Between January 1971 and May 2025, gold had average annual returns of **** percent, which was only slightly more than the return of commodities, with an annual average of around eight percent. The annual return of gold was over ** percent in 2024. What is the total global demand for gold? The global demand for gold remains robust owing to its historical importance, financial stability, and cultural appeal. During economic uncertainty, investors look for a safe haven, while emerging markets fuel jewelry demand. A distinct contrast transpired during COVID-19, when the global demand for gold experienced a sharp decline in 2020 owing to a reduction in consumer spending. However, the subsequent years saw an increase in demand for the precious metal. How much gold is produced worldwide? The production of gold depends mainly on geological formations, market demand, and the cost of production. These factors have a significant impact on the discovery, extraction, and economic viability of gold mining operations worldwide. In 2024, the worldwide production of gold was expected to reach *** million ounces, and it is anticipated that the rate of growth will increase as exploration technologies improve, gold prices rise, and mining practices improve.

Gold is the most popular precious metal in the investment industry. The rate of return for gold investments fluctuated significantly during the period from 2002 to 2024 but generated positive returns in most years of the observed period. The return of gold as an investment reached almost ** percent in 2024, one of the highest recorded. Why is gold valuable? Gold is a precious metal with several practical uses, particularly in technology. For example, NASA uses gold to improve its lasers and protect sensitive things in space, including a part of the visor for its astronauts. However, a large share of the demand for gold worldwide is as an investment, particularly by central banks. Gold serves the purpose of an alternative to currency because it is relatively scarce but still has enough mine production to serve the financial sector. Gold as an investment Under the Bretton Woods agreement after World War II, the world’s major currencies were tied to the value of gold. This system, called the Gold Standard, ended in 1971. Still, most countries maintain significant gold reserves. Due to this history and the overall faith in the value of gold, the average gold price tends to increase in times of recession, making it an attractive investment in uncertain times.

Gold fell to 4,199.97 USD/t.oz on December 2, 2025, down 0.75% from the previous day. Over the past month, Gold's price has risen 4.93%, and is up 58.92% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Gold - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

As of 31 May 2025, MSCI U.S. had an average **-year return rate of ***** percent, whereas gold had a return rate of ***** percent. Gold mining overview In light of recent technological advancements shaping the gold mining market, global gold production has been rather stable in the last few years, hovering around ***** metric tons since 2020. Among nations, Australia holds the highest gold production, surpassing countries with the highest mine gold reserves. Gold as a financial security Known for its ability to provide diversification to investment portfolios, gold has exhibited a positive trend in its Gold’s return rate was particularly high in the early 2000s, and, despite experiencing a decline during the pandemic, it demonstrated a remarkable recovery since. Furthermore, gold serves as a valuable asset for a nation's economic stability, with the United States holding the highest amount of

As of 31 May 2025, gold had an average **-year return rate of ***** percent, which was slightly above than U.S. stocks with a rate of ***** percent.

Context

Gold is a highly liquid asset, which is no one’s liability, carries no credit risk, and is scarce, historically preserving its value over time. It also benefits from diverse sources of demand: as an investment, a reserve asset, jewellery, and a technology component. Since 1971, gold’s return has been similar to equities and outperformed bonds. In the last 20 years, gold outperformed most major asset classes and it’s global investment demand increased by an average of 15% per year. Through its dual nature as a consumer good and investment, gold has historically preserved its value. Unlike fiat currencies, gold can’t be printed, only mined — this explains in good part why it has consistently outperformed all major fiat currencies.

Content

1. Date: The date of the trading day.
2. Open: The opening price of the gold share on that day.
3. High: The highest price the gold share reached during the trading day.
4. Low: The lowest price the gold share reached during the trading day.
5. Close: The closing price of the gold share on that day.
6. WAP: Weighted Average Price, which is the average price at which all trades of the stock or asset were executed during the trading day.
   WAP = (Total Cost of Purchases / Total Quantity Purchased)
7. No. of Shares: The total number of shares traded on that day.
8. No. of Trades: The total number of trades executed on that day.
9. Total Turnover: The total value of all trades executed on that day.
10. Deliverable Quantity: The total number of shares that were actually delivered to buyers on that day.
11. % Deli. Qty to Traded Qty: The percentage of the total traded quantity of shares that were actually delivered to buyers on that day.
12. Spread H-L: The difference between the highest and lowest prices of the gold share on that day.
13. Spread C-O: The difference between the closing and opening prices of the gold share on that day.

Index Time Series for SPDR® Gold Shares. The frequency of the observation is daily. Moving average series are also typically included. The Trust holds gold bars and from time to time, issues Baskets in exchange for deposits of gold and distributes gold in connection with redemptions of Baskets. The investment objective of the Trust is for the Shares to reflect the performance of the price of gold bullion, less the Trust"s expenses. The Sponsor believes that, for many investors, the Shares represent a cost-effective investment in gold.

The average monthly prices for gold increased worldwide between January 2014 and May 2025, although with some fluctuations. In January 2014, the average monthly price for gold worldwide stood at ******** nominal U.S. dollars per troy ounce. Significant jumps in the gold prices were observed, especially in the periods of uncertainty, as the investors tend to see gold as a safe investment option. For instance, the Corona pandemic acted as a shock to the economy, resulting in substantial increases in gold prices in 2020. As of May 2025, gold valued at ******** U.S. dollars per ounce, the highest value reported during this period.

Return-On-Equity Time Series for Zhongrun Resources Investment. Zhaojin International Gold Co., Ltd., together with its subsidiaries, engages in the mineral exploitation and real estate investment businesses in China. It explores for gold, silver, and nonferrous metals. The company also imports, exports, and trades in metal mining industry; and engages in asset and acquisition of mineral resource companies, as well as invests in and develops real estate properties. The company was formerly known as Zhongrun Resources Investment Corporation and change its name to Zhaojin International Gold Co., Ltd. in July 2025. Zhaojin International Gold Co., Ltd. was founded in 1988 and is headquartered in Jinan, China.

This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.

The price of gold per troy ounce increased considerably between 1990 and 2025, despite some fluctuations. A troy ounce is the international common unit of weight used for precious metals and is approximately **** grams. At the end of 2024, a troy ounce of gold cost ******* U.S. dollars. As of * June 2025, it increased considerably to ******** U.S. dollars. Price of – additional information In 2000, the price of gold was at its lowest since 1990, with a troy ounce of gold costing ***** U.S. dollars in that year. Since then, gold prices have been rising and after the economic crisis of 2008, the price of gold rose at higher rates than ever before as the market began to see gold as an increasingly good investment. History has shown, gold is seen as a good investment in times of uncertainty because it can or is thought to function as a good store of value against a declining currency as well as providing protection against inflation. However, unlike other commodities, once gold is mined it does not get used up like other commodities (for example, such as gasoline). So while gold may be a good investment at times, the supply demand argument does not apply to gold. Nonetheless, the demand for gold has been mostly consistent.

Context

In the Indian Stock Market, the term "Nifty" was derived from "National" and "Fifty" as it comprised of 50 actively traded stocks in the National Stock Exchange. While initially one stock, the brand NIFTY grew to the point where it comprised of over 350 Indices as of February 28 2023, all of which serve as benchmarks for products traded on NSE.

The Nifty 50 Index consists of 50 companies spread across 13 sectors and is the largest single financial product of India. However, there are many other Indices which represent different segments and industries within the stock market and many investors use these indices to track the performance of specific sectors or market segments, and to gain exposure to different areas of the Indian economy.

Financial Investments need to be distributed across multiple investment vehicles to reduce risk. Methods to reduce risk involve diversifying one's portfolio across * various asset classes(Equity, Bonds, etc.) * sectors(IT, Pharma, etc.) * sub-groups based on parameters like Size (Large Cap, Mid Cap, Small Cap) and Geography(International Funds).

Analysis on the data of different investment vehicles could provide insights which could help an investor make informed decisions while investing and reduce risks.

Content

This dataset is divided into 3 folders. All files contain data before 7th April 2023.

Bonds and ETFs

Historical Data about two ETFs and one bond

BHARATBOND_2030: An investment option facilitated by Edelweiss Mutual Fund. Invests in bonds issues by Indian Public Sector companies.

GoldBeEs: ETF that invests in physical gold and aims to provide returns that closely correspond to the returns provided by the domestic price of gold.

SilverBeEs: ETF that invests in physical silver and aims to provide returns that closely correspond to the returns provided by the domestic price of silver.

Investment Factor Indices

Historical Data about four Indices tracking the performance of top companies based on specific parameters.

NIFTY50 Value 20: Tracks the 20 stocks which are Top ranked in Value among all the Nifty 50 stocks.

NIFTY200 Momentum 30: Tracks the 30 stocks with the highest Momentum among the Top-200 stocks.

NIFTY200 Quality 30: Tracks the 30 stocks with highest quality rating among Top-200 stocks

NIFTY Alpha Low Volatility 30: Tracks the 30 stocks with high Alpha and Low Volatility from among the Top 150 stocks

NIFTY_Indices

Contains the daily open, high, low and close of 18 NIFTY Indices across different sectors and sizes from their launch date till April 6 2023. The file CLOSE-INDICES.csv consists of the daily close prices of all 18 indices from 29 December 2006 till April 6 2023.

Acknowledgements

This data is sourced from NSE and Yahoo Finance.

Silver fell to 57.28 USD/t.oz on December 2, 2025, down 1.22% from the previous day. Over the past month, Silver's price has risen 19.11%, and is up 84.81% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Silver - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

As of May 2025, the London (morning fixing) price of an ounce of gold cost an average of ******** U.S. dollars, a slight increase compared to the average monthly morning fixing price of ******** U.S. dollars per ounce in the previous month.

London fixing gold price In January 2020, the average price for an ounce of fine gold was ******** U.S. dollars. It increased to ******** U.S. dollars as of April 2022. Although the monthly price for fine gold fluctuates, the average annual price of fine gold is gradually increasing. In 2001, the price for one ounce of gold was *** U.S. dollars, and by 2012 the price had risen to some ***** U.S. dollars. By 2024, the annual average gold price was nearly ***** dollars per ounce. In that year, global gold demand reached ******* metric tons worldwide. Price determinants of fine gold Fine gold is considered to be almost pure gold, where the value of the metal depends on the percentage of fineness. Twenty-four-carat gold is considered fine gold (from 99.9 percent gold by mass and higher). The London Gold Fix acts as a benchmark for the price of gold. The price of gold is set by the members of the London Gold Market Fixing Ltd undertaken by Barclays and its other members. The price is determined twice per business day at 10:30 am and 3:00 pm based on the London bullion market to settle contracts within the bullion market. The price is based on the equilibrium point between supply and demand agreed upon by participating banks. Gold prices must remain flexible, and gold fixing provides an instantaneous price at specified times.

Return-On-Total-Capital Time Series for Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Co Ltd. Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Co. Ltd., together with its subsidiaries, engages in the mining, beneficiation, and smelting of non-ferrous metals in China and internationally. Its product portfolio includes lead and zinc concentrates, copper concentrates, lead ingots, zinc ingots and zinc alloys, cathode copper, silver, gold, cadmium ingots, germanium ingots, indium ingots, industrial sulfuric acid, sulfur, and other products. The company is also involved in the trade of non-ferrous metals, such as lead and zinc, cathode copper, silver, and other metals, as well as the recovery of rare, dispersed, and precious metals comprising gold, silver, gallium, germanium, indium, selenium, tellurium, bismuth, platinum, palladium, and rhodium. In addition, the company offers aluminum profiles, aluminum doors and windows, battery zinc powder, flaky zinc powder, punched nickel-plated steel strips, composite metal materials and bimetallic components, and electrical contact materials and components. Further, it engages in project management; sales of intelligent basic manufacturing equipment; investment activities; real estate development and property management; and real estate leasing. Additionally, the company provides futures brokerage, consulting, and training services; investment management and consulting services; project consulting, engineering design, planning and design, engineering supervision, project management, engineering general contracting services, engineering technology application research and experimental development, and technology promotion services in the metallurgical and construction industries; supply chain management services; and capital investment services. Shenzhen Zhongjin Lingnan Nonfemet Co. Ltd. was founded in 1984 and is headquartered in Shenzhen, China.

Platinum fell to 1,646.20 USD/t.oz on December 2, 2025, down 0.99% from the previous day. Over the past month, Platinum's price has risen 5.18%, and is up 73.12% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. Platinum - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on December of 2025.

In 2024, one troy ounce of gold had an annual average price of ******** U.S. dollars. Gold pricing determinants Gold is a metal that is considered malleable, ductile, and is known for its bright lustrous yellow color. This transition metal is highly valued as a precious metal for its use in coins, jewelry, and in investments. Gold was also once used as a standard for monetary policies between different countries. The price of gold is determined by daily fixings where participants agree to buy or sell at a set price or to maintain the price through supply and demand control. For gold, companies like Barclays Capital, Scotia-Mocatta, Sociétè Générale, HSBC, and Deutsche Bank are members in gold fixing at the London Bullion Market Association.

The Aneka Tambang (Persero) Tbk Stock Price History dataset contains 1,450 daily trading records of the Indonesian mining company PT Aneka Tambang Tbk (ANTM.JK). The dataset provides historical price movements, trading volumes, and other market indicators, making it valuable for financial analysis, stock prediction modeling, and investment research.

Dataset Structure 1. Date — The trading date (day/month/year). 2. Price — The closing price of the stock. 3. Open — The stock price at the opening of the trading day. 4. High — The highest price reached during the trading day. 5. Low — The lowest price reached during the trading day. 6. Vol — The trading volume (in millions of shares).

Usage Ideas 1. Time Series Forecasting — Apply models like ARIMA, Prophet, or LSTM to predict future stock prices. 2. Technical Analysis — Calculate moving averages, RSI, MACD, and other indicators. 3. Correlation Studies — Compare stock movements with commodity prices such as gold or nickel. 4. Investment Strategy Simulation — Backtest trading strategies using historical data.

Potential Applications 1. Financial Market Research — Study the performance trends of ANTM over time. 2. Machine Learning Models — Build regression or classification models for price movement prediction. 3. Educational Use — Practice data cleaning, visualization, and feature engineering on real-world stock market data.

The global Gold Bump Packaging and Testing market is poised for substantial growth, projected to reach a significant market size of approximately $5,500 million by 2025, with a robust Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of around 9.5% anticipated over the forecast period extending to 2033. This upward trajectory is primarily fueled by the escalating demand for advanced semiconductor devices across a multitude of applications, including sophisticated display driver ICs essential for next-generation smartphones, tablets, and wearable technology, as well as high-performance CIS (CMOS Image Sensor) chips driving innovation in automotive, security, and consumer electronics. The increasing complexity and miniaturization of integrated circuits necessitate advanced packaging solutions like Gold Bump packaging, which offers superior electrical performance, reliability, and thermal management. Furthermore, the growing trend towards wafer-level packaging (WLP) solutions, such as Chip-on-Wafer (COG) and Chip-on-Flex (COF), is a significant market driver, enabling more compact and cost-effective semiconductor designs. However, the market is not without its challenges. The highly competitive landscape, characterized by the presence of numerous established players and the continuous need for substantial R&D investment to keep pace with technological advancements, presents a restraint. Fluctuations in raw material prices, particularly gold, can also impact profit margins. Despite these hurdles, the market's outlook remains overwhelmingly positive, driven by ongoing technological innovation and the expanding applications for semiconductors. Key players like ASE Technology Holding, JCET Group, Tongfu Microelectronics, and Amkor Technology are actively investing in research and development to enhance their gold bump packaging and testing capabilities, focusing on increasing throughput, improving yield rates, and developing specialized solutions for emerging markets such as artificial intelligence and 5G infrastructure. The Asia Pacific region, particularly China and South Korea, is expected to dominate the market due to its strong manufacturing base and the presence of major semiconductor foundries and assembly houses. Here is a comprehensive report description for "Gold Bump Packaging and Testing," incorporating your specified details:

This in-depth report offers a meticulous analysis of the global Gold Bump Packaging and Testing market, providing critical insights from 2019 through 2033, with a base year of 2025 and a detailed forecast period from 2025 to 2033. The study encompasses the historical trajectory from 2019-2024, offering a robust foundation for understanding market dynamics. We delve into the intricate landscape of packaging technologies for critical semiconductor components, focusing on the essential gold bumping process, a cornerstone of advanced semiconductor assembly. The report examines the market through various lenses, including an in-depth analysis of key industry players, their strategic initiatives, and their market positioning. It dissects the technological advancements, regulatory impacts, and competitive forces shaping the sector. Furthermore, the report highlights the critical role of gold bump packaging and testing in enabling the performance and reliability of a wide array of electronic devices, from consumer electronics to advanced automotive and industrial applications.

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Precious Metals Market Size 2025-2029

The precious metals market size is forecast to increase by US $105.3 billion, at a CAGR of 6.4% between 2024 and 2029.

Precious metals, including gold, silver, platinum, and palladium, have long been recognized as valuable assets in times of economic instability. Their inherent scarcity and durability make them an attractive investment for businesses and individuals seeking to hedge against inflation and market volatility. The market is a dynamic and evolving entity, influenced by various factors. One significant trend is the growing focus on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues. This concern extends to the mining and extraction processes of these metals, leading to increased scrutiny and regulatory oversight. Gold, the most commonly held precious metal, experienced a 23.3% increase in demand from institutional investors in 2020.
This surge can be attributed to a multitude of factors, including geopolitical tensions, currency devaluation, and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Silver, another popular precious metal, is used extensively in industrial applications, particularly in electronics and solar panels. Its demand is influenced by technological advancements and economic conditions. Platinum and palladium, primarily used in the automotive industry for catalytic converters, face demand fluctuations based on the health of the global automotive sector. The market is subject to continuous unfolding activities, with trends and patterns evolving in response to economic, technological, and regulatory developments. As a professional, it is crucial to stay informed and adapt to these changes to make informed decisions.

Major Market Trends & Insights

APAC dominated the market and accounted for a 44% growth during the forecast period.
The market is expected to grow significantly in the US as well over the forecast period.
By the Type, the Gold sub-segment was valued at US $94.40 billion in 2023
By the Application, the Industrial sub-segment accounted for the largest market revenue share in 2023

Market Size & Forecast

Future Opportunities: US $105.3 billion 
CAGR : 6.4%
APAC: Largest market in 2023

What will be the Size of the Precious Metals Market during the forecast period?

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Precious metals, including platinum and gold, continue to hold significant value in various industries due to their unique properties. Current market performance is marked by a steady increase in demand, with approximately 25% of global production being utilized for industrial applications. Looking ahead, future growth expectations indicate a potential 18% expansion in the market's size. A comparison of key numerical data highlights the significance of these metals. For instance, platinum's high melting point and excellent electrical conductivity make it an essential component in catalytic converters, accounting for around 40% of its total demand. In contrast, gold, with its malleability and resistance to corrosion, is widely used in jewelry and electronics, contributing to a global market value of around 1.7 trillion USD.
These metals' diverse applications and inherent value make them a vital component of numerous industries, with ongoing research and development efforts focusing on refining techniques, metallurgical engineering, and recycling processes to optimize their use and maximize their value.
The Precious Metals Market is driven by advancements in metal refining techniques and sustainable practices like precious metal recycling and precious metal waste management. Innovations such as metallographic analysis enhance quality control in producing high-purity metals, while industries leverage precious metal composites and precious metal coatings for durability and performance. Applications range from precious metal catalysts in chemical processes to gold nanoparticle synthesis in biomedical research. Manufacturing relies on precious metal forming techniques, including precious metal electroforming, alongside advanced metal finishing processes and metal surface treatments. Demand for precious metal concentrates, precious metal compounds, and precious metal salts continues to grow, while precious metal scrap recovery supports sustainability. Specialized uses such as platinum electrode fabrication and silver halide photography highlight the expanding role of precious metals across industries.

How is this Precious Metals Industry segmented?

The precious metals industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029, as well as historical data from 2019-2023 for the following segments.

Type

  Gold
  Silver
  Platinum


Application

  Industrial
  Jewelry
  Investment


End-use Industry

  Jewelry Manufacturing
  Automotive (Catal