The Federal Reserve's balance sheet has undergone significant changes since 2007, reflecting its response to major economic crises. From a modest *** trillion U.S. dollars at the end of 2007, it ballooned to approximately **** trillion U.S. dollars by July 2025. This dramatic expansion, particularly during the 2008 financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic - both of which resulted in negative annual GDP growth in the U.S. - showcases the Fed's crucial role in stabilizing the economy through expansionary monetary policies. Impact on inflation and interest rates The Fed's expansionary measures, while aimed at stimulating economic growth, have had notable effects on inflation and interest rates. Following the quantitative easing in 2020, inflation in the United States reached ***** percent in 2022, the highest since 1991. However, by *********, inflation had declined to *** percent. Concurrently, the Federal Reserve implemented a series of interest rate hikes, with the rate peaking at **** percent in ***********, before the first rate cut since ************** occurred in **************. Financial implications for the Federal Reserve The expansion of the Fed's balance sheet and subsequent interest rate hikes have had significant financial implications. In 2023, the Fed reported a negative net income of ***** billion U.S. dollars, a stark contrast to the ***** billion U.S. dollars profit in 2022. This unprecedented shift was primarily due to rapidly rising interest rates, which caused the Fed's interest expenses to soar to over *** billion U.S. dollars in 2023. Despite this, the Fed's net interest income on securities acquired through open market operations reached a record high of ****** billion U.S. dollars in the same year.

Gold prices dropped for the second day due to easing market concerns after Trump's remarks on China and the Fed, though gold remains over 25% up this year.

According to a survey conducted between July 9 and July 11, 2022, ** percent of Americans thought that Joe Biden was highly responsible for the current trend in the inflation rate. This is compared to ** percent of Americans who said President Biden did not have a lot of responsibility for the current inflation rate.

Inflation in the U.S. Global events in 2022 had a significant impact on the United States. Inflation rose from *** percent in January 2021 to *** percent in June 2022. Significantly higher prices of basic goods led to increased concern over the state of the economy, and the ability to cover increasing monthly costs with the same income. Low interest rates, COVID-19-related supply constraints, corporate profiteering, and strong consumer spending had already put pressure on prices before Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Despite rising wages on paper, the rapid growth of consumer prices resulted in an overall decline in real hourly earnings in the first half of 2022.

How much control does Joe Biden have over inflation? The bulk of economic performance and the inflation rate is determined by factors outside the President’s direct control, but U.S. presidents are often held accountable for it. Some of those factors are market forces, private business, productivity growth, the state of the global economy, and policies of the Federal Reserve. Although high-spending decisions such as the 2021 COVID-19 relief bill may have contributed to rising inflation rates, the bill has been seen by economists as a necessary intervention for preventing a recession at the time, as well as being of significant importance to low-income workers impacted by the pandemic.

The most important tool for curbing inflation and controlling the U.S. economy is the Federal Reserve. The Reserve has the ability to set, raise, and lower interest rates and determine the wider monetary policy for the United States – something out of the president’s control. In June 2022, the Reserve announced it would raise interest rates **** percent for the second time that year – hoisting the rate to a target range of **** to *** percent – in an attempt to slow consumer demand and balance demand with supply. However, it can often take time before the impacts of interventions by the Federal Reserve are seen in the public’s day-to-day lives. Most economists expect this wave of inflation to pass in a year to 18 months.

Graph and download economic data for All Employees, Manufacturing (MANEMP) from Jan 1939 to Jul 2025 about headline figure, establishment survey, employment, manufacturing, and USA.

The benchmark interest rate in the United States was last recorded at 4.50 percent. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Fed Funds Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Car loan interest rates in the United States decreased since mid-2024. Thus, the period of rapidly rising interest rates, when they increased from 3.85 percent in December 2021 to 7.92 percent in June 2024, has come to an end. The Federal Reserve interest rate is one of the main causes of the interest rates of loans rising or falling. If inflation stays under control, the Federal Reserve will start cutting the interest rates, which would have the effect of the cost of car loans falling too. How many cars have financing in the United States? Car financing exists because not everyone who wants or needs a car can purchase it outright. A financial institution will then lend the money to the customer for purchasing the car, which must then be repaid with interest. Most new vehicles in the United States in 2024 were purchased using car loans. It is not as common to use car loans for purchasing used vehicles as for new ones, although over a third of used vehicles were purchased using loans. The car industry in the United States The car financing business is huge in the United States, due to the high sales of both new and used vehicles in the country. A lot of the United States is very car-centric, which means that, outside large cities, it can often be difficult to do their daily commutes through other transportation methods. In fact, only a small percentage of U.S. workers used public transport to go to work. That is one of the factors that has helped establish the importance of the automotive sector in North America. Nevertheless, there are still countries in Asia-Pacific, Africa, the Middle East, and Europe with higher car-ownership rates than the United States.

Money Supply M2 in the United States increased to 21942 USD Billion in May from 21862.40 USD Billion in April of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Money Supply M2 - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This industry consists of various noncommercial building construction markets, mainly healthcare, educational, religious, governmental and recreational facilities. Government funding accounts for almost all educational and public building construction, while the private sector funds most healthcare and religious constructions. Local and state government investment has grown over the past five years, while the federal government has passed record levels of infrastructure spending, benefitting the industry. Still, interest rate hikes have raised the cost of capital, driving down demand for big projects in recent years. Revenue has grown at an expected five year CAGR of 1.1% to reach $273.0 in 2025, when revenue is set to grow 1.4% as government investment has rebounded and the Federal Reserve has begun cutting interest rates but the second Trump administration has disrupted some spending. Contractors received support from surging demand for industry-relevant healthcare construction in the years following the COVID-19 pandemic. Still second to education, the healthcare market has grown as a share of industry revenue over the past five years. The industry as a whole has made price based gains as the price of key inputs, like cement, steel and oil, increased significantly over 2021 and 2022 due to supply chain disruptions which followed the pandemic. Along with rising wage costs, this has put downward pressure on average industry profit. As construction material prices have fallen slightly from their May 2022 peak, contractors have been able to expand average profit slightly, though average industry profit has still fallen overall over the past five years. Contractors would benefit from declining interest rates through the outlook period. Companies will benefit from more contract availability, especially as local and state government investment continues to climb. The second Trump administration has targeted Biden-era spending bills, like the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, threatening public spending on municipal building construction, though some spending pauses have been legally challenged. High tariffs threaten to drive up materials costs. Still, revenue is set to climb at a CAGR of 1.5% to reach $294.6 billion in 2030.

Graph and download economic data for Unemployment Rate - Women (LNS14000002) from Jan 1948 to Jul 2025 about females, 16 years +, household survey, unemployment, rate, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Inflation, consumer prices for the United States (FPCPITOTLZGUSA) from 1960 to 2024 about consumer, CPI, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Large white, Grade A chicken eggs, sold in a carton of a dozen. Includes organic, non-organic, cage free, free range, and traditional."

Graph and download economic data for 5-Year Breakeven Inflation Rate (T5YIE) from 2003-01-02 to 2025-08-29 about spread, 5-year, interest rate, interest, inflation, rate, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Real Disposable Personal Income: Per Capita (A229RX0) from Jan 1959 to Jul 2025 about disposable, personal income, per capita, personal, income, real, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Food in U.S. City Average (CPIUFDSL) from Jan 1947 to Jul 2025 about food, urban, consumer, CPI, inflation, price index, indexes, price, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for All Employees, Motor Vehicles and Parts (CES3133600101) from Jan 1990 to Jul 2025 about parts, establishment survey, vehicles, durable goods, goods, employment, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Government subsidies: Federal: Agricultural (L312041A027NBEA) from 1960 to 2023 about subsidies, agriculture, federal, government, GDP, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for All Employees: Manufacturing in Erie, PA (MSA) (ERIE542MFGN) from Jan 1990 to Jul 2025 about Erie, PA, manufacturing, employment, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Federal government current tax receipts: Taxes on production and imports: Customs duties (B235RC1A027NBEA) from 1929 to 2024 about receipts, imports, tax, federal, production, government, GDP, and USA.

Graph and download economic data for Real Federal Consumption Expenditures and Gross Investment (FGCEC1) from Q1 2007 to Q2 2025 about investment, gross, federal, consumption expenditures, consumption, real, GDP, and USA.