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House prices in the UK rose dramatically during the coronavirus pandemic, with growth slowing down in 2022 and turning negative in 2023. The year-on-year annual house price change peaked at 14 percent in July 2022. In April 2025, house prices increased by 3.5 percent. As of late 2024, the average house price was close to 290,000 British pounds. Correction in housing prices: a European phenomenon The trend of a growing residential real estate market was not exclusive to the UK during the pandemic. Likewise, many European countries experienced falling prices in 2023. When comparing residential property RHPI (price index in real terms, e.g. corrected for inflation), countries such as Germany, France, Italy, and Spain also saw prices decline. Sweden, one of the countries with the fastest growing residential markets, saw one of the largest declines in prices. How has demand for UK housing changed since the outbreak of the coronavirus? The easing of the lockdown was followed by a dramatic increase in home sales. In November 2020, the number of mortgage approvals reached an all-time high of over 107,000. One of the reasons for the housing boom were the low mortgage rates, allowing home buyers to take out a loan with an interest rate as low as 2.5 percent. That changed as the Bank of England started to raise the base lending rate, resulting in higher borrowing costs and a decline in homebuyer sentiment.

Netherlands - House price index was 9.50% in June of 2025, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Netherlands - House price index - last updated from the EUROSTAT on November of 2025. Historically, Netherlands - House price index reached a record high of 19.00% in March of 2022 and a record low of -9.00% in September of 2012.

Ireland - House price index (2015 = 100) was 7.70 % year-on-year in June of 2025, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Ireland - House price index (2015 = 100) - last updated from the EUROSTAT on December of 2025. Historically, Ireland - House price index (2015 = 100) reached a record high of 15.00 % year-on-year in March of 2022 and a record low of -0.80 % year-on-year in September of 2020.

The UK house price index (UK HPI) represents changes in the value of UK residential properties (i.e., detached houses, semi-detached houses, terraced houses, flats and maisonettes) and indicates trends in the UK housing market. The UK HPI applies a hedonic regression model that utilises the various sources of data on property price (e.g., HM Land Registry's Price Paid dataset) to allow for a true comparison of UK property prices in each period. The data is sourced from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and HM Land Registry, using house sales data from HM Land Registry, Registers of Scotland, and Land and Property Services Northern Ireland. Forecast data is estimated by IBISWorld, with reference to Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) forecasts submitted in its 'Economic and fiscal outlook – March 2022' publication. The figures are presented with a base month in 2015 (i.e., January 2015 = 100) and are averages of the UK HPI over each financial year (i.e., April-March).

Netherlands - House price index, deflated was 7.30% in June of 2025, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Netherlands - House price index, deflated - last updated from the EUROSTAT on December of 2025. Historically, Netherlands - House price index, deflated reached a record high of 13.60% in March of 2022 and a record low of -10.80% in June of 2023.

In January 2025, the unadjusted consumer price index (CPI) of all items for urban consumers in the United States amounted to about 317.67. The data represents U.S. city averages. The base period was 1982-84=100. The CPI is defined by the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics as “a measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services”. The annual consumer price index for urban consumers in the U.S. can be accessed here. Consumer Price Index The Consumer Price Index (CPI) began in 1919 under the Bureau of Labor Statistics and is published every month. The CPI for all urban consumers includes urban households in Metropolitan Statistical Areas and regions with over 2,500 inhabitants, as well as non-farm consumers living in rural regions. This index was established in 1978 and includes about 80 percent of the U.S. population. The monthly CPI of urban consumers in the United States increased from 292.3 in May 2022 to 304.13 in 2023. Inflation tends not to impact everyone equally for a variety of reasons, including geography - CPI often differs between regions, with a high of 287.49 in the Western region as of 2021. There are also disparities in inflation between income quartiles, in which inflation is generally felt more heavily by lower income households. The annual CPI in the United States has increased steadily over the past two decades, from 140.3 in 1992 to 292.56 in 2022. A forecast of the CPI expects this positive trend to continue, reaching 325.6 by 2027. As of March 2023, the CPI of the nation’s education had increased by 3.5 percent. Further, in the same month costs of recreation, rent, housing, medical care, and food and beverages, gasoline, and transportation increased. Comparatively, the CPI in Hong Kong reached 103.3 in 2022.

The monthly house price index in London has increased since 2015, albeit with fluctuation. In August 2025, the index reached 99.1, which is a slight decrease from the same month in 2024. Nevertheless, prices widely varied in different London boroughs, with Kensington and Chelsea being the priciest boroughs for an apartment purchase.

Key information about United States Nominal Residential Property Price Index Growth

• United States Nominal Residential Property Price Index Growth was reported at 1.664 % in Jun 2025.
• This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.446 % for Mar 2025.
• US Nominal Residential Property Price Index Growth data is updated quarterly, averaging 5.861 % from Mar 1971 to Jun 2025, with 218 observations.
• The data reached an all-time high of 18.304 % in Mar 2022 and a record low of -16.829 % in Dec 2008.
• US Nominal Residential Property Price Index Growth data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank for International Settlements.
• The data is categorized under World Trend Plus’s Association: Property Sector – Table RK.BIS.RPPI: Selected Nominal Residential Property Price Index: 2010=100: Quarterly: YoY %.

After a period of rapid increase, house price growth in the UK has moderated. In 2025, house prices are forecast to increase by ****percent. Between 2025 and 2029, the average house price growth is projected at *** percent. According to the source, home building is expected to increase slightly in this period, fueling home buying. On the other hand, higher borrowing costs despite recent easing of mortgage rates and affordability challenges may continue to suppress transaction activity. Historical house price growth in the UK House prices rose steadily between 2015 and 2020, despite minor fluctuations. In the following two years, prices soared, leading to the house price index jumping by about 20 percent. As the market stood in April 2025, the average price for a home stood at approximately ******* British pounds. Rents are expected to continue to grow According to another forecast, the prime residential market is also expected to see rental prices grow in the next five years. Growth is forecast to be stronger in 2025 and slow slightly until 2029. The rental market in London is expected to follow a similar trend, with Outer London slightly outperforming Central London.

Slovenia - House price index was 5.50% in June of 2025, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Slovenia - House price index - last updated from the EUROSTAT on November of 2025. Historically, Slovenia - House price index reached a record high of 17.00% in March of 2022 and a record low of -12.60% in September of 2009.

In 2022, house price growth in the UK slowed, after a period of decade-long increase. Nevertheless, in June 2025, prices reached a new peak, with the average home costing ******* British pounds. This figure refers to all property types, including detached, semi-detached, terraced houses, and flats and maisonettes. Compared to other European countries, the UK had some of the highest house prices. How have UK house prices increased over the last 10 years? Property prices have risen dramatically over the past decade. According to the UK house price index, the average house price has grown by over ** percent since 2015. This price development has led to the gap between the cost of buying and renting a property to close. In 2023, buying a three-bedroom house in the UK was no longer more affordable than renting one. Consequently, Brits have become more likely to rent longer and push off making a house purchase until they have saved up enough for a down payment and achieved the financial stability required to make the step. What caused the recent fluctuations in house prices? House prices are affected by multiple factors, such as mortgage rates, supply, and demand on the market. For nearly a decade, the UK experienced uninterrupted house price growth as a result of strong demand and a chronic undersupply. Homebuyers who purchased a property at the peak of the housing boom in July 2022 paid ** percent more compared to what they would have paid a year before. Additionally, 2022 saw the most dramatic increase in mortgage rates in recent history. Between December 2021 and December 2022, the **-year fixed mortgage rate doubled, adding further strain to prospective homebuyers. As a result, the market cooled, leading to a correction in pricing.

New housing price index (NHPI). Monthly data are available from January 1981. The table presents data for the most recent reference period and the last four periods. The base period for the index is (201612=100).

European Union - House price index (2015 = 100) was 5.40 % year-on-year in June of 2025, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for European Union - House price index (2015 = 100) - last updated from the EUROSTAT on November of 2025. Historically, European Union - House price index (2015 = 100) reached a record high of 10.50 % year-on-year in March of 2022 and a record low of -1.20 % year-on-year in September of 2023.

Australia’s real house price index increased to ***** in the first quarter of 2025. House prices fluctuated over the reported period compared to the base year of 2015, experiencing a sharp increase throughout 2021, with the country’s house price index peaking in the first quarter of 2022 at *****. Prospective homeowners priced out of the market Recent house price increases reflect the ongoing challenges of housing affordability in Australia. Property prices largely outpace income growth, reigniting discussions about whether the country is stuck in a property bubble, a topic that has been debated for over a decade. The country’s house price-to-income ratio hit ***** in the second quarter of 2024, the highest ratio recorded over the past five years, making it increasingly difficult to get on the property ladder. Unaffordable rental conditions Australia’s rental market has also seen challenges, with the rent price index continuing to climb throughout 2024 into the first quarter of 2025, making the prospect of renting less appealing. As of March 2025, the average weekly house rent price in Sydney stood at *** Australian dollars, the highest across the country’s major cities. Canberra, Darwin, and Perth were the next most expensive markets for house rents, while Hobart was the most affordable capital city for both house and unit rent prices.

Austria - House price index was 2.10% in June of 2025, according to the EUROSTAT. Trading Economics provides the current actual value, an historical data chart and related indicators for Austria - House price index - last updated from the EUROSTAT on December of 2025. Historically, Austria - House price index reached a record high of 14.30% in March of 2022 and a record low of -5.40% in September of 2023.

Property Price Index: Prev Quarter=100: PS: SA: VR: Republic of Marii El data was reported at 104.550 Prev Qtr=100 in Sep 2022. This records a decrease from the previous number of 106.910 Prev Qtr=100 for Jun 2022. Property Price Index: Prev Quarter=100: PS: SA: VR: Republic of Marii El data is updated quarterly, averaging 100.345 Prev Qtr=100 from Mar 2000 to Sep 2022, with 46 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 112.690 Prev Qtr=100 in Mar 2022 and a record low of 86.880 Prev Qtr=100 in Dec 2017. Property Price Index: Prev Quarter=100: PS: SA: VR: Republic of Marii El data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.EF008: Residential Property Price Index: Prev Quarter=100: Primary Sale.