The inflation rate for the Retail Price Index (RPI) in the United Kingdom was 4.3 percent in October 2025, down from 4.5 percent in the previous month. From 2021 onwards, prices in the UK rose rapidly, with the RPI inflation rate peaking at 14.2 percent in October 2022. Although inflation fell in subsequent months, it wasn't until July 2023 that inflation fell below double digits, and as of late 2024, the RPI rate was still above three percent. The CPI and CPIH While the retail price index is still a popular method of calculating inflation, the consumer price index (CPI) is the current main measurement of inflation in the UK. There is also an additional price index, which includes some extra housing costs, known as the Consumer Price Index including homer occupiers' costs (CPIH) index, which is seen by the UK's Office of National Statistics as the official inflation rate. As of December 2024, the CPI inflation rate stood at 2.5 percent, while the CPIH rate was 3.5 percent. Core inflation down in 2024 Another way of measuring inflation is to strip out the volatility of energy and food prices and look at the underlying core inflation rate. As of December 2024, this was 3.2 percent, slightly higher than the overall CPI rate, but more aligned with the overall figure than it was in 2022 and 2023. When inflation peaked at 11.2 percent in October 2022, for example, core inflation stood at just 6.5 percent. After energy prices in 2023 fell relative to 2022, the overall inflation rate in the UK declined quite rapidly, with core inflation overtaking the overall rate in July 2023. During the most recent period of high inflation, core inflation peaked at 7.1 percent in May 2023, and while taking longer to fall than the overall figure, has generally been declining since then.

Inflation is an important measure of any country’s economy, and the Retail Price Index (RPI) is one of the most widely used indicators in the United Kingdom, with the rate expected to have reached an annual average of 4.3 percent in 2025, compared with 3.6 percent in 2024. This followed 2022, when RPI inflation reached a rate of 11.6 percent, by far the highest annual rate during this provided time period. CPI vs RPI Although the Retail Price Index is a commonly utilized inflation indicator, the UK also uses a newer method of calculating inflation, the Consumer Price Index. The CPI, along with the CPIH (Consumer Price Index including owner occupiers' housing costs) are usually preferred by the UK government, but the RPI is still used in certain instances. Increases in rail fares for example, are calculated using the RPI, while increases in pension payments are calculated using CPI, when this is used as the uprating factor. The use of one inflation measure over the other can therefore have a significant impact on people’s lives in the UK. High inflation eases in 2024 Like the Retail Price Index, the Consumer Price Index inflation rate also reached a recent peak in October 2022. In that month, prices were rising by 11.1 percent and did not fall below double figures until April 2023. This fall was largely due to slower price increases in key sectors such as energy, which drove a significant amount of the 2022 wave of inflation. Inflation nevertheless remains elevated, fueled not only by high food inflation, but also by underlying core inflation. As of February 2025, the overall CPI inflation rate was 2.8 percent, although an uptick in inflation is expected later in the year, with a rate of 3.7 percent forecast for the third quarter of the year.

Retail Price Index in the United Kingdom decreased to 4.30 percent in October from 4.50 percent in September of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Retail Price Index YoY- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

View monthly updates and historical trends for UK Retail Price Index. from United Kingdom. Source: Office for National Statistics. Track economic data wit…

The Retail Price Index (RPI) is one of the main measures of inflation used to calculate the change in the price of goods and services within the British economy. In the third quarter of 2025 the index value was 403.2, indicating that the price for a fixed basket of goods has increased by more than 300 percent since 1987. The RPI inflation rate in September 2025 was 4.5 percent, up from 3.6 percent at the start of the year. Inflation and UK living standards For UK consumers, high inflation is one of the main drivers of the ongoing cost of living crisis. With wages struggling to keep up with the pace of inflation for a long period between 2021 and 2023, UK households saw their living standards fall significantly. In 2022/23, real household disposable income in the UK is estimated to have fallen by 2.1 percent, which was the biggest fall in living standards since 1956. While there have been some signals that the crisis eased somewhat in 2024, such as falling energy and food inflation, an increasing share of UK households have reported increasing living costs since Summer 2024. Additional inflation indicators Aside from the Retail Price Index, the UK also produces other inflation indices such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and the Consumer Price Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH). While these particular indices measure consumer price increases slightly differently, they both provide an overall picture of rising prices. More specific inflation rates, such as by sector, are also produced, while other indices omit certain items, such as core inflation, which excludes food and energy inflation, to provide a more stable measure of inflation.

Measures of monthly UK inflation data including CPIH, CPI and RPI. These tables complement the consumer price inflation time series dataset.

Inflation Rate in the United Kingdom decreased to 3.60 percent in October from 3.80 percent in September of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

United Kingdom UK: Retail Price Index: All Items data was reported at 117.665 2010=100 in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 115.663 2010=100 for 2015. United Kingdom UK: Retail Price Index: All Items data is updated yearly, averaging 36.329 2010=100 from Dec 1948 (Median) to 2016, with 69 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 117.665 2010=100 in 2016 and a record low of 3.801 2010=100 in 1948. United Kingdom UK: Retail Price Index: All Items data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by International Monetary Fund. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.IMF.IFS: Consumer and Producer Price Index: Annual.

Comprehensive database of time series covering measures of inflation data for the UK including CPIH, CPI and RPI.

The Retail Price Index (RPI) YoY in the UK measures the annual change in the cost of a basket of retail goods and services, reflecting inflation from the consumer's perspective.-2025-01-14

The Retail Price Index (RPI) YoY in the UK measures the annual change in the cost of a basket of retail goods and services, reflecting inflation from the consumer's perspective.-2025-03-26

The UK inflation rate was 3.8 percent in September 2025, unchanged from the previous two months, and the fastest rate of inflation since January 2024. Between September 2022 and March 2023, the UK experienced seven months of double-digit inflation, which peaked at 11.1 percent in October 2022. Due to this long period of high inflation, UK consumer prices have increased by over 20 percent in the last three years. As of the most recent month, prices were rising fastest in the education sector, at 7.5 percent, with prices increasing at the slowest rate in the clothing and footwear sector. The Cost of Living Crisis High inflation is one of the main factors behind the ongoing Cost of Living Crisis in the UK, which, despite subsiding somewhat in 2024, is still impacting households going into 2025. In December 2024, for example, 56 percent of UK households reported their cost of living was increasing compared with the previous month, up from 45 percent in July, but far lower than at the height of the crisis in 2022. After global energy prices spiraled that year, the UK's energy price cap increased substantially. The cap, which limits what suppliers can charge consumers, reached 3,549 British pounds per year in October 2022, compared with 1,277 pounds a year earlier. Along with soaring food costs, high-energy bills have hit UK households hard, especially lower income ones that spend more of their earnings on housing costs. As a result of these factors, UK households experienced their biggest fall in living standards in decades in 2022/23. Global inflation crisis causes rapid surge in prices The UK's high inflation, and cost of living crisis in 2022 had its origins in the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the initial waves of the virus, global supply chains struggled to meet the renewed demand for goods and services. Food and energy prices, which were already high, increased further in 2022. Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 brought an end to the era of cheap gas flowing to European markets from Russia. The war also disrupted global food markets, as both Russia and Ukraine are major exporters of cereal crops. As a result of these factors, inflation surged across Europe and in other parts of the world, but typically declined in 2023, and approached more usual levels by 2024.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: All Items data was reported at 1,000.000 Per 1000 in 2018. This stayed constant from the previous number of 1,000.000 Per 1000 for 2017. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: All Items data is updated yearly, averaging 1,000.000 Per 1000 from Dec 1947 (Median) to 2018, with 72 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,000.000 Per 1000 in 2018 and a record low of 1,000.000 Per 1000 in 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: All Items data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.I012: Retail Price Index: Weights.

Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) from January 2014 to September 2025, UK. Summary

In 2025, the average annual inflation rate for the United Kingdom is expected to 3.5 percent, with the average rate for 2026 predicted to fall to 2.5 percent. Inflation in the UK increased at a faster rate than expected, with the rate revised upwards from an earlier prediction of 3.2 percent. Like many countries, the UK has only recently recovered from a period of elevated inflation, which saw the CPI rate reach 9.1 percent in 2022, and 7.3 percent in 2023. Despite the recent uptick in 2025, the inflation rate is expected to fall to 2.5 percent in 2026, and to two percent between 2027 and 2029. UK inflation crisis Between 2021 and 2023, inflation surged in the UK, reaching a 41-year-high of 11.1 percent in October 2022. Although inflation fell to more usual levels by 2024, prices in the UK had already increased by over 20 percent relative to the start of the crisis. The two main drivers of price increases during this time were food and energy inflation, two of the main spending areas of UK households. Although food and energy prices came down quite sharply in 2023, underlying core inflation, which measures prices rises without food and energy, remained slightly above the headline inflation rate throughout 2024, suggesting some aspects of inflation had become embedded in the UK economy. Inflation rises across in the world in 2022 The UK was not alone in suffering from runaway inflation over the last few years. From late 2021 onwards, various factors converged to encourage a global acceleration of prices, leading to the ongoing inflation crisis. Blocked-up supply chains were one of the main factors as the world emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic. This was followed by energy and food inflation skyrocketing after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Central bank interest rates were raised globally in response to the problem, possibly putting an end to the era of cheap money that has defined monetary policy since the financial crash of 2008.

There are a number of differences between the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) and Retail Prices Index (RPI), including their coverage, population base, commodity measurement and methods of construction. Combined, these differences have meant that, for most of its history, the CPI has been lower than the RPI. One of the main reasons to this difference is the method of construction at the lowest level, where different formulae are used in the CPI and RPI to combine individual prices. This difference is usually referred to as the formula effect. This article will investigate similar formula effects present in the inflation measures of other countries, and where necessary will attempt to explain why the magnitude of the formula effect experienced by other countries differs from that of the UK. Source agency: Office for National Statistics Designation: National Statistics Language: English Alternative title: International Comparison

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: Clothing and Footwear data was reported at 43.000 Per 1000 in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 41.000 Per 1000 for 2017. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: Clothing and Footwear data is updated yearly, averaging 76.000 Per 1000 from Dec 1947 (Median) to 2018, with 72 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 106.000 Per 1000 in 1961 and a record low of 39.000 Per 1000 in 2009. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: Clothing and Footwear data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United Kingdom – Table UK.I012: Retail Price Index: Weights.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: Household Services: Domestic Services data was reported at 13.000 Per 1000 in 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 15.000 Per 1000 for 2017. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: Household Services: Domestic Services data is updated yearly, averaging 9.000 Per 1000 from Dec 1974 (Median) to 2018, with 45 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 15.000 Per 1000 in 2017 and a record low of 4.000 Per 1000 in 1981. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Weights: Household Services: Domestic Services data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I012: Retail Price Index: Weights.

Consumer Price Index CPI in the United Kingdom increased to 139.80 points in October from 139.30 points in September of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United Kingdom Consumer Price Index (CPI) - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Tobacco: Cigarettes data was reported at 767.400 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 765.900 13Jan1987=100 for May 2018. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Tobacco: Cigarettes data is updated monthly, averaging 303.000 13Jan1987=100 from Jan 1987 (Median) to Jun 2018, with 378 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 767.400 13Jan1987=100 in Jun 2018 and a record low of 99.700 13Jan1987=100 in Aug 1987. United Kingdom Retail Price Index: Tobacco: Cigarettes data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Office for National Statistics. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.I011: Retail Price Index.