Life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HLE), disability-free life expectancy (DFLE), Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and range by national deprivation deciles using the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2015 for data periods from 2011 to 2013 to 2015 to 2017, and the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2019 for data periods from 2016 to 2018 to 2018 to 2020: England, 2011 to 2013 to 2018 to 2020.

This indicator measures inequalities in life expectancy at birth within England as a whole, each English region, and each local authority. Life expectancy at birth is calculated for each deprivation decile of lower super output areas within each area and then the slope index of inequality (SII) is calculated based on these figures.

The SII is a measure of the social gradient in life expectancy, i.e., how much life expectancy varies with deprivation. It takes account of health inequalities across the whole range of deprivation within each area and summarises this in a single number. This represents the range in years of life expectancy across the social gradient from most to least deprived, based on a statistical analysis of the relationship between life expectancy and deprivation across all deprivation deciles.

Life expectancy at birth is a measure of the average number of years a person would expect to live based on contemporary mortality rates. For a particular area and time period, it is an estimate of the average number of years a newborn baby would survive if he or she experienced the age-specific mortality rates for that area and time period throughout his or her life.

The SII for England and for regions have been presented alongside the local authority figures in order to improve the display of the indicators on the overview page. However, they should not be considered as comparators for the local authority figures. The SII for England takes account of the full range of deprivation and mortality across the whole country. This does not therefore provide a suitable benchmark with which to compare local authority results, which take into account the range of deprivation and mortality within much smaller geographies.

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Life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HLE), disability-free life expectancy (DFLE), Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and range at birth and age 65 by national deprivation deciles (IMD 2015 and IMD 2019), England, 2011 to 2019.

Life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HLE), disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) by national deprivation deciles (IMD 2015), England: 2016 to 2018.

The Mayors Health Inequalities Strategy sets out his plans to tackle unfair differences in health to make London a healthier, fairer city.

This dataset reports the 14 headline population health indicators that will be used to monitor London’s progress in reducing health inequalities over the next ten years.

The themes of the indicators are listed below. The measures will monitor an identified inequality gap between defined populations.

1. Healthy life expectancy at birth – male
2. Healthy life expectancy at birth – female
3. Children born with low birth weight
4. School readiness among children
5. Excess weight in children at age 10-11 (year 6)
6. Excess mortality in adults with serious mental illness
7. Suicide
8. Mortality caused by Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
9. Employment
10. Feeling of belonging to a community (provisional)
11. HIV late diagnosis
12. People diagnosed with TB
13. Adults walking or cycling for two periods of ten minutes each day
14. Smoking

A short compilation of health-related lifestyles and employment indicators, including healthy life expectancy for England's upper tier local authorities.

Health inequalities are the differences in health and wellbeing, risk or outcomes, between different groups of people. Tackling health inequalities requires knowledge about the factors affecting health. With input from key stakeholders we selected 12 indicators of health and the wider determinants of health which we will monitor over time. These indicators will improve our understanding of health inequalities.

Go to Tackling London’s Health Inequalities for more information on the HIS Health Inequalities Strategy and the Indicators.

Data and Resources

The most recent data for each indicator will be available for download below:

Overall measures of health inequality:

1. Slope Index of Inequality for Life Expectancy
2. Healthy Life Expectancy
3. Self-reported wellbeing:
   1. Happiness
   2. Life Satisfaction
   3. Worthwhileness
   4. Anxiety

More specific measures of health inequality:

1. School Readiness at age 5
2. Educational Achievement - Percentage of pupils achieving 5 or more GCSEs at grades A*-C (including English and Maths)
3. Antenatal late booking - Percentage of pregnant women booking after 12wks +6 days
4. Flu vaccination proportion of those >65 years and of those at risk
5. Vulnerable road user risk of fatality or serious injury
6. Homelessness
   1. Statutory homelessness
   2. Homelessness prevention
   3. Change in number of rough sleepers
7. Proportion of employees receiving lower income than the London Living Wage
8. Unemployment rates – model-based estimates; proportion of resident population
9. Childhood obesity - Proportion of children aged 4-5 classified as overweight or obese.

The Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) has published the Public Health Outcomes Framework (PHOF) quarterly data update for August 2022.

The data is presented in an interactive tool that allows users to view it in a user-friendly format. The data tool also provides links to further supporting information, to aid understanding of public health in a local population.

Seventeen indicators have been updated in this release:

• inequality in healthy life expectancy at birth, England
• 10 indicators from the wider determinants domain including indicators on child poverty, fuel poverty, pupil absence, crime indicators on offenders and offences, and gap in employment indicators that now have additional information on employment rates
• 5 indicators from the health protection domain including flu vaccination coverage and antibiotic prescribing
• one indicator from the healthcare and premature mortality domain, the estimated dementia diagnosis rate.

See links to indicators updated document for full details of what’s in this update.

View previous Public Health Outcomes Framework data tool updates.

Adjustment factors, census ‘good’ health prevalence and modelled ‘good’ health prevalence used for calculating healthy life expectancy in England.

The slope index of inequality (SII) in circulatory disease mortality for persons under 75 years. The SII gives a single score describing the extent of inequality in each Local Authority, and is broadly comparable between areas. See below for further details on the SII. There are inequalities in health. For example, people living in more deprived areas tend to have shorter life expectancy, and higher prevalence and mortality rates of circulatory disease. Circulatory disease accounts for nearly 40% of all deaths among persons in England every year1. Reducing inequalities in premature mortality from all cancers is a national priority, as set out in the Department of Health’s Vital Signs Operating Framework 2008/09-2010/112 and the PSA Delivery Agreement 183. However, existing indicators for premature circulatory disease mortality do not take deprivation into account. This indicator has been produced in order to quantify inequalities in circulatory disease mortality by deprivation. This indicator has been discontinued and so there will be no further updates. Legacy unique identifier: P01370

Life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HLE), disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) by national deprivation deciles (IMD 2015 and IMD 2019), England: 2011 to 2019.

Life expectancy and years expected to live in "good" health using national indices of deprivation to measure socioeconomic inequalities in England.

The Productive Healthy Ageing Profile data update for February 2021 has been published by Public Health England (PHE).

This tool provides data and links to relevant guidance and further information on a wide range of topics relevant to healthy ageing. Indicators can be examined at local, regional or national level.

The aim of this tool is to support PHE productive healthy ageing policy and inform public health leads and the wider public health system about relevant key issues.

This release contains a new indicator relating to:

• homelessness in older people

and updated indictors relating to:

• inequality in life expectancy
• smoking prevalence
• abdominal aortic aneurysm screening
• shingles vaccination
• cancer screening
• cancers diagnosed at stages 1 and 2
• self-reported wellbeing
• winter fuel payments
• diabetic eye screening
• dementia
• falls and hip fractures
• independent living support
• social care service user experience, including social isolation
• admissions to residential and nursing care homes

If you would like to contact us about the tool email: ProfileFeedback@phe.gov.uk

Life expectancy (LE), healthy life expectancy (HLE), disability-free life expectancy (DFLE), Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and range at birth and age 65 years by national deprivation deciles (WIMD 2014 and WIMD 2019), Wales, 2011 to 2019.

Mortality from all circulatory diseases, directly age-standardised rate, persons, under 75 years, 2004-08 (pooled) per 100,000 European Standard population by local authority by local deprivation quintile. Local deprivation quintiles are calculated by ranking small areas (Lower Super Output Areas (LSOAs)) within each Local Authority based on their Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 (IMD 2007) deprivation score, and then grouping the LSOAs in each Local Authority into five groups (quintiles) with approximately equal numbers of LSOAs in each. The upper local deprivation quintile (Quintile 1) corresponds with the 20% most deprived small areas within that Local Authority. The mortality rates have been directly age-standardised using the European Standard Population in order to make allowances for differences in the age structure of populations. There are inequalities in health. For example, people living in more deprived areas tend to have shorter life expectancy, and higher prevalence and mortality rates of circulatory disease. Circulatory disease accounts for nearly 40% of all deaths among persons in England every year1. Reducing inequalities in premature mortality from all cancers is a national priority, as set out in the Department of Health’s Vital Signs Operating Framework 2008/09-2010/112 and the PSA Delivery Agreement 183. However, existing indicators for premature circulatory disease mortality do not take deprivation into account. This indicator has been produced in order to quantify inequalities in circulatory disease mortality by deprivation. This indicator has been discontinued and so there will be no further updates. Legacy unique identifier: P01369

Adjustment factors, census ‘"good" health prevalence and modelled ‘good’ health prevalence used for calculating healthy life expectancy in Wales.

This is a series of semi-structured interview transcripts collected at two health and social care sector sites in the UK. This qualitative study analyses if and how organisations in three countries (Germany, Finland, and the UK) report similar challenges and how they support longer working careers in the HCS. Therefore, we conducted multiple case studies in care organisations. Altogether 54 semi-structured interviews with employees and representatives of management were carried out and analysed thematically. Only the UK data are uploaded here.

Europe is currently undergoing significant demographic change, with an ageing population, shrinking workforce, and increasing life expectancy. In this context, it is necessary to raise the activity rate of older workers in a way that is healthy and productive for workers, employers and countries as a whole. A major issue in extending working lives is that those in different circumstances will be affected differentially by any proposed changes. EXTEND is a cross-national collaborative project which therefore aims to examine inequalities in relation to extending working lives. It addresses inequalities in relation to a number of pertinent issues, including changes to retirement and pension policies, the health and well-being of older workers and retirees, workplace factors, employee skills and training, and regulative and legislative frameworks. The project will take the social services sector as a particularly important example due to the barriers faced by health and care professionals. The evidence base will be generated by drawing on the varied expertise of its partners across five EU countries, employing a range of quantitative and qualitative methods, including policy analysis, panel data methods, natural experiments, a field trial, case studies, interviews and focus groups. We will engage numerous stakeholders with our findings, including policy makers, the business community, workers and their representatives, older people, the general public, and practitioners in the social services sector. The EXTEND project is strongly solution-driven, and has the overall aim of reducing inequalities in retirement structures.

Number of hospital episodes for schizophrenia, per 100,000 of the population, 15 to 74 years, standardised by age. It is important to note that the definition used for measuring schizophrenia in this instance includes “schizophrenic-like psychotic disorders” and “schizo-affective disorders” . These definitions are provisional and under review. According to the Government’s Saving Lives, Our Healthier Nation mental health problems “are a major cause of ill-health, disability and mortality”. People with mental health problems, and particularly schizophrenia, are at increased risk of premature death due to physical heath problems. Someone with schizophrenia has an expected life expectancy that is 10 years less than someone without a mental health problem. Specifically, people with severe mental health problems, including schizophrenia, have higher risks of cardiovascular disease and deaths from infectious diseases, endocrine, circulatory, respiratory, digestive and genitor-urinary system disorders. It has been reported that deaths from smoking-related diseases are twice as high among people with schizophrenia. The prevalence of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia is relatively rare, and affect around one in 200 adults each year. However, as with other mental health problems, the prevalence of such disorders are associated with increased social inequalities and hence health inequalities. For example, those with a psychotic disorder, including schizophrenia are more likely to be unemployed and receiving state benefits than those without a psychotic disorder. Further, people from a black and minority ethnic group are more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia, be detained and treated compulsory under the Mental Health Act (1983) and be over-prescribed psychotropic medication. Prevalence of psychotic disorders is also thought to be at least 15 times higher amongst prison populations. The Government’s target on mental health uses suicide figures as a proxy indicator to monitor improvement in mental health across the nation. However, this target is difficult to monitor at a local level due to the small number of suicides and undetermined deaths and the associated issues around disclosure and sharing of small numbers. Given the increased health problems and mortality rates amongst those with schizophrenia, more focused monitoring of numbers is required. This indicator has been discontinued and so there will be no further updates. Legacy unique identifier: P01046

Life expectancy and years expected to live in "good" health using national indices of deprivation to measure socioeconomic inequalities in Wales.