We have all agreed that it is important for us to know how data are used and to increase our confidence with data documentation, statistical packages, and different (complex) data products. The vote this year? General Social Survey (GSS) data with multiple files!

The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the "https://www.norc.org/Pages/default.aspx" Target="_blank">National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. The 2016-2020 GSS consisted of re-interviews of respondents from the 2016 and 2018 Cross-Sectional GSS rounds. All respondents from 2018 were fielded, but a random subsample of the respondents from 2016 were released for the 2020 panel. Cross-sectional responses from 2016 and 2018 are labelled Waves 1A and 1B, respectively, while responses from the 2020 re-interviews are labelled Wave 2.

The 2016-2020 GSS Wave 2 Panel also includes a collaboration between the General Social Survey (GSS) and the "https://electionstudies.org/" Target="_blank">American National Election Studies (ANES). The 2016-2020 GSS Panel Wave 2 contained a module of items proposed by the ANES team, including attitudinal questions, feelings thermometers for presidential candidates, and plans for voting in the 2020 presidential election. These respondents appear in both the ANES post-election study and the 2016-2020 GSS panel, with their 2020 GSS responses serving as their equivalent pre-election data. Researchers can link the relevant GSS Panel Wave 2 data with ANES post-election data using either ANESID (in the GSS Panel Wave 2 datafile) or V200001 in the ANES 2020 post-election datafile.

INTRODUCTION. GSS has run annually since 1972; it surveys a representative sample of the adult population in the American society; It is widely used by politicians, policy makers, and researchers. in order to monitor and explain trends and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes. and asks questions about standard core of demographics, beliefs about social and political issues, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Among the topics covered are civil liberties, crime and violence, intergroup tolerance, morality, national spending priorities, psychological well-being, social ‎mobility, and stress and traumatic events. Altogether the GSS is the single best source for sociological and attitudinal trend data covering the United States. It allows researchers to examine the structure and functioning of society in general as well as the role played by relevant subgroups and to compare the United States to other nations. Source http://gss.norc.org/About-The-GSS About the Data The survey is conducted face-to-face with an in-person interview by National Opinion ‎Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago. However, participation in the study is strictly voluntary. Therefore, study based on the GSS sample data is: • generalizable to the target population if we ignore the non-response bias; • definitely not causal, because the study does not employ random assignments and is only observational.

Research Question As for the research question, I'm interested in exploring the relationship between people's job preference and their education status, using latest data. More specifically, are people's preference in a job (like job security, high income, short working hours etc.) associated with their highest degree received? Motivation: Aside from sleeping, working is the activity that takes away the most of our lifetime hours and has a huge impact on people's well-being and happiness. I would be really interested in the factors that determines peoples' attitude toward job.

Reading the data. The data we’ll use is from the General Social Survey (GSS). Using the GSS Data Explorer, I selected a subset of the variables in the GSS and made it available along with this notebook. The survey contains more that 5000 of variables with data on a wide range of subjects, I have selected just a few.

The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the "https://www.norc.org/Pages/default.aspx" Target="_blank">National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. This GSS panel dataset has three waves of interviews: originally sampled and interviewed in 2006, interviewed for the second time in 2008, and interviewed for the third wave in 2010. This file contains those 2,000 respondents who were pre-selected among the 2006 samples and those variables that were asked at least twice in three waves. Survey items on religion include the following: religious preference, religion raised in, spouse's religious preference, frequency of religious service attendance, religious experiences, and religious salience.

The 2020 GSS on Social Identity interviewed individuals 15 years and over in Canada's ten provinces and was conducted from August 2020 to February 2021. The interviews were conducted via self-assisted electronic questionnaire (respondent EQ, or rEQ) and by telephone via interviewer-assisted electronic questionnaire (interviewer EQ, or iEQ, formerly known as Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI)). Data are subject to both sampling and non-sampling errors. These topics are discussed in detail in this guide. The 2020 SI survey is the fourth cycle of the GSS to collect data on social identity, social engagement, and social networks. The previous iteration of the survey (Cycle 27 - Social Identity) was collected in 2013, the second was Cycle 22 - Social Networks in 2008, and the first was Cycle 17 - Social Engagement in 2003.

The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the "https://www.norc.org/Pages/default.aspx" Target="_blank">National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. The 2008 GSS featured special modules on attitudes toward science and technology, self-employment, terrorism preparation, global economics, sports and leisure, social inequality, sexual behaviors and religion. Items on religion covered denominational affiliation, church attendance, religious upbringing, personal beliefs, and religious experiences.

The GSS is in transition from a replicating cross-sectional design to a design that uses rotating panels. In 2008 there were two components: a new 2008 cross-section with 2,023 cases and the first re-interviews (panel) with 1,536 respondents from the 2006 GSS. The 2,023 cases in the cross-section have been previously released as a part of the 1972-2008 cumulative data. This new release includes those 1,536 re-interviewed panel cases along with the 2,023 cases. Please note that this is not a cumulative file - those cases and variables not surveyed in 2008 are excluded. Also note that, although those 1,536 cases were from the 2006 sample, this release does not include their responses in 2006. We plan to release a data file with the previous responses in the future. This release introduces new variables that were asked only of the panel cases of the 2008 GSS. The majority of variables introduced are related to the 2007 International Social Survey Program (ISSP) module on leisure time and sports.

To download syntax files for the GSS that reproduce well-known religious group recodes, including RELTRAD, please visit the "/research/syntax-repository-list" Target="_blank">ARDA's Syntax Repository.

The General Social Surveys have been conducted during February, March, and April of 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, and 2008. There are a total of 53,043 completed interviews (1,613 in 1972, 1,504 in 1973, 1,484 in 1974, 1,490 in 1975, 1,499 in 1976, 1,530 in 1977, 1,532 in 1978, 1,468 in 1980, 1,506 in 1982, 354 in 1982 black oversample, 1,599 in 1983, 1,473 in 1984, 1, 534 in 1985, 1,470 in 1986, 1466 in 1987, 353 in 1987 black oversample, 1481 in 1988, 1,537 in 1989, 1372 in 1990, 1,517 in 1991, 1,606 in 1993, 2,904 in 1996, 2,832 in 1998, 2,817 in 2000, 2,765 in 2002, 2,812 in 2004, 4510 in 2006, and 2023 in 2008). The median length of the interview has been about one and a half hours. Each survey from 1972 to 2004 was an independently drawn sample of English-speaking persons 18 years of age or over, living in non-institutional arrangements within the United States. Starting in 2006 Spanish-speakers were added to the target population. Block quota sampling was used in 1972, 1973, and 1974 surveys and for half of the 1975 and 1976 surveys. Full probability sampling was employed in half of the 1975 and 1976 surveys and the 1977, 1978, 1980, 1982-1991, 1993-1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, and 2008 sur veys. Also, the 2004, 2006, and 2008 surveys had sub-sampled non-respondents This cumulative data set merges all 27 surveys into a single file with each year or survey acting as a subfile. This greatly simplifies the use of the General Social Surveys for both trend analysis and pooling. In addition, this cumulative data set contains newly created variables (e.g. a poverty line code). Finally, the cumulative file contains certain items never before available. In 2008 the GSS is in transition from a replicating cross-sectional design to a design that uses ro tating panels. There were two components: a new 2008 cross-section with 2,023 cases and the first reinterviews with 1,536 respondents from the 2006 GSS. In 2010 the new design will be fully implemented. There will be a new cross-section of about 2,000 cases, the first reinterviews of the 2008 GSS respondents, and the second and final reinterviews of the 2006 GSS respondents. In 2012 and later years this design will be repeated. Each GSS will thus 1) start a new 4-year/3-wave panel, 2) be in the middle of a 4-year/3-wave panel, and 3) finish a still earlier 4-year/3-wave panel.

The GSS Coding and Naming policy was implemented on 1 January 2011. This change affected all users and producers of statistics. This document contains the frequently asked questions about the policy. (File Size - 56 KB)

This file contains all of the cases and variables that are in the original 2018 General Social Survey, but is prepared for easier use in the classroom. Changes have been made in two areas. First, to avoid confusion when constructing tables or interpreting basic analysis, all missing data codes have been set to system missing. Second, many of the continuous variables have been categorized into fewer categories, and added as additional variables to the file. The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. To download syntax files for the GSS that reproduce well-known religious group recodes, including RELTRAD, please visit the ARDA's Syntax Repository.

The 2018 General Social Survey - Instructional Dataset has been updated as of June 2024. This release includes additional interview-specific variables and survey weights.

This GSS Geography Policy sets out the principles of those standards. The document provides best practice guidance on the geographic reference data to use, and how to use it so that official statistics are geographically comparable, consistent and fit for purpose. (File Size - 1 MB)

tensorplex-labs/gss-preference dataset hosted on Hugging Face and contributed by the HF Datasets community

Dataset

This dataset was created by Francesca Phanius

Contents

Abstract

The Statistical Service Law 135 of 1985 established the Ghana Statistical Service (GSS) as part of the Ghana Public Service. GSS by mandate conducts censuses and surveys and publishes socio-economic data critical for the development of the country. The GSS Microdata Catalog holds GSS micro-datasets from 1960 to the current year, disseminated as public use or research use data.

Analysis unit

Households, individuals, and establishments

Kind of data

Administrative records and survey data

Abstract

The Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS) was first conducted in 1987-1988. This nationwide survey gathered individual and household level data using a multi-purpose household questionnaire. Community level data were collected using a Community questionnaire in rural areas and a price questionnaire was used in both urban and rural areas. In 1988-89 the household, community and price questionnaires were repeated. Additional community level data were collected through a health and family planning facilities questionnaire, a pharmacy questionnaire, and a school questionnaire. Additional household and individual level data relevant to education were also collected, including testing of household members' mathematics, reading and abstract thinking skills.

The household survey contains modules (sections) to collect data on household demographic structure, housing conditions, schooling, health, employment, migration, expenditure and income, household non-agricultural businesses, agricultural activities, fertility and contraceptive use, savings and credit, and anthropometric (height and weight) measures. Half of the households in the 1988-89 phase also participated in the collection of cognitive test scores.

The individual designated by the household members as the household head provided responses to questions on general household information, or indicated which member would know the answer. If the household head was not available, a member of the household who was able to provide information on household affairs was selected. In most sections of the questionnaire, each member of the household was asked to respond for himself or herself, except that parents were allowed to respond for younger children.

The household questionnaire was completed in two interviews two weeks apart: Sections 0-8, 16A, 17A and 17C were conducted in the first interview.1 Sections 9-15, 16B and 17B were conducted in the second interview. The survey was designed so that more sensitive issues such as fertility and savings were discussed near the end. The content of each module is described in details in 'GH88BIF' document.

Geographic coverage

National Regional

Analysis unit

Individual, Household, Community, Health Facility, Pharmacy and School

Universe

The survey covered all household members in the nationally representative sample. Different sections of the instruments have individual universes.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

The methodology that was chosen reflects the purpose of the survey. To balance the desire for a large, representative sample with the expense of a long, detailed survey instrument, a sample size of 3,200 households was selected. The households were to be chosen in such a manner that each household had an equal probability of being selected. At the same time, the logistics of locating the households and conducting all interviews within a specific time frame required that the households be grouped into "workloads" of 16 households each. A final concern was that all three of the country's ecological zones (coastal, forest and savannah), and each of urban, semi-urban and rural areas (population greater than 5000, 1500 to 5000, and less than 1500, respectively) form the same proportion in the sample as they do in the national population.

To achieve the three objectives simultaneously, a stratified selection process was used. For the 1984 Census, all of Ghana was divided into approximately 13,000 enumeration areas (EAs). From this list it was determined what proportion of the 200 GLSS workloads should be selected from each of the nine zone/urban categories. Two hundred sampling areas were then selected from the enumeration areas in the sub-divided list. For each enumeration area, the probability of being selected was proportional to the number of households contained in that area.

After the 200 sampling areas were selected, households in those areas were enumerated in 1987. Therefore it was possible to take into account changes in the number of households and preserve the self-weighting nature of the sample. The 200 workloads were assigned among the 200 sampling areas with probability equal to the number of households in that area in 1987 divided by the number of households in that area in 1984 and multiplied by the total number of households in 1984 divided by the total number of households in 1987. That is, sampling areas that had greater than average increases in size had a greater than one chance of being selected.

Thus, each sampling area was assigned zero, one, two, or even three workloads of sixteen households. The households (sixteen selected and four replacement for each workload) were then chosen randomly from the household list for each sampling area. The resulting list is 3200 households and 800 replacement households in something less than 200 sampling areas (specifically 178 in 1987-88 and 170 in 1988-89). Each group of 16, 32 or 48 households within a sampling area is referred to as a cluster in the GLSS data sets and in this document.

A detailed description of the sample design could be found in the Basic Information Document in external resource.

Mode of data collection

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument

1. Household
2. Community
3. Price
4. Health and Family Planning Services
5. Drugstores, Pharmacies and Drug Vendors
6. Primary School
7. Middle/Junior Secondary School
8. Education module

Cleaning operations

The GSS data editing occurs at three levels:

1. Field editing by interviewers and supervisors
2. Office editing
3. Data cleaning and imputation

Response rate

The data contain 170 clusters, 3,192 households and 14,924 individuals. All intended clusters were surveyed, and only eight households were missed out of the 3200.

Data appraisal

The data entry was decentralized. Responses from all household questionnaires were entered in regional offices in the week between the two rounds of interviews. The data entry program performed range and consistency checks on all responses and produced lists of questions that needed to be readministered for each household in the cluster. This allowed for correction of first interview discrepancies during the second round. Each team conducted both rounds of interviews, entered the responses for 32 households, and had one week off in each five week period.

This file contains all of the cases and variables that are in the original 2016 General Social Survey, but is prepared for easier use in the classroom. Changes have been made in two areas. First, to avoid confusion when constructing tables or interpreting basic analysis, all missing data codes have been set to system missing. Second, many of the continuous variables have been categorized into fewer categories, and added as additional variables to the file.

The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies.

The 2016 General Social Survey Instructional Dataset has been updated as of October 2024. This release includes additional interview-specific variables and respondent demographic information. Please check the "/research/syntax-repository-list" Target="_blank">NORC website for any future updates on this file.

To download syntax files for the GSS that reproduce well-known religious group recodes, including RELTRAD, please visit the "/research/syntax-repository-list" Target="_blank">ARDA's Syntax Repository.

​​The GSS gathers data on contemporary American society in order to monitor and explain trends and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes. Hundreds of trends have been tracked since 1972. In addition, since the GSS adopted questions from earlier surveys, trends can be followed for up to 70 years.

The GSS contains a standard core of demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal questions, plus topics of special interest. Among the topics covered are civil liberties, crime and violence, intergroup tolerance, morality, national spending priorities, psychological well-being, social mobility, and stress and traumatic events.

Altogether the GSS is the single best source for sociological and attitudinal trend data covering the United States. It allows researchers to examine the structure and functioning of society in general as well as the role played by relevant subgroups and to compare the United States to other nations. (Source)

This dataset is a csv version of the Cumulative Data File, a cross-sectional sample of the GSS from 1972-current.

The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. This data file has all cases and variables asked on the 2018 GSS.

The 2018 cross-sectional General Social Survey has been updated as of June 2024. This release includes additional interview-specific variables and survey weights. Please check the "https://gss.norc.org/" Target="_blank">NORC website for any future updates on this file.

To download syntax files for the GSS that reproduce well-known religious group recodes, including RELTRAD, please visit the "/research/syntax-repository-list" Target="_blank">ARDA's Syntax Repository.

Since 1972, the General Social Survey (GSS) has been monitoring societal change and studying the growing complexity of American society. The GSS aims to gather data on contemporary American society in order to monitor and explain trends and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes; to examine the structure and functioning of society in general as well as the role played by relevant subgroups; to compare the United States to other societies in order to place American society in comparative perspective and develop cross-national models of human society; and to make high-quality data easily accessible to scholars, students, policy makers, and others, with minimal cost and waiting. GSS questions include such items as national spending priorities, marijuana use, crime and punishment, race relations, quality of life, and confidence in institutions. Since 1988, the GSS has also collected data on sexual behavior including number of sex partners, frequency of intercourse, extramarital relationships, and sex with prostitutes. In 1985 the GSS co-founded the International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The ISSP has conducted an annual cross-national survey each year since then and has involved 58 countries and interviewed over one million respondents. The ISSP asks an identical battery of questions in all countries; the U.S. version of these questions is incorporated into the GSS. The 2016 GSS added in new variables covering information regarding social media use, suicide, hope and optimism, arts and culture, racial/ethnic identity, flexibility of work, spouses work and occupation, home cohabitation, and health.

This dashboard provides insight into the shipping, tracking, delivery, transition to EDI/Contractor Portal etc. from Fax contractors etc.

The General Social Surveys (GSS) have been conducted by the National Opinion Research Center (NORC) annually since 1972, except for the years 1979, 1981, and 1992 (a supplement was added in 1992), and biennially beginning in 1994. The GSS are designed to be part of a program of social indicator research, replicating questionnaire items and wording in order to facilitate time-trend studies. This data file has all cases and variables asked on the 2016 GSS.

The 2016 cross-sectional General Social Survey has been updated as of October 2024. This release includes additional interview-specific variables and respondent demographic information. Please check the "https://gss.norc.org/" Target="_blank">NORC website for any future updates on this file.

To download syntax files for the GSS that reproduce well-known religious group recodes, including RELTRAD, please visit the "/research/syntax-repository-list" Target="_blank">ARDA's Syntax Repository.