In the first quarter of 2025 the unemployment rate for men in the United Kingdom was 4.4 percent, while for women it was 4.1 percent. The male unemployment rates seen in late 2020 were the highest since 2015, while the rates for women reached heights last seen in 2016. During the provided time period, the unemployment rate for men peaked in Q1 1993 at 12.7 percent, while for women the unemployment rate was highest in Q2 1984 when it was 11.8 percent. Unemployment uptick to continue? The overall unemployment rate for the UK was 4.4 percent in November 2024, which was quite low but, slightly above the record low rates seen in 2022. During that year, there was also a peak in the number of job vacancies in the UK, which reached 1.3 million in May 2022. Since that point, however, the number of vacancies has been falling, and was at its lowest level since May 2021 in January 2024, at 812,000. Current forecasts for unemployment anticipate an annual rate of 4.1 percent for 2025, although this may be revised upwards in the future. Youth unemployment in the UK The unemployment rate for people in the United Kingdom is heavily associated with age. For people aged between 16 and 24 years, for example, the unemployment rate was 14.8 percent in the third quarter of 2024, compared with just 2.3 percent for those aged between 35 and 49. As with the overall unemployment rate, young men had a higher unemployment rate at 17.7 percent, compared with 11.9 percent for young women in the third quarter of 2024.

Since 1990, the employment rate of women in the United States has stayed more or less steady, reaching a peak of 57.5 percent in 2000. In 1990, the female employment rate was 54.3 percent, and in 2024, the employment rate was 55.2. Women in the workforce There have historically been fewer women than men in the workforce. Additionally, women face many hurdles to equal treatment when they are employed, such as wage discrepancies, sexual harassment, and being expected to carry out the majority of household and family related tasks even while working full-time. Women have historically been the primary caregivers and homemakers through many cultures worldwide. Despite this, the number of women joining the workforce has increased globally. Women in history faced the additional barrier of not being able to attend university, which barred them from gaining an education and access to professional job. However, as our cultures have modernized, women have been granted equal access to university in many societies. In 2014 in the United States, the number of university degrees awarded to women exceeded that of men for the first time. In 2021, 39.1 percent of women had completed at least four years of university compared to 36.6 percent of men. Despite this, the unemployment rate of women in the United States has fluctuated significantly since 1990. In 2021, Nebraska was the state with the highest percentage of women participating in the civilian labor force, second to the District of Columbia. The wage gap Today, the wage gap is still a problem for women, although improvements have been made. There is no state in the U.S. where women earn more than men, but women in Vermont had the smallest wage gap to men in 2021. Additionally, there are no occupations in which women out-earn men, even in occupations that traditionally employ more women. A more detailed look at wage inequality in the United States can be found here.

Graph and download economic data for Unemployment Rate - Women (LNS14000002) from Jan 1948 to Jul 2025 about females, 16 years +, household survey, unemployment, rate, and USA.

The unemployment rate of the United Kingdom was 4.7 percent in May 2025, an increase from the previous month. Before the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic, the UK had relatively low levels of unemployment, comparable with the mid-1970s. Between January 2000 and the most recent month, unemployment was highest in November 2011, when the unemployment rate hit 8.5 percent. Will unemployment continue to rise in 2025? Although low by historic standards, there has been a noticeable uptick in the UK's unemployment rate, with other labor market indicators also pointing to further loosening. In December 2024, the number of job vacancies in the UK fell to its lowest level since May 2021, while payrolled employment declined by 47,000 compared with November. Whether this is a continuation of a broader cooling of the labor market since 2022 or a reaction to more recent economic developments, such as upcoming tax rises for employers, remains to be seen. Forecasts made in late 2024 suggest that the unemployment rate will remain relatively stable in 2025, averaging out at 4.1 percent and falling again to four percent in 2026.
Demographics of the unemployed As of the third quarter of 2024, the unemployment rate for men was slightly higher than that of women, at 4.4 percent, compared to 4.1 percent. During the financial crisis at the end of the 2000s, the unemployment rate for women peaked at a quarterly rate of 7.7 percent, whereas for men, the rate was 9.1 percent. Unemployment is also heavily associated with age, and young people in general are far more vulnerable to unemployment than older age groups. In late 2011, for example, the unemployment rate for those aged between 16 and 24 reached 22.3 percent, compared with 8.2 percent for people aged 25 to 34, while older age groups had even lower peaks during this time.

The average unemployment rate was six percent in Germany in 2024. Since 2005, the rate of unemployment has generally been declining, though a slight increase was evident in recent years. Unemployment in Germany and comparison with other countries Germany has a comparatively low unemployment rate compared to its European neighbors, and they are expected to stay at around three percent over the next few years. This is a result of the damage the economy suffered during the COVID-19 pandemic. During the lockdown, most businesses were closed, and many companies lost revenue meaning employees were let go. It is also possible that higher unemployment figures will continue into later years because of inflation and rising energy prices. There is also a slightly higher unemployment rate among men than there is among women. Social support Social support is money paid out to those who are unable to work for some reason, its purpose is to protect those who are most vulnerable. The status of being unemployed is defined as when an employed person is laid off, fired, or quits his work and is still looking for a job, this is what qualifies someone to receive a citizens allowance (Bürgergeld) in Germany. The payments are only made if you are unemployed and worked for the last 12 months. Otherwise, benefits are received in the form of Arbeitslosengeld II, also called Hartz IV, which distributes social payments to people without an income who cannot work to make a living. Since January 2023 though, Arbeitlosengeld has been replaced by Bürgergeld, since this is a new transition, it is still possible that people will still refer to the benefits as Arbeitlosengeld or Hartz IV.

This study examines whether innovations to macroeconomic uncertainty affect labor market outcomes for men and women differently. Three measures of uncertainty are utilized in turn within a vector autoregression (VAR) and the dynamic responses of various labor market ratios to uncertainty shocks are analyzed. These labor market ratios are the ratio of men’s to women’s median earnings, the ratio of men’s to women’s labor force participation, and the ratio of men’s to women’s unemployment. Findings reveal that increases in macroeconomic uncertainty lead to recessionary outcomes, with the unemployment rate for men rising higher than that for women. There is evidence that men’s labor force participation declines more than women’s during such shocks, but the ratio of real earnings is largely unchanged. When uncertainty is proxied by stock market volatility, most of the increase in men’s unemployment relative to women’s is due to uncertainty’s adverse impact on real GDP growth. When uncertainty is related to economic policy uncertainty, however, it is uncertainty itself that drives the higher relative unemployment rate for men. Halting the estimation at 2019Q4 and generating out of sample forecasts show that the COVID-19 recession reversed this trend, as women were more disproportionately affected than men.

Since 2000, employment-to-population ratio worldwide was constantly significantly higher among men than among women. Whereas more than ********** of men were estimated to be employed worldwide in 2025, less than **** of women were the same. Moreover, employment rates among both genders fell over the time period, with the decrease being larger among men.

Unemployment rate, participation rate, and employment rate by educational attainment, gender and age group, annual.

In 2024, the female unemployment rate in Africa was expected to be at 7.8 percent, compared to a male unemployment rate of 6.5 percent. Unemployment levels on the continent have remained higher among women from 2012 onwards. However, the female unemployment rates differed significantly across Africa. Djibouti and South Africa recorded the highest women's unemployment rate in 2022.

Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: Female: ILO: Unemployment Rate data was reported at 8.100 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 8.000 % for 2016. Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: Female: ILO: Unemployment Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 7.800 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2017, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9.100 % in 2004 and a record low of 6.700 % in 2007. Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: Female: ILO: Unemployment Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.G010: Labour Force: Annual. Persons in working ages are men 16–59 years old and women aged 16–54 years old inclusively.

Number of persons in the labour force (employment and unemployment), unemployment rate, participation rate and employment rate by province, gender and age group. Data are presented for 12 months earlier, previous month and current month, as well as year-over-year and month-to-month level change and percentage change. Data are also available for the standard error of the estimate, the standard error of the month-to-month change and the standard error of the year-over-year change.

This project will assess the equality impact of the recent recession on the labour utilisation and position of women and men in the labour market, and on the employment of lone parents. These impacts will be considered against the backcloth of longer term demographic and policy developments leading up to and during the recent economic downturn. An important question to be considered is whether as a result of surplus labour, increased labour market competition, and intensified business conditions, recession acts to heighten the employment penalties experienced by women. This could occur through increased sex discrimination, or fewer efforts by employers to apply equality and diversity policy as a means of recruiting and retaining staff. To explore this question we will use recent innovations in statistical matching techniques to form comparison groups of men matched to women to explore whether women and men who are comparable in terms of their individual characteristics differ in their labour market outcomes. Secondary analysis. Analysis of trends in unemployment, economic activity and time related underemployment by NUTS 2 geographical level, comparing trends in Northern England counties against National and regional trends. The data was used to produce data tables for part of an appraisal of current modelling strategies used by local governments for labour market projections, which require re-evaluation in the context of the recent economic crisis.

As countries around the world increasingly engage in international trade, labor markets respond, creating both winners and losers. In this paper, I analyze the impact of a trade shock on gender-specific local labor market outcomes in Brazil. I use an instrumental variable approach and population census data for Brazil to estimate the effect of both increased imports from China and increased exports to China on male and female local labor market outcomes from 2000 to 2010. Regions more exposed to imports from China experience slower wage growth in the traded and formal sectors, but the declines are significantly larger for men, particularly in sectors with low shares of female employment. Exports have a positive association with wage growth, but no relationship with employment growth. Import-induced wage declines are coupled with significant employment growth in the formal sector. The gains for women are nearly double those for men, increasing the share of female employment in the formal sector. Regions more exposed to Chinese imports also experience an increase in the female employment to population ratio and a decrease in male and female unemployment rates. Thus, trade with China induces new workers into the labor market, reduces unemployment, and reallocates labor to the formal sector. These employment gains are strongest for women, signaling reduced employment barriers for females. Further, as employment reallocates to the formal sector, occupation segregation declines, highlighting an additional avenue through which trade can have gendered labor market effects.

Objective: To determine the influence of age and gender respectively on the association between employment status and body mass index (BMI) in Korean adults using a large, nationally representative sample. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: South Korea. Participants: 7,228 from fourth wave of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA), the survey short form and year: “KLoSA 2012†. Main outcome measures: body mass index. Results: BMI among the employed was higher than among the unemployed for those under 60. In terms of gender, employed males reported higher BMI than their unemployed counterparts, whereas employed females reported lower BMI than did unemployed females. Conclusions: Employment status showed varying impacts on obesity by age and gender. Both unemployment at or after 60, as well as unemployment among females, is associated with increased BMI compared with unemployment among younger individuals or males, respectively.

Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: Rural: ILO: Unemployment Rate data was reported at 10.400 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 10.200 % for 2016. Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: Rural: ILO: Unemployment Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 8.250 % from Dec 2004 (Median) to 2017, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 10.400 % in 2017 and a record low of 6.200 % in 2007. Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: Rural: ILO: Unemployment Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.G010: Labour Force: Annual. Persons in working ages are men 16–59 years old and women aged 16–54 years old inclusively.

While Western democracies have become increasingly gender-equal over the past decades, recent research documents a backlash against gender equality in the form of rising modern sexism. Previous research shows that modern sexism predicts political attitudes and voting behavior that are detrimental to women's empowerment and liberalism. Yet, we know little about which factors explain modern sexist attitudes and how they operate across multiple country contexts. Building on modern conceptualizations of sexism, we theorize that (perceived) increases in competition between men and women provoke modern sexism among young men in particular. Using an original measure that approximates dimensions of modern sexism embedded in the 2021 EQI survey, capturing 32,469 individuals nested in 208 NUTS 2 regions in 27 European Union countries, we demonstrate that young men are most likely to perceive advances in women's rights as a threat to men's opportunities. This is particularly true for young men who (a) consider public institutions in their region as unfair, and (b) reside in regions with recent increases in unemployment resulting in increased competition for jobs. Our findings highlight the role of perceived competition between men and women in modern sexism and contradict the argument that older generations are most likely to backlash against progressive values, potentially adding to research explaining the recent backlash against gender equality.

Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: ILO: Unemployment Rate data was reported at 9.900 % in 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 9.700 % for 2016. Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: ILO: Unemployment Rate data is updated yearly, averaging 9.350 % from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2017, with 18 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 12.400 % in 2000 and a record low of 6.900 % in 2008. Ukraine Labour Force: Working Age: ILO: Unemployment Rate data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Ukraine – Table UA.G010: Labour Force: Annual. Persons in working ages are men 16–59 years old and women aged 16–54 years old inclusively.

In 2024, the unemployment rate for men was 1.6 percent higher for men (9.2 percent) than for women (7.6 percent) in Finland. During the period from 2014 to 2024, more men than women were unemployed in Finland, although the gender gap narrowed to 0.5 percent in 2018.

Series Name: Unemployment rate by sex and age (percent)Series Code: SL_TLF_UEMRelease Version: 2020.Q2.G.03 This dataset is the part of the Global SDG Indicator Database compiled through the UN System in preparation for the Secretary-General's annual report on Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.Indicator 8.5.2: Unemployment rate, by sex, age and persons with disabilitiesTarget 8.5: By 2030, achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all women and men, including for young people and persons with disabilities, and equal pay for work of equal valueGoal 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for allFor more information on the compilation methodology of this dataset, see https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/metadata/

Recent changes in labour markets have increased employment instability. Under these conditions, in male breadwinner families women might increase their labour supply when their male partners become unemployed. Previous studies have extensively investigated the role played by household and individual characteristics in explaining such increases in the labour supply of women. However, studies which examine the moderating role of specific welfare policies are missing. Our study contributes to the literature by investigating the moderating effect of childcare and tax-benefit policies for the labour supply response of women following the unemployment of their partner. We focus on a sample of 24 EU member states and the UK, during the period 2009-2019, combining longitudinal microdata from EU-SILC with country-period specific policy indicators generated with the use of the tax-benefit simulation model EUROMOD, UKMOD and country-period specific indicators of childcare use. We find that women indeed respond to men’s unemployment by increasing their labour supply though the response is fairly weak. We also find the response is not restricted by having children at home or availability of public childcare and does not depend on the generosity of unemployment benefits. It is, however, negatively affected by marginal tax rates.