On October 27, 2025, the price of ultra-low sulfur unleaded petrol (gasoline) in the United Kingdom averaged 134.4 pence per liter. This compared to 143.26 pence per liter for diesel. Diesel prices were consistently higher than petrol/gasoline prices throughout this period, although the margin varied. Reasons for such differences in pricing lie in the refining process and molecular makeup of the products, with diesel requiring more complex refining processes and being an overall heavier liquid. As motor fuel pricing in the UK is not regulated by a monitoring body, there may also be notable differences in prices between retailers and regions. Supermarkets provide lowest fuel prices in the UK In the UK, much of the motor fuel is sold through supermarkets. Large supermarkets, or hypermarkets, account for more than 40 percent of all motor fuel sales in the country. The reason for their popularity often lies in the fact that they offer lower average prices. In the last four years, regular petrol/gasoline sold at supermarkets was up to six pence per liter cheaper than the national average. How UK fuel prices compare to the rest of the world Tied as they are to crude oil prices, motor fuels are generally cheapest in major producing countries, such as Iran, Venezuela, and Russia. In Europe, costs of importing the raw or finished products, in addition to taxes and levies, may hike up pump prices significantly. The UK is often among the countries with the highest petrol/gasoline prices, alongside other large European car markets such as France and Germany.

UK Gas fell to 72.60 GBp/thm on December 2, 2025, down 1.67% from the previous day. Over the past month, UK Gas's price has fallen 11.75%, and is down 40.33% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. UK Natural Gas - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

Gasoline Prices in the United Kingdom increased to 1.80 USD/Liter in November from 1.78 USD/Liter in October of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United Kingdom Gasoline Prices - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Diesel prices in the United Kingdom rose to more than *** pence per liter in early 2024. The March national average was ***** pence per liter, compared with a price of ***** pence per liter for diesel sold at supermarkets. Hypermarkets dominate motor fuel sales Hypermarkets such as Sainsbury's, Asda, and Tesco have the greatest market share of motor fuel sold in the UK. In 2023, roughly ** percent of all motor fuels were sold at hypermarkets. Diesel more expensive than regular gasoline Although gasoline and diesel are both refined petroleum products, their refining process differs, thus also impacting manufacturing and retail prices. Diesel sold in the UK is required to have an ultra-low sulfur content and also contain a biodiesel component of seven percent. The extra steps required in the production process make diesel a more expensive commodity than gasoline, which trades around ** pence lower.

The average gas price in Great Britain in July 2025 was 79.28 British pence per therm. This was five pence lower than the same month the year prior and follows a trend of increasing gas prices. Energy prices in the UK Energy prices in the UK have been exceptionally volatile throughout the 2020s. Multiple factors, such as a lack of gas storage availability and the large share of gas in heating, have exacerbated the supply issue in the UK that followed the Russia-Ukraine war. This has also led to many smaller suppliers announcing bankruptcy, while an upped price cap threatened the energy security of numerous households. The United Kingdom has some of the highest household electricity prices worldwide. How is gas used in the UK? According to a 2023 survey conducted by the UK Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, 58 percent of respondents used gas as a heating method during the winter months. On average, household expenditure on energy from gas in the UK stood at some 24.9 billion British pounds in 2023, double the amount spent just two years prior.

Red diesel prices rose in 2017 for the first time in five years. On average, buyers had to pay **** pence per liter of red Diesel in the United Kingdom in 2017. The average price had risen by **** pence between 2003 and 2012, before once again falling to 2017’s figures.

What is red diesel?

Red diesel is the same fuel as regular or white diesel. The fuel is heavily rebated and only to be used for agricultural, construction, and forestry purposes. It powers off-road vehicles and machinery in these industries and is not legal for use in road vehicles. A red dye is added to distinguish it from regular diesel. Red diesel has a lower tax rate to allow the above-mentioned industries to operate at a profit.

Regular diesel prices

One can surmise how much the different tax rate matters when we look at regular diesel prices. The lowest average price for white diesel in the past few years was *** pence per liter in February of 2016. In March 2019 it was *** pence. Compared to the regional differences in white diesel price, the price difference between the red and white variants is significantly higher. For more information on the fossil fuel industry in the UK visit our topic page here.

TTF Gas fell to 27.92 EUR/MWh on December 3, 2025, down 0.17% from the previous day. Over the past month, TTF Gas's price has fallen 14.22%, and is down 40.94% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. EU Natural Gas - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

The price of gas in the United Kingdom was *** British pence per therm in the fourth quarter of 2024. It is anticipated gas prices will increase to *** pence in the second quarter of 2025 before gradually falling to just under ** pence by the second quarter of 2027.
Surging energy costs and the cost of living crisis At the height of the UK's cost of living crisis in 2022, approximately ** percent of UK households were experiencing rising prices compared with the previous month. It was during 2022 that the UK's CPI inflation rate reached a peak of **** percent, in October of that year. Food and energy, in particular, were the main drivers of inflation during this period, with energy inflation reaching **** percent, and food prices increasing by **** percent at the height of the crisis. Although prices fell to more expected levels by 2024, an uptick in inflation is forecast for 2025, with prices rising by *** percent in the third quarter of the year. Global Inflation Crisis The UK was not alone in suffering rapid inflation during this time period, with several countries across the world experiencing an inflation crisis. The roots of the crisis began as the global economy gradually emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. Blocked-up supply chains, struggled to recover as quickly as consumer demand, with food and energy prices also facing upward pressure. Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 led to Europe gradually weening itself of cheap Russian energy exports, while for several months Ukraine struggled to export crucial food supplies to the rest of the World.

As of August 2025, the average annual price of Brent crude oil stood at 71.3 U.S. dollars per barrel. This is over nine U.S. dollars lower than the 2024 average. Brent is the world's leading price benchmark for Atlantic basin crude oils. Crude oil is one of the most closely observed commodity prices as it influences costs across all stages of the production process and consequently alters the price of consumer goods as well. What determines crude oil benchmarks? In the past decade, crude oil prices have been especially volatile. Their inherent inelasticity regarding short-term changes in demand and supply means that oil prices are erratic by nature. However, since the 2009 financial crisis, many commercial developments have greatly contributed to price volatility, such as economic growth by BRIC countries like China and India, and the advent of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling in the U.S. The outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war are examples of geopolitical events dictating prices. Light crude oils - Brent and WTI Brent Crude is considered a classification of sweet light crude oil and acts as a benchmark price for oil around the world. It is considered a sweet light crude oil due to its low sulfur content and low density and may be easily refined into gasoline. This oil originates in the North Sea and comprises several different oil blends, including Brent Blend and Ekofisk crude. Often, this crude oil is refined in Northwest Europe. Another sweet light oil often referenced alongside UK Brent is West Texas Intermediate (WTI). WTI oil prices amounted to 76.55 U.S. dollars per barrel in 2024.

The price of gas in the United Kingdom was 80.1 British pence per therm in the third quarter of 2025. It is anticipated gas prices will increase to 85.4 pence in the first quarter of 2026 before gradually falling to just under 77.6 pence by the second quarter of of the year. Surging energy costs and the cost of living crisis At the height of the UK's cost of living crisis in 2022, approximately 91 percent of UK households were experiencing rising prices compared with the previous month. It was during 2022 that the UK's CPI inflation rate reached a peak of 11.1 percent, in October of that year. Food and energy, in particular, were the main drivers of inflation during this period, with energy inflation reaching 26.6 percent, and food prices increasing by 18.2 percent at the height of the crisis. Although prices fell to more expected levels by 2024, an uptick in inflation is forecast for 2025, with prices rising by 3.7 percent in the third quarter of the year. Global Inflation Crisis The UK was not alone in suffering rapid inflation during this time period, with several countries across the world experiencing an inflation crisis. The roots of the crisis began as the global economy gradually emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. Blocked-up supply chains, struggled to recover as quickly as consumer demand, with food and energy prices also facing upward pressure. Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 led to Europe gradually weening itself of cheap Russian energy exports, while for several months Ukraine struggled to export crucial food supplies to the rest of the World.

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Diesel Fuel Retail Sales Market Size 2025-2029

The diesel fuel retail sales market is forecasted to grow by USD billion at a CAGR of 2.8% during the forecast period. Exact values for this market can be accessed upon purchasing the report.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to several key factors. One of the primary drivers is the increasing adoption of e-commerce and logistics, which has led to a surge in demand for diesel fuel to power delivery vehicles. Additionally, technological advancements in diesel engines have made them more efficient and environmentally friendly, making them an attractive option for consumers and businesses alike. However, the market is also facing challenges from stringent environmental regulations, which are driving up costs for diesel fuel producers and retailers. These regulations are leading to the development of alternative fuels and technologies, which could potentially disrupt the market in the future.
Overall, the market is expected to grow steadily over the next few years, driven by these key trends and challenges.

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How is this market segmented?

The market is a significant segment of the global petroleum industry, characterized by economic fluctuations and evolving consumer preferences. With the increasing focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change, the demand for diesel fuel is shifting towards more sustainable alternatives. Hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles are gaining popularity, leading to a decline in diesel sales. However, the transition to renewable energy is not an overnight process, and diesel will continue to play a crucial role in the energy mix. Economic factors, such as fuel prices and economic conditions, significantly impact the market. Regulatory pressures, including environmental regulations and carbon emissions targets, are driving innovation in engine oil, fuel additives, and lubricants to improve fuel efficiency and reduce carbon emissions.
The infrastructure development of fuel stations and investment in automation and customer experience are essential for profitability and staying competitive. The market is also influenced by the availability and adoption of alternative fuels, such as biodiesel and other renewable energy sources. The energy transition presents both opportunities and challenges for businesses in this sector, requiring a flexible business model and a commitment to sustainability. Overall, the market is an essential component of the global energy landscape, undergoing continuous change and adaptation to meet the evolving needs of consumers and the economy.

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in USD bn for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2024 for the following segments:

Sales Channel

  Gasoline Stations
  Gasoline Stations with Convenience Stores
  Fuel Dealers


Geography

  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  Europe

    Germany
    UK
    Italy
    Spain


  North America

    Canada
    US


  South America & MEA

By Sales Channel Insights

The gasoline stations segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market is a significant sector within the global energy industry. According to the market is expected to experience steady growth due to the increasing demand for diesel fuel in various sectors such as transportation, construction, and power generation. Key factors driving this growth include the expanding industrial sector and the shift towards heavy-duty vehicles. Additionally, economic growth in developing countries is expected to boost demand for diesel fuel in the coming years. Market research firms also highlight the importance of supply-demand balance and government regulations in shaping the market dynamics.

Overall, the market is expected to remain a vital component of the global energy landscape.

Regional Analysis

The market experienced significant growth in the North American region in the year 2021, accounting for the largest market share. This region is expected to present lucrative opportunities for market participants in the upcoming years. Factors such as increasing transportation sectors and growing industrialization will significantly contribute to the market expansion in this region. Approximately 50% of the market growth is projected to originate from North America during the forecast period. The United States and Canada are the key markets for diesel fuel retail sales in North America. Market growth in this region is anticipated to be faster than in other regions due to the aforementioned factors.

Market Dynamics

Our diesel fuel retail sales market researchers analyzed the data with 2024 as the base year, along with the key drivers, trends, and challenges

View monthly updates and historical trends for European Union Natural Gas Import Price. Source: World Bank. Track economic data with YCharts analytics.

The average monthly price for natural gas in the United States amounted to *** nominal U.S. dollars per million British thermal units (Btu) in October 2025. By contrast, natural gas prices in Europe were about three times higher than those in the U.S. Prices in Europe tend to be notably higher than those in the U.S. as the latter benefits from being a major hydrocarbon producer. Europe's import reliance European prices for natural gas rose most notable throughout the second half of 2021 and much of 2022, peaking at over ** U.S. dollars per million Btu in August 2022. The sharp rise was due to supply chain issues and economic strain following the COVID-19 pandemic, which was further exacerbated by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in early 2022. As a result of the war, many countries began looking for alternative sources, and Russian pipeline gas imports to the European Union declined as a result. Meanwhile, LNG was a great beneficiary, with LNG demand in Europe rising by more than ** percent between 2021 and 2024. How domestic natural gas production shapes prices As intimated, the United States’ position among the leaders of worldwide natural gas production is one of the main reasons for why prices for this commodity are so low across the country. In 2024, the U.S. produced more than ************ cubic meters of natural gas, which allays domestic demand and allows for far lower purchasing prices.

Fuel wholesalers' revenue is hugely influenced by trends in the world price of oil. OPEC+ manipulates oil prices by controlling the global oil supply, adjusting production quotas, communicating strategically and collaborating with other major oil producers. Plummeting demand for fuel during the COVID-19 outbreak led to historically low oil prices over 2020-21, causing a sharp dip in revenue and profit. However, cuts to production by OPEC+ led to prices recovering to pre-pandemic levels in February 2021. Oil prices surged to a 14-year high in March 2022 amid supply chain disruptions following key oil exporter Russia's invasion of Ukraine, leading to petrol prices surpassing 180p per litre for the first time. As a result, fuel wholesalers’ revenue surged in 2021-22 and 2022-23. In 2023-24, wholesale prices remained inflated on pre-conflict levels, although they were significantly lower than their peak in June 2022. In 2024-25, prices have returned to pre-conflict levels, driving an expected 0.2% boost in revenue. The industry faces increasing competition from renewable energy sources and the robust growth in alternatively fuelled vehicles (AFVs), as the government has encouraged the purchase of AFVs through government subsidies since 2011. Fuel duty was frozen for the 15th consecutive year in the October 2024 Budget. However, energy consumption in the UK has dipped as technology has become increasingly fuel-efficient. Still, over the five years through 2024-25, revenue is anticipated to grow at a compound annual rate of 0.5% to reach £71.5 billion. Fuel prices will inevitably continue to be dictated by OPEC+ over the coming years. However, geopolitical volatility will threaten this alliance. The prospective ban on new petrol and diesel vehicle sales — part of a wider government policy to target net-zero emissions by 2050 — also threatens future fuel sales. Increasingly stringent environmental regulations will constrain fuel demand. Over the five years through 2029-30, revenue is expected to edge upwards at a compound annual rate of 0.8% to £74.4 billion.

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Bunker Fuel Market Size 2025-2029

The bunker fuel market size is forecast to increase by USD 33.8 billion, at a CAGR of 4.5% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is driven by several key factors, including the increasing naval expenditure and the growing LNG industry. Naval forces worldwide continue to expand their fleets, necessitating a significant demand for bunker fuel to power their operations. Furthermore, the transition towards cleaner energy sources in the maritime sector is gaining momentum, with the LNG industry experiencing robust growth. However, this market landscape is not without challenges. Fluctuations in oil and gas prices pose a significant threat to market stability, as bunker fuel is derived from these commodities. These price volatilities can impact the profitability of bunker fuel suppliers and consumers alike, necessitating effective risk management strategies. Additionally, the growing demand for LNG is leading to an increase in demand for bunker fuel as LNG carriers require large quantities of fuel for their operations. 
Companies seeking to capitalize on market opportunities must stay abreast of these trends and challenges, adapting their business models and operations accordingly. Navigating the complexities of the market requires a deep understanding of its underlying dynamics and the ability to respond swiftly to market shifts. Fleet management and optimization are crucial for minimizing fuel consumption and maximizing efficiency. The industry is exploring various solutions to reduce emissions, from fuel efficiency improvements to alternative fuels like liquefied natural gas (LNG) and biofuels.

What will be the Size of the Bunker Fuel Market during the forecast period?

Explore in-depth regional segment analysis with market size data - historical 2019-2023 and forecasts 2025-2029 - in the full report.
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The market continues to evolve, driven by a complex interplay of factors. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is gaining traction as a cleaner alternative to heavy fuel oil (HFO), aligning with International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations. Ship management companies are increasingly focusing on fuel optimization, incorporating advanced technologies to enhance engine performance and reduce emissions. Bunkering operations and infrastructure are adapting to accommodate various fuel types, including marine gasoil (MGO) and LPG. Freight rates and shipping economics are influenced by fuel costs and the ongoing shift towards cleaner fuels. Fuel delivery methods, from traditional bunkering vessels to new technologies like fuel cell trucks, are evolving to meet changing market demands. IMO regulations, such as Marpol Annex VI and Marpol Annex IV, are driving the maritime industry towards stricter emissions standards.

Fuel quality and handling are critical aspects of ensuring compliance, with fuel testing and optimization playing essential roles. Ship design and hull optimization are also key factors, as new technologies like hybrid propulsion, shaft generators, and carbon capture are gaining traction. Ballast water management and emissions reduction technologies are also becoming increasingly important, as the industry strives for sustainable shipping practices. The market is a dynamic and evolving landscape, with ongoing activities and unfolding patterns shaping its future. From fuel optimization and emissions reduction to the adoption of new technologies and alternative fuels, the market is poised for continuous change.

How is this Bunker Fuel Industry segmented?

The bunker fuel industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  MGO
  HSFO
  VLSFO


Application

  Container
  Bulk carrier
  Oil tanker
  General cargo
  Chemical tanker


Distribution Channel

  IOC/NOC
  Large independent distributor
  Small independent distributor


Geography

  North America

    US


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    The Netherlands
    UK


  Middle East and Africa

    UAE


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    Singapore


  Rest of World (ROW)

By Type Insights

The MGO segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Marine gas oil (MGO), a distillate fuel derived from crude oil through refining, is widely used in ships and marine vessels due to its lower sulfur content, ensuring compliance with stricter emissions regulations, particularly in Emission Control Areas (ECAs). MGO's cleaner properties, including lower viscosity and density compared to heavy fuel oils (HFO), facilitate easier handling and combustion. Environmental compliance is a significant factor driving the demand for MGO in the maritime industry. Fuel costs, a crucial component of shipping eco

The 2025 annual OPEC basket price stood at ***** U.S. dollars per barrel as of August. This would be lower than the 2024 average, which amounted to ***** U.S. dollars. The abbreviation OPEC stands for Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and includes Algeria, Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iraq, Iran, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, and the United Arab Emirates. The aim of the OPEC is to coordinate the oil policies of its member states. It was founded in 1960 in Baghdad, Iraq. The OPEC Reference Basket The OPEC crude oil price is defined by the price of the so-called OPEC (Reference) basket. This basket is an average of prices of the various petroleum blends that are produced by the OPEC members. Some of these oil blends are, for example: Saharan Blend from Algeria, Basra Light from Iraq, Arab Light from Saudi Arabia, BCF 17 from Venezuela, et cetera. By increasing and decreasing its oil production, OPEC tries to keep the price between a given maxima and minima. Benchmark crude oil The OPEC basket is one of the most important benchmarks for crude oil prices worldwide. Other significant benchmarks are UK Brent, West Texas Intermediate (WTI), and Dubai Crude (Fateh). Because there are many types and grades of oil, such benchmarks are indispensable for referencing them on the global oil market. The 2025 fall in prices was the result of weakened demand outlooks exacerbated by extensive U.S. trade tariffs.

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Road Transportation Fuel Market Size 2025-2029

The road transportation fuel market size is forecast to increase by USD 308 billion at a CAGR of 6.9% between 2024 and 2029.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven primarily by the increasing number of automobiles on roads worldwide. This trend is fueled by urbanization, rising disposable income, and improving road infrastructure in developing economies. Another key factor propelling market expansion is the adoption of bio-based and clean fuels, as governments and consumers seek to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the environmental impact of traditional fossil fuels. However, market growth faces challenges. Regulatory hurdles impact the adoption of alternative fuels, as governments and regulatory bodies implement stringent standards and certification processes. Additionally, supply chain inconsistencies temper growth potential, as the production and distribution of bio-based and clean fuels require complex logistical networks and significant investment. Simultaneously, the rising demand for fuel supplies to power these automobiles has become a critical concern. To address this challenge, alternative fuel energy solutions such as electric vehicles and renewable fuel sources are gaining popularity.
Fluctuations in global oil and gas prices further complicate market dynamics, as they can significantly impact the cost competitiveness of various fuel types. Companies seeking to capitalize on market opportunities must navigate these challenges effectively, focusing on regulatory compliance, supply chain optimization, and price competitiveness.

What will be the Size of the Road Transportation Fuel Market during the forecast period?

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The market is experiencing significant dynamics and trends, driven by advancements in fuel efficiency and emissions reduction. Battery range improvement and fuel efficiency standards are pushing automakers to innovate, leading to more fuel-efficient vehicles. Fuel consumption data analysis and fuel performance analysis are crucial for optimizing fleet operations and reducing costs. Fuel blending ratios, fuel additives research, and renewable fuel mandates are shaping the fuel mix, with hydrogen fuel production and biodiesel production gaining traction. Fuel price deregulation and fuel tax reform influence market competition, while fuel infrastructure development and fuel delivery systems ensure reliable supply. Emissions trading and fuel quality control are essential components of the regulatory landscape. These fuels include crude oil derivatives such as gasoline and diesel, as well as alternative fuels like biofuels, compressed natural gas (CNG), aviation turbine fuel (ATF), and synthetic fuels.
Fuel cost management and fleet electrification strategies are key considerations for businesses in the sector. Fuel market intelligence and fuel economy testing provide valuable insights into market trends and consumer preferences. Fuel blending technologies and renewable diesel production are also transforming the industry.

How is this Road Transportation Fuel Industry segmented?

The road transportation fuel industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

End-user

  Gasoline
  Diesel
  Biofuels
  Natural gas


Vehicle Category

  Light-duty vehicles
  Heavy-duty vehicles


Distribution Channel

  Gas stations
  EV charging stations
  Fleet fueling


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan
    South Korea


  Rest of World (ROW)

By End-user Insights

The gasoline segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. In the road transportation sector, gasoline serves as the primary fuel for powering internal combustion engines in a range of vehicles, including passenger cars, two-wheelers, and light trucks. To ensure optimal performance and engine protection, gasoline must be free from knocking or premature detonation. Consequently, rigorous fuel testing is essential to maintain the required specifications. Any gasoline failing to meet these standards is returned to the refinery for reprocessing. The demand for gasoline is influenced by the number of passenger vehicles and light trucks in operation, with urbanization and rising disposable income driving their adoption. Alternative fuels, such as diesel, biofuels, hydrogen, and electricity, are gaining traction in the market due to environmental concerns and regulatory pressures. Biofuel blends, such as E10 and B20, are becoming increasingly common in the market. Sustainable aviation fuels, liquefied natural gas, and specialty fuels for off-road vehicles