Heating Oil rose to 2.35 USD/Gal on December 2, 2025, up 0.21% from the previous day. Over the past month, Heating Oil's price has fallen 2.25%, but it is still 6.31% higher than a year ago, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Heating oil - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Graph and download economic data for No. 2 Heating Oil Prices: New York Harbor (WHOILNYH) from 1986-06-06 to 2025-10-31 about new york harbor, heating, New York, oil, commodities, and USA.

Heating Oil Stocks in the United States increased to 57 Thousand Barrels in November 21 from -494 Thousand Barrels in the previous week. This dataset provides - United States Heating Oil Stocks - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.

DJ Commodity Heating Oil index to See Seasonal Price Dip, Experts Predict

Financial data:

• Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)

• Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)

• Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)

Machine learning features:

• Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators

• Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles

• Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)

Potential Applications:

• Stock price prediction

• Portfolio optimization

• Algorithmic trading

• Market sentiment analysis

• Risk management

Use Cases:

• Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction

• Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies

• Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models

• Students learning about machine learning and financial applications

Additional Notes:

• The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)

• Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training

• Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data

This analysis presents a rigorous exploration of financial data, incorporating a diverse range of statistical features. By providing a robust foundation, it facilitates advanced research and innovative modeling techniques within the field of finance.

Is the TR/CC CRB Heating Oil Index a Reliable Gauge of Market Trends?

Financial data:

• Historical daily stock prices (open, high, low, close, volume)

• Fundamental data (e.g., market capitalization, price to earnings P/E ratio, dividend yield, earnings per share EPS, price to earnings growth, debt-to-equity ratio, price-to-book ratio, current ratio, free cash flow, projected earnings growth, return on equity, dividend payout ratio, price to sales ratio, credit rating)

• Technical indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI, MACD, average directional index, aroon oscillator, stochastic oscillator, on-balance volume, accumulation/distribution A/D line, parabolic SAR indicator, bollinger bands indicators, fibonacci, williams percent range, commodity channel index)

Machine learning features:

• Feature engineering based on financial data and technical indicators

• Sentiment analysis data from social media and news articles

• Macroeconomic data (e.g., GDP, unemployment rate, interest rates, consumer spending, building permits, consumer confidence, inflation, producer price index, money supply, home sales, retail sales, bond yields)

Potential Applications:

• Stock price prediction

• Portfolio optimization

• Algorithmic trading

• Market sentiment analysis

• Risk management

Use Cases:

• Researchers investigating the effectiveness of machine learning in stock market prediction

• Analysts developing quantitative trading Buy/Sell strategies

• Individuals interested in building their own stock market prediction models

• Students learning about machine learning and financial applications

Additional Notes:

• The dataset may include different levels of granularity (e.g., daily, hourly)

• Data cleaning and preprocessing are essential before model training

• Regular updates are recommended to maintain the accuracy and relevance of the data

On October 27, 2025, the Brent crude oil price stood at 65.14 U.S. dollars per barrel, compared to 61.31 U.S. dollars for WTI oil and 67.54 U.S. dollars for the OPEC basket. Oil prices rose slightly that week.Europe's Brent crude oil, the U.S. WTI crude oil, and OPEC's basket are three of the most important benchmarks used by traders as reference for global oil and gasoline prices. Lowest ever oil prices during coronavirus pandemic In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic resulted in crude oil prices hitting a major slump as oil demand drastically declined following lockdowns and travel restrictions. Initial outlooks and uncertainty surrounding the course of the pandemic brought about a disagreement between two of the largest oil producers, Russia and Saudi Arabia, in early March. Bilateral talks between global oil producers ended in agreement on April 13th, with promises to cut petroleum output and hopes rising that these might help stabilize the oil price in the coming weeks. However, with storage facilities and oil tankers quickly filling up, fears grew over where to store excess oil, leading to benchmark prices seeing record negative prices between April 20 and April 22, 2020. How crude oil prices are determined As with most commodities, crude oil prices are impacted by supply and demand, as well as inventories and market sentiment. However, as oil is most often traded in future contracts (where a contract is agreed upon while product delivery will follow in the next two to three months), market speculation is one of the principal determinants for oil prices. Traders make conclusions on how production output and consumer demand will likely develop over the coming months, leaving room for uncertainty. Spot prices differ from futures in so far as they reflect the current market price of a commodity.

Stocks of crude oil in the United States increased by 2.77million barrels in the week ending November 21 of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United States Crude Oil Stocks Change - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

The datasets for the Role of Financial Investors on Commodity Futures Risk Premium are weekly datasets for the period from 1995 to 2015 for three commodities in the energy market: crude oil (WTI), heating oil, and natural gas. These datasets contain futures prices for different maturities, open interest positions for each commodity (long and short open interest positions), and S&P 500 composite index. The selected commodities are traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX). The data comes from the Thomson Reuters Datastream and from the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC).

Common-Stock Time Series for Star Gas Partners LP. Star Group, L.P., together with its subsidiaries, provides home heating oil and propane products and services to residential and commercial customers in the United States. It offers gasoline and diesel fuel; and installs, maintain, and repairs heating and air conditioning equipment. As of September 30, 2024, the company served approximately 404,600 full service residential and commercial home heating oil and propane customers and 61,700 customers on a delivery only basis. It sells gasoline and diesel fuel to approximately 26,800 customers. The company was formerly known as Star Gas Partners, L.P. and changed its name to Star Group, L.P. in October 2017. The company was incorporated in 1995 and is based in Stamford, Connecticut.

Context

Extracted data from Investing .com by building a web scraper which could extract data if Start and End Date are given as parameters. You could find the scaper code here. Copper ,Gold, Crude Oil , Brent Oil , Natural Gas, Silver Prices variation of each of the commodities from the last 10 Years .

Copper

Copper prices are up 20% year to date, supported in part by a rebounding economy in the U.S. and other parts of the world as the pandemic comes under control. Improving economies are key to copper demand since it's an industrial metal that's a good conductor of electricity. Copper is found in a host of items from air conditioning units and televisions to cars. The base metal may also benefit from President Joe Biden's infrastructure plan and the growing appetite for electric vehicles. That's spurred investor interest in the red metal, but buyers need to do plenty of research. Commodities are unlike traditional stock and bond investing, as these markets have different fundamental drivers that affect pricing.

Gold

Gold has traditionally been regarded as a superior investment asset. It has become a safe haven for investors all around the world in recent years. Gold, in particular, possesses all of the characteristics that a traditional investor seeks in an asset class. Investing in gold has always shown to be a successful approach to combat inflation.

Crude Oil

Crude oil is at the heart of many global industries. It is the power that moves most vehicles, allows factories to operate and is used to generate electricity. Oil’s importance to mankind has made it a valuable commodity for many companies and countries. Along with its derivatives, crude oil is the most traded commodity in the world.

Brent Oil

Brent oil is a major benchmark price for purchases of oil worldwide. While Brent Crude oil is sourced from the North Sea the oil production coming from Europe, Africa and the Middle East flowing West tends to be priced relative to this oil. The Brent prices displayed in Trading Economics are based on over-the-counter (OTC) and contract for difference (CFD) financial instruments. Our market prices are intended to provide you with a reference only, rather than as a basis for making trading decisions. Trading Economics does not verify any data and disclaims any obligation to do so.

Natural Gas

The US Energy Information Administration says natural gas is the most widely used fuel for space heating in the US, and it has also started to beat out coal as the top fuel for power generation. Even so, demand for natural gas around the world can be volatile as it is very much dependent on the weather.

Silver

Silver may be used as an investment like other precious metals. It has been regarded as a form of money and store of value for more than 4,000 years, although it lost its role as legal tender in developed countries when the use of the silver standard came to a final end in 1935.

Acknowledgements

For this dataset I depended upon Investing.com to scrape the data . It's the premier source for financial, economic, and alternative datasets, serving investment professionals. Investing’s platform is used by over 400,000 people, including analysts from the world’s top hedge funds, asset managers and investment banks.

Stock Price Time Series for Meier Tobler Group AG. Meier Tobler Group AG operates as a trading and services company in heat generation and air conditioning systems. The company provides heating products comprising solar thermal energy, gas heaters, oil heating, surface heating, radiator, air heater, heat pumps, large heat pumps, wood heating, hot water systems and fresh water stations, and exhaust systems. It also offers refrigeration and air conditioning systems consisting of chillers, VRF systems, absorption chillers, cooling towers, recooler, climate cabinets, fan coil units, chilled beams, and air conditioning units, as well as ventilation cleaning and sanitary products. The company serves office, residential, and public buildings, data center, shopping centers, shops, healthcare, and hotel industries. Meier Tobler Group AG was formerly known as Walter Meier AG. Meier Tobler Group AG was founded in 1937 and is headquartered in Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.

Stock Price Time Series for Fuel Tech Inc. Fuel Tech, Inc. engages in the development, commercialization, and application of technologies for air pollution control, process optimization, water treatment. and advanced engineering services to utility and industrial customers. It operates through two segments, Air Pollution Control Technology and FUEL CHEM Technology. The Air Pollution Control Technology segment offers technologies to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions in flue gas from boilers, incinerators, furnaces, and other stationary combustion sources; NOxOUT and HERT SNCR Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction systems; advanced selective catalytic reduction systems comprising Ammonia Injection Grid, and GSG Graduated Straightening Grid systems. I-NOx integrated NOx reduction systems; ESP processes and services; ULTRA technology; and flue gas conditioning systems. The FUEL CHEM Technology segment provides programs to improve the efficiency, reliability, fuel flexibility, boiler heat rate, and environmental status of combustion units for the control of slagging, fouling, corrosion, opacity, and acid plume, as well as the formation of sulfur trioxide, ammonium bisulfate, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and carbon dioxide through the addition of chemicals into the furnace using TIFI Targeted In-Furnace Injection technology. This segment offers its FUEL CHEM program for plants operating in the electric utility, industrial, pulp and paper, waste-to-energy, and university and district heating markets; and the owners of boilers, furnaces, and other combustion units for treating a wide variety of solid and liquid fuels, including coal, heavy oil, black liquor, biomass, and municipal waste. The company offers DGI Dissolved Gas Infusion systems, which utilizes a proprietary channel injector and a patented saturator that infuses oxygen, carbon dioxide, or other gases into water; and UDI Urea Direct Injection systems. It operates in the United States, rest of the Americas, Europe, South Africa, the Pacific region, and internationally. Fuel Tech, Inc. was incorpo

In 2024, the price of natural gas in Europe reached 11 constant U.S. dollars per million British thermal units, compared with 2.2 U.S. dollars in the U.S. This was a notable decrease compared to the previous year, which had seen a steep increase in prices due to an energy supply shortage exacerbated by the Russia-Ukraine war. Since 1980, natural gas prices have typically been higher in Europe than in the United States and are expected to remain so for the coming two years. This is due to the U.S. being a significantly larger natural gas producer than Europe. What is natural gas and why is it gaining ground in the energy market? Natural gas is commonly burned in power plants with combustion turbines that generate electricity or used as a heating fuel. Given the fact that the world’s energy demand continues to grow, natural gas was seen by some industry leaders as an acceptable "bridge-fuel" to overcome the use of more emission-intensive energy sources such as coal. Subsequently, natural gas has become the main fuel for electricity generation in the U.S., while the global gas power generation share has reached over 22 percent. How domestic production shapes U.S. natural gas prices The combination of hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”) and horizontal drilling can be regarded as one of the oil and gas industry’s biggest breakthroughs in decades, with the U.S. being the largest beneficiary. This technology has helped the industry release unprecedented quantities of gas from deposits, mainly shale and tar sands that were previously thought either inaccessible or uneconomic. It is forecast that U.S. shale gas production could reach 36 trillion cubic feet in 2050, up from 1.77 trillion cubic feet in 2000.

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Castor Oil And Its Derivatives Market Size 2024-2028

The castor oil and its derivatives market size is forecast to increase by USD 726.6 million, at a CAGR of 4.5% between 2023 and 2028. The market is experiencing significant growth due to the increasing demand in major end-use industries such as coatings, plastics, and biodiesel. Castor oil is a valuable source of biodiesel, making it an essential component in the renewable energy sector. However, the market is subject to fluctuations due to the extreme dependence on climate conditions for castor oil production. Extreme weather conditions can impact the crop yield and, consequently, the price of castor oil. Additionally, the rising awareness of the environmental benefits of using biodiesel and bioplastics derived from castor oil is driving market growth. The market is expected to witness steady growth in the coming years, with a focus on sustainable production methods and innovation in end-use applications.

Market Analysis

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Castor oil, derived from the seeds of Castor beans, is a triglyceride oil rich in ricinoleic acid. It is a nonedible vegetable oil with various applications in industries such as soaps, lubricants, coatings, fertilizers, and biodiesel. The global market for castor oil and its derivatives is driven by the increasing demand for these products in different end-use industries. The extraction of castor oil is typically done through either mechanical pressing or solvent extraction using organic solvents like hexane, heptane, or petroleum ether. Mechanical pressing involves the use of oil expellers, hydraulic pressing, or cold pressing, while solvent extraction employs the Soxhlet method.

The extracted oil undergoes several processes such as neutralization using a neutralizer like phosphoric acid or caustic, degumming, and bleaching to produce the final product. Castor oil derivatives, such as ricinoleic acid, are also in high demand due to their unique properties in various applications. The market for castor oil and its derivatives is expected to grow due to the increasing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives in various industries.

Market Segmentation

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Product

  Sebacic acid
  Undecylenic acid
  Castor wax
  Others


Geography

  APAC

    China
    India


  Europe

    France


  North America

    US


  South America

    Brazil


  Middle East and Africa

By Product Insights

The sebacic acid segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Castor beans, native to subtropical dry regions, are the primary source of Ricinoleic acid, a triglyceride ester with hydroxyl group attached to the third carbon atom. This nonedible oil, also known as vegetable oil, is extracted from the beans using various methods such as mechanical pressing, solvent extraction, and hydraulic pressing. The extracted oil undergoes several processes, including neutralization using phosphoric acid or caustic, degumming in a degumming-process-plant, bleaching, and heating in an oil heat exchanger. Ricinoleic acid is further processed to produce soaps, lubricants, coatings, chemical products, and biodiesel. In the production of soaps, the oil stock undergoes hydration in a hydration tank using hot water and mechanical agitator, followed by neutralization and centrifugal separation.

The gums obtained from the process are further dried in a vacuum drier. Lubricants are produced by refining the oil and removing impurities. Coatings are made by reacting the oil with organic solvents such as hexane, heptane, or petroleum ether. Chemical products like polymer materials, hydraulic fluids, and brake fluids are derived from the oil through various chemical reactions. Fertilizers are also produced as a by-product of the castor oil refining process. In the extraction process, the oil is first expelled from the beans using an oil expeller or hydraulic pressing. The crude oil obtained is then refined using solvents such as hexane, heptane, or petroleum ether, followed by neutralization, degumming, bleaching, and deodorization.

The neutralizer is typically a strong acid or base, such as phosphoric acid or caustic, which reacts with the free fatty acids in the oil to produce soap stock. The degumming process removes the gums and impurities from the oil, while bleaching removes color impurities and improves the oil's appearance. The oil is then heated in an oil heat exchanger and passed through a centrifugal separator to remove any remaining water. The oil is then sent to a buffering tank, where it is held at a constant temperature before being shipped to customers.

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Bulk fuel storage providers have experienced volatile operating conditions. Global vertically integrated petroleum giants dominate the industry, covering the entire supply chain, from oil production and fuel refining to storage, fuel wholesaling and retailing. The Bulk Fuel Storage industry effectively captures just one segment of this process. The major players separate aspects of this supply chain into different business groups. Firms that solely provide bulk fuel storage services charge upstream refineries a fee to store their fuel before these products are distributed to downstream retailers. The industry has benefited from several local fuel refineries closing over the past five years, resulting in an increased reliance on imported fuel in Australia. This spurred the development of new fuel import terminals and investment in fuel storage infrastructure. Bulk fuel storage revenue is expected to grow at an annualised 1.3% over the five years through 2025-26, to $1.4 billion. Industry demand tends to remain constant, as businesses and consumers require fuel for many day-to-day activities. Short-term fluctuations in fuel prices typically have a limited impact on long-term demand patterns, as demand for fuel is largely inelastic. However, price volatility does affect revenue generated along each link of the supply chain. Global supply and demand conditions, therefore, have a significant impact on industry performance. Fuel supply volumes have also continued to plague the industry, with total volumes remaining below the 90-day supply benchmark. In response, the Federal Government has increased funding to support diesel storage capacity. Industry revenue is expected to fall 4.0% in the current year, primarily due to declining crude oil prices. Industry revenue is projected to grow over the next five years due to Australia's heavy reliance on imported fuel. Efforts to improve Australia's fuel security through increasing storage capacity are also forecast to support industry performance over the period. Growth in the number of motor vehicles and a recovery in aviation travel are also set to boost demand for fuel. Bulk fuel storage revenue is forecast to increase at an annualised 1.3% over the five years through 2030-31, to $1.5 billion.

Stock Price Time Series for HEATEC JIETONG HOLDINGS LTD.. Heatec Jietong Holdings Ltd. provides piping and heat exchanger services for the marine, petrochemical, and oil and gas industries in Singapore, the People's Republic of China, and the Philippines. The company operates through Piping, Heat Exchanger, Chemical Cleaning, and Trading of Petroleum Products segments. It provides land-based heat exchanger services to the process and chemical plants conducting routine shut-down maintenance; plate heat exchangers and shell and tube heat exchangers; and tank cleaning related services, such as de-sloping, demucking, and sludge disposal. The company also offers fabrication and installation services for piping; pipes and systems restoration and installation services, such as marine piping; process piping services for floating, production, storage, and offloading conversions for offshore structures comprising FPSOs, oil rigs, restoration of ship piping systems, routine docking maintenance of ships, and other types of ship conversions and ship lengthening. In addition, it is involved in turnkey project management, including procurement, construction, fabrication, commissioning, and project management; provision of ultrasonic cleaning of charged air cooler and filters; chemical cleaning for heat exchangers, pipelines engine parts, and pressure vessel; stainless steel passivation; hot oil flushing up to NAS/ISO standard for pipeline; chemical sales; rental of portable steam boiler/borescope/particle counter; and hydro-jetting machines activities. In addition, it designs, sells, and fabricates heat exchangers; and supplies and trades in various products, including petroleum products, bunkers, lubricants, chemicals, equipment, and tools. Heatec Jietong Holdings Ltd. was founded in 1990 and is based in Singapore.

Stock Price Time Series for Hanon Systems. Hanon Systems provides thermal and energy management solutions to automotive market in Korea, Europe, Asia, and the United States. The company offers heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) solutions; and radiators, cooling fans and shrouds, charge air coolers, exhaust gas recirculation systems, electronic coolant pumps and valves, electronic throttle body controls, electronic wastegate actuators, and cold storage evaporators. It also provides transmission thermal management systems, auto transmission fluid warmers/coolers, and electronic transmission and high efficiency binary transmission oil pumps; battery thermal management and heat pump systems; high voltage cooling fan motors; and centrifugal air, fixed swash plate, rotary suction, variable swash plate, and electric compressors. In addition, the company offers fluid transport products, including refrigerant lines, coolant lines, transmission oil cooler lines, accumulators, receiver driers, internal heat exchangers, and metal seal fittings; automatic and manual front and rear temperature controls that operate the HVAC systems; cluster ion generators; and cooling modules, such as radiators, condensers, fans, and shrouds. Further, it is involved in the development, technology consultation, and export of vehicle components. The company was formerly known as Halla Visteon Climate Control Corporation and changed its name to Hanon Systems in August 2015. Hanon Systems was founded in 1986 and is headquartered in Daejeon, South Korea. Hanon Systems is a subsidiary of Hankook Tire & Technology Co., Ltd.

Common-Stock-Shares-Outstanding Time Series for China Oil HBP Science & Technology Co Ltd. China Oil HBP Science & Technology Co., Ltd provides solutions for oil and gas development and exploitation in the Middle East, Central Asia, Africa, and internationally. The company offers oil gas water treatment matching technologies and products; oil and gas metering and test solutions; oily sewage treatment solutions; oil and gas field heating equipment; and ground technologies, as well as undertakes EPC engineering projects. It also provides environmental protection equipment and services, including oily sludge recycling, aged oil treatment, pyrolysis and incineration harmless treatment, fracturing fluid acidizing treatment, and oil tank cleaning equipment, as well as environmental engineering services. In addition, the company offers oil and gas field automation systems; SCADA system integration for oil and gas storage and transportation networks; software systems and services; and oil field service digitization and automation solutions. Further, it owns an interest in the Dagang Oilfield Kong South Block covering an area of 21.29 square kilometers located in the south of Bohai Basin, China. Additionally, the company engages in the operation and sale of natural gas resources. China Oil HBP Science & Technology Co., Ltd was founded in 1998 and is headquartered in Beijing, China.

Stock Price Time Series for GEA GROUP. GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft produces and supplies systems and components to the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries worldwide. It operates through Separation & Flow Technologies; Liquid & Power Technologies; Food & Health Technologies; Farm Technologies; and Heating & Refrigeration Technologies segments. The company manufacture process-related components and machinery, notably separators, decanters, homogenizers, valves, and pumps; and process solutions, including brewing systems, liquid processing and filling, concentration, fermentation, crystallization, purification, drying, powder handling, and packaging, as well as systems for carbon capture and emission control for dairy, new-food, beverage, food, chemical, and other industries. It also prepares, marinates, and processes meat, poultry, seafood, vegan products, and snack and pasta, as well as slicing, packaging lines, freeze drying, granulators, and tablet presses for pharmaceutical industry. In addition, the company offers customer solution for milk production and livestock farming comprising automatic milking and feeding system, conventional milking solutions, manure handling, and digital herd management tools; and energy solutions in the field of industrial refrigeration and heating for various industries, including food, beverage, dairy, oil and gas, supporting automation, digital, and service platform. The company was formerly known as mg technologies ag and changed its name to GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft in 2005. GEA Group Aktiengesellschaft was founded in 1881 and is headquartered in Düsseldorf, Germany.

Stock Price Time Series for Aakash Exploration Services Limited. Aakash Exploration Services Limited provides oil and gas field services in India. It offers services using machineries, such as mobile work over rigs, hot oil circulation units, heating units, indirect bath heaters, mobile sucker rod pumping units, utility services for return lines, mobile steaming units, mobile high pressure air compressors, mobile high- and low-pressure pumping units, FRAC/ insulated tanks, and acid pumping units. The company also engages in manufacture of refined petroleum products. In addition, it provides oil enhance recovery, well head maintenance, well head greasing, mold guide on sucker rod, drilling rig, chemical dosing pump, sucker rod pumping unit, and flush by unit. Aakash Exploration Services Limited was incorporated in 2007 and is headquartered in Ahmedabad, India.