In 2021, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania was the city with the highest poverty rate of the United States' most populated cities. In this statistic, the cities are sorted by poverty rate, not population. The most populated city in 2021 according to the source was New York city - which had a poverty rate of 18 percent.

Data on child protection in the six largest cities in Finland since 2008.

Information is arranged in tabs

1. by year (data for all cities for each year)
2. by city (data for each city since 2008).

The definitions used in the data collection are compiled in their own tab.

The number of persons placed in the reports includes all persons placed in accordance with the Child Welfare Act: children (0-17 years old) placed as an aid measure in open care, urgently placed in care and taken into care, as well as young people (18-20 years old) placed in after-care decisions.

The six cities are made up of the six most populous cities in Finland. In the order of population, the six cities include Helsinki, Espoo, Tampere, Vantaa, Turku and Oulu. The six working groups compare social and health care services in cities and early childhood education and care services. Data on customer numbers, deliverables, personnel and costs are mainly compiled from municipalities’ own information systems and financial statements. City experts agree on the most uniform possible definitions for data collection and implement the data collection in practice.

Cities are facing climate-related hazards that are becoming ever more frequent and severe. The services and assets most affected by climate change in cities as of 2020 were water supply and sanitation. Nearly *** cities are anticipated to be affected by this by 2025.

Cities are facing climate-related hazards that are becoming ever more frequent and severe. As of 2020, about *** cities globally reported that the elderly population was the most vulnerable to climate change.

Income support from the six largest cities since 2005.

Social assistance covers both customers (households and persons) and costs. Since the need for social assistance and unemployment are interlinked, the reports also examine the employment situation at the end of each year. The report on social assistance has been created in cooperation with the expert working group on adult social work in the six largest cities.

Income support has been included in comparisons since the beginning of Kuusikko work. The operations started between three cities in the Helsinki metropolitan area already in 1994, when the first comparison of the number of customers and costs of social assistance was carried out on the basis of 1993 data. The first five cities’ income support report was compiled from 1995 when Turku and Tampere joined the work. The actual Kuusikko was reached in 2005, when Oulu also participated in the comparisons of income support.

The sixth cities are made up of the six most populous cities in Finland. The six cities in the order of the population include Helsinki, Espoo, Tampere, Vantaa, Turku and Oulu. The six working groups compare the social and health services of cities and early childhood education and care services. Data on customer numbers, performances, personnel and costs are mainly compiled from municipalities’ own information systems and financial statements. City experts agree on as uniform definitions as possible for data collection and implement the data collection in practice.

Tendo City(Tendo Shi)'s (Expenditure by purpose) Social welfare (municipalities) is 1,808,270[1,000 yen] which is the 612th highest in Japan (by City). It also ranks 5th in Yamagata Prefecture, with 4.69% share of the entire Yamagata. Transition Graphs and Comparison chart between Tendo City and Koshi City(Kumamoto) and Hasuda City(Saitama)(Closest City in Population) are available. Various data can be downloaded and output in csv format for use in EXCEL free of charge.

Social and economic figures for 67 large West German cities. The data aggregated at city level have been collected for most topics over several years, but not necessarily over the entire reference time period.

Topics: 1. Situation of the city: surface area of the city; fringe location in the Federal Republic.

1. Residential population: total residential population; German and foreign residential population.

2. Population movement:live births; deaths; influx; departures; birth rate; death rate; population shifts; divorce rate; migration rate; illegitimate births.

3. Education figures: school degrees; occupational degrees; university degrees.

4. Wage and income: number of taxpayers in the various tax classes as well as municipality income tax revenue in the respective classes; calculated income figures, such as e.g. inequality of income distribution, mean income or mean wage of employees as well as standard deviation of these figures; GINI index.

5. Gross domestic product and gross product: gross product altogether; gross product organized according to area of business; gross domestic product; employees in the economic sectors.

6. Taxes and debts: debt per resident; income tax and business tax to which the municipality is entitled; municipality tax potential and indicators for municipality economic strength.

7. Debt repayment and management expenditures: debt repayment, interest expenditures, management expenditures and personnel expenditures.

8. From the ´BUNTE´ City Test of 1979 based on 100 respondents per city averages of satisfaction were calculated. satisfaction with: central location of the city, the number of green areas, historical buildings, the number of high-rises, the variety of the citizens, openness to the world, the dialect spoken, the sociability, the density of the traffic network, the OEPNV prices {local public passenger transport}, the supply of public transportation, provision with culture, the selection for consumers, the climate, clean air, noise pollution, the leisure selection, real estate prices, the supply of residences, one´s own payment, the job market selection, the distance from work, the number of one´s friends, contact opportunities, receptiveness of the neighbors, local recreational areas, sport opportunities and the selection of further education possibilities.

9. Traffic and economy: airport and Intercity connection; number of kilometers of subway available, kilometers of streetcar, and kilometers of bus lines per resident; car rate; index of traffic quality; commuters; property prices; prices for one´s own home; purchasing power.

10. Crime: recorded total crime and classification according to armed robbery, theft from living-rooms, of automobiles as well as from motor vehicles, robberies and purse snatching; classification according to young or adult suspects with these crimes; crime stress figures. 12. Welfare: welfare recipients and social expenditures; proportion of welfare recipients in the total population and classification according to German and foreign recipients; aid with livelihood; expenditures according to the youth welfare law; kindergarten openings; culture expenditures per resident. 13. Foreigners: proportion of foreigners in the residential population.

11. Students: number of German students and total number of students; proportion of students in the residential population.

12. Unemployed: unemployment rate; unemployed according to employment office districts and employment office departments.

13. Places of work: workers employed in companies, organized according to area of business.

14. Government employees: full-time, part-time and total government employees of federal government, states and municipalities as well as differentiated according to workers, employees, civil servants and judges.

15. Employees covered by social security according to education and branch of economy: proportion of various education levels in the individual branches of the economy.

As of 2018, Naples, in the South, and Trieste, in the North-East, were the Italian cities with the largest share of social housing. In these two cities, ** percent of all housing units were social housing, respectively. Milan and Bologna followed. Overall, there were roughly *** thousand housing units in Italy.

China City Labor Market: Demand: Health Care, Social Security & Welfare data was reported at 40.916 Person th in Mar 2014. This records an increase from the previous number of 38.291 Person th for Dec 2013. China City Labor Market: Demand: Health Care, Social Security & Welfare data is updated quarterly, averaging 40.916 Person th from Sep 2005 (Median) to Mar 2014, with 35 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 56.393 Person th in Jun 2009 and a record low of 26.103 Person th in Mar 2006. China City Labor Market: Demand: Health Care, Social Security & Welfare data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Labour Market – Table CN.GJ: City Labor Market: Demand of Labour: by Industry.

All Employees: Health Care and Social Assistance in Baltimore City, MD was 75.90000 Thous. of Persons in January of 2023, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, All Employees: Health Care and Social Assistance in Baltimore City, MD reached a record high of 77.60000 in January of 2019 and a record low of 60.30000 in January of 1991. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for All Employees: Health Care and Social Assistance in Baltimore City, MD - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

From 1980 to 2000, the rise in the US college/high school graduate wage gap coincided with increased geographic sorting as college graduates concentrated in high wage, high rent cities. This paper estimates a structural spatial equilibrium model to determine causes and welfare consequences of this increased skill sorting. While local labor demand changes fundamentally caused the increased skill sorting, it was further fueled by endogenous increases in amenities within higher skill cities. Changes in cities' wages, rents, and endogenous amenities increased inequality between high school and college graduates by more than suggested by the increase in the college wage gap alone. (JEL D31, I26, J24, J31, J61, R23)

All Employees: Social Assistance in New York City, NY was 273.60000 Thous. of Persons in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, All Employees: Social Assistance in New York City, NY reached a record high of 273.60000 in January of 2024 and a record low of 102.10000 in January of 1990. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for All Employees: Social Assistance in New York City, NY - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Number of customers, services and costs of services with disabilities in the six largest cities in Finland since 2004.

Since 2017, the data has been combined with a comparison of mental disability care.

The examinations of the number of customers, services and costs of services for disabled persons in the six largest cities in Finland are limited to both services under the Act on Special Care for Persons with intellectual disabilities (519/1977) and services intended for persons with disabilities, focusing on those laid down in the Act on Services and Support Measures based on Disability (380/1987).

Persons with intellectual disabilities may receive priority services on the basis of, for example, the Social Welfare Act (1301/2014), the Child Care Act (36/1973) and the Health Care Act (1326/2010). Turku’s data includes services in accordance with the Social Welfare Act. Services are also provided to persons with intellectual disabilities on the basis of the Act on Disability Services and Support Measures (380/1987), and these services are included in the section of disability services. In addition, short-term care for persons with intellectual disabilities related to the holidays of informal care allowance (Act 937/2005 on support for informal care) is included in the data of Vantaa and Turku and in Espoo’s data concerning own activities and one service provider. In Helsinki and Tampere, informal care leave are involved in their own activities. Transport services are also examined in accordance with the Social Welfare Act (SHL, 1301/2014), as this service affects the use of transport services under the Disability Services Act.

The service packages included are personal assistance, outpatient care services (transport services, housing support services and work and day activities), 24-hour housing services, family care for people with intellectual disabilities and institutional care for people with intellectual disabilities.

The sixth cities are made up of the six most populous cities in Finland. The six cities in the order of the population include Helsinki, Espoo, Tampere, Vantaa, Turku and Oulu. The six working groups compare the social and health services of cities and early childhood education and care services. Data on customer numbers, performances, personnel and costs are mainly compiled from municipalities’ own information systems and financial statements. City experts agree on as uniform definitions as possible for data collection and implement the data collection in practice.

All Employees: Education and Health Services: Social Assistance in New York City, NY was 284.50000 Thous. of Persons in March of 2025, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, All Employees: Education and Health Services: Social Assistance in New York City, NY reached a record high of 284.60000 in February of 2025 and a record low of 101.10000 in July of 1990. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for All Employees: Education and Health Services: Social Assistance in New York City, NY - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on July of 2025.

Triggering economic growth is a requirement to promote human welfare and realize sustainable development in many developing countries. However, place-based policies’ impact on economic growth is debatable, and its underlying mechanism is unknown. China’s Old Revolutionary Development Program (ORDP) is a large-scale and novel type of place-based policy targeted at undeveloped regions in China. We evaluate the effect of ORDP on economic growth by employing a time-varying difference-in-differences model and further explore the potential mechanisms and heterogeneity effects. VIIRS/DNB nightlight data is used to measure economic growth. We find that ORDP can significantly promote economic growth by 4.0% and the result is still robust after several tests. Mechanism analysis shows that ORDP can improve economic growth through government intervention, industrial structure optimization, and information infrastructure construction. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the ORDP performs better on economic growth in central Chinese cities and high-economy cities. At the same time, our paper provides three practical suggestions for stimulating economic growth in ORDP, which can be enlightening for other developing countries.

All Employees: Health Care and Social Assistance in New York City, NY was 996.70000 Thous. of Persons in January of 2024, according to the United States Federal Reserve. Historically, All Employees: Health Care and Social Assistance in New York City, NY reached a record high of 996.70000 in January of 2024 and a record low of 375.20000 in January of 1990. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for All Employees: Health Care and Social Assistance in New York City, NY - last updated from the United States Federal Reserve on August of 2025.

The monthly minimum wage in Russia as of January 1, 2025, amounted to ****** Russian rubles, or approximately *** U.S. dollars using the exchange rate as of February 28, 2025. In the capital Moscow, it was set at ****** Russian rubles, or around *** U.S. dollars. In the country's second-largest city, Saint Petersburg, it was lower, at ****** Russian rubles. Since 2021, the minimum wage in Russia has been calculated as 42 percent of the median wage. Between 2018 and 2020, it equaled to the minimum cost of living that was set in the country. The poor and the rich in Russia Around ** million residents lived under the poverty line in Russia. Those earning the highest 20 percent of income accounted for approximately ** percent of the total composite monetary income in 2023, while the group with the lowest income had a ***-percent share. Regional disparities The economic disparity was also observed across Russian federal subjects. The median monthly wage ranged from ****** Russian rubles in the Kabardino-Balkaria Republic to ****** Russian rubles in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug between September 2018 and August 2019. Minimum wage thresholds can be regulated by regional authorities, as long as they are not lower than the federal minimum wage.

1. Provide various elderly-related services and social welfare consultation. 2. Display various parenting and senior citizen magazines, periodicals, and books for reading. 3. Set up the Silver Hair Life Guru Hall, to understand the life stories and skills inheritance of the elderly through retrospection. 4. Assist in referring the economically disadvantaged, high-risk families, and caring for accidents and natural disasters. 5. Provide the Dongshi District Senior Citizen Academy. 6. Set up daytime care services. 7. Organize various legitimate leisure activities for senior citizens. 8. Set up a volunteer hair-cutting team to provide free haircuts for vulnerable groups.

Snapshot img

Smart City Information And Communication Technologies Infrastructure Market Size 2024-2028

The smart city information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure market size is forecast to increase by USD 138.6 billion at a CAGR of 23.74% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to several key trends and factors. Firstly, the increasing investments in smart cities worldwide are driving market expansion. Secondly, the proliferation of smart city projects in emerging economies is creating new opportunities for market growth. Thirdly, the growing adoption of Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication in various industries, including transportation, energy, and healthcare, is fueling the demand for advanced ICT infrastructure. Additionally, the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and the implementation of 5G networks are expected to further boost market growth. Overall, the Smart City ICT infrastructure market is poised for strong growth In the coming years as more cities embrace digital transformation to enhance their livability, sustainability, and efficiency.

What will be the Size of the Smart City Information And Communication Technologies (ICT) Infrastructure Market During the Forecast Period?

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The market encompasses innovative technology solutions for various sectors including Smart Grid, Smart Water Network, Smart Healthcare, Smart Education, Smart Security, Smart Transport, Express Industry, Digital Infrastructure, and more. Population expansion in urban areas, driven by the Smart Cities Mission, necessitates operational efficiency and citizens' welfare. Silicon Valleys and Intellectual Metropolis serve as hubs for technological advancements, propelling the market forward. Smart Grid ensures efficient energy management, while Smart Water Network promotes water conservation. Smart Healthcare facilitates remote patient monitoring and telemedicine services. Smart Education offers digital learning solutions, and Smart Security ensures public safety.
Smart Transportation eases commuting, and Smart Governance enhances city management. Smart Buildings optimize energy usage, and Smart Transportation and Smart Energy contribute to sustainable development. Urban practitioners prioritize the importance of Smart Security, Smart Transport, and Smart Residents in enhancing urban landscapes. Overall, the market is expected to grow significantly, driven by the need for operational efficiency and citizens' welfare In the context of urbanization and sustainable development.

How is this Smart City Information And Communication Technologies (ICT) Infrastructure Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Application

  Communication
  Transportation
  Express
  Governement
  Education


Component

  Smart utilities
  Smart transport
  Smart home and building
  Others


Geography

  Europe

    Germany
    UK
    Spain


  North America

    US


  APAC

    Japan


  Middle East and Africa



  South America

By Application Insights

The communication segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. The communication segment of the global smart city ICT infrastructure market plays a pivotal role in facilitating seamless interaction between cities and their stakeholders. This segment comprises various technologies and solutions, such as wireless networks and broadband infrastructure. Wireless networks, including 5G networks and fiber-optic internet, serve as the foundation for smart city communications, enabling citizens and businesses to access essential services and information anywhere withIn the city. High-speed broadband connectivity is essential for several smart city applications, such as smart transportation, smart buildings, and smart energy. Additionally, this infrastructure supports the implementation of smart grid, smart water networks, smart healthcare, smart education, smart security, and other innovative technologies that contribute to operational efficiency, citizens' welfare, and sustainable development.

Get a glance at the market report of share of various segments Request Free Sample

The communication segment was valued at USD 14.20 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

Europe is estimated to contribute 44% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period. Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period. The market is experiencing significant growth due to urbanization and industrial transformation w

Sosa City(Sosa Shi)'s (Expenditure by purpose) Social welfare (municipalities) is 1,286,556[1,000 yen] which is the 782nd highest in Japan (by City). It also ranks 36th in Chiba Prefecture, with 0.64% share of the entire Chiba. Transition Graphs and Comparison chart between Sosa City and Ofunato City(Iwate) and Sawa gun tamamura Town(Gunma)(Closest City in Population) are available. Various data can be downloaded and output in csv format for use in EXCEL free of charge.