Globally, over many years, one of the top drugs for the treatment of HIV/AIDS is Genvoya, marketed by Gilead. In 2024, Genvoya still generated around *** billion U.S. dollars in revenue. Biktarvy, also marketed by Gilead, was the best-selling HIV/AIDS treatment and generated around **** billion U.S. dollars in revenue. Gilead is the drug manufacturer most specialized in developing drugs for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS cases worldwide HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system, leading to an increased risk of infections and can lead to death. HIV/AIDS first appeared in global populations in the 1980s. According to current estimates, the prevalence of HIV is highest in low and middle income countries. Eswatini, followed by Lesotho, had the highest rates of HIV infections in 2023. The number of new HIV infections by world region is highest among residents of Eastern and Southern Africa. Access to HIV/AIDS treatment Effective treatment for HIV was not available until the early 1990s. Access to therapy has increased since the early 2000s, and as of 2022 there were approximately ** million people that had access to antiretroviral therapy. Among countries around the world, Uganda, India and Kenya, to name a few, have the lowest rates of access to antiretroviral medications for the treatment of HIV/AIDS.

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HIV Drugs Market Size 2024-2028

The hiv drugs market size is forecast to increase by USD 9.99 billion at a CAGR of 5.02% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to several key factors. The increasing prevalence of HIV AIDS worldwide continues to drive market expansion. According to the World Health Organization, there were approximately 38 million people living with HIV in 2019. Moreover, expanding access to HIV treatment is another major growth factor. With advancements in HIV treatment, more individuals are able to access life-saving medications. However, drug resistance among individuals poses a significant challenge to the market. As HIV strains become resistant to current treatments, the development of new and effective drugs is crucial. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of these trends and challenges, offering insights into the future growth prospects of the market.

What will be the Size of the HIV Drugs Market During the Forecast Period?

Request Free SampleThe market encompasses a range of pharmaceutical products designed to manage and suppress the viral infection caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This market has experienced significant growth due to the increasing prevalence of HIV and the ongoing development of new, more effective medications. Notable classes of HIV drugs include those containing CD4 modulators, such as Atripla, Complera, Prezcobix, Stribild, Genvoya, Odefsey, Symtuza, Triumeq, Descovy, Dovato, Emtriva, Epivir, and Epzicom. New product launches continue to drive market expansion, with companies investing in research and development to improve treatment outcomes and patient compliance. The healthcare products industry plays a crucial role In the import and export of HIV medications, ensuring access to these essential treatments for patients worldwide.HIV testing procedures remain a critical aspect of disease management and prevention efforts, further fueling demand for HIV medications withIn the market.

How is this HIV Drugs Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The hiv drugs industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments. Distribution ChannelOfflineOnlineTherapyCombination HIV medicinesIntegrase inhibitorsNon-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitorsOthersGeographyNorth AmericaCanadaUSEuropeGermanyUKAsiaChinaRest of World (ROW)

By Distribution Channel Insights

The offline segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Offline distribution channels, including pharmacies, drugstores, hospitals, and clinics, remain a significant segment In the market. Pharmacies and drugstores serve as crucial points of sale for HIV medications, particularly antiretroviral therapy (ART), which is essential for managing HIV/AIDS. The offline distribution segment caters to various patient populations, including those in regions with limited internet access or who prefer face-to-face interactions with healthcare professionals. Key HIV drugs, such as Atripla, Complera, Prezcobix, Stribild, Genvoya, Odefsey, Symtuza, Triumeq, Descovy, Dovato, Emtriva, Epivir, Epzicom, Truvada, Biktavir, Edurant, Aptivus, Kaletra, Lexiva, Norvir, Viracept, Selzentry, Fuzeon, Rukobia, Isentress, Tivicay, Apretude, and Juluca, are distributed offline through these channels.The offline distribution segment's growth is influenced by factors like the prevalence of HIV, testing procedures, and the availability of various HIV medications. Import and export regulations, as well as the increasing demand for healthcare products, further impact this market.

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The Offline segment was valued at USD 25.82 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

North America is estimated to contribute 49% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.

Technavio’s analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

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The North American the market has experienced substantial growth due to advancements in medical research, enhanced healthcare infrastructure, and heightened awareness about HIV/AIDS. With a significant patient population and established healthcare systems In the United States, Canada, and Mexico, North America is a leading market for HIV drugs. Key trends include the development of combination HIV medicines, such as Atripla, Complera, Prezcobix, Stribild, Genvoya, Odefsey, Symtuza, Triumeq, Descovy, Dovato, Emtriva, Epivir, Epzicom, Truvada

The Prophylactic HIV Drugs Market will expand to reach USD 54.7 billion during 2035 from USD 35.2 billion in 2025 due to an anticipated 4.5% CAGR throughout the forecast period.

Metric	Value
Market Size (2025E)	USD 35.2 Billion
Market Value (2035F)	USD 54.7 Billion
CAGR (2025 to 2035)	4.5%

Country-wise Insights

Country	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
United States	4.7%

Country	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
United Kingdom	4.2%

Country	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
European Union	4.5%

Country	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
Japan	4.3%

Country	CAGR (2025 to 2035)
South Korea	4.4%

Prophylactic HIV Drugs- Segmentation Outlook

Drug Class	Market Share
Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTI)	63.5%

Distribution Channel	Market Share
Hospital Pharmacies	45.8%

Competitive Outlook

Company Name	Estimated Market Share (%)
Gilead Sciences	35-40%
ViiV Healthcare	25-30%
Merck & Co., Inc.	15-20%
Johnson & Johnson	5-10%
Other Companies (combined)	10-15%

The Prophylactic HIV Drugs Market Report is Segmented by Drug (Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, Tenofovir Alafenamide, Emtricitabine, and More), Dosage Form (Oral Pill, Long-Acting Injectable, and More), Distribution Channel (Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies, and More), and Geography (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East & Africa, South America). The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

• The global industry was valued at US$ 28.6 Bn in 2023
• It is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.7% from 2024 to 2034 and reach US$ 47.5 Bn by the end of 2034

HIV Drugs Market Overview

Attribute	Detail
Market Drivers	Growing Prevalence of HIV Infections Growing Emphasis on R&D related to HIV Drugs

Regional Analysis

Attribute	Detail
Leading Region	North America

Global HIV Drugs Market Snapshot

Attribute	Detail
Market Size in 2023	US$ 28.6 Bn
Market Forecast (Value) in 2034	US$ 47.5 Bn
Growth Rate (CAGR)	4.7%
Forecast Period	2024-2034
Historical Data Available for	2020-2022
Quantitative Units	US$ Bn for Value
Market Analysis	It includes segment analysis as well as regional level analysis. Moreover, qualitative analysis includes drivers, restraints, opportunities, key trends, Porter’s Five Forces analysis, value chain analysis, and key trend analysis.
Competition Landscape	Market share analysis by company (2023) Company profiles section includes overview, product portfolio, sales footprint, key subsidiaries or distributors, strategy & recent developments, and key financials
Format	Electronic (PDF) + Excel
Market Segmentation	Drug Type Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) Protease Inhibitors (PIs) Fusion Inhibitors (FIs) C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 5 (CCR5) Integrase Inhibitors Attachment Inhibitors Post Attachment Inhibitors Pharmacokinetic Enhancers Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Others (Combination HIV Medications, etc.) Distribution Channel Hospital Pharmacies Retail Pharmacies Online Pharmacies
Regions Covered	North America Europe Asia Pacific Latin America Middle East & Africa
Countries Covered	U.S. Canada Germany U.K. France Italy Spain China India Japan Australia & New Zealand Brazil Mexico South Africa GCC
Companies Profiled	Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH Johnson & Johnson F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. Gilead Sciences, Inc. GSK plc AbbVie Inc. Cipla Limited Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Merck & Co., Inc.
Customization Scope	Available Upon Request
Pricing	Available Upon Request

The North America HIV drugs market size was valued at USD 23.84 Billion in 2024. Looking forward, IMARC Group estimates the market to reach USD 36.91 Billion by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of 4.78% from 2025-2033. The market is fueled by rising HIV prevalence, advancements in antiretroviral therapies, and the demand for innovative treatments, particularly focusing on multi-class combinations, drug resistance, and personalized medicine.

Report Attribute	Key Statistics
Base Year	2024
Forecast Years	2025-2033
Historical Years	2019-2024
Market Size in 2024	USD 23.84 Billion
Market Forecast in 2033	USD 36.91 Billion
Market Growth Rate (2025-2033)	4.78%

IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each segment of the North America HIV drugs market, along with forecasts at the country and regional levels from 2025-2033. The market has been categorized based on drug class and distribution channel.

The Africa HIV Drugs Market is projected to expand steadily at a rate of approximately 8.20% CAGR from 2024 to 2030. By Drug Class, By Distribution Channel

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Africa HIV Treatment Drugs Market Size 2024-2028

The Africa HIV treatment drugs market size is forecast to increase by USD 280.2 million at a CAGR of 3.2% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to several key factors. The rising prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and the increasing awareness efforts by various organizations are major drivers of market expansion. The market is experiencing significant growth, with the increasing availability of generic drugs making treatment more accessible, while travel and global mobility further drive demand for portable and affordable treatment options. However, challenges persist, including the lack of HIV diagnosis and limited access to modern medication. These issues, while daunting, present opportunities for innovation and collaboration among stakeholders to improve HIV treatment and care in Africa. The market is expected to continue growing as efforts to address these challenges intensify and access to treatment becomes more widespread.

What will be the size of the Africa HIV Treatment Drugs Market during the forecast period?

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The market represents a significant and growing sector within the global healthcare industry. Factors contributing to the HIV infection rates include biological, social, behavioral, cultural, economic, and structural factors. Despite these challenges, there is a rising investment in HIV treatment in Africa, driven by both public and private sectors. Pricing remains a critical factor In the market, with affordability being a key consideration for companies and patients alike. Competition among companies is intense, with companies offering various promotional strategies to gain market share.
Research reports suggest that the use of telemedicine and mobile health technologies, including mobile phones, is becoming increasingly prevalent in HIV diagnosis and treatment in Africa. Qualitative and quantitative research conducted by report analysts indicates that HIV transmission can be mitigated through a combination of prevention efforts, early diagnosis, and effective treatment. company selection is a crucial aspect of the market, with buyers prioritizing factors such as drug efficacy, safety, and affordability. Overall, the market is expected to continue growing, driven by the increasing number of HIV cases and the ongoing efforts and healthcare services to improve access to treatment and care.

How is this market segmented and which is the largest segment?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Drug Class

  Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
  Protease inhibitors
  Integrase inhibitors
  Fusion inhibitors
  Coreceptor antagonists


Route Of Administration

  Oral drugs
  Injectable drugs


Geography

  Africa

    South Africa
    Nigeria
    Kenya

By Drug Class Insights

The reverse transcriptase inhibitors segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs), a crucial class of antiretroviral drugs, are used for managing HIV infection. Classified into nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), these drugs inhibit the reverse transcriptase enzyme, preventing HIV replication. NRTIs, such as tenofovir and zidovudine, and NNRTIs, including efavirenz and nevirapine, dominate the market due to their widespread availability and use in antiretroviral therapy. Factors like a growing number of HIV cases, increasing R&D activities, and high consumption of NNRTIs among children and adults contribute to the market's growth. However, challenges like drug resistance, toxicity, and daily administration hinder market expansion.

Some other antiviral drugs used in combination therapy include abacavir, lamivudine, and cabotegravir. The HIV medications market in Africa is expected to experience significant growth due to the high prevalence of HIV and STDs, rising awareness, investments in healthcare, and emerging opportunities in remote and underserved areas. The market's success relies on factors like healthcare infrastructure, treatment coverage, and innovative treatment strategies. Telemedicine, mobile health, and internet connectivity play a vital role in addressing geographical distance, transportation costs, and healthcare workforce shortages.

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The reverse transcriptase inhibitors segment was valued at USD 698.70 million in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Market Dynamics

Our researchers analyzed the data with 2023 as the base year, along with the key drivers, tren

The HIV drug market size attained a value of USD 33.54 Billion in 2024. The market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 4.50% during the forecast period of 2025-2034 to attain a value of USD 52.09 Billion by 2034.

The HIV Drugs Market is segmented based on type and end-user. By type, the market is segmented into nucleoside, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, fusion inhibitors, and CCR5 antagonists. By end-user, the market is segmented into hospitals & clinics and specialty centers. Recent developments include: July 2021:To make darunavir paired with ritonavir (DRV/r) as a second-line medication for HIV patients living in low and medium-income countries, Unitaid and Clinton Health Access Initiative, Inc. (CHAI) announced a pricing agreement with pharmaceutical company Hetero Labs LTD. The price of the deal is US$ 210 per patient/year., March 2021:An agreement for collaboration to co-develop and co-commercialize long-acting HIV medication was made public by Gilead Sciences Inc. and Merck. To create a two-drug HIV treatment regimen, the firms want to combine lenacapavir, an experimental capsid inhibitor from Gilead, with islatravir, an investigational nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor from Merck.. Notable trends are: Growing prevalence of HIV/AIDS is driving the market growth.

The size of the Hiv Drugs market was valued at USD XXX billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD XXX billion by 2033, with an expected CAGR of 5.02% during the forecast period.HIV drugs are those drugs used in the treatment and management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. They act by inhibiting the replication of the virus, thus slowing its progression and preventing the spread of the disease. The HIV drugs market comprises a vast number of antiretroviral drugs, such as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors (PIs), integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), and entry inhibitors. These are used in combination regimens for maximum effect and also to reduce the risk of drug resistance.

The global HIV drugs market size is forecasted to grow with a CAGR of 5.7% between 2024 and 2031, reaching a valuation of USD 52,504.67 million by 2031 from USD 33,807.33 million in 2023.

The Hiv/Aids Drugs Market size was valued at USD 28.79 USD Billion in 2023 and is projected to reach USD 110.60 USD Billion by 2032, exhibiting a CAGR of 21.2 % during the forecast period. HIV/AIDS drugs, known as antiretroviral therapies (ART), are critical in managing and controlling the virus in infected individuals. ART is the use of drugs in combination, which targets the HIV replication in various stages to make its load undetectable and halt its progression to AIDS. HIV medications can be divided into several classes which include NRTIs, NNRTIs, PIs, INSTIs as well as entry inhibitors. Newer trends being adopted in the treatment of HIV disease have been characterized by the combination of two or more drugs in one tablet for compliance and administration of treatment regimens. There are other options of treatment that are newer and that include long-acting injectables and basic combination of two drugs. The existence of HIV/AIDS has impacted the overall health status of the world by increasing the number of people with access to HIV/AIDS drugs and thus reducing the mortality rate among many people. However, there are some challenges that have been associated with their access globally especially in the LICs include, problems of accessibility, issues of drug resistance, and side effects. Key drivers for this market are: Increasing Public Awareness for Safer Medicines to Stimulate Market Value. Potential restraints include: Lack of Access to Treatment and Unawareness of HIV Infection Status May Hinder Growth. Notable trends are: Manufacturers focusing on the Development of Mitral Valve Product will drive the Market .

The global market for HIV drugs is a dynamic and significant sector within the pharmaceutical industry. While precise figures for market size and CAGR are unavailable in the provided data, industry analysis suggests a substantial market value, likely in the tens of billions of dollars, experiencing steady growth. This growth is driven by several key factors: the increasing prevalence of HIV globally, especially in underserved populations; the continued development of novel drug therapies, including long-acting injectables and combination regimens simplifying treatment; and expanding access to medication through global health initiatives and improved healthcare infrastructure in developing countries. Significant advancements in treatment have also extended the lifespan and improved the quality of life for individuals with HIV, further fueling market growth. However, challenges remain, including the development of drug resistance, the high cost of medication limiting accessibility in many regions, and the continued need for effective prevention strategies. The competitive landscape is dominated by major pharmaceutical companies such as ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, and others. These companies are actively engaged in research and development to improve existing therapies, develop novel treatments, and expand their global reach. The market is characterized by ongoing innovation in drug delivery methods, combination therapies, and personalized medicine approaches. Future growth will depend on factors such as continued investment in research, effective public health policies promoting access to treatment, and successful prevention programs that reduce new infections. The market is segmented by drug type, administration route, and geographic region, with North America and Europe currently holding a larger market share due to higher per capita healthcare expenditure and robust healthcare infrastructure. However, growth in emerging markets is expected to accelerate in the coming years, driven by increasing awareness and expanding access to healthcare.

HIV Drugs Market Size is expected to reach US$ 53.5 billion by 2034 from US$ 34.8 billion in 2024, growing at a CAGR of 4.4% (2025-2034).

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global HIV drugs market size will be USD 35425.2 million in 2024. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.80% from 2024 to 2031.

North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 14170.08 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.0% from 2024 to 2031.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 10627.56 million.
Asia Pacific held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 8147.80 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.8% from 2024 to 2031.
Latin America had a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 1771.26 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.2% from 2024 to 2031.
Middle East and Africa had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 708.50 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5% from 2024 to 2031.
The multi-class combination drugs held the highest HIV drugs market revenue share in 2024.

Market Dynamics of HIV drugs Market

Key Drivers for HIV drugs Market

Rising number of HIV-positive individuals to Increase the Demand Globally

The HIV drugs market has experienced growth due to rising number of HIV-positive individuals. As global HIV prevalence increases due to factors like higher transmission rates and improved diagnostic capabilities, demand for effective antiretroviral therapies (ART) surges. This growing patient base necessitates the continuous development and supply of innovative drugs to manage HIV effectively, reduce viral loads, and improve quality of life. Increased awareness and testing also contribute to higher diagnosed cases, further expanding the market for HIV treatments and driving pharmaceutical companies to invest in research and development.

Innovations in HIV diagnostic tools to Propel Market Growth

The HIV drugs market has witnessed steady growth, driven by innovations in HIV diagnostic tools. Advances include rapid, point-of-care tests that deliver results within minutes, improving patient access and reducing diagnostic delays. Integrated technologies, such as multiplex assays, detect multiple markers simultaneously, increasing diagnostic accuracy. Additionally, digital platforms for data management streamline monitoring and personalized treatment plans. These innovations not only improve patient outcomes but also stimulate demand for more effective HIV treatments and management solutions, fostering market growth.

Restraint Factor for the HIV drugs Market

High cost of HIV treatment to Limit the Sales

The high costs of HIV medications constrain the growth of HIV drugs market. It involves expensive medications that can be unaffordable for many patients, especially in low-income regions. The costs are compounded by the need for lifelong treatment, regular monitoring, and potential side effects management, which further burdens healthcare systems and patients. This financial barrier limits access to effective treatment, leading to disparities in care and hindering efforts to control the HIV epidemic globally.

Impact of Covid-19 on the HIV drugs Market

The Covid-19 significantly impacted the market by disrupting supply chains, leading to delays in drug production and distribution, increasing lockdowns and restrictions. Additionally, the focus on COVID-19 diverted resources away from HIV programs, affecting drug availability and patient adherence. However, the pandemic also accelerated the adoption of telemedicine and digital health solutions, which helped maintain patient care continuity. Overall, the pandemic highlighted the need for resilient healthcare systems in managing chronic diseases. Introduction of the HIV drugs Market

HIV drugs are medications used to treat Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. They work by suppressing the virus, preventing its replication, and protecting the immune system. These drugs are typically used in combination as antiretroviral therapy (ART) to reduce viral load, improve patient outcomes, and prevent the progression to AIDS. The rising number of HIV-positive individuals, advancemnets in drug development, increasing government initiatives and funding, increased aw...

Explore the growth potential of Market Research Intellect's Anti-HIV Drugs Market Report, valued at USD 38.75 billion in 2024, with a forecasted market size of USD 55.12 billion by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 4.85% from 2026 to 2033.

Global HIV Drugs market size is expected to reach $42.34 billion by 2029 at 3.8%, segmented as by type, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nrt’s), non- nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (nnrt’s), protease inhibitors

The United States HIV drugs market is estimated to expand at a CAGR of 4.30% in the forecast period of 2025-2034.

The global market for HIV drugs is a dynamic and significant sector within the pharmaceutical industry. While precise figures for market size and CAGR are unavailable from the provided data, based on publicly available information and reports from market research firms, we can estimate a 2025 market size in the range of $25-30 billion USD. This substantial market value reflects the ongoing need for effective HIV treatment, impacting millions globally. The market is driven by several key factors, including the increasing prevalence of HIV, particularly in developing countries, alongside the continuous development of newer, more effective therapies with improved tolerability and reduced side effects. The emergence of long-acting injectable medications and regimens simplifying treatment adherence represent major trends shaping the market landscape. However, challenges such as drug resistance, the high cost of treatment limiting access in many regions, and the need for lifelong medication pose significant restraints to market growth. Major pharmaceutical companies, including ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences, Merck, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, and others, are actively involved in research and development, driving innovation within this vital market. The forecast period (2025-2033) anticipates continued growth, albeit at a potentially moderated CAGR (estimated between 3-5%). Factors influencing the growth rate include pricing pressures, patent expirations for existing drugs, and the introduction of novel therapies. Market segmentation will continue to evolve with the development of targeted treatments based on viral load, genotype, and patient characteristics. Geographical variations are expected, with North America and Europe remaining significant markets, while growth in emerging markets in Asia and Africa will play a crucial role in overall market expansion. Competition among leading players will remain intense, driving innovation and potentially leading to more affordable treatment options. Ultimately, the future trajectory of the HIV drug market hinges on advancements in treatment, expanded access, and sustained global investment in combating the HIV/AIDS epidemic.