coverage with assigned recording dates. Through one internal and two external validation tests, this DEM shows an accuracy better than 10 m horizontally and 6 m vertically while the precision is better than 4 m.

SGR-ReSI, TechDemoSat-1,Improved Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the Greenland Ice Sheet derived from Global Navigation Satellite Systems-Reflectometry (GNSS-R). This builds on a previous study (Cartwright et al., 2018) using GNSS-R to derive an Antarctic DEM but uses improved processing and an additional 13 months of measurements. A median bias of under 10 m and root-mean-square (RMS) errors of under 166 m are obtained, as compared to existing DEMs. Funding was provided by NERC grant NE/L002531/1.,Gridded group delay altimetry from TechDemoSat-1's GNSS-R data collected between September 2014 and December 2018. For full details see Cartwright et al., 2020.,A median bias of under 10 m and root-mean-square (RMS) errors of under 166 m are obtained, as compared to existing DEMs.

Greenland digital elevation models (DEMs) are indispensable to fieldwork, ice velocity calculations, and mass change estimations. Previous DEMs have provided reasonable estimations for the entire Greenland, but the time span of applied source data may lead to mass change estimation bias. To provide a DEM with a specific time-stamp, we applied approximately 5.8×108 ICESat-2 observations from November 2018 to November 2019 to generate a new DEM, including the ice sheet and glaciers in peripheral Greenland. A spatiotemporal model fit process was performed at 500 m, 1,2, and 5 km grid cells separately, and the final DEM was posted at the modal resolution of 500 m. A total of 98% of the grids were obtained by the model fit, and the remaining DEM gaps were estimated via the ordinary Kriging interpolation method. Compared with IceBridge mission data acquired by the Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) Lidar system, the ICESat-2 DEM was estimated to have a maximum median difference of -0.48 m. The performance of the grids obtained by model fit and interpolation was similar, which both agreed well with the IceBridge data. DEM uncertainty rises in regions of low latitude and high slope or roughness. Furthermore, the ICESat-2 DEM showed significant accuracy improvements compared with other altimeter-derived DEMs, and the accuracy was comparable to those derived from stereo-photogrammetry and interferometry. Overall, the ICESat-2 DEM showed excellent accuracy stability under various topographic conditions, which can provide a specific time-stamped DEM with high accuracy that will be useful to study Greenland elevation and mass balance changes.

This dataset is associated with the article "Supraglacial Stream Sediment Variability on the Greenland Ice Sheet Over the 2019 Melt Season" submitted to the journal Remote Sensing of the Environment. The dataset includes digital elevation models (DEMs) and orthomosaic images of the Greenland Ice Sheet (spatial extent: 67.155 - 67.165 N, 49.986-50.000 W). DEMs and Orthomosaic images were produced from image collected with an 18-megapixel FC3610 camera mounted on a DJI Phantom 3 quadcopter UAV (July 22-August 11, 2019) or a 17-megapixel L1D-20c camera mounted on a Mavic 2 Pro quadcopter UAV (August 14-15, 2019). Images from the UAV were analyzed in Agisoft Metashape Pro v1.6.5, a Structure-from-Motion software program. High quality dense point clouds were georeferenced to the UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) 22N projection using markers placed around the study site including orange plastic trays (0.35 x 0.25 meter (m)), orange panted rocks (~0.1 m diameter), and red tarps with black X's to demark the center point (1.5 x 1.5 m). Ground control point markers were geolocated using a UNAVCO Trimble R7 GNSS running in PPK (Post-Processed Kinematic) and corrected using a base station located ~2 kilometers (km) away on bedrock on the ice edge. DEMs and Orthomosaics were exported using the maximum resolution (0.003 - 0.013 m resolution). All images were collected within 2 hours of solar noon. Images were used to digitize the location of supraglacial stream shorelines within the catchment area and to analyze the distribution of sediment throughout the melt season to determine if changes in supraglacial streamflow effected sediment deposition and the absorption of solar radiation.

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery of the surface of the Greenland Ice Sheet ablation area collected with a 3DR Solo quadcopter mounted with a Canon S110 digital camera (12 megabytes (MB)). Four flights were flown within 1 hour of solar noon to collect a total of 1,196 RGB images in RAW format. Flights were run with flight planner to ensure 80% overlap and four ground control point plastic trays were surveyed using a Trimble R7 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) during the flights to conduct the georeferencing. The images were mosaiced using Agisoft Metashape Pro version 1.6.5. The camera adjustment parameters can be found in the supplementary table of "Terrain-Based Shadow Correction Method for Assessing Supraglacial Features on the Greenland Ice Sheet" by Sasha Leidman, Asa Rennermalm, Matthew Cooper, and Richard Lathrop. The imagery and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) were used as a sample dataset for a novel shadow correction method described in the manuscript. The imagery shows a 1.3 square kilometers (km2) area characterized by rough topography, bare ice, and supraglacial river networks.

description: This dataset contains the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for Greenland from the Hydrologic Derivatives for Modeling and Analysis (HDMA) database. The HDMA database provides comprehensive and consistent global coverage of raster and vector topographically derived layers, including raster layers of digital elevation model (DEM) data, flow direction, flow accumulation, slope, and compound topographic index (CTI); and vector layers of streams and catchment boundaries. The coverage of the data is global (-180 , 180 , -90 , 90 ) with the underlying DEM being a hybrid of three datasets: HydroSHEDS (Hydrological data and maps based on SHuttle Elevation Derivatives at multiple Scales), Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data 2010 (GMTED2010) and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). For most of the globe south of 60 North, the raster resolution of the data is 3-arc-seconds, corresponding to the resolution of the SRTM. For the areas North of 60 , the resolution is 7.5-arc-seconds (the smallest resolution of the GMTED2010 dataset) except for Greenland, where the resolution is 30-arc-seconds. The streams and catchments are attributed with Pfafstetter codes, based on a hierarchical numbering system, that carry important topological information.; abstract: This dataset contains the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for Greenland from the Hydrologic Derivatives for Modeling and Analysis (HDMA) database. The HDMA database provides comprehensive and consistent global coverage of raster and vector topographically derived layers, including raster layers of digital elevation model (DEM) data, flow direction, flow accumulation, slope, and compound topographic index (CTI); and vector layers of streams and catchment boundaries. The coverage of the data is global (-180 , 180 , -90 , 90 ) with the underlying DEM being a hybrid of three datasets: HydroSHEDS (Hydrological data and maps based on SHuttle Elevation Derivatives at multiple Scales), Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data 2010 (GMTED2010) and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). For most of the globe south of 60 North, the raster resolution of the data is 3-arc-seconds, corresponding to the resolution of the SRTM. For the areas North of 60 , the resolution is 7.5-arc-seconds (the smallest resolution of the GMTED2010 dataset) except for Greenland, where the resolution is 30-arc-seconds. The streams and catchments are attributed with Pfafstetter codes, based on a hierarchical numbering system, that carry important topological information.

The Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) instrument on the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) provides global measurements of elevation, and repeats measurements along nearly-identical tracks; its primary mission is to measure changes in ice volume (mass balance) over time. This digital elevation model (DEM) of Greenland is derived from GLAS/ICESat laser altimetry profile data and provides new surface elevation grids of the ice sheets and coastal areas, with greater latitudinal extent and fewer slope-related effects than radar altimetry. This DEM is generated from the first seven operational periods (from February 2003 through June 2005) of the GLAS instrument. It is provided on polar stereographic grids at 1 km grid spacing. The grid covers all of Greenland south of 83° N. Elevations are reported as centimeters above the datums, relative to both the WGS 84 ellipsoid and the EGM96 geoid, in two separate elevation data files. A data quality map of the interpolation distance is distributed in addition to the elevation data. ENVI header files are also provided. The data are in 4-byte (long) signed integer binary files (big endian byte order) and are available via FTP.

This dataset contains ice velocities for the Greenland margin for winter 1995-1996, which have been produced by the ESA Greenland Ice Sheet Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. The data were derived from intensity-tracking of ERS-2 data acquired between 03-09-1995 and 29-03-1996. It provides components of the ice velocity and the magnitude of the velocity. The data are provided on a polar stereographic grid (EPSG3413: Latitude of true scale 70N, Reference Longitude 45E). The horizontal velocity is provided in true meters per day, towards the EASTING(x) and NORTHING(y) directions of the grid; the vertical displacement (z), derived from a digital elevation model, is also provided. Please note that previous versions of this product provided the horizontal velocities as true East and North velocities. Both a single NetCDF file (including all measurements and annotation), and separate geotiff files with the velocity components are provided. The product was generated by DTU Space - Microwaves and Remote Sensing. For further information please see the product user guide. Please note - this product was released on the Greenland Ice Sheets download page in June 2016, but an earlier product (also accidentally labelled v1.1) was available through the CCI Open Data Portal and the CEDA archive until 29th November 2016. Please now use the later v1.1 product.

This dataset contains elevation change grids (Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) of Difference) for Greenland's periphery subtracting the AeroDEM (Korsgaard et al., 2016) elevation data from the ArcticDEM (Porter et al., 2023). Four timestamps are available given the four nominal years for AeroDEM acquisition (1978, 1981, 1985, 1987).

The .tif files are the first order filtered DoDs (DEM of Difference) of the entire periphery prior to subsequent empiracle rule filtering and clipping to peripheral ice cap and glacier ablation areas.

Korsgaard, N.J., Nuth, C., Khan, S.A., Kjeldsen, K.K., Bjørk, A.A., Schomacker, A. and Kjær, K.H., 2016. Digital elevation model and orthophotographs of Greenland based on aerial photographs from 1978–1987. Scientific Data, 3(1), pp.1-15.

Porter, Claire, et al., 2023, “ArcticDEM, Version 4.1”, https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/3VDC4W, Harvard Dataverse, V1

Cloud

This dataset contains ice velocities for the Greenland Northern Drainage Basin for winter 1991-1992, which have been produced as part of the ESA Greenland Ice Sheet Climate Change Initiative (CCI) project. The data has been derived from intensity-tracking of ERS-1 Ice phase (3 days repeat) data aquired between 29th December 1991 and 22nd March 1992. The data are provided on a polar stereographic grid (EPSG3413: Latitude of true scale 70N, Reference Longitude 45E). The horizontal velocity is provided in true meters per day, towards EASTING(x) and NORTHING(y) direction of the grid, and the vertical displacement (z), derived from a digital elevation model, is also provided. (Please note that in earlier versions of this product the horizontal velocities were provided as true East and North velocities). Both a single NetCDF file (including all measurements and annotation), and separate geotiff files with the velocity components are provided. The product was generated by DTU Space - Microwaves and Remote Sensing. Please note - this product was released on the Greenland Ice Sheets download page in June 2016, but an earlier product (also accidentally labelled v1.1) was available through the CCI Open Data Portal and the CEDA archive until 29th November 2016. Please now use this later v1.1 product.