This dataset provides a rich, time-series view of how key macroeconomic indicators have shaped the U.S. housing market over the last 20 years. It is built around the S&P Case-Shiller U.S. National Home Price Index (CSUSHPISA) — a widely trusted benchmark for tracking national home price trends — and enhanced with a curated selection of economic factors sourced from the Federal Reserve Economic Database (FRED).

What's Inside? The dataset spans January 2004 to June 2024 (monthly frequency), and includes the following: Feature Description

Home_Price_Index Case-Shiller Home Price Index (target)
Interest_Rate Federal Funds Rate
Mortgage_Rate 30-Year Fixed Mortgage Average
Unemployment_Rate National unemployment rate
Median_Income Median personal income (annual, forward-filled monthly) Inflation_CPI Consumer Price Index
Building_Permits Housing construction permit approvals
Housing_Starts New housing construction starts
US_Population Monthly estimated population
Consumer_Sentiment University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index

In addition to these core features, we’ve added: --Lag features (1-month, 3-month) to capture trend memory --Rolling averages to smooth volatility --Ratios like income-to-mortgage and permit-to-population --Percentage change columns to measure economic shifts over time These transformations make the dataset ideal for predictive modeling, exploratory data analysis, and economic storytelling.

Source --All raw data was retrieved via FRED (Federal Reserve Economic Data), ensuring official, up-to-date, and well-maintained inputs.

Use Cases --Time series forecasting (e.g., Ridge, ARIMA, XGBoost) --Macroeconomic trend analysis --Housing market dashboards --Educational projects on feature engineering --Model interpretability experiments

Frequency --All data is aggregated/resampled to monthly granularity for consistency.

License CC BY 4.0 — free to use with attribution

The Housing Affordability Index value in the United States plummeted in 2022, surpassing the historical record of ***** index points in 2006. In 2024, the housing affordability index measured **** index points, making it the second-worst year for homebuyers since the start of the observation period. What does the Housing Affordability Index mean? The Housing Affordability Index uses data provided by the National Association of Realtors (NAR). It measures whether a family earning the national median income can afford the monthly mortgage payments on a median-priced existing single-family home. An index value of 100 means that a family has exactly enough income to qualify for a mortgage on a home. The higher the index value, the more affordable a house is to a family. Key factors that drive the real estate market Income, house prices, and mortgage rates are some of the most important factors influencing homebuyer sentiment. When incomes increase, consumer power also increases. The median household income in the United States declined in 2022, affecting affordability. Additionally, mortgage interest rates have soared, adding to the financial burden of homebuyers. The sales price of existing single-family homes in the U.S. has increased year-on-year since 2011 and reached ******* U.S. dollars in 2023.

Graph and download economic data for Housing Affordability Index (Fixed) (FIXHAI) from Sep 2024 to Sep 2025 about fixed, housing, indexes, and USA.

Price to Rent Ratio in the United States increased to 134.04 in the fourth quarter of 2024 from 133.46 in the third quarter of 2024. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States Price to Rent Ratio.

Retail properties had the highest capitalization rates in the United States in 2023, followed by offices. The cap rate for office real estate was **** percent in the fourth quarter of the year and was forecast to rise further to **** percent in 2024. Cap rates measure the expected rate of return on investment, and show the net operating income of a property as a percentage share of the current asset value. While a higher cap rate indicates a higher rate of return, it also suggests a higher risk. Why have cap rates increased? The increase in cap rates is a consequence of a repricing in the commercial real estate sector. According to the National NCREIF Property Return Index, prices for commercial real estate declined across all property types in 2023. Rental growth was slow during the same period, resulting in a negative annual return. The increase in cap rates reflects the increased risk in the investment environment. Pricing uncertainty in the commercial real estate sector Between 2014 and 2021, commercial property prices in the U.S. enjoyed steady growth. Access to credit with low interest rates facilitated economic growth and real estate investment. As inflation surged in the following two years, lending policy tightened. That had a significant effect on the sector. First, it worsened sentiment among occupiers. Second, it led to a decline in demand for commercial spaces and commercial real estate investment volumes. Uncertainty about the future development of interest rates and occupier demand further contributed to the repricing of real estate assets.

Graph and download economic data for Employed full time: Median usual weekly real earnings: Wage and salary workers: 16 years and over (LES1252881600Q) from Q1 1979 to Q2 2025 about full-time, salaries, workers, earnings, 16 years +, wages, median, real, employment, and USA.