Iraq IQ: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 4,770.000 USD in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 5,420.000 USD for 2016. Iraq IQ: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 3,710.000 USD from Dec 1980 (Median) to 2017, with 23 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 7,030.000 USD in 1990 and a record low of 2,020.000 USD in 2006. Iraq IQ: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Iraq – Table IQ.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted average;

This layer contains Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Per Capita - the total value of goods produced and services provided, divided by the total population in each country, from 1960 to 2016, expressed in 2016 US Dollars. Expressing the GDP in "per capita" terms allows for better comparisons across countries. Total GDP is available in an accompanying layer. GDP as a measure has been largely criticized as an incomplete measure of productivity and wealth, as it does not take into account production in the informal economy, quality of life, degradation to the environment, or income distribution. However, GDP is an internationally comparable measure, used in everything from banks setting interest rates to political campaign speeches.Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators.

Sudan SD: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 2,378.610 USD in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 2,140.000 USD for 2016. Sudan SD: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 420.000 USD from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2017, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,378.610 USD in 2017 and a record low of 130.000 USD in 1964. Sudan SD: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Sudan – Table SD.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted Average;

Graph and download economic data for Gross National Income for Yemen (MKTGNIYEA646NWDB) from 1990 to 2018 about Yemen, GNI, and income.

The World Development Indicators (WDI) is the primary World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially-recognized international sources. It presents the most current and accurate global development data available, and includes national, regional and global estimates. Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of…

This map contains Gross Domestic Product - the total value of goods produced and services provided - by country, per capita in 2016, expressed in 2016 US Dollars. Expressing the GDP in "per capita" terms allows for better comparisons across countries. Total GDP is available in an accompanying map. GDP as a measure has been largely criticized as an incomplete measure of productivity and wealth, as it does not take into account production in the informal economy, quality of life, degradation to the environment, or income distribution. However, GDP is an internationally comparable measure, used in everything from banks setting interest rates to political campaign speeches.Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators.

Graph and download economic data for Gross National Income for Burundi (MKTGNIBIA646NWDB) from 1960 to 2024 about Burundi, GNI, and income.

Costa Rica CR: GDP: % of GDP: Gross Value Added: Agriculture data was reported at 4.352 % in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.150 % for 2019. Costa Rica CR: GDP: % of GDP: Gross Value Added: Agriculture data is updated yearly, averaging 15.787 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2020, with 61 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 26.352 % in 1960 and a record low of 4.150 % in 2019. Costa Rica CR: GDP: % of GDP: Gross Value Added: Agriculture data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Costa Rica – Table CR.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Share of GDP. Agriculture corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-5 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted average; Note: Data for OECD countries are based on ISIC, revision 4.

Luxembourg LU: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 70,260.000 USD in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 71,590.000 USD for 2016. Luxembourg LU: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 30,185.000 USD from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2017, with 56 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 88,240.000 USD in 2008 and a record low of 1,630.000 USD in 1962. Luxembourg LU: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Luxembourg – Table LU.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted Average;

Tonga TO: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 4,010.000 USD in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 4,060.000 USD for 2016. Tonga TO: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 2,100.000 USD from Jun 1983 (Median) to 2017, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,360.000 USD in 2014 and a record low of 690.000 USD in 1984. Tonga TO: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Tonga – Table TO.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted Average;

Key information about Qatar Gross National Product (GNP)

• Qatar Gross National Product (GNP) was reported at 206.929 USD bn in Dec 2023.
• This records a decrease from the previous number of 227.482 USD bn for Dec 2022.
• Qatar Gross National Product (GNP) data is updated yearly, averaging 9.749 USD bn from Dec 1970 to 2023, with 54 observations.
• The data reached an all-time high of 227.482 USD bn in 2022 and a record low of 287.784 USD mn in 1970.

• Qatar Gross National Product (GNP) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data.
• The World Bank provides annual Gross National Product in USD.

Chad TD: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 670.000 USD in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 660.000 USD for 2022. Chad TD: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 220.000 USD from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2023, with 62 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 940.000 USD in 2014 and a record low of 110.000 USD in 1964. Chad TD: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Chad – Table TD.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.;World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.;Weighted average;

Australia GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 63,150.000 USD in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 60,710.000 USD for 2022. Australia GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 18,750.000 USD from Dec 1962 (Median) to 2023, with 62 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 66,080.000 USD in 2013 and a record low of 1,870.000 USD in 1962. Australia GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Australia – Table AU.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.;World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.;Weighted average;

United Kingdom UK: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data was reported at 40,530.000 USD in 2017. This records a decrease from the previous number of 42,370.000 USD for 2016. United Kingdom UK: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data is updated yearly, averaging 21,055.000 USD from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2017, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 48,420.000 USD in 2008 and a record low of 2,440.000 USD in 1970. United Kingdom UK: GDP: USD: Gross National Income per Capita: Atlas Method data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.World Bank: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI per capita (formerly GNP per capita) is the gross national income, converted to U.S. dollars using the World Bank Atlas method, divided by the midyear population. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI, calculated in national currency, is usually converted to U.S. dollars at official exchange rates for comparisons across economies, although an alternative rate is used when the official exchange rate is judged to diverge by an exceptionally large margin from the rate actually applied in international transactions. To smooth fluctuations in prices and exchange rates, a special Atlas method of conversion is used by the World Bank. This applies a conversion factor that averages the exchange rate for a given year and the two preceding years, adjusted for differences in rates of inflation between the country, and through 2000, the G-5 countries (France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States). From 2001, these countries include the Euro area, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted Average;

Azerbaijan Gross National Income: Linked Series data was reported at 117,768.400 AZN mn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 124,988.500 AZN mn for 2022. Azerbaijan Gross National Income: Linked Series data is updated yearly, averaging 20,358.850 AZN mn from Dec 1990 (Median) to 2023, with 34 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 124,988.500 AZN mn in 2022 and a record low of 0.293 AZN mn in 1990. Azerbaijan Gross National Income: Linked Series data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Azerbaijan – Table AZ.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Nominal. GNI (formerly GNP) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years. Data are in local currency, at current prices.;World Bank staff estimates based on World Bank national accounts data archives, OECD National Accounts, and the IMF WEO database.;;

Graph and download economic data for Gross National Income for Morocco (MKTGNIMAA646NWDB) from 1960 to 2024 about Morocco, GNI, and income.

United States US: GDP: Growth: Exports of Goods and Services data was reported at -0.329 % in 2016. This records a decrease from the previous number of 0.410 % for 2015. United States US: GDP: Growth: Exports of Goods and Services data is updated yearly, averaging 6.733 % from Dec 1971 (Median) to 2016, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.850 % in 1973 and a record low of -8.794 % in 2009. United States US: GDP: Growth: Exports of Goods and Services data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Annual Growth Rate. Annual growth rate of exports of goods and services based on constant local currency. Aggregates are based on constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world. They include the value of merchandise, freight, insurance, transport, travel, royalties, license fees, and other services, such as communication, construction, financial, information, business, personal, and government services. They exclude compensation of employees and investment income (formerly called factor services) and transfer payments.; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; Weighted average;

Graph and download economic data for Constant GDP per capita for Lower Middle Income Countries (NYGDPPCAPKDLMC) from 1960 to 2024 about per capita, income, and GDP.

Ghana GH: GDP: % of GDP: Gross National Expenditure data was reported at 110.802 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 107.183 % for 2016. Ghana GH: GDP: % of GDP: Gross National Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 107.791 % from Dec 1960 (Median) to 2017, with 58 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 125.273 % in 2005 and a record low of 94.494 % in 1972. Ghana GH: GDP: % of GDP: Gross National Expenditure data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ghana – Table GH.World Bank.WDI: Gross Domestic Product: Share of GDP. Gross national expenditure (formerly domestic absorption) is the sum of household final consumption expenditure (formerly private consumption), general government final consumption expenditure (formerly general government consumption), and gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment).; ; World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.; ;

This map is adapted from the outstanding work of Dr. Joseph Kerski at ESRI. A map of political, social, and economic indicators for 2010. Created at the Data Analysis and Social Inquiry Lab at Grinnell College by Megan Schlabaugh, April Chen, and Adam Lauretig.Data from Freedom House, the Center for Systemic Peace, and the World Bank.Shapefile:Weidmann, Nils B., Doreen Kuse, and Kristian Skrede Gleditsch. 2010. The Geography of the International System: The CShapes Dataset. International Interactions 36 (1).Field Descriptions:

Variable Name Variable Description Years Available Further Description Source

TotPop Total Population 2011 Population of the country/region World Bank

GDPpcap GDP per capita (current USD) 2011 A measure of the total output of a country that takes the gross domestic product (GDP) and divides it by the number of people in the country. The per capita GDP is especially useful when comparing one country to another because it shows the relative performance of the countries. World Bank

GDPpcapPPP GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP) 2011

World Bank

HDI Human Development Index (HDI) 2011 A tool developed by the United Nations to measure and rank countries' levels of social and economic development based on four criteria: Life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling and gross national income per capita. The HDI makes it possible to track changes in development levels over time and to compare development levels in different countries. World Bank

LifeExpct Life expectancy at birth 2011 The probable number of years a person will live after a given age, as determined by mortality in a specific geographic area. World Bank

MyrSchool Mean years of schooling 2011 Years that a 25-year-old person or older has spent in schools World Bank

ExpctSch Expected years of schooling 2011 Number of years of schooling that a child of school entrance age can expect to receive if prevailing patterns of age-specific enrolment rates persist throughout the child’s life. World Bank

GNIpcap Gross National Income (GNI) per capita 2011 Gross national income (GNI) is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. GNI per capita is gross national income divided by mid-year population. World Bank

GNIpcapHDI GNI per capita rank minus HDI rank 2011

World Bank

NaIncHDI Nonincome HDI
2011

World Bank

15+LitRate Adult (15+) literacy rate (%). Total 2010

UNESCO

EmplyAgr Employment in Agriculture 2009

World Bank

GDPenergy GDP per unit of energy use 2010 The PPP GDP per kilogram of oil equivalent of energy use. World Bank

GDPgrowth GDP growth (annual %) 2011

World Bank

GDP GDP (current USD) 2011

World Bank

ExptGDP Exports of Goods and Service (% GDP) 2011 The value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the world World Bank

ImprtGDP Imports of Goods and Service (% GDP) 2011 The value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. World Bank

AgrGDP Agriculture, Value added (% GDP) 2011 Agriculture corresponds to ISIC divisions 1-5 and includes forestry, hunting, and fishing, as well as cultivation of crops and livestock production. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. World Bank

FDI Foreign Direct Investment, net (current USD) 2011 Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. World Bank

GNIpcap GNI per capita PP 2011 GNI per capita based on purchasing power parity (PPP). PPP GNI is gross national income (GNI) converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates. An international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. GNI is the sum of value added by all resident producers plus any product taxes (less subsidies) not included in the valuation of output plus net receipts of primary income (compensation of employees and property income) from abroad. World Bank

Inflatn Inflation, Consumer Prices (annual %) 2011 Inflation as measured by the consumer price index reflects the annual percentage change in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals, such as yearly. World Bank

InfltnGDP Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) 2011 Inflation as measured by the annual growth rate of the GDP implicit deflator shows the rate of price change in the economy as a whole. The GDP implicit deflator is the ratio of GDP in current local currency to GDP in constant local currency. World Bank

PctWomParl % women in national parliament 2010

United Nations

IntnetUser Internet Users, per 100 peple 2011 Internet users are people with access to the worldwide network. World Bank

HIVPrevlnc Estimated HIV Prevalence% - (Ages 15-49) 2009 Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV. UNAIDS estimates. UNAIDS

AgrLand Agricultural land (% of land area) 2009 Agricultural land refers to the share of land area that is arable, under permanent crops, and under permanent pastures. World Bank

AidRecPP Aid received per person (current US$) 2010 Net official development assistance (ODA) per capita consists of disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies of the members of the Development Assistance Committee (DAC), by multilateral institutions, and by non-DAC countries to promote economic development and welfare in countries and territories in the DAC list of ODA recipients; and is calculated by dividing net ODA received by the midyear population estimate. It includes loans with a grant element of at least 25 percent (calculated at a rate of discount of 10 percent). World Bank

AlcohAdul Alcohol consumption per adult (15+) in litres 2008 Liters of pure alcohol, computed as the sum of alcohol production and imports, less alcohol exports, divided by the adult population (aged 15 years and older). World Health Organization

ArmyPct Military expenditure (% of central government expenditure) 2008 Military expenditures data from SIPRI are derived from the NATO definition, which includes all current and capital expenditures on the armed forces, including peacekeeping forces; defense ministries and other government agencies engaged in defense projects; paramilitary forces, if these are judged to be trained and equipped for military operations; and military space activities. Such expenditures include military and civil personnel, including retirement pensions of military personnel and social services for personnel; operation and maintenance; procurement; military research and development; and military aid (in the military expenditures of the donor country). World Development Indicators (World Bank)

TFR Total Fertility Rate 2011 The average number of children that would be born per woman if all women lived to the end of their childbearing years and bore children according to a given fertility rate at each age. This indicator shows the potential for population change in a country. World Bank

CO2perUSD CO2 kg per USD 2008 Carbon dioxide emissions are those stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. World Bank

ExpdtrPrim Expenditure per student, primary (% of GDP per capita) 2008 Public expenditure per pupil as a % of GDP per capita. Primary is the total public expenditure per student in primary education as a percentage of GDP per capita. Public expenditure (current and capital) includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration as well as subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities). World Bank

ExpdtrSecd Expenditure per student, secondary (% of GDP per capita) 2008 Public expenditure per pupil as a % of GDP per capita. Secondary is the total public expenditure per student in secondary education as a percentage of GDP per capita. World Bank

ExpdtrTert Expenditure per student, tertiary (% of GDP per capita) 2008 Public expenditure per pupil as a % of GDP per capita. Tertiary is the total public expenditure per student in tertiary education as a percentage of GDP per capita. World Bank

FDIoutf Foreign direct investment, net outflows (% of GDP) 2010 Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net outflows of investment from the