This dataset consists of ~18000 scanned images (available to download in .jpg, but high resolution .tiff images are also available) from historical UK tide gauge ledgers. In 1993 the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC) acquired the registers from the Mersey Docks and Harbour Company (MDHC). These registers were in the form of large, leather‐bound volumes dating back to 1853 for Hilbre Island and 1857 for Georges Pier. The earlier books for Georges Pier and Hilbre Island contain 1/4 hourly heights and the remaining volumes mainly list high and low waters. Some of the ledgers include metrological data alongside the tidal information. There was also one ledger from the port of Sheerness. There were 142 books included in this project. The majority of the sites were in the Mersey Estuary, with one in the Thames Estuary. The sites are listed below, with the time period covered (gaps not shown): Dutton Locks Lower Gauge, River Weaver (53.28778,-2.62111) 1897-1917 Dutton Locks Upper Gauge, River Weaver (53.35111,-2.90694) 1897-1906 Eastham Lock, Mersey (53.3167,-2.9499) 1892-1981 Fiddlers Ferry (53.36667,-2.65) 1891-1974 Frodsham Bridge, River Weaver (53.30167,-2.70833) 1891-1917 Garston Dock, Mersey (53.40528,-2.99444) 1892-1917 George’s Pier, Liverpool (53.28333,-2.85) 1857-1912 Hale Head, Mersey (53.38333,-2.6) 1891-1917 Hilbre Island (53.3833,-3.2276) 1853-1987 Liverpool, Gladstone Dock (53.44969,-3.018) 1971-1981 Liverpool, Princes Pier (53.4083,-2.9983) 1971-1981 Stanlaw, Mersey (53.39556,-3.00833) 1891-1917 Sheerness (51.44564,0.74344) 1832-1849 Tranmere (53.3756,-2.9978) 1974-1981 Warrington, Mersey (53.28722,-2.6225) 1891-1912 Waterloo (53.4125,-3.0031) 1986-1987 Widnes, Mersey (53.32361,-2.79306) 1892-1917 Woodside Landing, Birkenhead (53.35,-2.73333) 1847-1897 The ledger scanning was put out to tender. Most of the ledgers were quite old and fragile, the books had to be preserved in their original format and binding and care had to be taken to prevent further deterioration as they were irreplaceable. It was specified in the tender that a specialist organisation was required with a proven track record of handling antique books. They had to use an archival quality overhead flatbed book scanner/ planetary scanner to preserve the pages and spines of the books. Some of the ledgers were quite large and required a scanner that could accommodate them without damage. The aim of this project was to digitise and scan historic analogue chart and manuscript sea level records held in the archive of the British Oceanographic Data Centre and to make these records available to the wider community. These data are unrepeatable scientific measurements and we want to encourage their reuse. Extending back and infilling tide gauge records will help with, among other things, climate change research, storm surge predictions and coastal land movement studies. BODC received a grant from the JISC eContent Capital Programme 2011-13, Strand B: Mass Digitisation to carry out the scanning of the ledgers.

This dataset contains high frequency observations from tide gauges managed by the UK National Tide Gauge Network. The data have been processed and quality controlled by the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC). cdm_data_type=TimeSeries cdm_timeseries_variables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude contributor_name=UK National Tide Gauge Network, Environment Agency contributor_role=Network operator Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3, NCCSV-1.2 Easternmost_Easting=-6.31642 featureType=TimeSeries geospatial_lat_max=49.91847 geospatial_lat_min=49.91847 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-6.31642 geospatial_lon_min=-6.31642 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east history=Delayed mode data processed and quality controlled following GLOSS standard procedures httpGetDirectoryStructure=tidal_station_id/1months httpGetRequiredVariables=tidal_station_id, time infoUrl=https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/hosted_data_systems/sea_level/uk_tide_gauge_network/ institution=The Environment Agency institution_id=https://edmo.seadatanet.org/report/90 keywords_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ Northernmost_Northing=49.91847 processing_level=Delayed mode (Level 2 Quality Control-L2) (Described in https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-854 section 2.1 DATA STREAMS) sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=49.91847 standard_name_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P07/current/ subsetVariables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude tide_gauge_station_benchmark=See site history document URL: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/documents/nodb/277518/ tide_gauge_station_id=St. Mary's tide_gauge_station_latitude=49.91847 tide_gauge_station_longitude=-6.31642 time_coverage_end=2024-09-30T16:59:59.998Z time_coverage_start=2024-06-01T00:00:00.000Z Westernmost_Easting=-6.31642

This database, and the accompanying website called ‘SurgeWatch’ (http://surgewatch.stg.rlp.io), provides a systematic UK-wide record of high sea level and coastal flood events over the last 100 years (1915-2014). Derived using records from the National Tide Gauge Network, a dataset of exceedence probabilities from the Environment Agency and meteorological fields from the 20th Century Reanalysis, the database captures information of 96 storm events that generated the highest sea levels around the UK since 1915. For each event, the database contains information about: (1) the storm that generated that event; (2) the sea levels recorded around the UK during the event; and (3) the occurrence and severity of coastal flooding as consequence of the event. The data are presented to be easily assessable and understandable to a wide range of interested parties. The database contains 100 files; four CSV files and 96 PDF files. Two CSV files contain the meteorological and sea level data for each of the 96 events. A third file contains the list of the top 20 largest skew surges at each of the 40 study tide gauge site. In the file containing the sea level and skew surge data, the tide gauge sites are numbered 1 to 40. A fourth accompanying CSV file lists, for reference, the site name and location (longitude and latitude). A description of the parameters in each of the four CSV files is given in the table below. There are also 96 separate PDF files containing the event commentaries. For each event these contain a concise narrative of the meteorological and sea level conditions experienced during the event, and a succinct description of the evidence available in support of coastal flooding, with a brief account of the recorded consequences to people and property. In addition, these contain graphical representation of the storm track and mean sea level pressure and wind fields at the time of maximum high water, the return period and skew surge magnitudes at sites around the UK, and a table of the date and time, offset return period, water level, predicted tide and skew surge for each site where the 1 in 5 year threshold was reached or exceeded for each event. A detailed description of how the database was created is given in Haigh et al. (2015). Coastal flooding caused by extreme sea levels can be devastating, with long-lasting and diverse consequences. The UK has a long history of severe coastal flooding. The recent 2013-14 winter in particular, produced a sequence of some of the worst coastal flooding the UK has experienced in the last 100 years. At present 2.5 million properties and £150 billion of assets are potentially exposed to coastal flooding. Yet despite these concerns, there is no formal, national framework in the UK to record flood severity and consequences and thus benefit an understanding of coastal flooding mechanisms and consequences. Without a systematic record of flood events, assessment of coastal flooding around the UK coast is limited. The database was created at the School of Ocean and Earth Science, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton with help from the Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, the National Oceanography Centre and the British Oceanographic Data Centre. Collation of the database and the development of the website was funded through a Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) impact acceleration grant. The database contributes to the objectives of UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) consortium project FLOOD Memory (EP/K013513/1).

The dataset comprises scanned images of historical analogue charts and data ledgers from eight tide gauge sites around the UK. The sites include: Sheerness, Belfast, and several sites around Liverpool managed by the Mersey Docks and Harbour Company namely, Eastham, Gladstone, Hilbre, Princes Pier, Tranmere and Waterloo. The Sheerness ledger data represents some of the earliest records of sea level data in the UK and cover the periods - January 1870 to December 1881, July 1882 to October 1894 and December 1929 to April 1941. Data availability for the other sites are: Belfast analogue charts - 27 November 1901 to 24 May 1902; Princes Pier ledgers: - 1941 to 1950, 1951 to 1960 and 1961 to 1970; Eastham, Gladstone, Hilbre, Princes Pier, Tranmere and Waterloo ledgers: - 1982 to 1988. The data recorded in some of the ledgers also describe meteorological measurements for example, air pressure, air temperature, wind speed and direction, and precipitation and evaporation. Funding to rescue these historical sea level data came from the Marine Environmental Data and Information Network (MEDIN) and the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC).These images have now been added to the National Oceanographic Database and are freely available to registered users (subject to licence agreement).

This dataset consists of high resolution tiff photographed images of tide gauge charts, from various historical tide gauges from the Grand Harbour (Port of Valletta), Malta. Due to the historical nature of these records, there is little associated metadata with the original charts. They come from various individual tide gauge locations around the Grand Harbour (Port of Valletta), Malta, and some are labelled with more specific locations, such as French Creek and Ricasoli Breakwater. General coordinates have been given for the geographic coverage: 14.49E to 14.53E, 35.87N to 35.9N. The earliest chart is from the 01/06/1871 and the latest is from 1926. There are gaps of several years in the dataset. In his 1878 paper, On the tides at Malta, G. B. Airy describes the gauge in operation in 1871: "The float was a copper vessel, nearly spherical, about 8 inches in diameter; a vertical rod attached to it passed freely through a guide, and was hinged to the end of a horizontal lever, of which the arms were so proportioned that each space marked on the tabular form between the horizontal lines [one-fourth of an inch. - G.B.A.] corresponded accurately to an inch rise or fall of the float." "The cylinder on which the paper was wrapped revolved once in 24 hours". It is not known how long this gauge was in operation for, but all of the tide gauges that produced the tide gauge charts in this dataset would have been float gauges. The original charts were collected by the Royal Navy as part of their surveying duties of the Grand Harbour. The United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) had these charts in its archives, which were difficult to access and in need of conservation. The charts were conserved and photographed and made publically available as digital images to help preserve one of the longest and earliest temporal series of sea level data in the Mediterranean. The original data were collected by the Royal Navy and were placed in the archives of the Admiralty, now the UKHO. The conserved and photographed images were created by the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office Archives for the MALTESER, MediterrAnean Long TErm SEa level Rescue project and then deposited with the British Oceanographic Data Centre. This project was funded under the Central Government Breakthrough Fund, 2014. Reference: Airy, G. B. (1878). On the tides at Malta. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 169, 123-138.

The data are simulated instantaneous sea surface elevations above time-mean sea level due to tides alone. The data were produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre. The data were produced to investigate the impact of simulated mean sea level increase on UK coastal tides. To produce the data, the CS3 continental shelf model was used to simulate the tides under various different amounts of mean sea level increase (simulated by simply increasing the bathymetry). The data are the resulting simulated sea surface elevations above the mean sea level. The data covers a period of about 28 days (one spring-neap cycle), and applies to the UK coast.

There are several caveats which should be noted when using the ‘UKCP18 Simulated Impact of Mean Sea Level Change on Tidal Characteristics around the UK’ dataset: 1. The spin-up period has been included in the data. It takes about 48 hours to spin up to a realistic tide so users should remove the first 48 hours of data, or conduct their own analysis to assess how much spin-up time to remove, in order to get a realistic representation of the tide. 2. A land-sea mask has not been applied to the data so users should take care to ensure they are only using data from sea locations. 3. There is a rim of zeros around the edge of the data which should be ignored.

This dataset contains high frequency observations from tide gauges managed by the UK National Tide Gauge Network. The data have been processed and quality controlled by the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC). cdm_data_type=TimeSeries cdm_timeseries_variables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude contributor_name=UK National Tide Gauge Network, Environment Agency contributor_role=Network operator Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3, NCCSV-1.2 Easternmost_Easting=1.32267 featureType=TimeSeries geospatial_lat_max=51.11439 geospatial_lat_min=51.11439 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=1.32267 geospatial_lon_min=1.32267 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east history=Delayed mode data processed and quality controlled following GLOSS standard procedures httpGetDirectoryStructure=tidal_station_id/1months httpGetRequiredVariables=tidal_station_id, time infoUrl=https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/hosted_data_systems/sea_level/uk_tide_gauge_network/ institution=The Environment Agency institution_id=https://edmo.seadatanet.org/report/90 keywords_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ Northernmost_Northing=51.11439 processing_level=Delayed mode (Level 2 Quality Control-L2) (Described in https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-854 section 2.1 DATA STREAMS) sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=51.11439 standard_name_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P07/current/ subsetVariables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude tide_gauge_station_benchmark=See site history document URL: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/documents/nodb/277308/ tide_gauge_station_id=Dover tide_gauge_station_latitude=51.11439 tide_gauge_station_longitude=1.32267 time_coverage_end=2024-09-30T16:59:59.998Z time_coverage_start=2024-06-01T00:00:00.000Z Westernmost_Easting=1.32267

This dataset contains high and low water values manually digitised from historic hand-written tabulated ledgers, from the Port of London Authority (PLA). The dataset contains 463 years of data, from across 15 tide gauge sites along the Thames Estuary (bounding box = -0.3159°W, 51.3914°N, 1.3797°E, 51.8428°N), for the period 1911 to 1995. When these historic records are combined with digital records available from the PLA since 1995, the new sea level time-series spans the 111-year period from 1911 to 2021. London is one of the world's most important coastal cities and is located around the Thames Estuary. Quantifying changes in sea levels in the Thames Estuary over the 20^th century and early part of the 21^st century is vital to inform future management of flood risk in London. This dataset is of importance for ongoing monitoring of mean sea-level rise, and changes in tidal range and extreme sea levels in the Thames Estuary. The project was led by the School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton and the Environment Agency, with contributions from the Port of London Authority. The study contributes to the objectives of UK National Environment Research Council (NERC) project E-Rise: Earliest detection of sea-level rise accelerations to inform lead time to upgrade/replace coastal flood defence infrastructure (NE/P009069/1; I.D.H.). Data are made available under the NERC Open Government Licence.

The data are simulated instantaneous sea surface elevations above time-mean sea level due to tides alone (tideAnom) and due to tide and meteorological surge (tideSurgeAnom). The data were produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre, using data made available by the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) and the Climate Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5 (CMIP5). The data were produced to investigate the impact of simulated atmospheric storminess change on extreme sea levels. To produce the data, atmospheric winds and pressure from the SMHI Regional Atmospheric Model RCA4 was used to drive the CS3 continental shelf model. The data are the resulting simulated sea surface elevations. Five CMIP5 historical simulations were downscaled in this way: EC-EARTH, HadGEM2-ES, MPI-ESM-LR, IPSL-CM5A-MR, CNRM-CM5. The data covers the period 1970 to 2005, and applies to the UK coast.

The tide tables cover the world in four volumes, re-published annually. Volume 1 covers United Kingdom and Ireland (including European Channel Ports) Volume 2 covers Europe (excluding United Kingdom and Ireland), the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean.
Volume 3 covers the Indian Ocean and South China Sea.
Volume 4 covers the Pacific Ocean and adjacent seas.

Each volume has an introductory section briefly describing methods of prediction and the effect of meteorological conditions on tides, and comments on special tidal problems of the area covered.

The main function of the tables is to give daily predictions of the times and heights of high and low waters at about 240 Standard Ports, and further information in the form of time and height difference from the standard ports for about 6500 Secondary Ports. The tables also give the four main harmonic constants for about 5000 ports, both Standard and Secondary. In addition, where necessary, information is provided which enables shallow water corrections to be applied. The tables include instructions and worked examples.

Supplementary information provided consists of tables which give methods of obtaining intermediate heights between high and low water; special data for the double-tide area around the Isle of Wight; conversion tables from feet to metres; tables of tidal levels at standard ports; the connections between Admiralty Chart Datum and Land Survey Datum in the British Isles and in some other ports; tables of tidal angles and factors; astronomical arguments for use in the harmonic prediction and analysis of tides. Volumes 3 and 4 also contain daily predictions for tidal streams in certain areas where the streams are of particular navigational importance and where predictions in this form are possible. Tidal stream harmonic constants are also included for a few positions in Volumes 2, 3 and 4.

In addition, times and heights of high and low water, hourly and ten minute heights can be produced by the Hydrographic Office on disc or as an e-mail attachment through the Tidal Prediction Service.

Also available is a disc enabling tidal prediction by the Simplified Harmonic Method for Windows (DP560).

This dataset contains high frequency observations from tide gauges managed by the UK National Tide Gauge Network. The data have been processed and quality controlled by the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC). cdm_data_type=TimeSeries cdm_timeseries_variables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude contributor_name=UK National Tide Gauge Network, Environment Agency contributor_role=Network operator Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3, NCCSV-1.2 Easternmost_Easting=-3.18169 featureType=TimeSeries geospatial_lat_max=55.98983 geospatial_lat_min=55.98983 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-3.18169 geospatial_lon_min=-3.18169 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east history=Delayed mode data processed and quality controlled following GLOSS standard procedures httpGetDirectoryStructure=tidal_station_id/1months httpGetRequiredVariables=tidal_station_id, time infoUrl=https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/hosted_data_systems/sea_level/uk_tide_gauge_network/ institution=The Environment Agency institution_id=https://edmo.seadatanet.org/report/90 keywords_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ Northernmost_Northing=55.98983 processing_level=Delayed mode (Level 2 Quality Control-L2) (Described in https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-854 section 2.1 DATA STREAMS) sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=55.98983 standard_name_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P07/current/ subsetVariables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude tide_gauge_station_benchmark=See site history document URL: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/documents/nodb/277399/ tide_gauge_station_id=Leith tide_gauge_station_latitude=55.98983 tide_gauge_station_longitude=-3.18169 time_coverage_end=2024-09-30T16:59:59.998Z time_coverage_start=2024-06-01T00:00:00.000Z Westernmost_Easting=-3.18169

This dataset contains high frequency observations from tide gauges managed by the UK National Tide Gauge Network. The data have been processed and quality controlled by the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC). cdm_data_type=TimeSeries cdm_timeseries_variables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude contributor_name=UK National Tide Gauge Network, Environment Agency contributor_role=Network operator Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3, NCCSV-1.2 Easternmost_Easting=-5.66947 featureType=TimeSeries geospatial_lat_max=54.66475 geospatial_lat_min=54.66475 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-5.66947 geospatial_lon_min=-5.66947 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east history=Delayed mode data processed and quality controlled following GLOSS standard procedures httpGetDirectoryStructure=tidal_station_id/1months httpGetRequiredVariables=tidal_station_id, time infoUrl=https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/hosted_data_systems/sea_level/uk_tide_gauge_network/ institution=The Environment Agency institution_id=https://edmo.seadatanet.org/report/90 keywords_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ Northernmost_Northing=54.66475 processing_level=Delayed mode (Level 2 Quality Control-L2) (Described in https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-854 section 2.1 DATA STREAMS) sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=54.66475 standard_name_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P07/current/ subsetVariables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude tide_gauge_station_benchmark=See site history document URL: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/documents/nodb/277168/ tide_gauge_station_id=Bangor tide_gauge_station_latitude=54.66475 tide_gauge_station_longitude=-5.66947 time_coverage_end=2024-09-30T16:59:59.998Z time_coverage_start=2024-06-01T00:00:00.000Z Westernmost_Easting=-5.66947

This dataset contains high frequency observations from tide gauges managed by the UK National Tide Gauge Network. The data have been processed and quality controlled by the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC). cdm_data_type=TimeSeries cdm_timeseries_variables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude contributor_name=UK National Tide Gauge Network, Environment Agency contributor_role=Network operator Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3, NCCSV-1.2 Easternmost_Easting=-2.11667 featureType=TimeSeries geospatial_lat_max=49.18333 geospatial_lat_min=49.18333 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-2.11667 geospatial_lon_min=-2.11667 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east history=Delayed mode data processed and quality controlled following GLOSS standard procedures httpGetDirectoryStructure=tidal_station_id/1months httpGetRequiredVariables=tidal_station_id, time infoUrl=https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/hosted_data_systems/sea_level/uk_tide_gauge_network/ institution=The Environment Agency institution_id=https://edmo.seadatanet.org/report/90 keywords_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ Northernmost_Northing=49.18333 processing_level=Delayed mode (Level 2 Quality Control-L2) (Described in https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-854 section 2.1 DATA STREAMS) sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=49.18333 standard_name_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P07/current/ subsetVariables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude tide_gauge_station_benchmark=See site history document URL: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/documents/nodb/277385/ tide_gauge_station_id=St. Helier tide_gauge_station_latitude=49.18333 tide_gauge_station_longitude=-2.11667 time_coverage_end=2024-09-30T16:59:59.998Z time_coverage_start=2024-06-01T00:00:00.000Z Westernmost_Easting=-2.11667

The Irish Tide Gauge Network (ITGN) is a network of operational and historical 19 tide gauges around the coastline of Ireland. A tide gauge (also known as a mareograph or marigraph or sea level recorder) is a device for measuring the daily changes in sea level relative to a datum which in Ireland is known as the Malin Head Ordnance Datum. Within the Irish Tide Gauge Network there are various sensors recording longitude, latitude, date time, altitude, water level (m), water level to Lowest Astronomical Tide (m), water level to OD Malin (m), atmospheric pressure, sea temperature and data quality flags. The tide gauges are located on piers around the coastline of the Republic of Ireland. The first tide gauge became operational in 2006 with other tide gauges coming online during 2008, 2010 and 2017. Tide gauges feed data to the online databases in near real-time. Tide gauges support the monitoring and understanding of tides around the coastline of Ireland. The Irish Tide Gauge Network infrastructure has been supported by the Marine Operations team and data collected has been supported by the Oceanographic Services team within Ocean Science and Information Services of the Marine Institute (Ireland). Data complete for when tide gauges are operational. Incomplete time periods of data represent operational technical issue with the gauge(s).

This dataset contains high frequency observations from tide gauges managed by the UK National Tide Gauge Network. The data have been processed and quality controlled by the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC). cdm_data_type=TimeSeries cdm_timeseries_variables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude contributor_name=UK National Tide Gauge Network, Environment Agency contributor_role=Network operator Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3, NCCSV-1.2 Easternmost_Easting=-1.14031 featureType=TimeSeries geospatial_lat_max=60.15403 geospatial_lat_min=60.15403 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-1.14031 geospatial_lon_min=-1.14031 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east history=Delayed mode data processed and quality controlled following GLOSS standard procedures httpGetDirectoryStructure=tidal_station_id/1months httpGetRequiredVariables=tidal_station_id, time infoUrl=https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/hosted_data_systems/sea_level/uk_tide_gauge_network/ institution=The Environment Agency institution_id=https://edmo.seadatanet.org/report/90 keywords_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ Northernmost_Northing=60.15403 processing_level=Delayed mode (Level 2 Quality Control-L2) (Described in https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-854 section 2.1 DATA STREAMS) sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=60.15403 standard_name_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P07/current/ subsetVariables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude tide_gauge_station_benchmark=See site history document URL: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/documents/nodb/277406/ tide_gauge_station_id=Lerwick tide_gauge_station_latitude=60.15403 tide_gauge_station_longitude=-1.14031 time_coverage_end=2024-09-30T16:59:59.998Z time_coverage_start=2024-06-01T00:00:00.000Z Westernmost_Easting=-1.14031

A set of historical tide gauge sea level records from Alicante (Spanish Mediterranean coast) have been recovered from logbooks stored at the Spanish National Geographical Institute (IGN). Sea level measurements have been digitised, quality-controlled and merged into two consistent sea level time series. Vertical references among instruments benchmarks have been derived from high precision vertical levelling surveys. Earlier observations are daily averages and more recent data are hourly values. The observations are from 7 different tide gauge records in Alicante outer harbour (Alicante I) and five tide gauge series in Alicante inner harbour (Alicante II). The sea level record in Alicante starts in 1870 with daily averaged values until the 1920s and hourly afterwards, and is still in operation, thus representing the longest tide gauge sea level time series in the Mediterranean Sea. The sea level at Alicante I has been measured by tide pole, floating gauge, mechanical recorder, digital recorder and since 2014 by radar gauge. The sea level at Alicante II has been measured by floating gauge, digital recorder and from 2014 onwards by radar gauge. This scarcity of long-term sea-level observations, as well as their uneven geographical distribution is a major challenge for climate studies that address, for example, the quantification of mean sea-level rise at centennial time scales, the accurate assessment of sea-level acceleration or the long-term changes in sea-level extremes that are vital for coastal risk assessments. This dataset represents an additional effort of sea-level data archaeology and aims at preserving the historical scientific heritage that has been up to now stored in old archives in non-electronic format. The research was partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. A further series was rescued from Santander under the same initiative.

The World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) sea level data set comprises data collected from approximately 160 tide gauge sites distributed around the world. The data are usually hourly heights of sea surface elevation, although some were collected and supplied at higher frequencies (i.e. 6 or 15 minute intervals) or as pressure values rather than elevations. The data are primarily from 1990 to 1998 (the WOCE period), but the dataset also includes historical data as a number of the tide gauges had been operating for many years. The total volume of data held is 3550 site years. A few sites have data extending back over 50 years and many over 20 years. The British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC) was responsible, as a WOCE Data Assembly Centre (DAC), for assembling, quality controlling and disseminating this comprehensive sea level data set. Data were supplied by Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, China, Cuba, Denmark, Ecuador, France, Iceland, Japan, New Zealand, Peru, Philippines, Portugal, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Ukraine, the UK and the USA. Data quality control was carried out with the aid of sophisticated screening software which allows rapid inspection of the data. The sea level data were tidally analyzed and the residuals inspected. Parameters other than sea level, for example atmospheric pressure and sea surface temperature, were also visually inspected. This quality control identified spikes and gaps in the data in addition to timing problems and datum shifts. Any problems identified were resolved with the data supplier. Qualifying information accompanying the data was also checked and data documentation assembled. The data can be downloaded from the BODC web site, or made available on CD-ROM.

This dataset contains high frequency observations from tide gauges managed by the UK National Tide Gauge Network. The data have been processed and quality controlled by the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC). cdm_data_type=TimeSeries cdm_timeseries_variables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude contributor_name=UK National Tide Gauge Network, Environment Agency contributor_role=Network operator Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3, NCCSV-1.2 Easternmost_Easting=-3.08631 featureType=TimeSeries geospatial_lat_max=58.44097 geospatial_lat_min=58.44097 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-3.08631 geospatial_lon_min=-3.08631 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east history=Delayed mode data processed and quality controlled following GLOSS standard procedures httpGetDirectoryStructure=tidal_station_id/1months httpGetRequiredVariables=tidal_station_id, time infoUrl=https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/hosted_data_systems/sea_level/uk_tide_gauge_network/ institution=The Environment Agency institution_id=https://edmo.seadatanet.org/report/90 keywords_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ Northernmost_Northing=58.44097 processing_level=Delayed mode (Level 2 Quality Control-L2) (Described in https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-854 section 2.1 DATA STREAMS) sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=58.44097 standard_name_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P07/current/ subsetVariables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude tide_gauge_station_benchmark=See site history document URL: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/documents/nodb/277560/ tide_gauge_station_id=Wick tide_gauge_station_latitude=58.44097 tide_gauge_station_longitude=-3.08631 time_coverage_end=2024-09-30T17:15:00.000Z time_coverage_start=2024-06-01T00:00:00.000Z Westernmost_Easting=-3.08631

Physical, chemical, current profile, water pressure, sea surface temperature, meteorological, and other data were collected from the ANDRE NIZERY and other platforms from the TOGA Area - Atlantic. Data were collected by the Institut Francais De Recherche Pour L'Exploitation De La Mer - Brest (IFREMER) and other institutions as part of the Seasonal Response of the Equatorial Atlantic Experiment/Francais Ocean Et Climat Dans L'Atlantique Equatorial (SEQUAL/FOCAL) project from 01 January 1964 to 31 December 1985. Data were processed by NODC to the NODC standard Station Data II Output Format (SD2), the F015-Current Meter Data (components) format, the F017-Pressure Gauge Data format, and the F101-Wind Measurements from Buoys format. Full format and format code descriptions are available at http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/NODC-datafmts.html.

The SD2 file format is used for physical-chemical oceanographic data recorded at discrete depth levels. Most of the observations were made using multi- bottle Nansen casts or other types of water samplers. A small amount (about 5%), were obtained using electronic CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) or STD (salinity-temperature-depth) recorders. The CTD/STD data were reported to NODC at depth levels equivalent to Nansen cast data, however, and have been processed and stored the same as the Nansen data. Cruise information, position, date and time are reported for each station. Each station contains the measurements taken at observed depth levels, but also includes data values interpolated to a set of standard depth levels.

The F015 format is used for time series measurements of ocean currents. These data are obtained from current meter moorings and represent Eulerian method of current measurement, i.e., the meters are deployed at a fixed point and measure flow past a sensor. Position, bottom depth, sensor depth, and meter characteristics are reported for each station. The data record comprises values of east-west (u) and north-south (v) current vector components at specified date and time. Current direction is defined as the direction toward which the water is flowing with positive directions east and north and negative directions west and south. Data values may be subject to averaging or filtering and are typically reported at 10-15 minute time intervals. Water temperature, pressure, and conductivity or salinity may also be reported. A text record is available for optional comments.

The F017 format contains time series measurements of seawater pressure from anchored or bottom-mounted sensors. Measurements of variations at depth of seawater pressure provide information on tidal and storm flows, ocean circulation, and other phenomena that cause changes in sea surface elevation or slope and that can be detected from their pressure signature. Position, bottom depth, and gauge depth are reported for each station. The data record comprises values of total pressure at specified date and time. Data values may be subject to averaging or filtering and are typically reported at time intervals of 10-15 minutes. Seawater temperature may also be reported. Comments may be reported in a text record.

The F101 file format is used for time-series measurements of wind and other surface meteorological parameters taken at fixed locations. The instrument arrays may be deployed on automated buoys, ships, or towers. Position, platform type and height, and instrument elevation are reported for each station. The data record comprises values of east-west (u) and north-south (v) wind components at specified date and time. Wind values may be subject to averaging or filtering and are typically reported at time intervals of 10-15 minutes. Air temperature, atmospheric pressure, and dewpoint temperature may also be reported.

This dataset contains high frequency observations from tide gauges managed by the UK National Tide Gauge Network. The data have been processed and quality controlled by the British Oceanographic Data Centre (BODC). cdm_data_type=TimeSeries cdm_timeseries_variables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude contributor_name=UK National Tide Gauge Network, Environment Agency contributor_role=Network operator Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3, NCCSV-1.2 Easternmost_Easting=-4.90583 featureType=TimeSeries geospatial_lat_max=55.74964 geospatial_lat_min=55.74964 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-4.90583 geospatial_lon_min=-4.90583 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east history=Delayed mode data processed and quality controlled following GLOSS standard procedures httpGetDirectoryStructure=tidal_station_id/1months httpGetRequiredVariables=tidal_station_id, time infoUrl=https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/hosted_data_systems/sea_level/uk_tide_gauge_network/ institution=The Environment Agency institution_id=https://edmo.seadatanet.org/report/90 keywords_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ Northernmost_Northing=55.74964 processing_level=Delayed mode (Level 2 Quality Control-L2) (Described in https://dx.doi.org/10.25607/OBP-854 section 2.1 DATA STREAMS) sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=55.74964 standard_name_vocabulary=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P07/current/ subsetVariables=tidal_station_id, latitude, longitude tide_gauge_station_benchmark=See site history document URL: http://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/documents/nodb/277441/ tide_gauge_station_id=Millport tide_gauge_station_latitude=55.74964 tide_gauge_station_longitude=-4.90583 time_coverage_end=2024-09-30T17:15:00.000Z time_coverage_start=2024-06-01T00:00:00.000Z Westernmost_Easting=-4.90583