The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. This data file has all cases and variables asked on the 2022 GSS.

The 2022 cross-sectional General Social Survey has been updated to Release Version 3a as of May 2024. This Release includes the addition of an oversample of minorities (based on the AmeriSpeak® Panel), household composition and respondent selection data, and post-stratified weights for all years of the GSS.

To download syntax files for the GSS that reproduce well-known religious group recodes, including RELTRAD, please visit the "/research/syntax-repository-list" Target="_blank">ARDA's Syntax Repository.

The General Social Survey (GSS) conducts basic scientific research on the structure and development of American society with a data-collection program designed to both monitor societal change within the United States and to compare the United States to other nations. Begun in 1972, the GSS contains a standard 'core' of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Many of the core questions have remained unchanged since 1972 to facilitate time-trend studies as well as replication of earlier findings.

The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. This data file has all cases and variables asked on the 2014 GSS. There are a total of 3,842 cases in the data set but their initial sampling years vary because the GSS now contains panel cases. Sampling years can be identified with the variable SAMPTYPE.

To download syntax files for the GSS that reproduce well-known religious group recodes, including RELTRAD, please visit the "/research/syntax-repository-list" Target="_blank">ARDA's Syntax Repository.

Since 1972, the General Social Survey (GSS) has been monitoring societal change and studying the growing complexity of American society. The GSS aims to gather data on contemporary American society in order to monitor and explain trends and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes; to examine the structure and functioning of society in general as well as the role played by relevant subgroups; to compare the United States to other societies in order to place American society in comparative perspective and develop cross-national models of human society; and to make high-quality data easily accessible to scholars, students, policy makers, and others, with minimal cost and waiting. GSS questions include such items as national spending priorities, marijuana use, crime and punishment, race relations, quality of life, and confidence in institutions. Since 1988, the GSS has also collected data on sexual behavior including number of sex partners, frequency of intercourse, extramarital relationships, and sex with prostitutes. In 1985 the GSS co-founded the International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The ISSP has conducted an annual cross-national survey each year since then and has involved 58 countries and interviewed over one million respondents. The ISSP asks an identical battery of questions in all countries; the U.S. version of these questions is incorporated into the GSS. The 2016 GSS added in new variables covering information regarding social media use, suicide, hope and optimism, arts and culture, racial/ethnic identity, flexibility of work, spouses work and occupation, home cohabitation, and health.

The China GSS is an annual or biannual questionnaire survey of China's urban and rural households aiming to monitor systematically the changing relationship between social structure and quality of life in urban and rural China. The objectives of the China GSS are: (1) to gather longitudinal data on social trends; (2) to address issues of theoretical and practical significance; and (3) to serve as a global resource for the international scholarly community. Includes: labour force activity, demographic variables, household size and composition, ethnicity of R and parents, mobility, dwelling, income, expenditures and facilities, education, military service, etc. 1 data file (1,000 logical records) & accompanying documentation (5 pdf files) in both English and Chinese characters.

The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. This data file has all cases and variables asked on the 2018 GSS.

The 2018 cross-sectional General Social Survey has been updated as of June 2024. This release includes additional interview-specific variables and survey weights. Please check the "https://gss.norc.org/" Target="_blank">NORC website for any future updates on this file.

To download syntax files for the GSS that reproduce well-known religious group recodes, including RELTRAD, please visit the "/research/syntax-repository-list" Target="_blank">ARDA's Syntax Repository.

Abstract (en): The East Asian Social Survey (EASS) is a biennial social survey project that serves as a cross-national network of the following four General Social Survey type surveys in East Asia: Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), Japanese General Social Survey (JGSS), Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS), and comparatively examines diverse aspects of social life in these regions. Survey information in this module focuses on leisure and recreational activities, as well as cultural norms and expectations of respondents. Specific questions were asked pertaining to how often respondents watched certain types of movies, dramas, and other forms of entertainment, as well as what country this entertainment was in. Other information collected includes opinion questions, such as qualities preferred in friends, family responsibilities and roles, as well as taste in music, and feelings of closeness to one's country, city or town, and East Asia. Other topics include sources of international news and discussion frequency, countries or regions traveled, as well as where acquaintances live. Additionally, respondents were asked how accepting they would be of people from other countries as coworkers, neighbors, and in marriage. Information was collected regarding foreign practices, whether the respondent was working for a foreign capital company, and the economic environment. Respondents were also asked to provide their family members' and acquaintances' occupations, as well as assess their own proficiency when reading, speaking, and writing in English. Demographic information specific to the respondent and their spouse includes age, sex, marital status, education, employment status and hours worked, occupation, earnings and income, religion, class, size of community, and region. The purpose of this study was to provide students and scholars in the social science community with integrated East Asian Social Survey datasets collected by coordinated efforts of the participating institutions in China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. For information on study design, users should refer to the Original P.I. Documentation in the ICPSR Codebook, as well as visit the East Asian Social Survey (EASS) Web site. This data collection contains weight variables that should be used during analysis. Please refer to the Original P.I. Documentation as well as visit the East Asian Social Survey (EASS) Web site for more information on weighting. ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection: Created online analysis version with question text.; Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.. Response Rates: Response rates for each of the four countries' social surveys (China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan) are the following: China - 47.77 percent (6,300 initial sample size; 3,010 respondents), Japan - 54.0 percent or 60.6 percent by Japanese General Social Survey official formula (4,003 initial sample size; 2,160 respondents), South Korea - 61.0 percent (2,500 initial sample size; 1,508 respondents), and Taiwan - 44.93 percent (4,601 initial sample size; 2,067 respondents). Cross-national network of adult respondents in East Asia that have participated in the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), the Japanese General Social Survey (JGSS), the Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), and the Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS). Smallest Geographic Unit: county For information on sampling, users should refer to the Original P.I. Documentation in the ICPSR Codebook, as well as visit the East Asian Social Survey (EASS) Web site. 2014-05-01 Revisions of the earnings and household income variables were made by the PI from categorical to continuous. face-to-face interview, self-enumerated questionnaireThe East Asian Social Survey (EASS) is based on Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), Japanese General Social Survey (JGSS), Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), and Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS), and is distributed by the East Asia Social Survey Data Archive (EASSDA).Please refer to these related data collections featuring other modules of the East Asian Social Survey (EASS): ICPSR 34606, EAST ASIAN...

The two primary objectives of the General Social Survey (GSS) are: to gather data on social trends in order to monitor changes in the living conditions and well being of Canadians over time; and to provide information on specific social policy issues of current or emerging interest. This survey collects information on the nature and extent of criminal victimization in Canada. Core content is designed to measure changes in society related to living conditions and well-being and to supply data to inform specific policy issues. This includes variables relating to: perceptions, history and risk, crime prevention, criminal victimization, abuse by spouse/partner, sexual violence, crime reports, internet victimization and various demographic variables of the respondent. Cycle 23 is the fifth cycle of the GSS to collect data on victimization. Previous cycles were conducted in 1988, 1993, 1999 and 2004.

The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. The 1994 GSS featured special modules on family mobility and multiculturalism. Items on religion cover denominational affiliation, church attendance, religious upbringing, personal beliefs, and religious experiences.

To download syntax files for the GSS that reproduce well-known religious group recodes, including RELTRAD, please visit the "/research/syntax-repository-list" Target="_blank">ARDA's Syntax Repository.

ALLBUS (GGSS - the German General Social Survey) is a biennial trend survey based on random samples of the German population. Established in 1980, its mission is to monitor attitudes, behavior, and social change in Germany. Each ALLBUS cross-sectional survey consists of one or two main question modules covering changing topics, a range of supplementary questions and a core module providing detailed demographic information. Additionally, data on the interview and the interviewers are provided as well. Key topics generally follow a 10-year replication cycle, many individual indicators and item batteries are replicated at shorter intervals.

Since the mid-1980ies ALLBUS also regularly hosts one or two modules of the ISSP (International Social Survey Programme).

The main question module of ALLBUS/GGSS 2018 covers political attitudes and political participation (including trust, populism, political knowledge, attitudes towards democracy). Other topics include use of media, social inequality and social capital, national pride and right-wing-extremism, and attitudes relating to the process of German unification. Additionally included are the ISSP modules “Social networks II” and “Religion IV”.

Topics:

1.) Economy: assessments of the present and future economic situation in Germany, assessment of present and future personal economic situation.

2.) Use of media: frequency and overall time of watching television; frequency of watching news programs on public and private channels respectively; frequency of reading a daily newspaper per week; frequency of using the Internet for political information.

3.) Politics: Political attitudes: Party inclination, political interest, self-placement on left-right continuum, placement of political parties on a left-right-continuum likelihood of voting for different political parties, postmaterialism (importance of law and order, fighting rising prices, free expression of opinions, and influence on governmental decisions); attitudes towards refugees, support for demanding more adaptation of immigrants to German customs and practices, for less government interference in the economy, for stricter environmental protection measures, for a ban on same-sex marriages, for the preferential treatment of women with regard to job applications and promotions, for harsher punishment of criminals, for making social security government´s top priority, for a redistribution of income in favor of the common people; for the view that immigrants are good for the economy, for access to abortion without legal limitations, for more global free trade, for stopping the influx of refugees;

Political participation: personal participation or willingness to participate in selected forms of protest, norms for political participation (citizens should voice their political discontent, participation in the vote is a civic duty, acceptability of political violence, plebiscites are a necessary part of democracy, everybody should keep up with politics);

Political self-efficacy: assessment of own capability and that of the majority of people with regard to working in apolitical group, too much complexity in politics, perception of politicians’ attitude toward the people, personal and average citizen´s level of political knowledge; Confidence in public institutions and organizations: public health service, federal constitutional court, federal parliament (Bundestag), city or municipal administration, judiciary, television, newspapers, universities, federal government, the police, political parties, European Commission, European Parliament;

Populism scale: members of parliament must only be bound to the will of the people, politicians talk too much and do too little, ordinary citizens would make better representatives than professional politicians, political compromise is a betrayal of principles, the people should make the important political decisions, the people agree on what needs to happen politically, politicians only care about the rich and powerful;

Attitudes towards democracy: support for the idea of democracy, political support (satisfaction with democracy in Germany, satisfaction with the performance of the federal government), necessity and role of the political opposition, freedom of expression, necessity and role of political parties, all democratic parties should have the chance of getting into government, social conflicts and the common good, media influence on the formation of political opinion, satisfac...

We obtained the same data as Oishi, Kesebir, and Diener (2011): Gini coefficients for income inequality from the U.S. Census Bureau, and the other variables from the General Social Survey. Besides the variables that the authors use - HAPPY (level of happiness), YEAR (year in which respondents participated in the survey), FAIR (how fair is society), TRUST (how trustworthy are other people) and Gini coefficients - we include other variables that they include in their multilevel multigroup analysis, but not in the main effect model or mediation analysis model: MARITAL (marital status), RACE (respondent's race), REALINC (reported income of the respondents in adjusted 1986 dollars), AGE (respondent's age), and SEX (respondent's gender). Variables were recoded to appropriately indicate NAs according to the GSS Codebook.

Mündliche Befragung mit standardisiertem Fragebogen

Abstract

The Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS7) primarily focused on consumption poverty and inequality in Ghana. It also examined some poverty-related issues such as asset ownership and access to services and human development. The GLSS7 survey analyzed macroeconomic developments in the country since 2005, focusing on growth in gross domestic product (GDP), trends in inflation, balance of payments, and public expenditures.

In the previous survey in 2012/13, a new consumption basket was derived, and this produced new poverty lines and a new set of items to be included in the welfare measurement. A review of this basket reveals that there is no drastic change in the consumption pattern, and therefore the basket was maintained for the current survey. GLSS7 examined the pattern of poverty in Ghana since 2005 based on the 2012/13 basket.

The data collection for the survey was carried out by the Ghana Statistical Service (GSS). A nationally representative sample of about 15,000 households, in 1,000 Enumeration Areas (EAs), was interviewed over a period of 12 months. The specific objectives of the GLSS7 survey were:

• To provide information on patterns of household's consumption and expenditure at a lower level of disaggregation.
• To provide the basis for the construction of a new basket for the next re-basing of the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
• To provide information for updating national accounts.
• To provide information on household access and use of financial services.
• To provide information that will enable credible comparison between growth rates in the northern savannah ecological zone and those in the southern ecological zone of Ghana.
• To provide information on the systematic monitoring of the extent of poverty reduction in the northern savannah ecological zone.
• To estimate the number of persons in the labour force (Employed, Under-employed and Unemployed) and their disaggregation by sex, major age-groups, educational level, geographical and rural/ urban spread, as well as the ecological manifestations of these, in particular, the northern savannah ecological zone which is a known source of migrant and child labour.
• To estimate the number of child workers (or children engaged in economic activities) 5-17 years, and its disaggregation by sex, age-groups, educational status, geographical location, ecological and locality of residence.
• To identify the distribution of both adult workers and children in economic activity by status in employment, occupation and industry, hours worked in a week, location of place of work, earnings, occupational injury and hazards at the work place, contractual status, and sector of employment.
• To provide data needed for progress monitoring of labour policies, programs and law-making.
• To provide indicators and up-to-date information for assessing the Agriculture situation.
• To provide data needed for monitoring progress towards the elimination of Worst Forms of Child Labour (WFCL).
• To estimate the prevalence of child labour (as distinct from children in employment of which child labour is a subset).
• To identify the causes and consequences of child labour in terms of socio-economic factors.
• To establish a national database on decent work indicators, including Labour Force and Child Labour statistics.
• To help set targets and priorities in the fight against child labour.
• To assess the nature and extent of child labour in Ghana.

Geographic coverage

National

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual
• Community

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

A nationally representative sample of households was selected in order to achieve the survey objectives. After the selection of EAs and before the main survey, a household listing operation was carried out in all the selected EAs. The household listing operation consists of visiting each of the 1,000 selected EAs to record all structures and households within the EAs with the addresses and the names of the heads of the households using Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI). The listed households served as the sampling frame for the selection of 15 households in the second stage selection for the main survey using a systematic sampling method.

There was a two-stage sampling procedure. In the first stage enumeration areas (EAs) were selected based on the 2010 Population and Housing Census, with probability proportional to size (number of households). At the second stage a fixed number of households were selected by systematic sampling within each of the selected EAs.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

The GLSS was comprised of the following questionnaires: 1. Household Questionnaire Module A 2. Household Questionnaire Module B 3. Section 13: Governance, Peace, Security and Data protection 4. Price Data Questionnaire 5. Community Questionnaire 6. Non- farm Enterprise Questionnaire

The National Congregations Study (NCS) dataset fills a void in the sociological study of congregations by providing data that can be used to draw a nationally aggregate picture of congregations. Thanks to innovations in sampling techniques, the 1998 NCS data was the first nationally representative sample of American congregations. Subsequent NCS waves were conducted in 2006-07, 2012, and 2018-19.

Like Wave II, Wave IV again included a panel component. In addition to the new cross-section of congregations generated in conjunction with the 2018 GSS, the NCS-IV included all Wave III congregations that were nominated by GSS respondents who participated in the GSS for the first time in 2012. That is, the panel did not include Wave III congregations that had been nominated by GSS respondents who were in the 2012 GSS because they were part of the GSS's own panel of re-interviewees. The 2018-19 NCS, then, includes a subset of congregations that also were interviewed in 2012. A full codebook, prepared by the primary investigator and containing a section with details about the panel datasets, is available for download "https://sites.duke.edu/ncsweb/files/2020/09/NCS-I-IV-Cumulative-Codebook_FINAL_8Sept2020.pdf" Target="_blank">here. The codebook contains the original questionnaire, as well as detailed information on survey methodology, weights, coding, and more.

The "/data-archive?fid=NCSIV" Target="_blank">NCS Cumulative Dataset is also available from the ARDA.

The National Congregations Study (NCS) dataset "fills a void in the sociological study of congregations by providing, for the first time, data that can be used to draw a nationally aggregate picture of congregations" (Chaves et al. 1999, p.460). Thanks to innovations in sampling techniques, the NCS data is the first nationally representative sample of American congregations. In 2006-07, a panel component was added to the NCS. In addition to the new cross-section of congregations generated in conjunction with the 2006 General Social Survey (GSS), a stratified random sample was drawn from congregations who participated in the 1998 NCS. A full codebook, prepared by the primary investigator, is available for download "https://sites.duke.edu/ncsweb/" Target="_blank">here. The codebook contains the original questionnaire, as well as detailed information on survey methodology, weights, coding, and more.

Variable names have been shortened to allow for downloading of the data set as an SPSS portable file. Original variable names are shown in parentheses at the beginning of each variable description.

The "/data-archive?fid=NCSIV" Target="_blank">NCS Cumulative Dataset is also available from the ARDA.