House prices in the UK rose dramatically during the coronavirus pandemic, with growth slowing down in 2022 and turning negative in 2023. The year-on-year annual house price change peaked at 14 percent in July 2022. In April 2025, house prices increased by 3.5 percent. As of late 2024, the average house price was close to 290,000 British pounds. Correction in housing prices: a European phenomenon The trend of a growing residential real estate market was not exclusive to the UK during the pandemic. Likewise, many European countries experienced falling prices in 2023. When comparing residential property RHPI (price index in real terms, e.g. corrected for inflation), countries such as Germany, France, Italy, and Spain also saw prices decline. Sweden, one of the countries with the fastest growing residential markets, saw one of the largest declines in prices. How has demand for UK housing changed since the outbreak of the coronavirus? The easing of the lockdown was followed by a dramatic increase in home sales. In November 2020, the number of mortgage approvals reached an all-time high of over 107,000. One of the reasons for the housing boom were the low mortgage rates, allowing home buyers to take out a loan with an interest rate as low as 2.5 percent. That changed as the Bank of England started to raise the base lending rate, resulting in higher borrowing costs and a decline in homebuyer sentiment.

Housing Index in the United Kingdom increased to 517.10 points in October from 514.20 points in September of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom House Price Index - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The UK housing market continued to show significant regional variations in 2025, with London maintaining its position as the most expensive city for homebuyers. The average house price in the capital stood at ******* British pounds in February, nearly double the national average. However, the market dynamics are shifting, with London experiencing only a modest *** percent annual increase, while other cities like Belfast and Liverpool saw more substantial growth of over **** percent respectively. Affordability challenges and market slowdown Despite the continued price growth in many cities, the UK housing market is facing headwinds. The affordability of mortgage repayments has become the biggest barrier to property purchases, with the majority of the respondents in a recent survey citing it as their main challenge. Moreover, a rising share of Brits have reported affordability as a challenge since 2021, reflecting the impact of rising house prices and higher mortgage rates. The market slowdown is evident in the declining housing transaction volumes, which have plummeted since 2021. European context The stark price differences are mirrored in the broader European context. While London boasts some of the highest property prices among European cities, a comparison of the average transaction price for new homes in different European countries shows a different picture. In 2023, the highest prices were found in Austria, Germany, and France.

Nationwide Housing Prices in the United Kingdom increased to 543.06 points in October from 542.60 points in September of 2025. This dataset provides - United Kingdom Nationwide Housing Prices- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Portugal, Canada, and the United States were the countries with the highest house price to income ratio in 2024. In all three countries, the index exceeded 130 index points, while the average for all OECD countries stood at 116.2 index points. The index measures the development of housing affordability and is calculated by dividing nominal house price by nominal disposable income per head, with 2015 set as a base year when the index amounted to 100. An index value of 120, for example, would mean that house price growth has outpaced income growth by 20 percent since 2015. How have house prices worldwide changed since the COVID-19 pandemic? House prices started to rise gradually after the global financial crisis (2007–2008), but this trend accelerated with the pandemic. The countries with advanced economies, which usually have mature housing markets, experienced stronger growth than countries with emerging economies. Real house price growth (accounting for inflation) peaked in 2022 and has since lost some of the gain. Although, many countries experienced a decline in house prices, the global house price index shows that property prices in 2023 were still substantially higher than before COVID-19. Renting vs. buying In the past, house prices have grown faster than rents. However, the home affordability has been declining notably, with a direct impact on rental prices. As people struggle to buy a property of their own, they often turn to rental accommodation. This has resulted in a growing demand for rental apartments and soaring rental prices.

This dataset contains synthetic data representing key economic indicators and housing market trends in the UK from 2002 to 2023. The dataset includes quarterly data points for the following variables:

Date: Quarterly timestamps from Q1 2002 to Q4 2023. Housing Cost Index: An index representing the general trend in UK housing prices over time. The values are generated to simulate a typical upward trend observed in real estate markets. Interest Rate (%): The Bank of England's base interest rate, represented as a percentage. The values range from 0.5% to 6%, reflecting typical interest rate fluctuations. Inflation Rate (%): The Consumer Price Index (CPI) values, represented as a percentage, ranging from 1% to 5%, simulating typical inflation trends. Employment Levels (000s): The number of employed individuals in the UK, represented in thousands. The data simulates employment levels ranging from 25 million to 35 million. Growth in Wage (%): The average wage growth rate per quarter, represented as a percentage, ranging from 2% to 7%. GDP Growth Rate (%): The quarterly growth rate of the UK's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), represented as a percentage, with values ranging from -2% to 5%, simulating economic growth and contraction periods. This dataset can be used for educational purposes, including time series analysis, regression modeling, and economic research. Please note that the data is synthetic and not derived from actual historical records. It aims to replicate realistic patterns and trends observed in the UK economy and housing market during the specified period.

The UK residential real estate market, valued at £360.27 million in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by several key factors. A consistently strong CAGR of 5.75% indicates a healthy and expanding market over the forecast period (2025-2033). This growth is fueled by increasing urbanization, a growing population, and a persistent demand for housing, particularly in major cities like London. Furthermore, government initiatives aimed at boosting homeownership and infrastructure development contribute positively to market expansion. The market is segmented by property type, with apartments and condominiums, and landed houses and villas representing significant segments. Key players such as Bellway PLC, Barratt Developments PLC, and Berkeley Group dominate the market, while a competitive landscape also includes numerous smaller developers and housing associations. While rising interest rates and construction costs present challenges, the overall outlook remains positive due to the enduring demand and limited housing supply, particularly in desirable areas. However, several factors could influence the market's trajectory. Fluctuations in the national economy, changes in government regulations concerning mortgages and property taxation, and global economic uncertainty could impact buyer confidence and investment. Regional variations also exist, with market dynamics differing across England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Understanding these regional nuances is crucial for targeted investment strategies. The market's resilience will depend on the ability of developers to adapt to changing market conditions and meet evolving consumer preferences for sustainable and energy-efficient housing. The continuous evolution of consumer preferences towards specific types of housing and location preferences will further shape the market's future growth. Recent developments include: May 2023: A UAE-based investment manager, Rasmala Investment Bank, has launched a USD 2bn ( €1.8bn) UK multifamily strategy for a five-year period to build a USD 2bn portfolio of UK residential properties. The strategy is focused on the UK market for multifamily properties through a Shariah-compliant investment vehicle, initially targeting the serviced apartment (SAP) and BTR (build-to-rent) subsectors within and around London. Seeded by Rasmala Group, the strategy is backed by an active investment pipeline for the next 12 – 18 months., November 2022: ValuStrat, a Middle East consulting company, increased its foothold in the UK by acquiring an interest in Capital Value Surveyors, a real estate advisory services company with offices in London. The UK continues to be one of the most established real estate markets worldwide and attracts foreign investors regularly. They are excited to expand their presence there to better serve all of their clients, both in the UK and the Middle East.. Key drivers for this market are: Demand for New Dwellings Units, Government Initiatives are driving the market. Potential restraints include: Demand for New Dwellings Units, Government Initiatives are driving the market. Notable trends are: Increasing in the United Kingdom House Prices.

Housing prices and number of transactions by dwelling type.

House sales not at full market value are excluded.

Ownership of this dataset remains with the Communities and Local Government (CLG). Information can only be reproduced if the source is fully acknowledged.

The Land Registry (LR) and CLG have provided these datasets drawn from the Land Register.

Information on outliers, that is transactions involving a very low or very high price, is included so that users can take their impact into account when using the data.

Available for Middle Layer Super Output Area (MSOA).

NOTE: This data has not been updated since 2009.

See more on the ONS NESS website.

Research in modelling housing market dynamics using agent-based models (ABMs) has grown due to the rise of accessible individual-level data. This research involves forecasting house prices, analysing urban regeneration, and the impact of economic shocks. There is a trend towards using machine learning (ML) algorithms to enhance ABM decision-making frameworks. This study investigates exogenous shocks to the UK housing market and integrates reinforcement learning (RL) to adapt housing market dynamics in an ABM. Results show agents can learn real-time trends and make decisions to manage shocks, achieving goals like adjusting the median house price without pre-determined rules. This model is transferable to other housing markets with similar complexities. The RL agent adjusts mortgage interest rates based on market conditions. Importantly, our model shows how a central bank agent learned conservative behaviours in sensitive scenarios, aligning with a 2009 study, demonstrating emergent behavioural patterns.

Housing Starts in the United Kingdom increased to 29490 units in the second quarter of 2025 from 28780 units in the first quarter of 2025. This dataset provides the latest reported value for - United Kingdom Housing Starts - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

UK bearing housing market forecast to reach 77K tons and $1.6B by 2035. Analysis covers production, consumption, import-export trends, and key supplier and buyer countries.

The aim of this research was a comparative study of the development of and globalisation of real estate markets in three capital cities of Budapest, Prague and Warsaw. The specific objectives of the research are:
to identify the form and inter-relationship between administrative structures/agencies and the operation of the planning and development process at the metropolitan and borough levels;
to identify the means of financing real estate development in central Europe, particularly the role of international institutional and emerging local investors;
to identify the supply side constraints, regional demand-side prospects and national investment processes;
to identify the structure and working processes of the real estate investment market;
to ascertain the changing trend of economic activities, particularly commercial and business, and their spatial and property impacts.

According to Cognitive Market Research, The Global Property Management Service market was estimated at USD 14.5 billion in 2022 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.8% from 2023 to 2030. Rising Demands for SaaS-based Property Management Software to Expand Market Penetration

Subscription-based SaaS solutions benefit companies of all sizes. Businesses increasingly use SaaS solutions to optimize operations by automating workflows and removing manual input. Businesses can also lower the cost and complexity of on-premises deployment by installing SaaS solutions. SaaS software assists large multifamily property management organizations integrate several technologies across their portfolio. In addition, the SaaS model is crucial for multi-vendor device compatibility with legacy systems.

For instance, Planon collaborated with AddOnn in March 2021 to combine AddOnn's SaaS solution with Planon's software platform for building and service digitalization to provide end-to-end solutions to end-users worldwide.

(Source:planonsoftware.com/uk/news/planon-and-addonn-launch-partnership-with-introduction-of-mobile-cleaning-solution/)

Employees in real estate organizations rely on up-to-date information to make vital decisions. SaaS systems allow users to access information from any location and device with internet connectivity. A SaaS platform can help property managers link their property solutions with sophisticated payment services for quick and easy transactions.

Evolving Trends of Workforce Mobility to Strengthen Market Share

Many employees nowadays prefer to work from home rather than in offices, corporate headquarters, or a global company branch. This contributes to the need for flexible access to office resources and data. Besides, organizations are using virtual workplaces to reduce their physical infrastructure requirements to a bare minimum, allowing them to be more flexible and use their office space better. Many businesses seek mobility, workplace, and other integrated facility management solutions. This enables property managers to retain productivity while working with a huge crew. These solutions can be used by associated real estate agents & property managers to maintain track of all the properties they manage and the routine maintenance that needs to be performed on them. As a result, the rising trend of workplace mobility is propelling the property management service industry forward.

For instance, Entrata Inc. reported the integration of Alexa with residential buildings in April 2021. This integration would enable property managers to monitor or set up Alexa-enabled devices in each unit, allowing them to create voice-controlled automated homes.

(Source:www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/entrata-enables-alexa-experience-at-scale-with-amazons-alexa-for-residential-301263114.html)

Market Dynamics of Property Management Service

Integration Complexity and Data Security Concerns to Limit Market Growth

One significant restraint property management software services face is the complexity of integrating with existing systems and databases. Many property management companies already have established tools for accounting, tenant communication, maintenance tracking, and more. Implementing new software solutions can lead to compatibility challenges and difficulties in transferring data seamlessly. Furthermore, as property management software handles sensitive information such as tenant details, financial records, and property documents, ensuring robust data security becomes critical. Any breaches or unauthorized access can lead to legal consequences, financial losses, and company reputation damage.

Impact of COVID-19 on the Property Management Service Market

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the property management service market, introducing shifts in tenant behavior, remote work trends, and economic uncertainties that prompted property managers to adapt their strategies. Lockdowns and travel restrictions decreased demand for short-term rentals, while remote work trends increased the significance of property amenities and flexible leasing options. Property managers incorporated virtual tours, contactless services, and enhanced sanitation measures to address safety concerns. Moreover, the pandemic accelerated the adoption of proptech solutions for remote property monitoring and digital communication, reshap...

The growth of the online short-term rental market, facilitated by platforms such as Airbnb, has added to pressure on cities’ housing supply. Without detailed data on activity levels, it is difficult to design and evaluate appropriate policy interventions. Up until now, the data sources and methods used to derive activity measures have not provided the detail and rigour needed to robustly carry out these tasks. This paper demonstrates an approach based on daily scrapes of the calendars of Airbnb listings. We provide a systematic interpretation of types of calendar activity derived from these scrapes and define a set of indicators of listing activity levels. We exploit a unique period in short-term rental markets during the UK’s first COVID-19 lockdown to demonstrate the value of this approach.

Geneva stands out as Europe's most expensive city for apartment purchases in early 2025, with prices reaching a staggering 15,720 euros per square meter. This Swiss city's real estate market dwarfs even high-cost locations like Zurich and London, highlighting the extreme disparities in housing affordability across the continent. The stark contrast between Geneva and more affordable cities like Nantes, France, where the price was 3,700 euros per square meter, underscores the complex factors influencing urban property markets in Europe. Rental market dynamics and affordability challenges While purchase prices vary widely, rental markets across Europe also show significant differences. London maintained its position as the continent's priciest city for apartment rentals in 2023, with the average monthly costs for a rental apartment amounting to 36.1 euros per square meter. This figure is double the rent in Lisbon, Portugal or Madrid, Spain, and substantially higher than in other major capitals like Paris and Berlin. The disparity in rental costs reflects broader economic trends, housing policies, and the intricate balance of supply and demand in urban centers. Economic factors influencing housing costs The European housing market is influenced by various economic factors, including inflation and energy costs. As of April 2025, the European Union's inflation rate stood at 2.4 percent, with significant variations among member states. Romania experienced the highest inflation at 4.9 percent, while France and Cyprus maintained lower rates. These economic pressures, coupled with rising energy costs, contribute to the overall cost of living and housing affordability across Europe. The volatility in electricity prices, particularly in countries like Italy where rates are projected to reach 153.83 euros per megawatt hour by February 2025, further impacts housing-related expenses for both homeowners and renters.

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Europe Commercial Real Estate Market Size 2025-2029

Europe commercial real estate market size is forecast to increase by USD 91.4 billion at a CAGR of 5.7% between 2024 and 2029. European commercial real estate market is experiencing significant growth, with increasing private investment pouring into the sector. The primary catalyst fueling market growth is the increasing aggregate private investment.This trend is driven by a robust economic environment, favorable demographic shifts, and the ongoing recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Market Size & Forecast

  Market Opportunities: USD 31.78 billion
  Future Opportunities: USD 91.4 billion 
  CAGR : 5.7%  

However, this growth comes with challenges,rising interest rates pose a threat to affordability and profitability, potentially dampening investor enthusiasm and increasing borrowing costs. As a result, companies must navigate this complex landscape by carefully assessing potential investment opportunities, considering alternative financing options, and adapting to changing market conditions. In order to capitalize on the market's potential and mitigate risks, strategic planning and agility will be essential for success.

What will be the size of Europe Commercial Real Estate Market during the forecast period?

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European commercial real estate market continues to evolve, presenting dynamic opportunities across various sectors. Property risk assessment and building inspection reports play crucial roles in mitigating potential hazards, ensuring compliance with safety standards. Property tax appeals and portfolio diversification help investors minimize risk and maximize returns. Facility management services, property valuation techniques, and property value metrics enable effective asset management. Data-driven investment strategies, including transaction closing costs, space planning solutions, and development approval processes, facilitate informed decision-making. Capital expenditure planning, portfolio optimization, operating expense control, lease contract review, energy consumption audits, and commercial lease terms are essential for maintaining profitability.
For instance, the adoption of energy management systems in commercial buildings has led to a 10% average reduction in energy consumption, contributing to cost savings and environmental sustainability. Commercial real estate market is expected to grow by 3% annually, driven by these evolving trends and the ongoing demand for efficient, sustainable, and compliant properties.

How is this Europe Commercial Real Estate Market segmented?

Europe commercial real estate market market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2025-2029,for the following segments.

Type

  Rental
  Lease
  Sales


End-user

  Offices
  Retail
  Leisure
  Others


End-User

  Corporate
  Investment
  Government


Location

  Urban
  Suburban


Geography

  Europe

    France
    Germany
    Italy
    UK

By Type Insights

The rental segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. European commercial real estate market is characterized by dynamic lease renewal negotiations, construction project management, and insurance considerations for green building certification and property refurbishment costs. Zoning regulations compliance and vacancy loss calculations are crucial elements in property acquisition strategy, while property tax optimization and valuation models inform building lifecycle cost analyses. Property management software and tenant occupancy rates are essential for portfolio performance metrics, and market rent surveys guide tenant retention strategies. Portfolio risk management, building code compliance, property data analytics, and rental income projections are integral to asset management strategies. Due diligence processes and capitalization rate analysis are vital during urban planning regulations and space utilization analysis.

In the rental segment, growth is expected to reach over 5% annually, with office rents in the UK, Benelux markets, and peripheral Europe experiencing the highest quarterly growth of 1.8%. However, investment markets remain cautious due to economic uncertainties and rising inflation and finance rates, despite the leasing market's strength and increasing rents. For instance, rental income in the office sector in Paris grew by 3.5% in 2021, reaching €1,122 per square meter per year.

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Market Dynamics

Our researchers analyzed the data with 2024 as the base year, along with the key drivers, trends, and challenges. A holistic analysis of drivers will help companies refine their marketing strategies to gain a competitive advantage.

European commercial real estate market continues to be a significant global investment destina

The European real estate brokerage market, valued at €218.60 million in 2025, is projected to experience steady growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 3.10% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is fueled by several key factors. Increased urbanization across major European cities drives demand for residential and commercial properties, boosting brokerage services. Furthermore, the rise of online platforms and proptech innovations are transforming the industry, offering greater transparency and efficiency in property transactions. The increasing complexity of real estate regulations and the need for expert advice also contribute to the market's expansion. The market is segmented by property type (residential and non-residential) and service offered (sales and rental), with residential sales currently dominating. Major players like Jones Lang LaSalle (JLL), CBRE Group, Colliers International, and Savills hold significant market share, but smaller, specialized firms and online brokers are also gaining traction, fostering increased competition. The market's geographical distribution reflects the economic strength and population density of various European nations, with the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Spain accounting for a substantial portion of the overall market value. Future growth will likely be influenced by macroeconomic conditions, interest rates, and evolving consumer preferences regarding property ownership and rental models. Growth within the European real estate brokerage market will see variations across different segments. The rental segment is expected to experience relatively faster growth compared to the sales segment, driven by increasing preference for rental accommodations, especially among younger demographics. Within the geographic segmentation, countries with robust economic growth and supportive government policies are predicted to showcase higher growth rates than others. The competitive landscape is characterized by both established multinational firms and smaller, nimble companies, with the former leveraging their brand recognition and global networks, while the latter focusing on niche markets and specialized services. Technological advancements will continue reshaping the industry, creating new opportunities while simultaneously presenting challenges for traditional brokerage models. Strategic partnerships and mergers and acquisitions are expected to further consolidate the market. Recent developments include: March 2024: Newmark Group Inc., a commercial real estate advisor, inaugurated its flagship office in Paris, France. The company, known for its services to institutional investors, global corporations, and property owners, appointed industry veterans Francois Blin and Emmanuel Frénot to spearhead the Paris team. Situated at 32 Boulevard Haussmann 75009, in the 9th arrondissement, the office officially opened on March 11, 2024, and is expected to emphasize capital markets and leasing.January 2024: eXp Realty, a luxury real estate brokerage under eXp World Holdings Inc., unveiled the extension of its esteemed luxury real estate initiative, eXp Luxury, into critical European markets. These markets include Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Germany, and Greece. This expansion is expected to bolster eXp Realty's international footprint and reaffirm its dedication to setting new global luxury real estate benchmarks.. Key drivers for this market are: Economic Stability and Growth, Technological Advancements. Potential restraints include: Economic Stability and Growth, Technological Advancements. Notable trends are: Legislative Changes Drive a Surge in French Real Estate Interest Among British Buyers.

The Real Estate Adaptation and Innovation within an integrated Retailing system (REPAIR) project, conducted at the University of Glasgow and University of Sheffield, investigated the changes experienced across the retail cores of five UK cities Edinburgh, Glasgow, Hull, Liverpool and Nottingham between 2000 and 2021. The project examined different aspects of the property market and built environment across four separate work streams.

The primary data stored here relates to Work Package C and was collected via semi-structured interviews with landlords and property professional practitioners managing assets and/or providing other property services to investors. The interviews investigate the implications of the structural changes experienced in recent years in city centre retail markets for owners, investors and developers. The findings explore the issues around redundant and vacant properties, and how investment behaviours and property market practices are adapting. The later interviews also capture the effects of the pandemic on retailing centres.

The retail sector is crucial to the economic health and vitality of towns and cities and is a core component of the national economy, but is experiencing an ongoing period of change and the challenges faced by centres are being met in different ways, with different outcomes. Consumers are behaving, shopping and using urban centres in new and diverse ways and many retailing centres have experienced falling footfall, retailer closures and a rise in empty retail units. In an attempt to reverse the cycle of decline, centres need to be multi-functional places and policy-makers are encouraging more mixed use development. Large-scale mixed-use re-development of obsolete stock, novel temporary land uses, events and public realm works are being used to try to make urban centres more attractive and increase their competitive edge. Yet, not everyone is experiencing the benefits of these changes. Mistrust, tension and conflict can arise from land use changes and become barriers to further renewal and change, limiting the effectiveness of these "town centre first" policies. A recent ESRC-funded study undertaken by researchers at Manchester Metropolitan University blamed these tensions and lack of co-operation as significant contributors to the continued declined of retailing in many centres (Parker, 2015).

This project investigates one of the largest stakeholder groups within the sector. The objectives and behaviour of land and property owners, developers and investors are significant to the use and form of retailing centres. The project explores how ownership and the behaviour of this stakeholder group impact on the sector, by exploring issues around changing ownership and use patterns; innovations in design form; the ability of the industry to respond to change; and the ways the group engages and interacts with other stakeholders in urban centres. Thus, it aims to examine how their expectations, perceptions, practices and co-operation help or limit experimentation with new uses, building types and designs.

The mixed method study, using primary and secondary data, explores issues around: whether retailers and landlords in city centres are becoming more or less diverse; whether new design formats, flexible uses and large scale redevelopments can help struggling centres; the extent to which established practices and procedures in the real estate market encourage or even hinder new uses; and whether stakeholders can work together in better ways for the future health of town and city centres. These issues are examined using five case study cities over the period 1997-2017: Glasgow, Edinburgh, Liverpool, Sheffield and Nottingham.