Geneva stands out as Europe's most expensive city for apartment purchases in early 2025, with prices reaching a staggering 15,720 euros per square meter. This Swiss city's real estate market dwarfs even high-cost locations like Zurich and London, highlighting the extreme disparities in housing affordability across the continent. The stark contrast between Geneva and more affordable cities like Nantes, France, where the price was 3,700 euros per square meter, underscores the complex factors influencing urban property markets in Europe. Rental market dynamics and affordability challenges While purchase prices vary widely, rental markets across Europe also show significant differences. London maintained its position as the continent's priciest city for apartment rentals in 2023, with the average monthly costs for a rental apartment amounting to 36.1 euros per square meter. This figure is double the rent in Lisbon, Portugal or Madrid, Spain, and substantially higher than in other major capitals like Paris and Berlin. The disparity in rental costs reflects broader economic trends, housing policies, and the intricate balance of supply and demand in urban centers. Economic factors influencing housing costs The European housing market is influenced by various economic factors, including inflation and energy costs. As of April 2025, the European Union's inflation rate stood at 2.4 percent, with significant variations among member states. Romania experienced the highest inflation at 4.9 percent, while France and Cyprus maintained lower rates. These economic pressures, coupled with rising energy costs, contribute to the overall cost of living and housing affordability across Europe. The volatility in electricity prices, particularly in countries like Italy where rates are projected to reach 153.83 euros per megawatt hour by February 2025, further impacts housing-related expenses for both homeowners and renters.

Zurich in Switzerland was the most expensive business travel destination in Europe based on the average daily cost for food in 2020. That year, Zurich's total average meal price, including spending on breakfast, lunch, and dinner, amounted to roughly 265 U.S. dollars. Another Swiss city, Basel, ranked second on the list in 2020, with daily food costs of around 225 U.S. dollars.

The average for 2021 based on 27 countries was 119.106 index points. The highest value was in Luxembourg: 150.46 index points and the lowest value was in Romania: 81.63 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2021 based on 41 countries was 116.4 index points. The highest value was in Norway: 179.57 index points and the lowest value was in Ukraine: 59.6 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2021 based on 41 countries was 111.34 index points. The highest value was in Switzerland: 286.09 index points and the lowest value was in Belarus: 52.51 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2021 based on 41 countries was 110.69 index points. The highest value was in Turkey: 167.48 index points and the lowest value was in Russia: 71.26 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

Denmark is the most expensive EU country for drivers fueling their cars with gasoline. As of February 2024, Denmark's gasoline price averaged **** euros per liter. Of this amount, costs related to the product accounted for the greatest price component, at *** euros per liter.

The average for 2021 based on 41 countries was 107.06 index points. The highest value was in Switzerland: 156.92 index points and the lowest value was in Ukraine: 55 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

The average for 2021 based on 41 countries was 111.6 index points. The highest value was in Luxembourg: 422.59 index points and the lowest value was in Turkey: 10.85 index points. The indicator is available from 2017 to 2021. Below is a chart for all countries where data are available.

In 2024, Turkey had the highest inflation-adjusted house price index out of the ** European countries under observation, making it the country where house prices have increased the most since 2010. In Turkey, the house price index exceeded *** index points in the fourth quarter of 2024, showing an increase in real terms of *** percent since 2010, the baseline year for the index. Iceland and Estonia completed the top three, with an index value of *** and *** index points. In the past year, however, many European countries saw house prices decline in real terms. Where can I find other metrics on different housing markets in Europe? To assess the valuation in different housing markets, one can compare the house-price-to-income ratios of different countries worldwide. These ratios are calculated by dividing nominal house prices by nominal disposable income per head. There are also ratios that look at how residential property prices relate to domestic rents, such as the house-price-to-rent ratio for the United Kingdom. Unfortunately, these numbers are not available in a European overview. An overview of the price per square meter of an apartment in the EU-28 countries is available, however. One region, different markets An important trait of the European housing market is that there is not one market, but multiple. Property policy in Europe lies with the domestic governments, not with the European Union. This leads to significant differences between European countries, which shows in, for example, the homeownership rate (the share of owner-occupied dwellings of all homes). These differences also lead to another problem: the availability of data. Non-Europeans might be surprised to see that house price statistics vary in depth, as every country has their own methodology and no European body exists that tracks this data for the whole continent.

HICP: Country Weights: EU 27 excl UK data was reported at 805.890 Per 1000 in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 800.300 Per 1000 for 2024. HICP: Country Weights: EU 27 excl UK data is updated yearly, averaging 824.505 Per 1000 from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2025, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 845.870 Per 1000 in 2003 and a record low of 791.520 Per 1000 in 2022. HICP: Country Weights: EU 27 excl UK data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.I005: Eurostat: Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices: Weights.

According to the European Backpacker Price Index for 2025, Zurich in Switzerland was the most expensive destination for budget travelers. The average daily cost in that city – based on prices for a cheap hostel, budget meals, public transport, and a limited budget for entertainment – amounted to almost 164 U.S. dollars as of January 2025. In comparison, the same trip to Budapest, one of the most affordable cities for backpacking in Europe, would have cost less than 50 U.S. dollars per day.

Electricity prices in Europe are expected to remain volatile through 2025, with Italy projected to have some of the highest rates among major European economies. This trend reflects the ongoing challenges in the energy sector, including the transition to renewable sources and the impact of geopolitical events on supply chains. Despite efforts to stabilize the market, prices in countries like Italy are forecasted to reach 153.83 euros per megawatt hour by February 2025, indicating persistent pressure on consumers and businesses alike. Natural gas futures shaping electricity costs The electricity market's future trajectory is closely tied to natural gas prices, a key component in power generation. Dutch TTF gas futures, a benchmark for European natural gas prices, are projected to be 40.67 euros per megawatt hour in April 2025. This represents an increase of about 13 euros compared to the previous year, suggesting that gas prices will continue to influence electricity rates across Europe. The reduced output from the Groningen gas field and increased reliance on imports further complicate the pricing landscape, potentially contributing to higher electricity costs in countries like Italy. Regional disparities and global market influences While European electricity prices remain high, significant regional differences persist. For instance, natural gas prices in the United States are expected to be roughly one-third of those in Europe by March 2025, at 4.13 U.S. dollars per million British thermal units. This stark contrast highlights the impact of domestic production capabilities on global natural gas prices. Europe's greater reliance on imports, particularly in the aftermath of geopolitical tensions and the shift away from Russian gas, continues to keep prices elevated compared to more self-sufficient markets. As a result, countries like Italy may face sustained pressure on electricity prices due to their position within the broader European energy market. [673333]

HICP: Weights: EA19: RC: OM: Maintenance & Repair data was reported at 0.270 Per 1000 in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.260 Per 1000 for 2024. HICP: Weights: EA19: RC: OM: Maintenance & Repair data is updated yearly, averaging 0.040 Per 1000 from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2025, with 26 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.410 Per 1000 in 2019 and a record low of 0.000 Per 1000 in 2014. HICP: Weights: EA19: RC: OM: Maintenance & Repair data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Eurostat. The data is categorized under Global Database’s European Union – Table EU.I005: Eurostat: Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices: Weights.

In 2023, Sweden was the European Union member with the highest household natural gas price for an annual consumption greater than 200 gigajoules, at more than 20 euro cents per kilowatt-hour. The second-highest household gas price was recorded in the Netherlands, at 19.8 euro cents per kilowatt-hour. At the opposite end of the ranking, Hungary exhibited the lowest price for this consumption range, at 8.9 euro cents per kilowatt-hour.

Housing Index In the Euro Area increased to 150.39 points in the first quarter of 2025 from 148.47 points in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - Euro Area House Price Index - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

For industries with an annual consumption of 100,000 to 1,000,000 GJ in the European Union, natural gas prices were highest in Sweden, at 11.37 euro cents per kilowatt-hour in 2024. Finland followed, at 10.16 euro cents per kilowatt-hour. In contrast, the lowest prices were observed in Lithuania, at 3.87 euro cents per kilowatt-hour.

Boundless, the fully compliant Employer of Record platform, compiled and analysed the employment costs in 32 countries within Europe, including gross salary, social and health insurance contributions, income taxes, net pay and more.

To collect this data, Boundless leveraged their internal salary calculators, a resource developed and used by the Boundless Payroll team in collaboration with local payroll partners in each country. This approach enabled Boundless to capture the true costs associated with employing staff in each of the 32 countries, taking into account all applicable regional nuances, and ensure that the findings reflect the latest legal and economic conditions.

Euro Area - Producer prices in industry: Manufacture of electronic components and boards was 111.30 points in April of 2025, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Euro Area - Producer prices in industry: Manufacture of electronic components and boards - last updated from the EUROSTAT on July of 2025. Historically, Euro Area - Producer prices in industry: Manufacture of electronic components and boards reached a record high of 414.20 points in December of 2000 and a record low of 97.20 points in January of 2021.

As of April 2025, the inflation rate in the European Union was 2.4 percent, with prices rising fastest in Romania, which had an inflation rate of 4.9 percent. By contrast, both France and Cyprus saw low inflation rates during the same period, with France having the lowest inflation rate in the EU during this month. The rate of inflation in the EU in the October 2022 was higher than at any other time, with the peak prior to 2021 recorded in July 2008 when prices were growing by 4.4 percent year-on-year. Before the recent rises in inflation, price rises in the EU had been kept at relatively low levels, with the inflation rate remaining below three percent between January 2012 and August 2021. Rapid recovery and energy costs driving inflation The reopening of the European economy in 2021 following the sudden shock of COVID-19 in 2020 is behind many of the factors that have caused prices to rise so quickly in 2022. Global supply chains have not yet recovered from production issues, travel restrictions, and workforce problems brought about by the pandemic. Rising energy costs have only served to exacerbate supply problems, particularly with regard to the transport sector, which had the highest inflation rate of any sector in the EU in December 2021. High inflation rates mirrored in the U.S. The high inflation rates seen in Europe have been reflected in other parts of the world. In the United States, for example, the consumer price index reached a 40-year-high of seven percent in December 2021, influenced by many of the same factors driving European inflation. Nevertheless, it is hoped that once these supply chain issues ease, inflation levels will start to fall throughout the course of 2022.