In 2023, there were about 15.09 million children living with a single mother in the United States, and about 3.05 million children living with a single father. The number of children living with a single mother is down from its peak in 2012, and the number of children living with a single father is down from its peak in 2005.

Marriage and divorce in the United States

Despite popular opinion in the United States that “half of all marriages end in divorce,” the divorce rate in the U.S. has fallen significantly since 1992. The marriage rate, which has also been decreasing since the 1990s, was still higher than the divorce rate in 2021. Half of all marriages may not end in divorce, but it does seem that fewer people are choosing to get married in the first place.

New family structures

In addition to a falling marriage rate, fewer people in the U.S. have children under the age of 18 living in the house in comparison to 1970. Over the past decade, the share of families with children under 18, whether that be married couples or single parents, has stayed mostly steady, although the number of births in the U.S. has also fallen.

Symbol legend: .. not available for a specific reference period Table Corrections: Date Note On August 11, 2021, a correction was made to the values associated with the total income concept for 2019. Footnotes: 1 The data source for this table is the final version of the T1 Family File, created by the Centre for Income and Socio-Economic Well-being Statistics of Statistics Canada. Because they are based on a different methodology, estimates of the number of individuals and census families presented in this table differ from estimates produced by the Centre for Demography. Information on the data source, the historical availability, definitions of the terms used, and the geographies available can be found at Technical Reference Guide for the Annual Income Estimates for Census Families Individuals and Seniors - opens in a new browser window." 2 Families are comprised of: 1) couples (married or common-law, including same-sex couples) living in the same dwelling with or without children, and 2) single parents (male or female) living with one or more children. Persons who are not matched to a family become persons not in census families. They may be living alone, with a family to whom they are related, with a family to whom they are unrelated or with other persons not in census families. Beginning in 2001, same-sex couples reporting as couples are counted as couple families. 3 A couple family consists of a couple living together (married or common-law, including same-sex couples) living at the same address with or without children. Beginning in 2001, same-sex couples reporting as couples are counted as couple families. 4 A lone-parent family is a family with only one parent, male or female, and with at least one child. 5 This table should only be used in conjunction with income statistics produced using the T1 Family File. Because the counts available in this table are based on a different methodology, the family and person counts will differ from estimates produced by the Centre for Demography. 6 The Census Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) is used for data dissemination of the census metropolitan areas and the census agglomerations: from 1997 to 2001, SGC 1996; from 2002 to 2006, SGC 2001; from 2007 to 2011, SGC 2006; from 2012 to 2015, SGC 2011; as of 2016, SGC 2016. Please note that census agglomerations were introduced in this CANSIM table in 2008. 7 Children are tax filers or imputed persons in couple and lone-parent families. Tax filing children do not live with their spouse, have no children of their own and live with their parent(s). Most children are identified from the Canada Child Tax Benefit file, a provincial births file or a previous T1 family file. 8 Characteristics such as age are as of December 31 of the reference year.

The average American family in 2023 consisted of 3.15 persons. Families in the United States According to the U.S. Census Bureau, a family is a group of two people or more (one of whom is the householder) related by birth, marriage, or adoption and residing together; all such people (including related subfamily members) are considered as members of one family. As of 2023, the U.S. Census Bureau counted about 84.33 million families in the United States. The average family consisted of 3.15 persons in 2021, down from 3.7 in the 1960s. This is reflected in the decrease of children in family households overall. In 1970, about 56 percent of all family households had children under the age of 18 living in the household. This percentage declined to about 40 percent in 2020. The average size of a family household varies greatly from state to state. The largest average families can be found in Utah, California, and Hawaii, while the smallest families can be found in Wisconsin, Vermont and Maine.

The goal of this study was to test specific hypotheses illustrating the relationships among serious victimization experiences, the mental health effects of victimization, substance abuse/use, and delinquent behavior in adolescents. The study assessed familial and nonfamilial types of violence. It was designed as a telephone survey of American youth aged 12-17 living in United States households and residing with a parent or guardian. One parent or guardian in each household was interviewed briefly to establish rapport, secure permission to interview the targeted adolescent, and to ensure the collection of comparative data to examine potential nonresponse bias from households without adolescent participation. All interviews with both parents and adolescents were conducted using Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) technology. From the surveys of parents and adolescents, the principal investigators created one data file by attaching the data from the parents to the records of their respective adolescents. Adolescents were asked whether violence and drug abuse were problems in their schools and communities and what types of violence they had personally witnessed. They were also asked about other stressful events in their lives, such as the loss of a family member, divorce, unemployment, moving to a new home or school, serious illness or injury, and natural disaster. Questions regarding history of sexual assault, physical assault, and harsh physical discipline elicited a description of the event and perpetrator, extent of injuries, age at abuse, whether alcohol or drugs were involved, and who was informed of the incident. Information was also gathered on the delinquent behavior of respondents and their friends, including destruction of property, assault, theft, sexual assault, and gang activity. Other questions covered history of personal and family substance use and mental health indicators, such as major depression, post-traumatic stress disorders, weight changes, sleeping disorders, and problems concentrating. Demographic information was gathered from the adolescents on age, race, gender, number of people living in household, and grade in school. Parents were asked whether they were concerned about violent crime, affordable child care, drug abuse, educational quality, gangs, and the safety of their children at school. In addition, they were questioned about their own victimization experiences and whether they discussed personal safety issues with their children. Parents also supplied demographic information on gender, marital status, number of children, employment status, education, race, and income.

Footnotes: 1 The data source for this table is the final version of the T1 Family File, created by the Centre for Income and Socio-Economic Well-being Statistics of Statistics Canada. Because they are based on a different methodology, estimates of the number of individuals and census families presented in this table differ from estimates produced by the Centre for Demography. Information on the data source, the historical availability, definitions of the terms used, and the geographies available can be found at Technical Reference Guide for the Annual Income Estimates for Census Families Individuals and Seniors - opens in a new browser window."2 Families are comprised of: 1) couples (married or common-law, including same-sex couples) living in the same dwelling with or without children, and 2) single parents (male or female) living with one or more children. Persons who are not matched to a family become persons not in census families. They may be living alone, with a family to whom they are related, with a family to whom they are unrelated or with other persons not in census families. Beginning in 2001, same-sex couples reporting as couples are counted as couple families. 3 Characteristics such as age are as of December 31 of the reference year. 4 A couple family consists of a couple living together (married or common-law, including same-sex couples) living at the same address with or without children. Beginning in 2001, same-sex couples reporting as couples are counted as couple families. 5 Children are tax filers or imputed persons in couple and lone-parent families. Tax filing children do not live with their spouse, have no children of their own and live with their parent(s). Most children are identified from a file pertaining to Federal Child Benefits, a provincial births file or a previous T1 Family File. 6 A lone-parent family is a family with only one parent, male or female, and with at least one child. 7 This table should only be used in conjunction with income statistics produced using the T1 Family File. Because the counts available in this table are based on a different methodology, the family and person counts will differ from estimates produced by the Centre for Demography. 8 The Census Standard Geographical Classification (SGC) is used for data dissemination of the census metropolitan areas and the census agglomerations: from 1997 to 2001, SGC 1996; from 2002 to 2006, SGC 2001; from 2007 to 2011, SGC 2006; from 2012 to 2015, SGC 2011; as of 2016, SGC 2016. Please note that census agglomerations were introduced in this CANSIM table in 2008.

The study among people with a history of immigration was conducted by infratest dimap on behalf of the Federal Press Office. In the survey period 23.08.2023 to 05.12.2023, randomly selected people aged 18 and over who either immigrated themselves or whose both parents immigrated to what is now Germany after 1950 were interviewed in online interviews (CAWI) and personal interviews (PAPI). The respondents were selected using a residents´ registration office sample with onomastic name classification. With the help of onomastic procedures, people can be assigned to a migration background with a high degree of certainty on the basis of their first and last name. The people were asked about the following topics: origin, living situation and attachment to Germany as well as political attitudes, trust in institutions and use of media and information.
Origin: Country of birth; region of birth (Germany, EU, other Europe, Asia, Africa, other region); year of immigration to Germany; parents born in Germany; country and region of birth of mother and father; German citizenship; other citizenship; other citizenship; mention of other citizenship; interest in German citizenship; estimated effort required to acquire German citizenship; self-assessment of German language skills; most frequently used language in the household.

Togetherness in Germany: attachment to the immediate neighborhood, the city or municipality, Germany, Europe, and the parents´ country of origin; proportion of friends and acquaintances from Germany; frequency of contact with natives in one´s own family or close relatives, at work, in the neighborhood and in other circles of friends and acquaintances; desired contact with natives.

Life in Germany: satisfaction with various areas of life (own life overall, own financial situation, quality of life in Germany, social cohesion in Germany, opportunities for social advancement in Germany, healthcare in Germany, situation on the labour market, social security, interaction with other people in Germany, status of digitalization, German education system, public administration, functioning of democracy in Germany); assessment of own economic circumstances in comparison to others as fair vs. not fair; subjective experiences of discrimination in the last 24 months (on racial reasons, due to belonging to an ethnic group or coming from another country, due to sex, religion or belief, due to age, due to low income, due to sexual orientation); places for subjective experience of discrimination (in offices or authorities, in educational institutions, at work, on the housing market, in public, in leisure time, in stores or in the service sector, with the police and in the private sphere); reaction to the experience of discrimination (sought advice, tried to draw public attention to discrimination, complained to an official body, filed a complaint, other, none of the above); awareness of support services for discrimination.

Politics in Germany: most important political issues in Germany; trust in institutions (courts, police, federal government, political parties, and media in Germany); sense of representation in German politics, German media and associations, interest groups and clubs in Germany.

Political information behavior: Interest in politics in general; interest in politics in Germany and in the parents´ country of origin; being informed about political issues; frequency of use of media and information sources for political information from Germany and from the parents´ country of origin; frequency of use of various media and information sources for political information (e.g. public television, private television programs, radio, newspapers and magazines, Internet news sites and news apps, etc.); assessment of the work of the Federal Government: satisfaction with the Federal Government´s commitment to the interests and concerns of people with a migration background; perception of the information provided by the Federal Government on the following channels: on the Federal Government´s website, on the Federal Government´s pages on social media, in Federal Government brochures or magazines, on Federal Government posters, from interviews with government politicians on television, in newspapers or on the Internet; satisfaction with the information provided by the Federal Government; criticism of the information provided by the Federal Government (e.g. not credible enough, too criticism of the information provided by the Federal Government (e.g. not credible enough, too one-sided, too contradictory, etc.); awareness of multilingual information provided by the Federal Government; assessment of the multilingual information offered by the federal government as sufficient; awareness and assessment of the federal government´s diversity strategy in the federal administration; opinion on the reform of the citizenship law (only having to have lived in Germany for 5 years instead of 8 years, no longer having to give up...

In 2022, there were about 4.15 million Black families in the United States with a single mother. This is an increase from 1990 levels, when there were about 3.4 million Black families with a single mother.

Single parenthood

The typical family is comprised of two parents and at least one child. However, that is not the case in every single situation. A single parent is someone who has a child but no spouse or partner. Single parenthood occurs for different reasons, including divorce, death, abandonment, or single-person adoption. Historically, single parenthood was common due to mortality rates due to war, diseases, and maternal mortality. However, divorce was not as common back then, depending on the culture.

Single parent wellbeing

In countries where social welfare programs are not strong, single parents tend to suffer more financially, emotionally, and mentally. In the United States, most single parents are mothers. The struggles that single parents face are greater than those in two parent households. The number of families with a single mother in the United States has increased since 1990, but the poverty rate of black families with a single mother has significantly decreased since that same year. In comparison, the poverty rate of Asian families with a single mother, and the percentage of white, non-Hispanic families with a single mother who live below the poverty level in the United States have both been fluctuating since 2002.

A dataset of a survey of intergenerational relations among 2,044 adult members of some 300 three- (and later four-) generation California families: grandparents (then in their sixties), middle-aged parents (then in their early forties), grandchildren (then aged 16 to 26), and later the great-grandchildren as they turn age 16, and further surveys in 1985, 1988, 1991, 1994, 1997 and 2001. This first fully-elaborated generation-sequential design makes it possible to compare sets of parents and adult-children at the same age across different historical periods and addresses the following objectives: # To track life-course trajectories of family intergenerational solidarity and conflict over three decades of adulthood, and across successive generations of family members; # To identify how intergenerational solidarity, and conflict influence the well-being of family members throughout the adult life course and across successive generations; # To chart the effects of socio-historical change on families, intergenerational relationships, and individual life-course development during the past three decades; # To examine women''s roles and relationships in multigenerational families over 30 years of rapid change in the social trajectories of women''s lives. These data can extend understanding of the complex interplay among macro-social change, family functioning, and individual well-being over the adult life-course and across successive generations. Data Availability: Data from 1971-1997 are available through ICPSR as Study number 4076. * Dates of Study: 1971-2001 * Study Features: Longitudinal * Sample Size: ** 345 Three-generational families ** 2,044 Adults (1971 baseline) Link: * ICPSR: http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/ICPSR/studies/04076

The analysis of the demographic dynamics of the population and its evolution over time rests on the carrying out of demographic statistical operations, whose main sources of updating are the Civil Registers, a type of administrative registry of a census nature.The Birth Statistics (ENAC) updates the information on births whose parents are residents in the Basque Country, regardless of where they took place.

Key figures on fertility, live and stillborn children and multiple births among inhabitants of The Netherlands. Available selections: - Live born children by sex; - Live born children by age of the mother (31 December), in groups; - Live born children by birth order from the mother; - Live born children by marital status of the mother; - Live born children by country of birth of the mother and origin country of the mother; - Stillborn children by duration of pregnancy; - Births: single and multiple; - Average number of children per female; - Average number of children per male; - Average age of the mother at childbirth by birth order from the mother; - Average age of the father at childbirth by birth order from the mother; - Net replacement factor. CBS is in transition towards a new classification of the population by origin. Greater emphasis is now placed on where a person was born, aside from where that person’s parents were born. The term ‘migration background’ is no longer used in this regard. The main categories western/non-western are being replaced by categories based on continents and a few countries that share a specific migration history with the Netherlands. The new classification is being implemented gradually in tables and publications on population by origin. Data available from: 1950 Most of the data is available as of 1950 with the exception of the live born children by country of birth of the mother and origin country of the mother (from 2021, previous periods will be added at a later time), stillborn children by duration of pregnancy (24+) (from 1991), average number of children per male (from 1996) and the average age of the father at childbirth (from 1996). Status of the figures: The 2023 figures on stillbirths and (multiple) births are provisional, the other figures in the table are final. Changes per 17 December 2024: Figures of 2023 have been added. The provisional figures on the number of live births and stillbirths for 2023 do not include children who were born at a gestational age that is unknown. These cases were included in the final figures for previous years. However, the provisional figures show a relatively larger number of children born at an unknown gestational age. Based on an internal analysis for 2022, it appears that in the majority of these cases, the child was born at less than 24 weeks. To ensure that the provisional 2023 figures do not overestimate the number of stillborn children born at a gestational age of over 24 weeks, children born at an unknown gestational age have now been excluded. When will new figures be published? Final 2023 figures on the number of stillbirths and the number of births are expected to be added to the table in de third quarter of 2025. In the third quarter of 2025 final figures of 2024 will be published in this publication.

Sources: Conscription lists of the birth cohorst 1813-1842, Department II, - of the capital and royal seat Munich, - of the royal county court Toelz and - of the public records office of Munich. Reichenhall: conscription lists are available only for the birth cohort 1840. Districts Miesbach, Toelz, Wasserburg and Reichenhall: all available conscription lists of the public records office are evaluated and all inductees of the birth cohorts 1813 to 1842 are collected.

The typical American picture of a family with 2.5 kids might not be as relevant as it once was: In 2023, there was an average of 1.94 children under 18 per family in the United States. This is a decrease from 2.33 children under 18 per family in 1960.

Familial structure in the United States

If there’s one thing the United States is known for, it’s diversity. Whether this is diversity in ethnicity, culture, or family structure, there is something for everyone in the U.S. Two-parent households in the U.S. are declining, and the number of families with no children are increasing. The number of families with children has stayed more or less constant since 2000.

Adoptions in the U.S.

Families in the U.S. don’t necessarily consist of parents and their own biological children. In 2021, around 35,940 children were adopted by married couples, and 13,307 children were adopted by single women.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The Young Lives survey is an innovative long-term project investigating the changing nature of childhood poverty in four developing countries. The study is being conducted in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam and has tracked the lives of 12,000 children over a 20-year period, through 5 (in-person) survey rounds (Round 1-5) and, with the latest survey round (Round 6) conducted over the phone in 2020 and 2021 as part of the Listening to Young Lives at Work: COVID-19 Phone Survey.
Round 1 of Young Lives surveyed two groups of children in each country, at 1 year old and 5 years old. Round 2 returned to the same children who were then aged 5 and 12 years old. Round 3 surveyed the same children again at aged 7-8 years and 14-15 years, Round 4 surveyed them at 12 and 19 years old, and Round 5 surveyed them at 15 and 22 years old. Thus the younger children are being tracked from infancy to their mid-teens and the older children through into adulthood, when some will become parents themselves.

The 2020 phone survey consists of three phone calls (Call 1 administered in June-July 2020; Call 2 in August-October 2020 and Call 3 in November-December 2020) and the 2021 phone survey consists of two additional phone calls (Call 4 in August 2021 and Call 5 in October-December 2021) The calls took place with each Young Lives respondent, across both the younger and older cohort, and in all four study countries (reaching an estimated total of around 11,000 young people).
The Young Lives survey is carried out by teams of local researchers, supported by the Principal Investigator and Data Manager in each country.

Further information about the survey, including publications, can be downloaded from the Young Lives website.

This study includes data and documentation for Round 4 only. Round 1 is available under SN 5307, Round 2 under SN 6852, Round 3 under SN 6853 and Round 5 under SN 8357.

Latest edition:
For the third edition (August 2022), the Peruvian younger cohort household level data file (pe_r4_ychh_youngerhousehold) has been updated to include the mother's health variables. In addition, an error in the Vietnamese younger cohort reading comprehension variables (vn_r4_yccog_youngerchildtest) has been corrected.

Main Topics:

• Older Cohort Household Questionnaire (age 19): includes sections on: Parental background; Household and child education; Livelihoods and asset framework; Household food and non-food consumption and expenditure; Social capital; Economic changes and recent life history; Socio-economic status.
• Older Cohort Child Questionnaire (age 19): includes sections on: Parents and Caregiver update; Mobility; Subjective well-being; Education; Employment, earnings, and time-use; Feelings and attitudes; Household decision-making; Marital and living arrangements; Fertility; Anthropometry; Health and nutrition.
• Older Cohort Cognitive Tests (age 19): includes Mathematics test; Reading comprehension test.
• Older Cohort Self-Administered Questionnaire (age 19): includes sections on: Relationship with parents, Smoking, Violence, Alcohol, Sexual behaviour (administered in Peru only).
• Younger Cohort Household Questionnaire (age 12): includes sections: on Parental background; Household and child education; Livelihoods and asset framework; Household food and non-food consumption and expenditure; Social capital; Economic changes and recent life history; Socio-economic status, Health; Anthropometry (for the study child and a sibling); Caregiver perceptions and attitudes.
• Younger Cohort Child Questionnaire (age 12): includes sections on Schooling; Time-use; Health; Social networks; Feelings and attitudes.
• Younger Cohort Cognitive Tests (age 12): include Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (administered to the study child and a sibling); Mathematics test; Reading comprehension test. In Ethiopia only an additional English and Amharic reading test.
• Community Questionnaire: (administered in the main communities where Young Lives children live) includes sections on: General characteristics of the locality; Social environment; Access to services; Economy; Local prices; Social protection; Educational services; Health services; Migration.
• Mini-community questionnaire: (administered in communities into which one or study children moved) includes sections on: General characteristics of the locality; Social environment; Access to Services; Economy; Local prices.

Detailed information and judgements on courses of life in the areas family, education and employment. Topics: 1. Family origin of target person: social origin; information on natural mother, natural father or stepparents and foster parents as well as on siblings; information on courses of life of siblings. 2. Residential history and places of stay: residence description and reasons for change; supplementary questions on household structure and mobility. 3. School and occupational training biography: school and occupational training. 4. Employment history, occupation and work life: positions and activities of employment life; times of no contribution to retirement program; gaps in employment; side jobs; occupational further education; current working conditions; expected occupational changes and possible reactions of respondent; unemployment and its consequences; military service; illness history. 5. Personal family: marriage biography; partner situation; information on earlier spouse; information on current spouse or companion through life; information on children; social contacts; assistance received and given; importance of areas of life; role of man and woman; comparison of living conditions GDR / FRG. 6. Economic situation: possession of durable economic goods; income; savings; travels. 7. Politics and religion: sympathy scale for the parties; behavior at the polls; party membership of parents; memberships and functions in organizations; political participation; interest in politics in parental home; religious upbringing; religious affiliation. 8. Also encoded were: number of contact attempts; number and length of presence of other persons during interview; interventions of other persons in the course of the interview; reliability of respondent answers; length of interview; date of interview; identification of interviewer. Detaillierte Angaben und Beurteilungen der Lebensverläufe in den Bereichen Familie, Ausbildung und Erwerbstätigkeit. Themen: 1. Herkunftsfamilie der Zielperson: Soziale Herkunft; Angaben über die leibliche Mutter, den leiblichen Vater bzw. Stief- und Pflegeeltern sowie zu Geschwistern; Angaben über die Lebensverläufe der Geschwister. 2. Wohngeschichte und Aufenthaltsstätten: Wohnsitzbeschreibung und Veränderungsgründe; Zusatzfragen zu Haushaltsstruktur und Mobilität. 3. Schul- und Berufsbildungsbiographie: Schulische und berufliche Ausbildung. 4. Erwerbsgeschichte, Berufs- und Arbeitsleben: Stellen und Tätigkeiten des Erwerbslebens; Ausfallzeiten; Erwerbslücken; Nebentätigkeiten; berufliche Weiterbildung; derzeitige Arbeitsbedingungen; erwartete berufliche Veränderungen und mögliche Reaktionen des Befragten; Arbeitslosigkeit und ihre Folgen; Militärdienst; Krankheitsgeschichte. 5. Eigene Familie: Ehebiographie; Partnersituation; Angaben zu früheren Ehepartnern; Angaben zum derzeitigen Ehepartner oder Lebensgefährten; Angaben zu Kindern; Sozialkontakte; erhaltene und gegebene Hilfeleistungen; Wichtigkeit der Lebensbereiche; Rolle von Mann und Frau; Vergleich der Lebensbedingungen DDR/BRD. 6. Ökonomische Situation: Besitz langlebiger Wirtschaftsgüter; Einkommen; Wertanlagen; Reisen. 7. Politik und Religion: Sympathie-Skalometer für die Parteien; Wahlverhalten; Parteimitgliedschaft der Eltern; Mitgliedschaften und Funktionen in Organisationen; politische Partizipation; Politikinteresse im Elternhaus; religiöse Erziehung; Religionszugehörigkeit. 8. Zusätzlich verkodet wurden: Anzahl der Kontaktversuche; Anzahl und Dauer der Anwesenheit anderer Personen beim Interview; Eingriffe anderer Personen in den Interviewverlauf; Zuverlässigkeit der Befragtenangaben; Interviewdauer; Interviewdatum; Intervieweridentifikation. Probability: Simple randomProbability.SimpleRandom Wahrscheinlichkeitsauswahl: Einfache ZufallsauswahlProbability.SimpleRandom Face-to-face interview: Paper-and-pencil (PAPI)Interview.FaceToFace.PAPI Persönliches Interview : Papier-und-Bleistift (PAPI)Interview.FaceToFace.PAPI

Immigration to this country has increased significantly in recent years. While Mexican immigrants are the largest population of immigrants in the United States (39 percent), the rest of the population is widely varied, with no one nation accounting for more than 3 percent of all immigrants. Despite the significant benefits quality Early Childhood Education (ECE) programs offer to immigrant children, their rates of enrollment are significantly lower than for comparable children of United States-born parents. In order to better address the needs of these new American families, providers and state policymakers need more in-depth knowledge about the perceptions of these families and the factors that influence their choice of care. This study is an exploratory study in two cities which reflect the diversity of experience with immigration across the country: Denver, Colorado and surrounding areas, where the focus is on Mexican immigrants, and Portland, Maine and surrounding areas, where the focus is on three of the many refugee populations which have newly settled here. The contrasts, not only in the immigrant populations themselves, but also in the political and historical contexts of the communities in which they live, offer an opportunity to enrich the field of research on child care choices for this vulnerable population of children and families.Additional details about this study can be found on the New Americans Web site.

The analysis of the demographic dynamism of the population and its evolution over time rests on the implementation of demographic statistical operations whose main update sources are the Civil Registers, a census-type administrative register. The Births Statistics (ENAC), included in the group known as Population Movement, update the information on births and deliveries by mothers resident in the Basque Country, regardless of where they took place.

These data were collected as part of an ESRC study exploring the experiences of adopted adults who were now parents, and adoptive parents who had become grandparents. The aim was to better understand the long term impact of adoption on adopted people and adoptive parents, including the arrival of the next generation (children of adopted people). Parents and grandparents were interviewed using a 'life story' interview method (adapted from the work of Dan McAdams) where participants gave an account of their whole life, including adoption and becoming a parent/grandparent. This method generated very rich data about how people viewed their whole life and the role of adoption in their life, with interviews lasting from 1-5 hours. The archive consists of the anonymised transcripts of in-depth interviews with the two groups of participants: (1) 38 people who were adopted as children and who have now become parents (20 mothers and 18 fathers, age range 21-54 years, mean = 33. Age at adoption varied from 0-12, with 60% being adopted over age 1 - median 1.5 years, mean 3.2 years). (2) 43 adoptive parents who are now grandparents through their adopted child/ren (23 grandmothers and 20 grandfathers, age range 47-75 years). This is almost the full dataset from the project - only 2 fathers withheld consent for their transcript to go in the archive. NB adopted adults are described as mothers or fathers; adoptive parents are described as grandmothers or grandfathers. Almost all participants were living in England and had adopted/been adopted in England. Small numbers were living in Scotland or Wales. Interviews took place in 2019-2020. Also archived is data about the demographics of the participants. About half the sample consisted of 'linked' cases - where more than one member of a family had taken part, and information is given about which interviews are linked to each other. Finally, study materials are archived (leaflets, information and debrief sheets, interview schedules, demographic data collection form, consent form).

For 20 years UK policy has encouraged the adoption of children from care, and tens of thousands are now of an age where they could become a parent. This compulsory form of adoption is controversial at home and abroad and it is vital to fully research the lifespan effects - including what happens when adoptees become parents to the next generation. A child's birth is a key event in any family, bringing joys and challenges. This study will provide a new understanding of the lived experiences and needs of people adopted from care who are now parents, and of adoptive parents who are now grandparents. It will inform support to help adopted young people to prepare for parenthood, promote their resilience, and support them as parents. The majority of children adopted from care will have experienced early adversities such as loss, abuse and neglect. Adoption offers permanence in a new family, but even so about half of adopted young people are likely to have psychological problems which carry on into adulthood. Studies of vulnerable parents (e.g. care leavers) show they are at risk of early parenthood, parenting difficulties, even their own children going into care. But for some, having a child is a positive choice and a healing experience. This study will explore the positives and the challenges of becoming a parent from the perspective of people adopted from care. The concept of 'resilience' (healthy development after exposure to risk) is key and the risk and protective factors that can affect resilience in the context of parenting will be a central focus. This study will also shine a light on the lifelong identity issues for adopted people. For adoptees, building identity can be hampered by gaps in their known life history, feelings of being different or stigmatised, and a lack of connection with birth relatives. Becoming a parent can stir up identity concerns and trigger a search for birth family, but these issues are unexplored for people adopted from care, many of whom will have retained some form of contact with birth relatives. We will explore how adopted people make meaning of their whole life history, including being adopted and being a parent, adding to our understanding of narrative identity development for adoptees in adulthood. The research will also include the perspective of parents who adopted a child from care and who are now grandparents. Adoption has lifelong implications for adopters too, but there is no research on the grandparenting stage of family life in 'from care' adoptions. Because of the ongoing vulnerability of many young people adopted from care, it is important to include grandparents because they may be providing vital support to their child and grandchild. In-depth interview data from 40 adopted people who are now parents (20 men, 20 women), and 40 adoptive parents who are now grandparents will be collected and the sample will include a mixture of linked...

Political attitudes after the turning point, future expectations until the year 2000, knowledge and attitudes to historical events. Topics: Interest in the development in GDR, FRG, Soviet Union, for history, art, politics; responsibility for collective, residential area, environment, GDR, peace; future expectations until the year 2000 in personal and social areas; striving for achievement and occupational development, political activity, social relations (scale); interest in politics before and after the turning point; reasons for current interest in politics (scale); political orientation; classification of various persons on the left-right scale; solidarity with the GDR; identity; stand on foreigners; interest in political events such as the time of Stalin, wall construction, 17th of June, German-German unification; political agreement with various groups of persons; frequency of watching and listening to television from GDR and FRG or radio from GDR and FRG; preferred media usage; agreement of media information with experiences; tie to residential area, FRG, Soviet Union, GDR; interest in historical topics (scale); time classification of historical events (scale); attitudes and stands on fascism and the Germans; characteristic of native country; world view; religiousness; assessment of GDR and FRG regarding elimination of the causes of war, preservation of environment, personal rights and freedoms, use of science and technology, job security, comprehensive information, standard of living, democracy, social security, equal education chances, elimination of the roots of fascism; changes of interest in history instruction; characteristics of history instruction after the turning point (scale); occupational qualification of parents; member in youth organizations; Supplemental form A: significance of selected conditions for development of GDR (scale); effective forms of political commitment (scale); fear of the GDR's being taken over, violence and aggressiveness, drug abuse, right-wing radicalism and neofascism; evaluation of development of GDR up to the turning point (scale); significance of measures for the further development of the GDR (scale); change of characteristics of GDR daily life since the turning point (scale); frequency of participation in various forms of political expression of opinion since the turning point; frequency of political discussions with various circles of persons (scale); feelings regarding persons from German history (scale); stand on membership in a party; Supplemental form B: stand on citizen initiatives such as environmentalists, peace movement, nuclear power opponents, women's movement, homosexual groups, human rights groups, citizen initiatives, trend-followers, punk, new youth religions, skins, Reps/Faschos; promotion of political interests by persons and institutions (scale); evaluation of statements on politics, democracy and their accomplishment; fear regarding further personal and occupational development; self-assessment of ability for political commitment; feelings with the symbols of state of GDR and FRG; concerns in view of current development in the GDR; changes since the turning point '89 in job and education, standard of living, relations of mutual trust, independent action, significance of personal opinion and action; frequency of political information from various sources. (GESIS 3/9/2015)

This collection provides information on live births in the United States during calendar year 1994. The natality data in this file are a component of the vital statistics collection effort implemented by the federal government. Geographic variables of residence for births include the state, county, city, population, division and state subcode, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA), and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan county. Other variables include the race and sex of the child, age and education of the mother, place of delivery, person in attendance, and live-birth order. The natality tabulations in the documentation include live births by age of mother, live-birth order, and race of child, live births by marital status of mother, age of mother, and race of child, and live births by attendant and place of delivery. (Source: downloaded from ICPSR 7/13/10)

Please Note: This dataset is part of the historical CISER Data Archive Collection and is also available at ICPSR at https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR03386.v1. We highly recommend using the ICPSR version as they may make this dataset available in multiple data formats in the future.

Abstract (en): This dataset was produced by Darrett B. and Anita H. Rutman while researching their book A Place in Time: Middlesex County Virginia, 1650-1750 and the companion volume, A Place in Time: Explicatus (both New York: Norton, 1984). Together, these works were intended as an ethnography of the English settlers of colonial Middlesex County, which lies on the Chesapeake Bay. The Rutmans created this dataset by consulting documentary records from Middlesex and Lancaster Counties (Middlesex was split from Lancaster in the late 1660s) and material artifacts, including gravestones and house lots. The documentary records include information about birth, marriage, death, migration, land patents and conveyances, probate, church matters, and government matters. The Rutmans organized this material by person involved in the recorded events, producing over 12,000 individual biographical sheets. The biographical sheets contain as much information as could be found for each individual, including dates of birth, marriage, and death; children's names and dates of birth and death; names of parents and spouses; appearance in wills, transaction receipts, and court proceedings; occupation and employers; and public service. This process is described in detail in Chapter 1 of A Place in Time: Middlesex County Virginia, 1650-1750. The Rutmans' biographical sheets have been archived at the Virginia Historical Society in Richmond, Virginia. To produce this dataset, most of the sheets were photographed (those with minimal information -- usually only a name and one date -- were omitted). Information from the sheets was then hand-keyed and organized into two data tables: one containing information about the individuals who were the main subjects of each sheet, and one containing information about children listed on those sheets. Because individuals appear several times, data for the same person frequently appears in both tables and in more than one row in each table. For example, a woman who lived all her life in Middlesex and married once would have two rows in the children's table -- one for her appearance on her mother's sheet and one for her appearance on her father's sheet -- and two rows in the individual table -- one for the sheet with her maiden name and one for the sheet with her married name. After entry, records were linked in order to associate all appearances of the same individual and to associate individuals with spouses, parents, children, siblings, and other relatives. Sheets with minimal information were not included in the dataset. The data includes information on 6586 unique individuals. There are 4893 observations in the individual file, and 7552 in the kids file. The purpose of the data collection was to develop an ethnography of the English settlers of colonial Middlesex County, Virginia, which lies in the Chesapeake Bay. The Rutmans created this dataset by consulting documentary records from Middlesex and Lancaster Counties (Middlesex was split from Lancaster in the late 1660s) and material artifacts, including gravestones and house lots. The documentary records include information about birth, marriage, death, migration, land patents and conveyances, probate, church matters, and government matters. The Rutmans organized this material by person involved in recorded events, producing over 12,000 individual biographical sheets. The biographical sheets contain as much information as could be found for each individual, including dates of birth, marriage, and death; children's names and dates of birth and death; names of parents and spouses; appearance in wills, transaction receipts, and court proceedings; occupation and employers; and public service. This process is described in detail in Chapter 1 of A Place in Time: Middlesex County Virginia, 1650-1750 (New York: Norton, 1984). The data are not weighted. ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection: Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.. English settlers of colonial Middlesex County, Virginia. Smallest Geographic Unit: county The original data collection was not sampled. However, in computerizing this resource, biographical shee...