List of differentially expressed genes between the two cell populations of the intestine. The list in the first sheet represents all the genes filtered based on their adjusted p-value (cutoff is 0.01) while the second sheet shows the genes further filtered based on log2foldchange (1.5). Sheets 3 and 4 show the separated gene lists from the second sheet into upregulated genes in the neuronal cells and downregulated genes in the neuronal cell population, respectively. The scatter plot and the heat map in the main paper (Fig. 3c and d) were generated using the data provided in this table. (XLSX 3109 kb)

Data Visualization Software Market Outlook

The global data visualization software market size was valued at approximately USD 8.4 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach around USD 19.6 billion by 2032, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.8% from 2024 to 2032. The significant growth factor driving this market is the increasing need for data-driven decision-making across various industries.

The surge in big data and the growing complexity of data generated by enterprises have fueled the demand for data visualization software. Businesses are increasingly recognizing the importance of translating complex datasets into comprehensible visual formats to derive meaningful insights and strategic decisions. Moreover, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) with data visualization tools is further providing an impetus to market growth by enabling predictive and prescriptive analytics.

Another critical growth factor is the rising adoption of cloud-based solutions. Cloud deployment not only offers scalability and flexibility but also reduces the total cost of ownership, making it an attractive option for organizations of all sizes. Additionally, the increased penetration of internet and mobile devices has led to the proliferation of data, necessitating the use of advanced visual analytics tools to harness and interpret this data efficiently. Organizations are also investing in data visualization software to enhance operational efficiency, improve customer experience, and gain a competitive edge in the market.

The market is also witnessing significant growth due to the increasing importance of data governance and compliance. With stringent data privacy regulations like GDPR, CCPA, and HIPAA, organizations are compelled to adopt robust data visualization software to ensure data is managed and reported accurately. Moreover, the growing trend of remote work and the need for real-time data access and collaboration platforms have further accelerated the demand for data visualization tools. These tools facilitate seamless collaboration among teams, enabling them to make informed decisions swiftly.

Visual Analytics is playing a pivotal role in transforming the way organizations interpret and utilize data. By combining interactive visual interfaces with advanced analytics, visual analytics tools enable users to explore complex datasets more intuitively. This approach not only enhances the comprehension of data but also facilitates the identification of patterns and trends that might otherwise remain hidden. As businesses strive to make data-driven decisions, the demand for visual analytics solutions is expected to rise significantly. These tools empower users to interact with data in real-time, offering dynamic insights that can be crucial for strategic planning and operational efficiency. Moreover, visual analytics is becoming increasingly essential in industries where quick decision-making is critical, such as finance, healthcare, and retail.

Regionally, North America holds the largest market share due to the early adoption of advanced technologies and the presence of major market players. However, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to witness the highest growth rate during the forecast period. The rapid digital transformation, increasing investments in IT infrastructure, and the growing number of SMEs adopting data visualization tools in countries like China and India are key drivers for this regional growth.

Component Analysis

The data visualization software market is segmented into software and services. The software segment dominates the market, driven by the increasing need for sophisticated tools that can handle large volumes of data and present it in an easily digestible format. Solutions within this segment include standalone software, embedded analytics, and dashboards. These tools help businesses make data-driven decisions, identify trends, and uncover insights that were previously hidden in spreadsheets and raw data.

Within the software segment, standalone software holds a significant share. These are comprehensive solutions that provide a wide range of functionalities, from basic charts and graphs to complex data visualization techniques like heat maps, scatter plots, and bubble charts. The growing integration of AI and ML technologies into these software solutions is enabling more advanced analytics capabilities, such as predictive and prescriptive ana

Supplementary Text: Supplementary Methods and Supplementary Results. Supplementary Tables: Table S1. Primers used for RT-qPCR. Table S2. List of genes selected for expression analysis by PCR array. Table S3. Number of AA and GBM patient samples in training set, test set and three independent cohorts of patient samples (TCGA, GSE1993 and GSE4422). Table S4. Expression of 16 genes in AA (n = 20) and GBM (n = 54) samples of the test set. Table S5. Expression of 16 genes in Grade III glioma (n = 27) and GBM (n = 152) samples of the TCGA dataset. Table S6. Expression of 16 genes in AA (n = 19) and GBM (n = 39) samples of GSE1993 dataset. Table S7. Expression of 16 genes in AA (n = 5) and GBM (n = 71) samples of the GSE4422 dataset. Supplementary Figures: Figure S1. Heat map of one-way hierarchical clustering of 16 PAM-identified genes in AA (n = 20) and GBM (n = 54) patient samples in the test set. A dual-color code was used, with red and green indicating up- and down regulation, respectively. Figure S2. Heat map of one-way hierarchical clustering of 16 PAM-identified genes in grade III glioma (n = 27) and GBM (n = 152) patient samples in TCGA dataset. A dual-color code was used, with red and green indicating up- and down regulation, respectively. Figure S3. A. Heat map of one-way hierarchical clustering of 16 PAM-identified genes in AA (n = 19) and GBM (n = 39) patient samples in GSE1993 dataset. A dual-color code was used, with red and green indicating up- and down regulation, respectively. B. PCA was performed using expression values of 16-PAM identified genes between AA and GBM samples in GSE1993 dataset. A scatter plot is generated using the first two principal components for each sample. The color of the samples is as indicated. C. The detailed probabilities of 10-fold cross-validation for the samples of GSE1993 dataset based on the expression values of 16 genes are shown. For each sample, its probability as AA (orange color) and GBM (blue color) are shown and it was predicted by the PAM program as either AA or GBM based on which grade's probability is higher. The original histological grade of the samples is shown on the top. Figure S4. A. Heat map of one-way hierarchical clustering of 16 PAM-identified genes in AA (n = 5) and GBM (n = 71) patient samples in GSE4422 dataset. A dual-color code was used, with red and green indicating up- and down regulation, respectively. B. PCA was performed using expression values of 16-PAM identified genes between AA and GBM samples in GSE4422 dataset. A scatter plot is generated using the first two principal components for each sample. The color of the samples is as indicated. C. The detailed probabilities of 10-fold cross-validation for the samples of GSE4422 dataset based on the expression values of 16 genes are shown. For each sample, its probability as AA (orange color) and GBM (blue color) are shown and it was predicted by the PAM program as either AA or GBM based on which grade's probability is higher. The original histological grade of the samples is shown on the top. Figure S5. A. The detailed probabilities of 10-fold cross-validation for the samples of GSE4271 dataset based on the expression values of 16 genes are shown. For each sample, its probability as AA (orange color) and GBM (blue color) are shown and it was predicted by the PAM program as either AA or GBM based on which grade's probability is higher. The original histological grade of the samples is shown on the top. B. The average Age at Diagnosis along with standard deviation is plotted for Authentic AAs (n = 12), Authentic GBMs (n = 68), Discordant AAs (n = 10) and Discordant GBMs (n = 8) of GSE4271 dataset. C. The Kaplan Meier survival analysis of samples of GSE4271 dataset. Figure S6. PAM analysis of the Petalidis-gene signature in TCGA dataset. A. Plot showing classification error for the Petalidis gene set in TCGA dataset. The threshold value of 0.0 corresponded to all 54 genes which classified AA (n = 27) and GBM (n = 604) samples with classification error of 0.000. B. The detailed probabilities of 10-fold cross-validation for the samples of TCGA dataset based on Petalidis gene set are shown. For each sample, its probability as AA (green color) and GBM (red color) are shown and it was predicted by the PAM program as either AA or GBM based on which grade's probability is higher. The original histological grade of the samples is shown on the top. Figure S7. PAM analysis of the Phillips gene signature in our dataset. A. Plot showing classification error for the Phillips gene set in our dataset. The threshold value of 0.0 that correspond to all 5 genes which classified AA (n = 50) and GBM (n = 132) samples with classification error of 0.159. B. The detailed probabilities of 10-fold cross-validation for the samples of our dataset based on Phillips gene set are shown. For each sample, its probability as AA (orange color) and GBM (blue color) are shown and it was predicted by the PAM program as either AA or GBM based on which grade's probability is higher. The original histological grade of the samples is shown on the top. Figure S8. PAM analysis of the Phillips gene signature in Phillips dataset. A. Plot showing classification error for the Phillips gene set in Phillips dataset. The threshold value of 0.0 that correspond to all 8 genes which classified AA (n = 24) and GBM (n = 76) samples with classification error of 0.169. B. The detailed probabilities of 10-fold cross-validation for the samples of our dataset based on Phillips gene set are shown. For each sample, its probability as AA (orange color) and GBM (blue color) are shown and it was predicted by the PAM program as either AA or GBM based on which grade's probability is higher. The original histological grade of the samples is shown on the top. Figure S9. PAM analysis of the Phillips gene signature in GSE4422 dataset. A. Plot showing classification error for the Phillips gene set in GSE4422 dataset. The threshold value of 0.0 that correspond to all 8 genes which classified AA (n = 5) and GBM (n = 76) samples with classification error of 0.065. B. The detailed probabilities of 10-fold cross-validation for the samples of our dataset based on Phillips gene set are shown. For each sample, its probability as AA (orange color) and GBM (blue color) are shown and it was predicted by the PAM program as either AA or GBM based on which grade's probability is higher. The original histological grade of the samples is shown on the top. Figure S10. PAM analysis of the Phillips-gene signature in TCGA dataset. A. Plot showing classification error for the Phillips gene set in TCGA dataset. The threshold value of 0.0 corresponded to all 8 genes which classified AA (n = 27) and GBM (n = 604) samples with classification error of 0.008. B. The detailed probabilities of 10-fold cross-validation for the samples of TCGA dataset based on Phillips gene set are shown. For each sample, its probability as AA (orange color) and GBM (blue color) are shown and it was predicted by the PAM program as either AA or GBM based on which grade's probability is higher. The original histological grade of the samples is shown on the top. Figure S11. Network obtained by using 16-genes of classification signature as input genes to Bisogenet plugin in Cytoscape. The gene rated network had 252 nodes (genes) and 1498 edges (interactions between genes/proteins). This network consisted of the seed proteins with their immediate interacting neighbors. The nodes corresponding to the input genes are highlighted by the bigger node size as compared to the rest of the interacting partners. The color code is as indicated in the scale. (PDF)

LncRNA expression profiling for liver tissues of mice fed for a normal diet (NFD, 3mice) and a high-fat diet (HFD, 3mice) Summary: An abstract of the experiment and the data analysis. Experiment Workflow: A workflow of the experiment and the data analysis. Project Description: Sample and experiment information. Array Information: Mouse 8 x 60K LncRNA expression array information. Summary Table of Files for Data Delivery: Contains summary table of files for data delivery and the recommended software programs for viewing the data. Data Analysis for LncRNAs 1. Raw LncRNA data normalization and low intensity filtering: Raw signal intensities were normalized in quantile method by GeneSpring GX v11.5.1, and low intensity LncRNAs were filtered (LncRNAs that at least 6 out of 9 samples have flags in Present or Marginal were chosen for further analysis, these LncRNAs can be found from the LncRNA Expression Profiling Data.xls file). 2. Quality assessment of LncRNA data after filtering: Contains Box Plot and Scatter Plot for LncRNAs after filtering (This data can be found from the LncRNA Expression Profiling Data.xls file). 3. Differentially expressed LncRNAs screening: Contains differentially expressed genes with statistical significance that passed Volcano Plot filtering (Fold Change >= 2.0, P-value <= 0.05) (This data can be found from the Differentially Expressed LncRNAs.xls file). 4. Heat Map and Hierarchical Clustering: Hierarchical Clustering of Differentially Expressed LncRNAs (The heat map can be found from the LncRNA Expression Profiling Data.xls file). Data Analysis for mRNAs 1. Raw mRNA data normalization and low intensity filtering: Raw signal intensities were normalized in quantile method by GeneSpring GX v11.5.1, and low intensity mRNAs were filtered (mRNAs that at least 6 out of 9 samples have flags in Present or Marginal were chosen for further analysis, these mRNAs can be found from the mRNA Expression Profiling Data.xls file). 2. Quality assessment of mRNA data after filtering: Contains Box Plot and Scatter Plot for mRNAs after filtering (This data can be found from the mRNA Expression Profiling Data.xls file). 3. Differentially expressed mRNAs screening: Contains differentially expressed genes with statistical significance that passed Volcano Plot filtering (Fold Change >= 2.0, P-value <= 0.05) (This data can be found from the Differentially Expressed mRNAs.xls file). 4. Heat Map and Hierarchical Clustering: Hierarchical Clustering of Differentially Expressed mRNAs (The heat map can be found from the mRNA Expression Profiling Data.xls file). 5. Pathway analysis: Pathway analysis of the differentially expressed mRNAs. 6. GO analysis: GO term analysis of the differentially expressed mRNAs. LncRNA Classification and Subgroup Analysis 1. Rinn lincRNAs profiling: Contains profiling data of all lincRNAs based on John Rinn's papers (This data can be found from the Rinn lincRNAs profiling.xls file). 2. LincRNAs nearby coding gene data table: Contains the differentially expressed lincRNAs and nearby coding gene pairs (distance < 300 kb) (This data can be found from the LincRNAs nearby coding gene data table.xls file). Sample RNA Quality Control: Sample quality control data file from NanoDrop ND-1000 spectrophotometer and standard denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis. Methods: A brief introduction of methods for sample preparation, microarray design, experiment, and data analysis.