In 2024/25, 13,231 people who were seen to be sleeping rough in London compared with 11,993 in the previous reporting year, and the most reported during this time period. The number of people reported to be sleeping rough has steadily increased throughout this time period, with the dip in 2020/21, and 2022/23, likely related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Demographics of London's homeless As of the most recent reporting year, over 2,000 of London's rough sleepers were in the borough of Westminster, the most of any London borough. In terms of gender, the majority of rough sleepers are male, with more than 10,000 men seen to be sleeping rough, compared with 2,149 women, and 18 non-binary people. The most common age group was among those aged between 36 and 45 years old, at more than 3,900, compared with 1,411 25 and under, 3,580 aged between 26 and 34, 2,860 aged 45 and 55, and around 1,578 over 55s. Homelessness in the U.S. Homelessness is also an important social issue in several other countries. In the United States, for example, there were estimated to be approximately 653,104 people experiencing homelessness in 2023. This was a noticeable increase on the previous year, and the highest number between 2007 and 2023. When looking at U.S. states, New York had the highest homelessness rate, at 52 individuals per 10,000 population, followed by Vermont at 51.

In 2024/25, there were ***** rough sleepers reported in Westminster, making it the London borough with the highest number of rough sleepers in that year. Other boroughs which also had a high number of homeless people included, Camden, Ealing, and Southwark.

In 2024/25, ***** people who were seen to be sleeping rough in London were aged between 36 and 45 years old, the most common age group in that year. In this same year, ***** people seen to be homeless were aged 25 or under, and a further ***** were aged over 55.

In 2024/25, ****** men were reported to be sleeping rough in London with a further ***** women, and ** non-binary people. Since 2010/11 there has been an increase in the number of people reported to be sleeping rough in London, increasing from almost ***** in 2010/11 to more than ****** by 2022/23. Throughout this time period, the majority of people seen to be sleeping rough in London have been men. Characteristics of homeless people in London Of the rough sleepers seen in London in 2023/24, the most common age group were those aged between 36 and 45, at *****. In terms of nationality, most rough sleepers were from the United Kingdom at ***** people, with Romanian being the second-highest nationality, at *** people. The London Borough which had the highest number of people sleeping rough was Westminster, at ***** people, while the borough of Sutton had the fewest rough sleepers, at **. Tragic implications of homelessness In 2021, *** homeless people in London lost their lives, which was the highest number of homeless deaths per region in England and Wales. In terms of the homeless death rate, the worst region was also London, at **** deaths per million people in 2021. North West England had the second-highest deaths per million people, at **. Between 2013 and 2019, the number of homeless deaths in England and Wales increased from 392 to ***, before falling to *** in 2020 and *** in 2021.

In 2024/25, approximately 5,462 of the 13,231 people seen to be sleeping rough in London were from the UK, the most-common nationality that year. The second-most common nationality was Romanian, at 828 people.

Information These published reports present information from the multi-agency database Combined Homelessness and Information Network (CHAIN), about people seen rough sleeping by outreach teams in London. CHAIN, which is commissioned and funded by the Greater London Authority (GLA) and managed by Homeless Link, represents one of the UK’s most detailed and comprehensive sources of information about rough sleeping. Services that record information on CHAIN include outreach teams, assessment centres, accommodation projects, day centres and other specialist projects. The system allows users to share information about work done with people sleeping rough and about their needs, ensuring that they receive the most appropriate support and that efforts are not duplicated. In these reports, people are counted as having been seen rough sleeping if they have been encountered by a commissioned outreach worker bedded down on the street, or in other open spaces or locations not designed for habitation, such as doorways, stairwells, parks or derelict buildings. The report does not include people from “hidden homeless” groups such as those “sofa surfing” or living in squats, unless they have also been seen bedded down in one of the settings outlined above. Separate reports are produced for London as a whole and for individual boroughs, and these are published each quarter. There are also annual reports that contain aggregated information for each full year. Interactive Visualisation Tool Quarterly Data Tool Annual Data Tool A suite of online interactive charts and maps based on CHAIN data is available by clicking the above links. The data available via these tools mirrors that presented in the published PDF documents, with the addition of filters and other enhancements to allow users to interrogate the data. The Quarterly Data Tool shows data from the last eight quarters, and the Annual Data Tool shows data from the last five years. Organisations Using CHAIN A list of the organisations which have signed the CHAIN Data Protection Agreement and are able to access the live CHAIN system is also available to download. PDF Reports & Data tables As of January 2024, published CHAIN PDF reports are accompanied by an OpenDocument Spreadsheet file providing the underlying data in an accessible aggregated tabular format. The file includes data at local authority level, and for London overall, including comparative data for previous periods. There is also an accompanying explanatory notes document, which provides important contextual information about the data. Please click the links below to download a zip file containing the PDF reports and OpenDocument Spreadsheet for the corresponding timeframe. Publication Schedule Reports are published 1 month after the end of each quarter and one quarter after the end of each year. The linked document below provides details of forthcoming publications Quarterly and Annual Report Schedule 2024/25 2024/25 Q3 2024/25 Greater London 2024/25 Q3 Borough Reports 2024/25 Q3 Quarterly Data Tables 2024/25 Q3 Q2 2024/25 Greater London 2024/25 Q2 Borough Reports 2024/25 Q2 Quarterly Data Tables 2024/25 Q2 Q1 2024/25 Greater London 2024/25 Q1 Borough Reports 2024/25 Q1 Quarterly Data Tables 2024/25 Q1 2023/24 Greater London Bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Annual Data Tables Quarterly Reports and Data Tables (for Q3 and Q4 only) 2022/23 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2021/22 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2020/21 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2019/20 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2018/19 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2017/18 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2016/17 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2015/16 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports 2014/15 Greater London bulletin Greater London full report Borough Annual Reports Quarterly Reports Pre-2014/15 For earlier reports please see the end of this page. This dataset is one of the Greater London Authority's measures of Economic Fairness. Click here to find out more.

Information

These published reports present information from the multi-agency database Combined Homelessness and Information Network (CHAIN), about people seen rough sleeping by outreach teams in London. CHAIN, which is commissioned and funded by the Greater London Authority (GLA) and managed by Homeless Link, represents one of the UK’s most detailed and comprehensive sources of information about rough sleeping.

Services that record information on CHAIN include outreach teams, assessment centres, accommodation projects, day centres and other specialist projects. The system allows users to share information about work done with people sleeping rough and about their needs, ensuring that they receive the most appropriate support and that efforts are not duplicated.

In these reports, people are counted as having been seen rough sleeping if they have been encountered by a commissioned outreach worker bedded down on the street, or in other open spaces or locations not designed for habitation, such as doorways, stairwells, parks or derelict buildings. The report does not include people from “hidden homeless” groups such as those “sofa surfing” or living in squats, unless they have also been seen bedded down in one of the settings outlined above.

Separate reports are produced for London as a whole and for individual boroughs, and these are published each quarter. There are also annual reports that contain aggregated information for each full year.

Interactive Visualisation Tool

Quarterly Data Tool

Annual Data Tool

A suite of online interactive charts and maps based on CHAIN data is available by clicking the above links. The data available via these tools mirrors that presented in the published PDF documents, with the addition of filters and other enhancements to allow users to interrogate the data. The Quarterly Data Tool shows data from the last eight quarters, and the Annual Data Tool shows data from the last five years.

Organisations Using CHAIN

A list of the organisations which have signed the CHAIN Data Protection Agreement and are able to access the live CHAIN system is also available to download.

PDF Reports & Data tables

As of January 2024, published CHAIN PDF reports are accompanied by an OpenDocument Spreadsheet file providing the underlying data in an accessible aggregated tabular format. The file includes data at local authority level, and for London overall, including comparative data for previous periods. There is also an accompanying explanatory notes document, which provides important contextual information about the data.

Please click the links below to download a zip file containing the PDF reports and OpenDocument Spreadsheet for the corresponding timeframe.

Publication Schedule

Reports are published 1 month after the end of each quarter and one quarter after the end of each year. The linked document below provides details of forthcoming publications

Quarterly and Annual Report Schedule 2025/26

2025/26

• Q1 2025/26 Greater London
• Q1 2025/26 borough reports
• Q1 2025/26 data tables

2024/25

• Greater London Bulletin
• <a href="https://data.london.gov.uk/download/e1b60712-b128-4412-b7bd-d1117519033b/a58d5fff-21bb-

Information

These published reports present information from the multi-agency database Combined Homelessness and Information Network (CHAIN), about people seen rough sleeping by outreach teams in London. CHAIN, which is commissioned and funded by the Greater London Authority (GLA) and managed by Homeless Link, represents one of the UK’s most detailed and comprehensive sources of information about rough sleeping.

Services that record information on CHAIN include outreach teams, assessment centres, accommodation projects, day centres and other specialist projects. The system allows users to share information about work done with people sleeping rough and about their needs, ensuring that they receive the most appropriate support and that efforts are not duplicated.

In these reports, people are counted as having been seen rough sleeping if they have been encountered by a commissioned outreach worker bedded down on the street, or in other open spaces or locations not designed for habitation, such as doorways, stairwells, parks or derelict buildings. The report does not include people from “hidden homeless” groups such as those “sofa surfing” or living in squats, unless they have also been seen bedded down in one of the settings outlined above.

Separate reports are produced for London as a whole and for individual boroughs, and these are published each quarter. There are also annual reports that contain aggregated information for each full year.

Interactive Visualisation Tool

Quarterly Data Tool

Annual Data Tool

A suite of online interactive charts and maps based on CHAIN data is available by clicking the above links. The data available via these tools mirrors that presented in the published PDF documents, with the addition of filters and other enhancements to allow users to interrogate the data. The Quarterly Data Tool shows data from the last eight quarters, and the Annual Data Tool shows data from the last five years.

Organisations Using CHAIN

A list of the organisations which have signed the CHAIN Data Protection Agreement and are able to access the live CHAIN system is also available to download.

PDF Reports & Data tables

As of January 2024, published CHAIN PDF reports are accompanied by an OpenDocument Spreadsheet file providing the underlying data in an accessible aggregated tabular format. The file includes data at local authority level, and for London overall, including comparative data for previous periods. There is also an accompanying explanatory notes document, which provides important contextual information about the data.

Please click the links below to download a zip file containing the PDF reports and OpenDocument Spreadsheet for the corresponding timeframe.

Publication Schedule

Reports are published 1 month after the end of each quarter and one quarter after the end of each year. The linked document below provides details of forthcoming publications

Quarterly and Annual Report Schedule 2025/26

2024/25

• Greater London Bulletin
• Greater London full report
• Borough Annual Reports
• Annual Data Tables
• <a href="https://data.london.gov.uk/download/e1b60712-b128-4412-b7bd-d1117519033b/886cd377-0d09-4ec6-a9c9-81a8504d1ed4/2024-25%20Quartlery%20Reports.zip" targ

In 2023/24, 65,350 households in London were owed homeless prevention or relief duties, the most of any region of England. North West England had 48,230 households receiving homeless duties in this year, the second-highest English region.

Information

These published reports present information from the multi-agency database Combined Homelessness and Information Network (CHAIN), about people seen rough sleeping by outreach teams in London. CHAIN, which is commissioned and funded by the Greater London Authority (GLA) and managed by Homeless Link, represents one of the UK’s most detailed and comprehensive sources of information about rough sleeping.

Services that record information on CHAIN include outreach teams, assessment centres, accommodation projects, day centres and other specialist projects. The system allows users to share information about work done with people sleeping rough and about their needs, ensuring that they receive the most appropriate support and that efforts are not duplicated.

In these reports, people are counted as having been seen rough sleeping if they have been encountered by a commissioned outreach worker bedded down on the street, or in other open spaces or locations not designed for habitation, such as doorways, stairwells, parks or derelict buildings. The report does not include people from “hidden homeless” groups such as those “sofa surfing” or living in squats, unless they have also been seen bedded down in one of the settings outlined above.

Separate reports are produced for London as a whole and for individual boroughs, and these are published each quarter. There are also annual reports that contain aggregated information for each full year.

Interactive Visualisation Tool

Quarterly Data Tool

Annual Data Tool

A suite of online interactive charts and maps based on CHAIN data is available by clicking the above links. The data available via these tools mirrors that presented in the published PDF documents, with the addition of filters and other enhancements to allow users to interrogate the data. The Quarterly Data Tool shows data from the last eight quarters, and the Annual Data Tool shows data from the last five years.

Organisations Using CHAIN

A list of the organisations which have signed the CHAIN Data Protection Agreement and are able to access the live CHAIN system is also available to download.

PDF Reports & Data tables

As of January 2024, published CHAIN PDF reports are accompanied by an OpenDocument Spreadsheet file providing the underlying data in an accessible aggregated tabular format. The file includes data at local authority level, and for London overall, including comparative data for previous periods. There is also an accompanying explanatory notes document, which provides important contextual information about the data.

Please click the links below to download a zip file containing the PDF reports and OpenDocument Spreadsheet for the corresponding timeframe.

Publication Schedule

Reports are published 1 month after the end of each quarter and one quarter after the end of each year. The linked document below provides details of forthcoming publications

Quarterly and Annual Report Schedule 2025/26

2025/26

• Q1 2025/26 Greater London
• Q1 2025/26 borough reports
• Q1 2025/26 data tables

2024/25

• Greater London Bulletin
• <a href="https://data.london.gov.uk/download/e1b60712-b128-4412-b7bd-d1117519033b/a58d5fff-21bb-

Local authorities' action under the homelessness provisions of the 1985 and 1996 Housing Acts (financial year). Homelessness provision made by local authorities in London, 2004/05 to 2014/15.

Source: DCLG P1E Homelessness returns (quarterly)

Households "Excludes cases for whom a duty was owed but no accommodation was being secure" are those accepted as owed a main duty, or awaiting a decision on their application, but able to remain in their existing accommodation for the immediate future.

https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/live-tables-on-homelessness

🇬🇧 영국 English Local authorities' action under the homelessness provisions of the 1985 and 1996 Housing Acts (financial year). Homelessness provision made by local authorities in London, 2004/05 to 2017/18. Source: DCLG P1E Homelessness returns (quarterly) Households "Excludes cases for whom a duty was owed but no accommodation was being secure" are those accepted as owed a main duty, or awaiting a decision on their application, but able to remain in their existing accommodation for the immediate future. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/live-tables-on-homelessness This dataset is one of the Greater London Authority's measures of Economic Fairness. Click here to find out more.

The London Community Profile, providing information on Homelessness, Housing and Social Assistance data.

This statistic shows the support needs of reported rough sleepers people in London, United Kingdom (UK), in 2018/19. ** percent of homeless people were assessed to not have any alcohol, drug or mental health support needs, while ** percent were assessed to have all three.

Information

These published reports present information from the multi-agency database Combined Homelessness and Information Network (CHAIN), about people seen rough sleeping by outreach teams in London. CHAIN, which is commissioned and funded by the Greater London Authority (GLA) and managed by Homeless Link, represents one of the UK’s most detailed and comprehensive sources of information about rough sleeping.

Services that record information on CHAIN include outreach teams, assessment centres, accommodation projects, day centres and other specialist projects. The system allows users to share information about work done with people sleeping rough and about their needs, ensuring that they receive the most appropriate support and that efforts are not duplicated.

In these reports, people are counted as having been seen rough sleeping if they have been encountered by a commissioned outreach worker bedded down on the street, or in other open spaces or locations not designed for habitation, such as doorways, stairwells, parks or derelict buildings. The report does not include people from “hidden homeless” groups such as those “sofa surfing” or living in squats, unless they have also been seen bedded down in one of the settings outlined above.

Separate reports are produced for London as a whole and for individual boroughs, and these are published each quarter. There are also annual reports that contain aggregated information for each full year.

Interactive Visualisation Tool

Quarterly Data Tool

Annual Data Tool

A suite of online interactive charts and maps based on CHAIN data is available by clicking the above links. The data available via these tools mirrors that presented in the published PDF documents, with the addition of filters and other enhancements to allow users to interrogate the data. The Quarterly Data Tool shows data from the last eight quarters, and the Annual Data Tool shows data from the last five years.

Organisations Using CHAIN

A list of the  organisations which have signed the CHAIN Data Protection Agreement  and are able to access the live CHAIN system is also available to download.

PDF Reports & Data tables

As of January 2024, published CHAIN PDF reports are accompanied by an OpenDocument Spreadsheet file providing the underlying data in an accessible aggregated tabular format. The file includes data at local authority level, and for London overall, including comparative data for previous periods. There is also an accompanying  explanatory notes  document, which provides important contextual information about the data.

Please click the links below to download a zip file containing the PDF reports and OpenDocument Spreadsheet for the corresponding timeframe.

Publication Schedule

Reports are published 1 month after the end of each quarter and one quarter after the end of each year. The linked document below provides details of forthcoming publications

Quarterly and Annual Report Schedule 2025/26

2024/25

Q4 2024/25

• Greater London 2024/25 Q 4
• Borough Reports 2024/25 Q <a href="https://data.london.gov.uk/download/cha

London had the highest homeless death rate in England and Wales in 2021, at **** homeless deaths per million population. By contrast, East England had the lowest homeless death rate at *** deaths per million population.

Health inequalities are the differences in health and wellbeing, risk or outcomes, between different groups of people. Tackling health inequalities requires knowledge about the factors affecting health. With input from key stakeholders we selected 12 indicators of health and the wider determinants of health which we will monitor over time. These indicators will improve our understanding of health inequalities. Go to Tackling London’s Health Inequalities for more information on the HIS Health Inequalities Strategy and the Indicators. Data and Resources The most recent data for each indicator will be available for download below: Overall measures of health inequality: Slope Index of Inequality for Life Expectancy Healthy Life Expectancy Self-reported wellbeing: Happiness Life Satisfaction Worthwhileness Anxiety More specific measures of health inequality: School Readiness at age 5 Educational Achievement - Percentage of pupils achieving 5 or more GCSEs at grades A*-C (including English and Maths) Antenatal late booking - Percentage of pregnant women booking after 12wks +6 days Flu vaccination proportion of those >65 years and of those at risk Vulnerable road user risk of fatality or serious injury Homelessness Statutory homelessness Homelessness prevention Change in number of rough sleepers Proportion of employees receiving lower income than the London Living Wage Unemployment rates – model-based estimates; proportion of resident population Childhood obesity - Proportion of children aged 4-5 classified as overweight or obese.