The number of U.S. home sales in the United States declined in 2024, after soaring in 2021. A total of four million transactions of existing homes, including single-family, condo, and co-ops, were completed in 2024, down from 6.12 million in 2021. According to the forecast, the housing market is forecast to head for recovery in 2025, despite transaction volumes expected to remain below the long-term average. Why have home sales declined? The housing boom during the coronavirus pandemic has demonstrated that being a homeowner is still an integral part of the American dream. Nevertheless, sentiment declined in the second half of 2022 and Americans across all generations agreed that the time was not right to buy a home. A combination of factors has led to house prices rocketing and making homeownership unaffordable for the average buyer. A survey among owners and renters found that the high home prices and unfavorable economic conditions were the two main barriers to making a home purchase. People who would like to purchase their own home need to save up a deposit, have a good credit score, and a steady and sufficient income to be approved for a mortgage. In 2022, mortgage rates experienced the most aggressive increase in history, making the total cost of homeownership substantially higher. Are U.S. home prices expected to fall? The median sales price of existing homes stood at 413,000 U.S. dollars in 2024 and was forecast to increase slightly until 2026. The development of the S&P/Case Shiller U.S. National Home Price Index shows that home prices experienced seven consecutive months of decline between June 2022 and January 2023, but this trend reversed in the following months. Despite mild fluctuations throughout the year, home prices in many metros are forecast to continue to grow, albeit at a much slower rate.

Text source: https://www.huduser.gov/portal/publications/hsgfin/addi.html In recognition of the fact that a lack of savings is the most significant barrier to homeownership for most low-income families1, Congress passed the American Dream Downpayment Act of 2003, which established the American Dream Downpayment Initiative (ADDI). The ADDI program was designed to provide assistance with downpayments, closing costs, and, if necessary, rehabilitation work done in conjunction with a home purchase. This formula-based program disburses assistance through a network of Participating Jurisdictions (PJs) in all 50 states and affords them significant flexibility in designing homebuyer programs to meet the needs of their communities. Established as part of the HOME program,2 ADDI is a prime example of direct federal assistance to promote low-income homeownership. In recent years there have been growing concerns that many new low-income homeowners have had difficulty maintaining homeownership.3 To address these concerns in the context of the ADDI program, the Fiscal Year 2006 U.S. Senate Report on the Transportation, Treasury and HUD Appropriations Bill directed the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to report on the foreclosure and delinquency rate of households who received downpayment assistance through ADDI.4 This report has been developed in response to this congressional mandate. Due to the limited program history of ADDI, and since HOME-assisted homebuyers are quite similar to those assisted by the ADDI, this study jointly estimates annual foreclosure and delinquency rates for both HOME- and ADDI-assisted borrowers who purchased homes during the period from 2001 through 2005.5 While all HOME/ADDI-assisted borrowers were included in the analysis, in order to have the results be representative of the ADDI program, the sample of PJs was limited to those that were eligible for an allocation of ADDI funds in 2004, the year in which the largest number of PJs were eligible. The primary objective of the study, which addresses the congressional inquiry, is to provide an estimate of the foreclosure and delinquency rates among HOME/ADDI-assisted homebuyers. HUD was also interested in an analysis of the reasons behind these outcomes. Thus, a secondary objective of this study is to analyze the factors associated with variations in delinquency and default rates. 1 See, for example, U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Barriers to Minority Homeownership, July 17, 2002, and Herbert et al., Homeownership Gaps Among Low-Income and Minority Borrowers and Neighborhoods, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, March 2005. 2 Created under Title II of the National Affordable Housing Act of 1990, the HOME program is designed to provide affordable housing to low-income households, expand the capacity of nonprofit housing providers, and strengthen the ability of state and local governments to develop and implement affordable housing strate-gies tailored to local needs and priorities. 3 See, for example, Dean Baker, "Who's Dreaming?: Homeownership Among Low-Income Families," Center for Eco-nomic and Policy Research, Washington, DC, January 2005. 4 Throughout our discussion the terms "default" and "foreclosure" are used to refer to the same outcome where homeowners lose their home in foreclosure. 5 Foreclosure and delinquency rates for 2000 are not included here as the data was not consistent enough to produce valid estimations. This report is based in part on surveys of participating jurisdictions.

Background: China is continuing to witness rising numbers of migrants (e.g., individuals migrating from rural tourban areas), and alongside this are the social restrictions and institutional barriers migrants face. Such restrictions and barriers are a consequence of the long-standing urban-rural dualist system and can create a sense ofrelative deprivation among migrants—that is, dissatisfaction when migrants perceive they are at a disadvantagecompared with local residents of an area.Objective and method: Based on Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory, the current study used data from the 2017 ChineseGeneral Social Survey (N = 1849) to explore the mechanism through which migrants’ home ownership or nonownership in the migration process affects their sense of relative deprivation. To do so, a ranked regression andparallel multiple mediation model were developed. Additionally, a heterogeneity analysis was conducted toaccount for the region in which migrants lived and their age.Results: The results revealed that home ownership significantly reduced migrants’ relative deprivation. Moreover,the perception of economic and symbolic capital was found to play a role in the effects of wealth and class,respectively. From the heterogeneity analysis, the direct and mediated effects of housing attributes on migrants’relative deprivation were more significant for migrants in the eastern versus central and western regions ofChina, as well as among new-versus older-generation migrants.Conclusion: To improve the feasibility of home ownership among migrants and, thus, alleviate their relativedeprivation in the inflow area, relevant policies (e.g., improving the housing system pathway) should bedeveloped and implemented.

Pathways to Removing Obstacles to Housing (PRO Housing) Pathways to Removing Obstacles to Housing, or PRO Housing, is a competitive grant program being administered by HUD. PRO Housing seeks to identify and remove barriers to affordable housing production and preservation.

Under the Need rating factor, applicants will be awarded ten (10) points if their application primarily serves a ‘priority geography’. Priority geography means a geography that has an affordable housing need greater than a threshold calculation for one of three measures. The threshold calculation is determined by the need of the 90th-percentile jurisdiction (top 10%) for each factor as computed comparing only jurisdictions with greater than 50,000 population. Threshold calculations are done at the county and place level and applied respectively to county and place applicants. An application can also quality as a priority geography if it serves a geography that scores in the top 5% of its State for the same three measures. The measures are as follows:

Affordable housing not keeping pace, measured as (change in population 2019-2009 divided by 2009 population) – (change in number of units affordable and available to households at 80% HUD Area Median Family Income (HAMFI) 2019-2009 divided by units affordable and available at 80% HAMFI 2009). Insufficient affordable housing, measured as number of households at 80% HAMFI divided by number of affordable and available units for households at 80% HAMFI. Widespread housing cost burden or substandard housing, measured as number of households with housing problems at 100% HAMFI divided by number of households at 100% HAMFI. Housing problems is defined as: cost burden of at least 50%, overcrowding, or substandard housing.

For more information on Pro Housing, please visit: https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/comm_planning/pro_housing

The Atlanta Regional Commission (ARC), in collaboration with several internal departments and external contracting, recently published a new tool for assessing housing market dynamics around the metro area. The Metro Atlanta Housing Strategy Toolkit includes a mapping component displaying ten distinct submarkets in the 11-county Atlanta region. The submarkets are defined by identifying similar patterns of demographic and economic factors. The toolkit also features recommendations for possible housing policy strategies by area, such as preserving affordable units, increasing supply, and promoting housing stability.ARC developed the toolkit to equip local governments and civic organizations with (1) data to understand factors impacting barriers to affordable housing and the dynamic forces at play presenting challenges for potential homeowners, and (2) initial strategy options to consider in addressing the barriers and challenges.The submarkets shown in the mapping tool were built up out of Census tracts, by using a supervised learning technique to categorize each tract as urban or suburban based on land use. The research also incorporates home sales data from ATTOM Data Solutions aggregated to the tract level as well as several Census variables. For more detail on the methodology, including a template of the Python notebook used in the analysis, see our GitHub repo.

The manufactured home wholesaling industry continues to provide practical solutions to the persisting housing affordability crisis, with manufactured homes delivering up to 50.0% cheaper housing per square foot compared to site-built residences. Factors such as efficient factory production, bulk purchasing of materials and streamlined labor processes contribute to the lower prices. Demand has significantly increased because of elevated mortgage rates and costly site-built homes, with manufactured home production rising 15.9% in 2024. Simultaneously, the shift in ownership from individual owners to larger institutional investors in Manufactured Housing Communities (MHCs) is modifying the customer dynamics for wholesalers. These investors demand higher quantities, standardization and sophisticated services, necessitating operational expansion and increased efficiency from wholesalers. Through the end of 2025, industry revenue has climbed at a CAGR of 4.2% to reach $45.3 billion in 2025, when revenue is set to gain 2.9%. As the elderly population continues to grow, so does demand for cost-effective housing appropriate for fixed-income households, like manufactured homes. The maintenance concerns associated with conventionally built homes are minimized in manufactured homes, attracting seniors who comprise about 40.0% of buyers. Critical industry reshaping regulatory changes introduced by the HUD and USDA, such as the postponed implementation of updated Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards (MHCSS) to September 2025, provide more extensive options for potential buyers, expand financing eligibility and enforce modernized safety and energy efficiency requirements. Through the five years to 2030, the industry will remain resilient and experience continued growth because of the persistent housing affordability crisis and the industry's adaptability to economic fluctuations. Product modernization and technological integration in manufactured homes will fuel expansion. These upgrades, in conformity with consumer preferences for comfort, connectivity, eco-conscious living and regulatory energy and safety standards, broaden the attractiveness to varied buyers. The accelerated demand for advanced glass products, a response to green building practices and stricter energy codes, necessitates that wholesalers ensure a consistent supply of innovative glass solutions. Overall, wholesalers should remain agile, cultivate relationships with institutional investors, maintain inventory quality and diversity and establish strategies to navigate the evolving regulatory landscape and consider buyer market trends. Industry revenue will gain at a CAGR of 2.7% to reach an estimated $51.6 billion in 2030.

Subcounty housing unit counts are important for studying geo-historical patterns of (sub)urbanization, land-use change, and residential loss and gain. The most commonly used subcounty geographical unit for social research in the United States is the census tract. However, their changing geometries and historically incomplete coverage present significant obstacles for longitudinal analysis that existing datasets do not adequately address. Overcoming these barriers, we provide housing unit estimates in consistent 2010 tract boundaries for every census year from 1940 to 2010 plus 2019 for the entire continental US. Moreover, we develop an “urbanization year” indicator that denotes if and when tracts became “urbanized” during this timeframe. We produce these data by blending existing interpolation techniques with a novel procedure we call “maximum reabsorption”. Conducting out-of-sample validation, we find that our hybrid approach generally produces more reliable estimates than existing alternatives. The final dataset, Historical Housing Unit and Urbanization Database 2010 (HHUUD10), has myriad potential uses for research involving housing, population, and land-use change, as well as (sub)urbanization.

The rental housing market is projected to exhibit robust growth over the coming years, driven by factors such as increasing urbanization, rising disposable incomes, and changing lifestyle preferences. The market size was valued at XXX million in 2025 and is anticipated to expand at a CAGR of XX% from 2025 to 2033, reaching XXX million by 2033. Key market segments include long-term lease, tourist short-term rentals, hotels, apartments, and civil accommodation. North America, Europe, and Asia Pacific are expected to remain major regional markets, with China, India, and the United States emerging as significant growth contributors. The rental housing market is highly competitive, with numerous established players and emerging startups. Some of the prominent companies operating in the market include Ziru, Boyu, Airbnb, Lianjia, Douban, Guanyu, Apartment List, Trulia, Zillow, and Rent. To gain a competitive edge, companies are increasingly focusing on innovation, technology adoption, and customer service. Strategic partnerships, acquisitions, and mergers are also expected to shape the market landscape in the coming years.

This dataset contains replication files for "Creating Moves to Opportunity: Experimental Evidence on Barriers to Neighborhood Choice" by Peter Bergman, Raj Chetty, Stefanie DeLuca, Nathaniel Hendren, Lawrence Katz, and Christopher Palmer. For more information, see https://opportunityinsights.org/paper/cmto/. A summary of the related publication follows. Low-income families in the United States tend to live in neighborhoods that offer limited opportunities for upward income mobility. One potential explanation for this pattern is that low-income families prefer such neighborhoods for other reasons, such as affordability or proximity to family and jobs. An alternative explanation is that families do not move to high-opportunity areas because of barriers that prevent them from making such moves. We test between these two explanations using a randomized controlled trial with housing voucher recipients in Seattle and King County. We provided services to reduce barriers to moving to high-upward-mobility neighborhoods: customized search assistance, landlord engagement, and short-term financial assistance. The intervention increased the fraction of families who moved to high-upward-mobility areas from 14% in the control group to 54% in the treatment group. Families induced to move to higher opportunity areas by the treatment do not make sacrifices on other dimensions of neighborhood quality and report much higher levels of neighborhood satisfaction. These findings imply that most low-income families do not have a strong preference to stay in low-opportunity areas; instead, barriers in the housing search process are a central driver of residential segregation by income. Interviews with families reveal that the capacity to address each family’s needs in a specific manner from emotional support to brokering with landlords to financial assistance was critical to the program’s success. Using quasi-experimental analyses and comparisons to other studies, we show that more standardized policies increasing voucher payment standards in high-opportunity areas or informational interventions have much smaller impacts. We conclude that redesigning affordable housing policies to provide customized assistance in housing search could reduce residential segregation and increase upward mobility substantially.

This indicator presents a summary of the main housing policy objectives in national housing strategies, as well as obstacles faced in ensuring access to affordable housing, as identified by countries that responded to the 2021, 2019 and 2016 OECD Questionnaire on Affordable and Social Housing (QuASH 2021, QuASH 2019, QuASH 2016). This indicator summarises the reported obstacles by country, whilst classifying the policy objectives into 11 broad categories (Figure PH 1.2). The full list of policy objectives is available in Table PH 1.2.2 in Annex I.

Revenue for apartment lessors has expanded through the end of 2025. Apartment lessors collect rental income from rental properties, where market forces largely determine their rates. The supply of apartment rentals has grown slower than demand, which has elevated rental rates for lessors' benefit. As the Federal Reserve hiked interest rates 11 times between March 2022 and January 2024, homeownership was pushed beyond the reach of many, resulting in a tighter supply and increased demand for rental properties. Despite three interest rate cuts in 2024, mortgage rates have remained high, further encouraging consumers to rent. Revenue has climbed at a CAGR of 2.9% over the past five years and is expected to reach $299.7 billion by the end of 2025. This includes an anticipated 3.0% gain in 2025 alone. The increasing unaffordability of housing is caused by the steady climb of mortgage rates and high prices maintained by a low supply. Supply has been held down as buyers who locked in low rates stay put, and investment groups hold a strategic number of their properties empty as investments. Industry profit has remained elevated because of solid demand for apartment rentals. Through the end of 2030, the apartment rental industry's future performance is likely to be shaped by varying factors. The apartment supply in the US, which hit a record in 2024, is expected to taper off, which will, in turn, push rental prices and occupancy rates up to the lessors' benefit. Other factors, such as further interest rate cuts, decreasing financial barriers to homeownership, and a high rate of urbanization, will also significantly impact the industry. Wth approximately 80.7% of the US population living in urban areas, demand for apartment rentals will strengthen, although rising rental prices could force potential renters to cheaper suburbs. Demand will continue to outpace supply growth, prompting a climb in revenue. Revenue is expected to swell at a CAGR of 2.8% over the next five years, reaching an estimated $344.3 billion in 2030.

Each year, the City of Rochester receives funds from HUD for housing and community development activities to address priority needs locally identified by the City. To receive these federal funds, the City must submit a strategic plan - the Consolidated Plan - every five years that identifies local needs and how these needs will be addressed.The purpose of the Consolidated Plan (Con Plan) is to guide funding decisions over the next five years for specific federal funds. The Con Plan supports three overarching goals applied according to the City’s needs:To provide decent housing by preserving the affordable housing stock, increasing the availability of affordable housing, reducing discriminatory barriers, increasing the supply of supportive housing for those with special needs, and transitioning persons and families experiencing homelessness into housing.To provide a quality living environment through safer, more livable and accessible neighborhoods, greater supports and opportunities for low- and moderate-income (LMI) residents throughout the City, improved public infrastructure and facilities, increased housing choices, and neighborhood reinvestment. To expand economic opportunities through job creation, homeownership opportunities, façade improvement, development activities that promote long-term community viability and the empowerment of low- and moderate-income persons to achieve self-sufficiencyIn summary, the five-year 2020-2024 Consolidated Plan and the first year Annual Action Plan for 2020 have been developed with community input and support the implementation of Rochester 2034. It is expected that the City will continue to fulfill the intent of the CDBG, HOME ESG and HOPWA programs by facilitating the: affordability of safe, decent housing; availability, accessibility, and sustainability of suitable living environments; accessibility of economic opportunities; provision of housing and services for those experiencing homelessness; and meeting the housing and services needs of persons with HIV/AIDS and their families.

Modular ADU (Accessory Dwelling Unit) Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global modular ADU (Accessory Dwelling Unit) market size reached USD 7.8 billion in 2024, reflecting substantial momentum in the adoption of flexible housing solutions worldwide. The market is projected to register a robust CAGR of 8.2% over the forecast period, with the market size anticipated to reach USD 15.5 billion by 2033. This impressive growth is primarily driven by rising urbanization, increasing housing affordability challenges, and a growing preference for sustainable, space-efficient living solutions.

The growth trajectory of the modular ADU market is underpinned by several powerful factors. Urban populations globally continue to swell, intensifying the need for innovative housing alternatives that maximize limited land resources. Modular ADUs, which can be rapidly constructed offsite with minimal disruption, offer a scalable solution to urban housing shortages. Furthermore, the escalating costs of traditional homeownership and rental properties have compelled both individuals and governments to explore ADUs as viable options for affordable housing. These units, whether detached, attached, or converted from existing spaces, provide homeowners with the flexibility to accommodate extended families, generate rental income, or create dedicated workspaces, thereby enhancing property value and utility.

Another significant growth driver for the modular ADU market is the increasing emphasis on sustainable construction practices. Modular ADUs are typically manufactured using eco-friendly materials and processes that reduce construction waste and energy consumption. This aligns with the global push toward green building standards and net-zero carbon initiatives. Additionally, advancements in modular construction technology, such as prefabrication and digital design, have dramatically improved the speed, cost-efficiency, and quality of ADU installations. These innovations are making modular ADUs more accessible and attractive to a broader spectrum of consumers, including environmentally conscious homeowners and real estate developers seeking to minimize their ecological footprint.

Policy reforms and supportive government initiatives are also accelerating market growth. Many regions, particularly in North America and Europe, have updated zoning laws and building codes to facilitate the development of ADUs. These regulatory changes have lowered barriers for homeowners and developers, enabling faster permitting and streamlined construction processes. Moreover, financial incentives, such as tax credits and low-interest loans for ADU projects, are further encouraging adoption. As more municipalities recognize the role of ADUs in alleviating housing shortages and promoting urban density, the modular ADU market is poised for sustained expansion over the coming years.

Regionally, North America dominates the modular ADU market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, followed closely by Europe and Asia Pacific. The United States, in particular, has witnessed a surge in ADU construction, driven by favorable legislation in states like California and Oregon. Europe’s market growth is propelled by urban housing constraints and stringent sustainability mandates, while Asia Pacific is emerging as a lucrative market owing to rapid urbanization and increasing government support for affordable housing initiatives. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are gradually gaining traction, with local governments beginning to recognize the potential of modular ADUs to address diverse housing needs.

Type Analysis

The modular ADU market is segmented by type into detached ADUs, attached ADUs, garage conversion ADUs, basement conversion ADUs, and others. Detached ADUs represent the largest share of the market, as they offer the greatest degree of privacy and flexibility for homeowners. These units are typically standalone structures built in the backyard or on unused land, making them ideal for rental purposes, multigenerational living, or h

The tiny homes market, valued at $19.20 million in 2025, is experiencing robust growth, projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is driven by several key factors. Increasing urbanization and rising housing costs, particularly in desirable locations, are pushing consumers to seek affordable and sustainable housing alternatives. The appeal of a minimalist lifestyle, coupled with environmental concerns and a desire for greater mobility, further fuels market expansion. The segment is witnessing innovation in design and construction materials, leading to improved energy efficiency and enhanced aesthetics. Furthermore, the rise of remote work opportunities has broadened the appeal of tiny homes as viable primary residences, not just secondary or recreational dwellings. Key players like Skyline Champion Corporation, CargoHome, and Tumbleweed Tiny House Company are leveraging these trends, offering diverse models and customization options to cater to a growing consumer base. However, the market faces certain challenges. Stringent building codes and zoning regulations in many areas can hinder development and create barriers to entry for smaller businesses. The perception of tiny homes as lacking in space or amenities continues to represent a hurdle, though innovative designs are actively addressing this concern. Furthermore, the availability of skilled labor and the supply chain for specialized materials can influence market growth trajectory. Despite these restraints, the long-term outlook for the tiny homes market remains positive, driven by the persistent need for affordable and sustainable housing solutions in a rapidly changing world. Future growth will likely depend on overcoming regulatory hurdles and continuing to enhance the perception and functionality of tiny homes. Recent developments include: February 2023: Sentosa Development Corporation launched low-carbon tiny houses on Lazarus Island for the first time. These tiny homes measure between 170 square feet. Tiny homes are designed in an open-plan concept consisting of a bedroom, kitchenette, living area, and outdoor deck., February 2023: The USD 14 million mixed-use project in Cedar Hill by Jim Lake Companies will provide tiny homes and storefronts for entrepreneurs. The retail areas in the yet-to-be-named Cedar Hill project will be adjacent to one another and divided by metal separators. There will be six-month lease options available for entrepreneurs wishing to open their first retail location. In addition, 14 tiny houses with living quarters on top and workspace underneath will be built., February 2023: A new residential complex in Meriden will give downsizing a more profound meaning. The project offers more than just tiny residences, with the sizes of the houses varying from 384 to 480 square feet. To those in that situation, Carabetta is marketing the standalone units at its North Broad Park location. The business anticipates leasing in late 2023.. Notable trends are: Household Segment Anticipated to Hold Major Share Due to Increasing Demand for Affordable Housing.

Global Precast in Residential and Mass Housing Market valued at USD 138.98 Billion in 2023, projected to grow USD 249.13 Billion by 2032, with CAGR 6.7%.

Low-income families in the United States tend to live in neighborhoods that offer limited opportunities for upward income mobility. One potential explanation for this pattern is that families prefer such neighborhoods for other reasons, such as affordability or proximity to family and jobs. An alternative explanation is that they do not move to high-opportunity areas because of a lack of information or barriers that prevent them from making such moves. We test between these explanations using a two-phase randomized controlled trial with housing voucher recipients in Seattle and King County. We first provided a bundle of resources to facilitate moves to high-upward-mobility neighborhoods: information about high-opportunity areas, short-term financial assistance, customized assistance during the housing search process, and connections to landlords. This bundled intervention increased the fraction of families who moved to high-upward-mobility areas from 15% in the control group to 53% in the treatment group. To understand the mechanisms underlying this effect, we ran a second phase with three arms: (1) information about high-opportunity areas and financial assistance only; (2) reduced support services in addition to information and financial assistance; and (3) full support services, as in the original bundled intervention. The full services had five times as large a treatment effect as the information and financial incentives treatment and three times as large an effect as the reduced support intervention, showing that high-intensity, customized support enables moves to opportunity. Interviews with randomly selected families reveal that the program succeeded by relaxing families’ bandwidth constraints and addressing their specific needs, from identifying suitable units to providing emotional support to brokering with landlords. Families induced to move to higher opportunity areas tend to stay in their new neighborhoods in subsequent years and report higher levels of neighborhood satisfaction after moving. Our findings imply that many low-income families do not have a strong preference to stay in low-opportunity areas and that barriers in the housing search process are a central driver of residential segregation by income.

This dataset contains a summary measure of the Indices of Deprivation 2010 Barriers to housing and services domain at local authority district level. It puts the 326 Local Authority Districts into a rank order based the population weighted average rank of all LSOAs in the LAD. A rank of 1 is the most deprived.

The English Indices of Deprivation provide a relative measure of deprivation at small area level across England. Areas are ranked from least deprived to most deprived on seven different dimensions of deprivation and an overall composite measure of multiple deprivation. Most of the data underlying the 2010 indices are for the year 2008.

The Indices are designed for small areas, but one way of summarising relative deprivation at local authority level is by calculating the average rank of the LSOAs within it.

For the IMD and each domain, the summary measure is calculated by averaging all of the LSOA ranks in each local authority district. For the purpose of calculation, LSOAs are ranked such that the most deprived LSOA is given the rank of 32,482. The LSOA ranks are population weighted within a local authority district to take account of the fact that LSOA size can vary. (For simplicity in summarising the domains, the same total population size is used for all domains.) Finally the LADs are ranked according to the average rank of the LSOAs, from 1 to 326 where 1 is the most deprived.

The ‘Rank of average rank’ summary measure of for local authorities is also published for the IMD at: http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/statistics/xls/1871689.xls.

Container Mobile House Market Landscape: The global container mobile house market is projected to witness a robust CAGR of 8.6% over the forecast period (2025-2033), reaching a value of USD 2432 million by 2033. This growth is primarily driven by the increasing popularity of affordable and sustainable housing solutions, particularly in developing regions. The construction industry's focus on modular and adaptable buildings is further fueling market expansion. The market is segmented by application (personal, commercial, municipal), type (container type, disassembly box type), and company (MODSTEEL, Module-T, Prefabex), catering to diverse customer needs. Market Drivers, Trends, and Restraints: The rising demand for cost-effective and portable housing solutions is a key driver of the container mobile house market. Governments and non-profit organizations are implementing projects to provide affordable housing to underserved populations. The trend towards eco-friendly construction practices is also boosting market growth as container mobile houses offer a sustainable alternative to traditional housing methods. However, challenges related to space constraints, building codes, and transportation logistics can restrain market growth in certain regions.

The single-cartridge filter housing market, valued at $1183 million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by increasing demand across diverse industries. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5% from 2025 to 2033 indicates a steady expansion, primarily fueled by the rising adoption of filtration technologies in food and beverage processing, chemical manufacturing, and the automotive sector. Stringent regulatory standards regarding product purity and hygiene are also significant contributors to market growth. The metal segment within the product typology is anticipated to dominate due to its durability and suitability for high-pressure applications. However, the plastic segment is expected to witness considerable growth due to its cost-effectiveness and lightweight nature, particularly in applications where high pressure is not a primary concern. Geographically, North America and Europe currently hold significant market shares, reflecting established industrial infrastructure and stringent environmental regulations. However, Asia-Pacific is projected to witness the fastest growth, driven by rapid industrialization and increasing investments in manufacturing across countries like China and India. Competitive pressures from numerous established and emerging players will continue to shape the market dynamics, encouraging innovation in filter design and material science to enhance efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The market's growth trajectory will likely be influenced by several factors. Fluctuations in raw material prices could impact manufacturing costs, while technological advancements leading to improved filter performance and longevity will drive adoption. Furthermore, the increasing awareness of hygiene and safety standards across diverse sectors will propel demand for sophisticated filtration solutions. Challenges such as potential disruptions in the supply chain and the ongoing development of sustainable alternatives could influence market growth in the coming years. Nevertheless, the overall outlook for the single-cartridge filter housing market remains positive, driven by sustained industrial growth and a continued emphasis on efficient and reliable filtration processes.

Modular ADU (Accessory Dwelling Unit) Market Outlook

According to our latest research, the global Modular ADU (Accessory Dwelling Unit) market size reached USD 7.2 billion in 2024, demonstrating robust expansion with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.1% from 2025 to 2033. Driven by increasing urban housing shortages and a growing emphasis on sustainable, flexible living solutions, the market is forecasted to reach USD 15.7 billion by 2033. The market’s momentum is underpinned by favorable regulatory changes, rising property values, and the desire for additional rental income streams, making Modular ADUs an increasingly attractive proposition for homeowners and investors alike.

One of the primary growth factors fueling the Modular ADU market is the global housing affordability crisis, particularly in major urban centers. As property prices and rental rates soar, homeowners and municipalities are seeking innovative solutions to maximize existing land use and provide affordable housing alternatives. Modular ADUs offer a cost-effective and rapid deployment option, enabling property owners to add living space without the high costs and extended timelines associated with traditional construction. Moreover, the prefabricated nature of modular units ensures consistent quality, minimizes construction waste, and allows for easier compliance with local building codes. These factors collectively drive widespread adoption, especially in regions such as North America and parts of Europe where housing shortages are most acute.

Sustainability and environmental considerations are also critical growth drivers for the Modular ADU market. Modular construction techniques significantly reduce material waste, energy consumption, and site disruption compared to conventional building methods. Many modular ADUs are designed with energy-efficient systems, renewable energy integration, and eco-friendly materials, aligning well with global trends towards green building and net-zero emissions targets. This has positioned modular ADUs as a preferred choice among environmentally conscious homeowners, urban planners, and policymakers. Furthermore, the ability to relocate or repurpose modular units adds another layer of flexibility, supporting the evolving needs of urban populations and contributing to the circular economy.

Another significant factor propelling the market is the increasing acceptance and support from local governments and regulatory bodies. Over the past few years, many cities and states, particularly in the United States and Canada, have enacted zoning reforms and streamlined permitting processes to encourage the development of ADUs. These regulatory changes have lowered barriers to entry for homeowners, developers, and modular construction companies, accelerating market penetration. In addition, financial incentives, tax breaks, and grant programs in some regions have further stimulated demand, making modular ADUs a viable solution for intergenerational living, affordable rental housing, and even small-scale commercial applications.

From a regional perspective, North America leads the global Modular ADU market, accounting for the largest share in 2024, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific. The United States, in particular, has witnessed a surge in ADU approvals and installations, driven by progressive housing policies and a growing interest in multigenerational living arrangements. Europe is also experiencing steady growth, especially in countries grappling with urban density and aging populations. Meanwhile, the Asia Pacific region is emerging as a promising market, supported by rapid urbanization, rising middle-class incomes, and increasing awareness of sustainable housing solutions. Latin America and the Middle East & Africa are expected to register moderate growth, with untapped potential for modular construction in affordable housing initiatives.

Type Analysis

The Modular ADU market is segmented by type into Detached ADUs, Attached ADUs, Garage Conversion ADUs, Basement Conversion ADUs, and Others. Detached ADUs represent the most popular segment, favored for their privacy, flexibility, and ability to function as independent living quarters. These units are typically situated in the backyard of a primary residence, offering homeowners the opportunity to house relatives, generate rental income, or create dedicated workspaces without compromising the main home’s pri