Out of over ** thousand higher education institutions in India, there were ***** universities in 2022 listed on AISHE portal that are empowered to award degrees. Colleges are either affiliated or recognized with universities, while stand-alone institutions provide diploma certification rather than degrees.

In financial year 2022, the gross enrollment ratio for the tertiary level of education in India was over ** percent. In the last three fiscal years, this figure showed slight change. The gross enrollment ratio is the share of students, regardless of age, that belongs to the official school-age population, enrolled in the given school level.

In 2022, an MBBS or a medical degree entailed an expenditure of over ********* Indian rupees. An MBA degree program, on the other hand, cost over *********** rupees. The cost of higher education programs is expected to increase by ** percent every year.

India Educational Attainment: Doctoral or Equivalent: Population 25+ Years: % Cumulative data was reported at 3.487 % in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.162 % for 2022. India Educational Attainment: Doctoral or Equivalent: Population 25+ Years: % Cumulative data is updated yearly, averaging 3.162 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2023, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 3.487 % in 2023 and a record low of 2.050 % in 2010. India Educational Attainment: Doctoral or Equivalent: Population 25+ Years: % Cumulative data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s India – Table IN.World Bank.WDI: Social: Education Statistics. The percentage of population ages 25 and over that attained or completed Doctoral or equivalent.;UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). UIS.Stat Bulk Data Download Service. Accessed April 5, 2025. https://apiportal.uis.unesco.org/bdds.;;

Among the OECD countries, Canada had the highest proportion of adults with a tertiary education in 2022. About 63 percent of Canadians had achieved a tertiary education in that year. Japan followed with about 56 percent of the population having completed a tertiary education, while in Ireland the share was roughly 54 percent. In India, on the other hand, less than 13 percent of the adult population had completed a tertiary education in 2022.

India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Higher Education: Special Scholarship Scheme for Jammu and Kashmir data was reported at 2,000.000 INR mn in 2023. This records an increase from the previous number of 1,840.000 INR mn for 2022. India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Higher Education: Special Scholarship Scheme for Jammu and Kashmir data is updated yearly, averaging 1,840.000 INR mn from Mar 2021 (Median) to 2023, with 3 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,000.000 INR mn in 2023 and a record low of 1,280.000 INR mn in 2021. India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Higher Education: Special Scholarship Scheme for Jammu and Kashmir data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FB036: Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue. 2025-2026 – Budget Estimates 2024-2025 – Revised Estimates 2023-2022 & Before – Actuals

Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Department of Higher Education: Indian Knowledge Systems data was reported at 500.000 INR mn in 2026. This records an increase from the previous number of 100.000 INR mn for 2025. Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Department of Higher Education: Indian Knowledge Systems data is updated yearly, averaging 100.000 INR mn from Mar 2022 (Median) to 2026, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 500.000 INR mn in 2026 and a record low of 30.900 INR mn in 2024. Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Department of Higher Education: Indian Knowledge Systems data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FB035: Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes. 2025-2026 – Budget Estimates 2024-2025 – Revised Estimates 2023-2022 & Before – Actuals

India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Department of Higher Education: Multidisciplinary Education and Research Improvement in Technical Education-EAP (MERITE) data was reported at 2,200.000 INR mn in 2026. This records an increase from the previous number of 20.000 INR mn for 2025. India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Department of Higher Education: Multidisciplinary Education and Research Improvement in Technical Education-EAP (MERITE) data is updated yearly, averaging 44.900 INR mn from Mar 2022 (Median) to 2026, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2,200.000 INR mn in 2026 and a record low of 20.000 INR mn in 2025. India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Department of Higher Education: Multidisciplinary Education and Research Improvement in Technical Education-EAP (MERITE) data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FB035: Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes. 2025-2026 – Budget Estimates 2024-2025 – Revised Estimates 2023-2022 & Before – Actuals

In 2022, Canada had the highest share of adults with a university degree, at over 60 percent of those between the ages of 25 and 64. India had the smallest share of people with a university degree, at 13 percent of the adult population. University around the world Deciding which university to attend can be a difficult decision for some and in today’s world, people are not left wanting for choice. There are thousands of universities around the world, with the highest number found in India and Indonesia. When picking which school to attend, some look to university rankings, where Harvard University in the United States consistently comes in on top. Moving on up One of the major perks of attending university is that it enables people to move up in the world. Getting a good education is generally seen as a giant step along the path to success and opens up doors for future employment. Future earnings potential can be determined by which university one attends, whether by the prestige of the university or the connections that have been made there. For instance, graduates from the Stanford Graduate School of Business can expect to earn around 250,000 U.S. dollars annually.

Data and insights on India's education infrastructure - current and historical values on school, college and standalone institutions, and more.

This dataset supports the study entitled: “A Responsible Research Assessment Framework for Ranking Social Science Institutions in India”. It comprises diverse research outputs, academic activities, and institutional resources of twenty-four ICSSR-funded institutions across the country. The dataset is primarily extracted from Scopus (a citation database), subsequently validated through Annual Reports of the ICSSR, covering the period from 2013 to 2022. Moreover, high-resolution images of all figures and tables used in the paper have also been shared to support transparency and facilitate detailed examination. The dataset is curated to provide a holistic view of institutional performance in order to showcase the publication productivity, academic activities, resource allocations, prestige values, stakeholder engagement, and societal impact through various quantitative indicators. The dataset enables replication of the study, cross-institutional benchmarking, and policy-driven analysis of research ecosystems. The dataset adheres to FAIR principles and is structured to enable reuse, thereby enhancing reproducibility as an ethical practice for generating better insights. Eventually, this dataset aims to accelerate scientific progress by building upon existing work, which is crucial for advancing open science practices.

India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Higher Education: PM e-Vidya data was reported at 0.100 INR mn in 2023. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.100 INR mn for 2022. India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Higher Education: PM e-Vidya data is updated yearly, averaging 0.100 INR mn from Mar 2022 (Median) to 2023, with 2 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.100 INR mn in 2023 and a record low of 0.100 INR mn in 2023. India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue: Department of Higher Education: PM e-Vidya data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FB036: Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Revenue. FY2022-2023 – Budget Estimates FY2021-2022 – Revised Estimates FY2020-2021 & Before – Actuals

As per the results of a survey across India on higher education, there were over ** thousand colleges across India in the academic year 2022, a significant increase from the previous year. A majority of the colleges in the country are private unaided colleges and Bangalore Urban had the highest number of colleges in the country.

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Academic E-Learning Market Size 2024-2028

The academic e-learning market size is forecast to increase by USD 259 billion at a CAGR of 23.35% between 2023 and 2028.

The launch of new online degrees is a key driver of the academic e-learning market. As universities and colleges expand their online offerings, students now have access to a broader range of academic programs, from undergraduate to postgraduate degrees, all delivered through flexible and convenient online platforms. This growth in online degree options is making higher education more accessible, which is further fueling the demand for e-learning.
In North America, the market is witnessing significant growth due to the increasing adoption of connectivity-enhancing platforms and online education for content delivery in the education sector. These platforms improve the learning experience by providing seamless access to course materials, live interactions, and collaborative tools, supporting the growing demand for online degrees and e-learning solutions in the region

What will be the Size of the Academic E-Learning Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market is experiencing significant growth due to the integration of innovative technologies such as AI and machine learning. The Internet and mobile devices, specifically smartphones, have become essential tools for accessing educational content. The penetration of smartphones and IoT platforms has led to a shift from traditional learning methods to cloud-based platforms and mobile learning technologies.

Market Segmentation

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Deployment

  On-premises
  Cloud-based


End-user

  Higher education
  K12


Geography

  North America

    Canada
    US


  Europe

    Germany


  APAC

    China
    India


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Deployment Insights

The on-premises segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. On-premises academic e-learning solutions enable educational institutions to fully own and manage their e-learning modules, allowing for customization according to their unique needs. This segment's growth is driven by the benefits of end-to-end quality control and enhanced data security. With servers solely owned by the educational institution, data security is strengthened compared to public cloud-based solutions.

Additionally, the location of servers within educational institutions eliminates the necessity for Internet connectivity for students to access modules, reducing reliance on external networks. Continuous product innovation in this area includes the integration of digital textbooks, data analytics, and cybersecurity to further enhance the learning experience and ensure data protection. Corporate learning also benefits from on-premises e-learning solutions through cost-cutting measures and the ability to create a digital university environment.

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The on-premises segment was valued at USD 35.80 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Insights

North America is estimated to contribute 35% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period. Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

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The market is witnessing significant growth due to the increasing adoption of connectivity-enhancing platforms for content delivery in the education sector. In 2023, North America held the largest share of this market, with the US, Canada, and Mexico being the major contributors. The region's dominance is attributed to the rising enrollments in online degree programs and the adoption of e-learning as a flexible and cost-effective learning solution. The market in North America is driven by continuous product innovation, with companies investing in advanced technologies such as data analytics, cybersecurity, and digital textbooks to enhance the learning experience. Despite these advancements, concerns over cybersecurity attacks remain a challenge. However, the benefits of e-learning, such as flexibility, cost savings, and access to digital universities, continue to outweigh these concerns.

Market Dynamics

Content delivery modes have evolved to cater to the changing needs of learners, with an emphasis on adaptability and personalization. Bandwidths have improved, enabling the delivery of high-quality multimedia content. Corporate learning has embraced these changes, recognizing the benefits of flexible, cost-effec

India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Department of Social Justice and Empowerment: Scholarships for Higher Education for Young Achievers Scheme (SHREYAS) for SCs data was reported at 4,720.000 INR mn in 2026. This records an increase from the previous number of 4,280.000 INR mn for 2025. India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Department of Social Justice and Empowerment: Scholarships for Higher Education for Young Achievers Scheme (SHREYAS) for SCs data is updated yearly, averaging 3,633.200 INR mn from Mar 2022 (Median) to 2026, with 5 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4,720.000 INR mn in 2026 and a record low of 2,712.000 INR mn in 2022. India Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes: Department of Social Justice and Empowerment: Scholarships for Higher Education for Young Achievers Scheme (SHREYAS) for SCs data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Finance. The data is categorized under India Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table IN.FB035: Union Budget: Central Sector Schemes. 2025-2026 – Budget Estimates 2024-2025 – Revised Estimates 2023-2022 & Before – Actuals

The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) is a statistical measure used to assess the number of students enrolled at a particular level of education, regardless of age, compared to the total population eligible for that level of education. It is expressed as a percentage and is calculated by dividing the number of students enrolled in a given level (e.g., primary, secondary, or tertiary education) by the population of the official age group for that level, then multiplying by 100.

GER can exceed 100% if students older or younger than the official age range are enrolled, reflecting the inclusivity of the education system in accommodating non-traditional students. While GER provides insight into the overall access to education, it does not account for the efficiency or quality of education, which may require complementary indicators such as the Net Enrolment Ratio (NER) to evaluate age-appropriate enrolment and retention.

During the academic year 2022, the gross enrollment ratio (GER) in Delhi for elementary schools was 124.25, higher than other levels of education. The enrollment ratio for girls was consistently higher as compared to boys across all levels of education. The GER across levels of education in Delhi was higher as compared to the all-India level.

Third-level education institutions benefit from rising enrolments as the number of 19- to 24-year-olds in Ireland rises and more pupils achieve the qualifications needed for university courses. This supported universities’ revenue, which will grow at a compound annual rate of 5.8% over the five years through 2025 to €3.3 billion. Revenue across the period took a sizeable blow from the COVID-19 outbreak. Despite rising student numbers, revenue fell back in 2020 and 2021 due to a drop in students on campus when the COVID-19 pandemic was at its peak. This decimated revenue earned from on-campus activities, like student accommodation and dining halls. At the same time, travel restrictions slashed international student numbers, further reducing revenue. Since 2022, students have returned to campus, and Irish universities have seen higher international enrolments. Since Brexit, enrolments from EU students have soared. That’s because Brexit made the UK less attractive to EU students wishing to study at an English-speaking university, as they would have to pay higher international fees. Irish universities have also benefitted from rising international student enrolments, supported by continued high rankings of many institutions, including in the 2023 QS World University Rankings. Students from India, China and the United States continue to sharply rise. Since international students pay higher fees, this will contribute to revenue growth of 2.1 in 2025. Revenue will continue benefitting from tuition fee growth and an increasing intake of both domestic and international students. Industry revenue is forecast to grow at a compound annual rate of 4.3% over the next five years to reach €4.1 billion. Government funding of €194 million has been earmarked for Funding the Future to help students. Funding will help address the core funding deficit, as well as improve the quality of education and attract even more students. Under-represented students (e.g., low-income and disabled students) will benefit from funding prioritised to improve accessibility to higher education for these groups. There will also be a continued rise in the number of international students, supported by the establishment of more reputable technological universities.

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India Test Preparation Market Size 2025-2029

The India test preparation market size is forecast to increase by USD 17.21 billion, at a CAGR of 18.5% between 2024 and 2029.

Major Market Trends & Insights

By End-user - Post-secondary segment was valued at USD 4.88 billion in 2022
By Learning Method - Offline learning segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2022

Market Size & Forecast

Market Opportunities: USD 274.38 billion
Market Future Opportunities: USD USD 17.21 billion 
CAGR : 18.5%

Market Summary

The market has witnessed significant growth in recent years, with the number of enrollments increasing by approximately 15% annually. This trend can be attributed to the heightened competition for higher education and employment opportunities. Notably, the use of analytics in test preparation has emerged as a game-changer, enabling personalized learning and performance improvement. This shift towards data-driven test preparation is expected to continue, as more institutions and students recognize its potential. However, the market faces stiff competition from private tutors, who offer individualized attention and customized study plans.
Despite this, test preparation companies are innovating with advanced technologies and interactive learning tools to stay competitive. Overall, the market is poised for continued expansion, driven by the growing demand for quality education and the increasing adoption of technology in test preparation.

What will be the size of the India Test Preparation Market during the forecast period?

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The Indian test preparation market witnesses consistent growth, with current participation reaching approximately 20 million students annually. Looking ahead, industry experts anticipate a growth rate of around 15% year-over-year. Notably, formative assessment methods, such as time management techniques and cognitive skills training, account for a significant portion of this market. In comparison, the demand for mock test papers, instructional design principles, and effective study habits also remains strong. Effective use of practice question banks and expert faculty guidance significantly contributes to students' success rates. Furthermore, the adoption of assessment design that caters to individualized learning styles, diagnostic testing, and personalized feedback is on the rise.
Online test series and subject-wise preparation have become increasingly popular, with content accessibility and benchmarking standards playing crucial roles in student engagement. The integration of learning styles adaptation, study planning tools, and test-taking strategies further enhances the learning experience. These trends underscore the dynamic nature of the Indian test preparation market.

How is this India Test Preparation Market segmented?

The test preparation in India industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

End-user

  Post-secondary
  K-12


Learning Method

  Offline learning
  Online learning


Product

  University exams
  Certification exams
  High school exams
  Elementary exams
  Others


Exam Type

  Competitive Entrance
  Board Exams
  International Exams


Delivery Format

  Blended Learning
  Self-Paced
  Live Classes


Geography

  APAC

    India

By End-user Insights

The post-secondary segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The Indian test preparation market, particularly the post-secondary segment, demonstrates consistent expansion, driven by the escalating number of students and professionals seeking to excel in competitive exams. This segment caters to students enrolled in college and university education and employees pursuing certifications. The primary growth catalyst is the increasing emphasis on higher education and professional development. Mobile learning apps, data-driven instruction, and interactive learning modules are transforming test preparation, enabling students to access personalized study resources anytime, anywhere. Curriculum development, assessment feedback mechanisms, and learning analytics dashboards are also gaining traction, allowing educators to tailor instruction to individual learners' needs.

Test preparation materials, online tutoring platforms, and blended learning models are increasingly popular, offering flexible, adaptive, and personalized learning experiences. Gamified learning experiences, skill enhancement programs, and career guidance services further enrich the learning journey. The market is witnessing a shift towards microlearning strategies, professional development, and virtual classroom technology. Teacher train

In financial year 2022, the gross enrollment ratio for the secondary level of education in India was over ** percent. This was the highest enrollment rate in the past years. The gross enrollment ratio is the share of students, regardless of age, that belongs to the official school-age population, enrolled in the given school level.