Embrace the flourishing Global Home Office Furniture Market, set to grow at a 5.8% CAGR from 2023-30. Driven by remote working trends and the demand for ergonomic and stylish home office furniture products.

Before the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 17 percent of U.S. employees worked from home 5 days or more per week, a share that increased to 44 percent during the pandemic. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the remote working trend, as quarantines and lockdowns made commuting and working in an office close to impossible for millions around the world. Remote work, also called telework or working from home (WFH), provided a solution, with employees performing their roles away from the office supported by specialized technology, eliminating the commute to an office to remain connected with colleagues and clients. What enables working from home?

To enable remote work, employees rely on a remote work arrangements that enable hybrid work and make it safe during the COVID-19 pandemic. Technology supporting remote work including laptops saw a surge in demand, video conferencing companies such as Zoom jumped in value, and employers had to consider new communication techniques and resources. Is remote work the future of work?

The response to COVID-19 has demonstrated that hybrid work models are not necessarily an impediment to productivity. For this reason, there is a general consensus that different remote work models will persist post-COVID-19. Many employers see benefits to flexible working arrangements, including positive results on employee wellness surveys, and potentially reducing office space. Many employees also plan on working from home more often, with 25 percent of respondents to a recent survey expecting remote work as a benefit of employment. As a result, it is of utmost importance to acknowledge any issues that may arise in this context to empower a hybrid workforce and ensure a smooth transition to more flexible work models.

The global home office spending market size is set to reach US$ 29,388.12 million in 2023 and is further predicted to expand at a remarkable CAGR of 17% to close on a valuation of US$ 141,263.65 million by the end of 2033.

Attributes	Value
Home Office Spending Market Value (2018)	US$ 15,677.46 million
Home Office Spending Market Value (2022)	US$ 25,705.34 million
Home Office Spending Market Expected Value (2023)	US$ 29,388.12 million
Home Office Spending Market Forecast Value (2033)	US$ 141,263.65 million
Home Office Spending Market Expected CAGR (2023 to 2033)	17%

Country-wise Insights

Region	North America
Country	United States
Expected CAGR (2023 to 2033)	11.9%

Region	Europe
Country	Germany
Expected CAGR (2023 to 2033)	13.35%

Region	Asia Pacific
Country	China
Expected CAGR (2023 to 2033)	16.38%

Region	Asia Pacific
Country	Japan
Expected CAGR (2023 to 2033)	19.59%

Region	Asia Pacific
Country	South Korea
Expected CAGR (2023 to 2033)	22.77%

Segmentation Insights

Segment	Deployment
Attributes	Cloud
CAGR % 2017 to 2022	11.58%
CAGR % 2023 to End of Forecast (2033)	14%

Segment	Application
Attributes	Business Productivity
CAGR % 2017 to 2022	12.7%
CAGR % 2023 to End of Forecast (2033)	15.10%

Experimental estimates from the Annual Population Survey for homeworking in the UK, including breakdowns by sex, full-time or part-time, ethnicity, occupation, industry, qualifications, hours worked, pay and sickness absence among others. Includes regression outputs on the different outcomes for homeworkers.

In 2022, around 21 percent of respondents stated that their biggest struggle when working remotely was staying at home too often because there they don't have reason to leave. Moreover many people who work from home do not necessarily have a designated workspace, they experience a conflation between their living area and workplace. Most notably, around 15 percent of respondents reported loneliness as their biggest struggle with working remotely.

As a result, remotely working employees emphasize the importance of finding strategies to balance their private lives with their professional routines. On the other hand, employees also state having less difficulties with collaboration and communication in 2021. This is likely due to the quick cultivation of skills during the 2020 pandemic that allow them to effectively communicate and collaborate with others when working from different locations.

Challenges inherent in new work set-ups
As employees work from different locations, companies are confronted with the urgency to ease some of the challenges inherent in novel hybrid work solutions. Strategies developed to support remote work include training for employees or expanding information technology infrastructure to ensure that employees can collaborate efficiently from different locations.

The future of work
Certainly, it is important to take the challenges experienced by employees seriously as the current telework trend is likely to continue and become a common way of working in the future. Addressing challenges head-on in the present will ensure better working conditions in the future.

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Computer Desk market size will be USD 4524.5 million in 2024. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.50% from 2024 to 2031.

North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 1809.80 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.7% from 2024 to 2031.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 1357.35 million.
Asia Pacific held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 1040.64 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.5% from 2024 to 2031.
Latin America had a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 226.23 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.9% from 2024 to 2031.
Middle East and Africa had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 90.49 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.2% from 2024 to 2031.
The wood category is the fastest growing segment of the Computer Desk industry

Market Dynamics of Computer Desk Market

Key Drivers for Computer Desk Market

The Need for Home Office Furniture is Being Driven by an Increase in Remote and Hybrid Work Arrangements to Boost Market Growth

The market for computer desks is expanding due in large part to the expansion of remote and hybrid work patterns. Home office settings have become more and more popular as more people and businesses adopt flexible work schedules. More and more workers and independent contractors are spending money on practical and ergonomic desks to set up efficient work areas at home. This change has increased demand for computer workstations that are comfortable, functional, and aesthetically pleasing, which is in line with consumers' increasing inclination for extended periods spent working from home. Desks are also being purchased by companies that support remote workers in order to guarantee worker productivity and well-being. The continued trend of hybrid work, which combines work from home and the office, is driving market growth, especially for desk designs that are multipurpose and compact.

Growing Adoption of E-learning to Drive Market Growth

The market for computer desks is expanding due in large part to the increasing use of e-learning. In order to support efficient learning, professionals, educators, and students alike require specialized workspaces at home as online learning becomes more popular. The need for computer desks has increased as a result, especially for ones that are ergonomic, space-efficient, and conducive to extended study sessions. As more educational institutions adopt digital learning platforms, both adults and children need desks that can hold their gadgets, supplies, and accessories. As access to digital education grows, the e-learning trend is particularly noticeable in urban areas and emerging nations. The need for flexible and comfortable computer workstations is only expected to increase as long as this trend persists.

Restraint Factor for the Computer Desk Market

High Competition from Alternative Furniture Will Limit Market Growth

A significant obstacle impeding the growth of the computer desk industry is the intense competition from alternative furniture solutions. Foldable tables, wall-mounted desks, and standing desks are examples of multipurpose or space-saving furniture that many consumers are choosing because they can be used for reasons other than simply computers. People seeking adaptable solutions, especially for minimalist or small-space living arrangements, will find these possibilities appealing. Additionally, some customers might work with ordinary tables or other furnishings rather than specialized computer workstations. The rivalry gets more fierce as modular furniture that can be adjusted to meet different demands becomes more and more popular. Traditional computer desks are not as popular as they once were, especially in areas where consumers are price-sensitive or space-constrained.

Impact of Covid-19 on the Computer Desk Market

The COVID-19 epidemic had a major effect on the market for computer desks, causing demand to spike. Millions were compelled to work and study from home due to lockdowns and social distanci...

Office Stationery Supplies Market size was valued at USD 151.66 Billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 183.2 Billion by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 2.39% from 2024 to 2031.

Global Office Stationery Supplies Market Drivers

The market drivers for the Office Stationery Supplies Market can be influenced by various factors. These may include:

Expanding Office Spaces: Office stationery supplies are always needed to support daily operations as firms grow and new ones start up. Pens, pencils, paper, notebooks, staplers, and other office supplies that are necessary for administrative work are included in this.

Growing Number of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses (SMEs): SMEs make up a sizable share of the world’s commercial environment. The number of entrepreneurs and startups has increased demand for office stationery supplies as these companies set up shop and need basic office supplies to run smoothly.

Demand from the Education Sector: Office stationery products are heavily used by colleges, universities, and schools. Notebooks, pens, pencils, erasers, rulers, and other stationery materials are always needed for students and educational institutions due to the increased emphasis on literacy and education around the world.

Remote Work and Home Offices: The COVID-19 epidemic and technology improvements have fueled the trend toward remote work and home offices, which has raised demand for office supplies for these types of workspaces. Basic stationery supplies are necessary for remote workers to set up their home offices and stay productive.

Corporate Branding and Customization: As a component of their marketing and branding plans, a lot of companies spend money on branded stationery. This increases demand for personalized stationery products by showcasing company logos and branding messages on pens, notepads, notebooks, and other stationery items.

E-commerce Growth: Consumers and businesses may now more easily acquire a variety of office stationery items thanks to the widespread use of e-commerce platforms. The office stationery business is growing overall because online retail channels provide doorstep delivery alternatives, competitive pricing, and a wide assortment of products.

Product Design and Functionality Innovation: Manufacturers are always coming up with new and better stationery goods with better features, looks, and functions. This includes digital stationery goods made for contemporary work environments, ergonomic office accessory designs, and environmentally responsible and sustainable stationery options.

Government and Institutional Procurement: To meet their administrative demands, government agencies, public institutions, and big businesses frequently purchase office supplies in bulk. The market for stationery products is driven by government contracts and institutional procurement initiatives, especially when those vendors and suppliers are approved.
Office stationery goods are frequently utilized by businesses as corporate gifts and promotional items to strengthen customer connections and increase brand recognition. The market as a whole grows as a result of the demand for promotional stationery products, which is particularly high during trade exhibitions, conferences, and corporate events.
By stimulating innovation, growing distribution channels, and satisfying the changing needs of both consumers and businesses, these market drivers work together to support the growth and sustainability of the office stationery supplies industry.

In February 2025, approximately 14 percent of workers in Great Britain worked from home exclusively, with a further 26 percent working from home and travelling to work, while 37 percent only travelled to work. During this time period, the share of people only travelling to work was highest in March 2022, at 60 percent of respondents, with the peak for only working from home occurring in June 2020. In general, hybrid working has become steadily more popular than fully remote working, with the highest share of people hybrid working in November 2023, when 31 percent of people advising they were hybrid working. What type of workers are most likely to work from home? In 2020, over half of people working in the agriculture sector mainly worked from home, which was the highest share among UK industry sectors at that time. While this industry was one of the most accessible for mainly working at home, just six percent of workers in the accommodation and food services sector mainly did this, the lowest of any sector. In the same year, men were slightly more likely to mainly work from home than women, while the most common age group for mainly working from home was those aged 75 and over, at 45.4 percent. Over a long-term period, the share of people primarily home working has grown from 11.1 percent in 1998, to approximately 17.4 percent in 2020. Growth of Flexible working in the UK According to a survey conducted in 2023, working from home either on a regular, or ad-hoc basis was the most common type of flexible working arrangement offered by organizations in the UK, at 62 percent of respondents. Other popular flexible working arrangements include the ability to work flexible hours, work part-time, or take career breaks. Since 2013, for example, the number of employees in the UK that can work flextime has increased from 3.2 million, to around 4.2 million by 2024. When asked why flexible work was important to them, most UK workers said that it supported a better work-life balance, with 41 percent expressing that it made their commute to work more manageable.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.

The Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) asks a sole adult in a random sample of households about their, or their household's, experience of crime victimisation in the previous 12 months. These are recorded in the victim form data file (VF). A wide range of questions are then asked, covering demographics and crime-related subjects such as attitudes to the police and the criminal justice system (CJS). These variables are contained within the non-victim form (NVF) data file. In 2009, the survey was extended to children aged 10-15 years old; one resident of that age range was also selected from the household and asked about their experience of crime and other related topics. The first set of children's data covered January-December 2009 and is held separately under SN 6601. From 2009-2010, the children's data cover the same period as the adult data and are included with the main study.

The Telephone-operated Crime Survey for England and Wales (TCSEW) became operational on 20 May 2020. It was a replacement for the face-to-face CSEW, which was suspended on 17 March 2020 because of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. It was set up with the intention of measuring the level of crime during the pandemic. As the pandemic continued throughout the 2020/21 survey year, questions have been raised as to whether the year ending March 2021 TCSEW is comparable with estimates produced in earlier years by the face-to-face CSEW. The ONS Comparability between the Telephone-operated Crime Survey for England and Wales and the face-to-face Crime Survey for England and Wales report explores those factors that may have a bearing on the comparability of estimates between the TCSEW and the former CSEW. These include survey design, sample design, questionnaire changes and modal changes.

More general information about the CSEW may be found on the ONS Crime Survey for England and Wales web page and for the previous BCS, from the GOV.UK BCS Methodology web page.

History - the British Crime Survey

The CSEW was formerly known as the British Crime Survey (BCS), and has been in existence since 1981. The 1982 and 1988 BCS waves were also conducted in Scotland (data held separately under SNs 4368 and 4599). Since 1993, separate Scottish Crime and Justice Surveys have been conducted. Up to 2001, the BCS was conducted biennially. From April 2001, the Office for National Statistics took over the survey and it became the CSEW. Interviewing was then carried out continually and reported on in financial year cycles. The crime reference period was altered to accommodate this.

Secure Access CSEW data
In addition to the main survey, a series of questions covering drinking behaviour, drug use, self-offending, gangs and personal security, and intimate personal violence (IPV) (including stalking and sexual victimisation) are asked of adults via a laptop-based self-completion module (questions may vary over the years). Children aged 10-15 years also complete a separate self-completion questionnaire. The questionnaires are included in the main documentation, but the data are only available under Secure Access conditions (see SN 7280), not with the main study. In addition, from 2011 onwards, lower-level geographic variables are also available under Secure Access conditions (see SN 7311).

New methodology for capping the number of incidents from 2017-18
The CSEW datasets available from 2017-18 onwards are based on a new methodology of capping the number of incidents at the 98th percentile. Incidence variables names have remained consistent with previously supplied data but due to the fact they are based on the new 98th percentile cap, and old datasets are not, comparability has been lost with years prior to 2012-2013. More information can be found in the 2017-18 User Guide (see SN 8464) and the article ‘Improving victimisation estimates derived from the Crime Survey for England and Wales’.

CSEW Historic back series – dataset update (March 2022)

From January 2019, all releases of crime statistics using CSEW data adopted a new methodology for measuring repeat victimisation (moving from a cap of 5 in the number of repeat incidents to tracking the 98th percentile value for major crime types).

To maintain a consistent approach across historic data, all datasets back to 2001 have been revised to the new methodology. The change affects all incident data and related fields. A “bolt-on” version of the data has been created for the 2001/02 to 2011/12 datasets. This “bolt-on” dataset contains only variables previously supplied impacted by the change in methodology. These datasets can be merged onto the existing BCS NVF and VF datasets. A template ‘merge’ SPSS syntax file is provided, which will need to be adapted for other software formats.

For the sixth edition...

According to Cognitive Market Research, the global Virtual Office Market size will be USD 16255.5 million in 2024. It will expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 14.20% from 2024 to 2031.

North America held the major market share for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 6502.20 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.4% from 2024 to 2031.
Europe accounted for a market share of over 30% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 4876.65 million.
Asia Pacific held a market share of around 23% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 3738.77 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.2% from 2024 to 2031.
Latin America had a market share of more than 5% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 812.78 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.6% from 2024 to 2031.
Middle East and Africa had a market share of around 2% of the global revenue and was estimated at a market size of USD 325.11 million in 2024 and will grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.9% from 2024 to 2031.
The cloud based category is the fastest growing segment of the Virtual Office industry

Market Dynamics of Virtual Office Market

Key Drivers for Virtual Office Market

Increasing Demand from Companies in the IT Sector to Boost Market Growth

The nature of IT tech organizations' operations, which are frequently typified by agile project teams and remote collaboration, accounts for the rapidly growing demand for virtual offices. For IT workers who require a flexible and collaborative environment, virtual offices offer the perfect option. With the help of virtual meeting rooms and professional mailing addresses, these companies may set up a virtual presence that enables their personnel to collaborate easily from different places. This adaptability fits the changing needs of tech and IT businesses, which usually work on projects. IT industry companies can save money by switching to virtual offices instead of regular office spaces. With the demand for skilled IT professionals transcending geographical boundaries, companies can leverage virtual offices to establish a global presence without the overhead costs of physical office spaces.

Growing Number of Workers Want to Work From Home to Drive Market Growth

A change in work-life choices is the primary cause of employees' growing desire for remote work. A flexible work environment that facilitates a better balance between personal and professional life is highly valued by modern professionals. This need is satisfied by working remotely through virtual offices, which give staff members the freedom to select where they work. The virtual office market adapts to the changing needs of employees who want a remote work arrangement that fits with their lifestyle choices as work-life integration becomes more and more important. Technological developments and increased connection are major factors driving the need for virtual offices. Smooth remote work experiences are made possible by communication tools, collaborative platforms, and high-speed internet.

Restraint Factor for the Virtual Office Market

Growing concern about data security, will Limit Market Growth

One major obstacle to the virtual office sector is growing concerns about data security. Businesses are more vulnerable to data breaches and cyberattacks as they depend more on digital tools and cloud-based services. Businesses struggle to protect confidential data, which makes them reluctant to adopt virtual office solutions completely. The environment becomes much more complex when firms have to comply with legislation like GDPR and HIPAA, which impose strict data protection standards. As a result, service providers need to spend money on strong security measures and teach customers best habits. Businesses may prioritize data security above adopting virtual office models, which could impede their acceptance.

Impact of Covid-19 on the Virtual Office Market

The COVID-19 epidemic caused a major shift in the virtual office industry and an increase in demand as more companies moved to remote work. Businesses looked for adaptable, affordable ways to continue operating without typical overheads. This change hastened the adoption of technology by improving the tools necessary for distant teams to collaborate and communicate. As remote wor...

In 2022, one third of respondents considered organizing team buildings to be the main HR and company culture challenge with hybrid work set-ups worldwide. Additionally, 12 percent of respondents also found hiring and onboarding procedures to be a challenge when having a hybrid work environment.

The Children’s People and Nature Survey (C-PaNS) provides information on how children and young people experience and think about the natural environment. Each year, the survey samples around 4,000 children and young people aged 8 -15 years across two survey waves, one in term time and one in holiday time.

Waves 5 and 6 of the C-PaNS ran between the 16 and 23 August 2023 (during the school holidays) and 18 and 26 September 2023 (during term-time). Wave 7 and 8 ran between the 14 and 25 August 2024 (during the school holidays) and the 16 September and 2 October 2024 (during the term-time). These data are alongside data from earlier waves already published.

Different versions of the C-PaNS are available from the UK Data Archive under Open Access (SN 9174) conditions, End User Licence (SN 9175), and Secure Access (SN 9176).

The Secure Access version includes the same data as the End User Licence version, but includes more detailed variables including:

• age as a continuous variable
• income (all categories)
• number of people living in household as a continuous variable
• ethnicity
• disability
• home geography variables, including local authority district and urban/rural area
• open answers for thematic analysis in CS_Q14 and CS_Q15

The Open Access version includes the same data as the End User Licence version, but does not include the following variables:

• age band
• number of people living in household (Top coded to ‘6 and over’)
• access to private garden
• income (top coded to £50,000+)
• gender
• places withing walking distance from home

Researchers are advised to review the Open Access and/or the End User Licence versions to determine if these are adequate prior to ordering the Secure Access version.

Accredited official statistics are called National Statistics in the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007. An explanation can be found on the Office for Statistics Regulation website.

Natural England's statistical practice is regulated by the Office for Statistics Regulation (OSR). OSR sets the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the Code of Practice for Statistics that all producers of official statistics should adhere to.

These accredited official statistics were independently reviewed by the Office for Statistics Regulation in January 2023. They comply with the standards of trustworthiness, quality and value in the Code of Practice for Statistics and should be labelled ‘accredited official statistics’.

Users are welcome to contact Natural England directly at people_and_nature@naturalengland.org.uk with any comments about how they meet these standards. Alternatively, users can contact OSR by emailing regulation@statistics.gov.uk or via the OSR website.

Since the latest review by the Office for Statistics Regulation, Natural England have continued to comply with the Code of Practice for Statistics, and have made the following improvements:

1. Published a development plan with timetables for future work, which will be updated annually
2. Ensured that users have opportunities to contribute to development planning through their biannual Research User Group
3. Enabled wider access to the data by publishing raw data sets through the UK Data Service
4. Provided users with guidance on how statistics from their products can be compared with those produced in the devolved nations
5. Published guidance on the differences between PaNS and MENE
6. Improved estimates of the percentage of people visiting nature in the previous 14 days by reducing the amount of respondents answering ‘don’t know’.

These data are available in Excel, SPSS, as well as Open Document Spreadsheet (ODS) formats.

For the second edition (January 2025), data for Wave 7 (during the school holidays in 2024) and Wave 8 (during the term-time in 2024) were added to the study.

In 2021, 73 percent of employees from a global survey want flexible remote work options to stay post-pandemic. As businesses around the world sent their employees into home office and remote work setups during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, both employees and employers have become accustomed to this new work situation. As a result, they appreciate the positive aspects and would like to retain them in the future.

Vacancy rates across the office real estate sector in the U.S. increased during the coronavirus pandemic. Before 2020, the quarterly vacancy rate was around 12 percent, but as the pandemic unfolded, it climbed to above 15 percent. In the fourth quarter of 2023, about 16.9 percent of office space across the country was vacant. In some of the major U.S. markets, vacancies reached up to 30 percent. With a considerable part of the workforce working from home or following a hybrid working model, businesses are cautious when it comes to upscaling or renewing leases. Workplaces may never be the same again The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way that companies operate, and working from home has become the new normal for many U.S. employees. The function of the office has evolved from the primary workplace to a space where employees collaborate, exchange ideas, and socialize. That has shifted occupiers’ attention toward spaces with modern designs that can accommodate the office of the future. Many businesses used the pandemic time to revisit their office guidelines, remodel or do a full or partial fit-out. With so much focus on quality, older buildings with poorer design or energy performance are likely to suffer lower demand, resulting in a two-speed market. What do higher vacancy rates mean for investors? Simply put, if landlords do not have tenants, their income stream is disrupted, and they cannot service their debts. April 2023 data shows that several U.S. metros had a significantly high share of distressed office real estate debt. In Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC, more than one-third of the commercial mortgage-backed securities for offices were delinquent, in special servicing, or a combination of both. Nevertheless, offices had a lower delinquency rate compared to other commercial property types, such as lodging or retail properties.

Data on working patterns and location of work of adults in Great Britain, including costs and benefits of homeworking and future expectations. Survey data from the Opinions and Lifestyle Survey (OPN).

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.BackgroundThe Labour Force Survey (LFS) is a unique source of information using international definitions of employment and unemployment and economic inactivity, together with a wide range of related topics such as occupation, training, hours of work and personal characteristics of household members aged 16 years and over. It is used to inform social, economic and employment policy. The Annual Population Survey, also held at the UK Data Archive, is derived from the LFS.The LFS was first conducted biennially from 1973-1983, then annually between 1984 and 1991, comprising a quarterly survey conducted throughout the year and a 'boost' survey in the spring quarter. From 1992 it moved to a quarterly cycle with a sample size approximately equivalent to that of the previous annual data. Northern Ireland was also included in the survey from December 1994. Further information on the background to the QLFS may be found in the documentation.The UK Data Service also holds a Secure Access version of the QLFS (see below); household datasets; two-quarter and five-quarter longitudinal datasets; LFS datasets compiled for Eurostat; and some additional annual Northern Ireland datasets.LFS DocumentationThe documentation available from the Archive to accompany LFS datasets largely consists of the latest version of each user guide volume alongside the appropriate questionnaire for the year concerned (the latest questionnaire available covers July-September 2022). Volumes are updated periodically, so users are advised to check the latest documents on the ONS Labour Force Survey - User Guidance pages before commencing analysis. This is especially important for users of older QLFS studies, where information and guidance in the user guide documents may have changed over time.LFS response to COVID-19From April 2020 to May 2022, additional non-calendar quarter LFS microdata were made available to cover the pandemic period. The first additional microdata to be released covered February to April 2020 and the final non-calendar dataset covered March-May 2022. Publication then returned to calendar quarters only. Within the additional non-calendar COVID-19 quarters, pseudonymised variables Casenop and Hserialp may contain a significant number of missing cases (set as -9). These variables may not be available in full for the additional COVID-19 datasets until the next standard calendar quarter is produced. The income weight variable, PIWT, is not available in the non-calendar quarters, although the person weight (PWT) is included. Please consult the documentation for full details.Occupation data for 2021 and 2022 data filesThe ONS has identified an issue with the collection of some occupational data in 2021 and 2022 data files in a number of their surveys. While they estimate any impacts will be small overall, this will affect the accuracy of the breakdowns of some detailed (four-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)) occupations, and data derived from them. Further information can be found in the ONS article published on 11 July 2023: Revision of miscoded occupational data in the ONS Labour Force Survey, UK: January 2021 to September 2022.2024 ReweightingIn February 2024, reweighted person-level data from July-September 2022 onwards were released. Up to July-September 2023, only the person weight was updated (PWT23); the income weight remains at 2022 (PIWT22). The 2023 income weight (PIWT23) was included from the October-December 2023 quarter. Users are encouraged to read the ONS methodological note of 5 February, Impact of reweighting on Labour Force Survey key indicators: 2024, which includes important information on the 2024 reweighting exercise.End User Licence and Secure Access QLFS dataTwo versions of the QLFS are available from UKDS. One is available under the standard End User Licence (EUL) agreement, and the other is a Secure Access version. The EUL version includes country and Government Office Region geography, 3-digit Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) and 3-digit industry group for main, second and last job (from July-September 2015, 4-digit industry class is available for main job only).The Secure Access version contains more detailed variables relating to:age: single year of age, year and month of birth, age completed full-time education and age obtained highest qualification, age of oldest dependent child and age of youngest dependent childfamily unit and household: including a number of variables concerning the number of dependent children in the family according to their ages, relationship to head of household and relationship to head of familynationality and country of originfiner detail geography: including county, unitary/local authority, place of work, Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics 2 (NUTS2) and NUTS3 regions, and whether lives and works in same local authority district, and other categories;health: including main health problem, and current and past health problemseducation and apprenticeship: including numbers and subjects of various qualifications and variables concerning apprenticeshipsindustry: including industry, industry class and industry group for main, second and last job, and industry made redundant fromoccupation: including 5-digit industry subclass and 4-digit SOC for main, second and last job and job made redundant fromsystem variables: including week number when interview took place and number of households at addressother additional detailed variables may also be included.The Secure Access datasets (SNs 6727 and 7674) have more restrictive access conditions than those made available under the standard EUL. Prospective users will need to gain ONS Accredited Researcher status, complete an extra application form and demonstrate to the data owners exactly why they need access to the additional variables. Users are strongly advised to first obtain the standard EUL version of the data to see if they are sufficient for their research requirements. Latest edition informationFor the second edition (February 2024), the 2023 person weight (PWT23) was added to the file and PWT22 deleted. The person income weight PIWT22 remains at 2022 levels. See the ONS methodological note of 5 February, Impact of reweighting on Labour Force Survey key indicators: 2024, for further details. Main Topics:The QLFS questionnaire comprises a 'core' of questions which are included in every survey, together with some 'non-core' questions which vary from quarter to quarter.The questionnaire can be split into two main parts. The first part contains questions on the respondent's household, family structure, basic housing information and demographic details of household members. The second part contains questions covering economic activity, education and health, and also may include a few questions asked on behalf of other government departments (for example the Department for Work and Pensions and the Home Office). Until 1997, the questions on health covered mainly problems which affected the respondent's work. From that quarter onwards, the questions cover all health problems. Detailed questions on income have also been included in each quarter since 1993. The basic questionnaire is revised each year, and a new version published, along with a transitional version that details changes from the previous year's questionnaire. Four sampling frames are used. See documentation for details.

The Offending, Crime and Justice Survey (OCJS) (also sometimes known as the Crime and Justice Survey), was the first national longitudinal, self-report offending survey for England and Wales. The series began in 2003, the initial survey representing the first wave in a planned four-year rotating panel study, and ended with the 2006 wave. A longitudinal dataset based on the four years of the study was released in 2009 (held at the Archive under SN 6345).

The OCJS was commissioned by the Home Office, with the overall objective of providing a solid base for measuring the prevalence of offending and drug use in the general population of England and Wales. The survey was developed in response to a significant gap in data on offending in the general population, as opposed to particular groups such as convicted offenders. A specific aim of the series was to monitor trends in offending among young people.

The OCJS series was designed as a 'rotating panel' which means that in each subsequent year, part of the previous year's sample was re-interviewed, and was augmented by a further 'fresh' sample to ensure a cross-sectional representative sample of young people. The aim of this design was to fulfil two objectives: firstly, to provide a solid cross-sectional base from which to monitor year-on-year measures of offending, drug use, and contact with the CJS over the four-year tracking period (2003-2006); and secondly, to provide longitudinal insight into individual behaviour and attitudinal changes over time, and to enable the Home Office to identify temporal links between and within the key survey measures.

The OCJS was managed by a team of researchers in the Home Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate. The Home Office commissioned BMRB Social Research and the National Centre for Social Research (NatCen) to conduct the surveys jointly. Both organisations were involved in developing the surveys and, at each wave, the fieldwork was split between the two agencies.
OCJS 2003:
The OCJS 2003 was the first survey in the series, and was conducted between January and July 2003, with a sample of around 12,000 people aged 10-65 years, living in private households in England and Wales. The survey collected information on the extent and nature of offending behaviour, drug and alcohol use, attitudes to and contact with the criminal justice system and experiences of victimisation. Respondents were asked about offending behaviour in their lifetime, and during the last 12 months.

The main aims of the OCJS 2003 were to provide:

• a measure of the number of offenders in the general household population in England and Wales and the offences they commit, including those who will not have been processed by the criminal justice system
• an estimate of the proportion of offenders and offences that come to the attention of criminal justice agencies
• an estimate of the proportion of offenders who are young people and the proportion of crime they commit
• information on the nature of offences committed, and in particular, offender motivations
• information on patterns of drug use and links to offending
• data to identify risk factors associated with the onset and continuation of offending and drug use, and factors associated with desistance

For the third edition (August 2008), an updated version of the main file has been deposited. Derived variables relating to the number of times that respondents have offended in the past year have been revised due to an improvement in the method of imputing values for those who refused to answer the count of offending questions. New users should also note that the domestic violence data were removed at an earlier edition due to concerns over consistency.