The East of England accounted for the highest average household electricity consumption in Great Britain in 2022. That year, it added up to 3,720 kilowatt-hours per household. In comparison, households in the North East of England had the lowest average consumption, at 2,906 kilowatt-hours per household. End user consumption of electricity in the UK Despite continual annual declines in consumption since 2005, households have remained the largest electricity end-users in the UK since 2005. In 2020, amidst lockdown measures following the coronavirus outbreak, the gap between domestic and industrial consumption grew even wider. In 2022, domestic electricity consumption in the UK amounted to 96 terawatt-hours, while industrial consumption recorded the lowest figure of the century, at some 85 terawatt-hours. Declining electricity consumption in the UK Electricity consumption in the UK has seen a dramatic decrease in the past two decades, at least partially related to increased efficiency in equipment and distribution. In 2022, consumption from all electricity suppliers in the UK stood at 275 terawatt-hours. Projections indicate that the UK's electricity consumption will resume a growing trend after 2025, to surpass 32 million tons of oil equivalent in 2040.

The consumption of electricity in the United Kingdom has fluctuated on an annual and seasonal basis throughout the period depicted, and indicated a general downward trend. Demand was consistently higher in the winter months, peaking each year in January or December. In April 2024, electricity consumption in the UK amounted to **** terawatt-hours. Domestic users consume the most electricity Although the industrial sector's electricity demand was higher between 1990 and 2005, domestic consumers have since reclaimed their spot as the largest electricity end users in the UK. East and South East England were the regions with the highest domestic electricity consumption in Great Britain, with more than *** megawatt-hours consumed per household in 2022. Declining electricity demand in the UK Electricity consumption in the UK has seen a mostly continual decrease since the turn of the century. After peaking at ***** terawatt hours in 2005, consumption has fallen below *** terawatt hours in 2020. This is despite the UK's population growing by approximately seven million during this period. Projections on electricity consumption in the UK show that the decreasing trend will last until at least 2025.

Household expenditure on energy in the United Kingdom amounted to nearly 100 billion British pounds in 2023, up from roughly 97 billion British pounds in the year prior. In the period in consideration, total household energy expenditure peaked came from 54 billion British pounds in 2020 to almost the double in 2023 when it reached its peak.

This statistic shows annual electricity consumption per square metre in households in England in 2011. On average all households consumed 71 kilowatt-hours per square metre that year. Terraced houses with an end terrace used up the most electricity per square metre, at 81 kilowatt-hours, followed by flats and multiple person households with no dependent children (77 kilowatt-hours per square metre in each case).

The United Kingdom’s demand for electricity has been declining since 2005, standing at 318.65 terawatt-hours in 2024. Factors for this decrease include declining population growth in the country, energy efficiency regulations, energy-efficient lighting, and changing consumer habits. Domestic electricity consumption in the UK Households are the largest electricity end-users in the UK. In fact, domestic consumption is the only sector that registered year-over-year growth over the past few years, reaching 93 terawatt-hours in 2023. Nevertheless, the average domestic electricity consumption varied from region to region. Consumption was highest in the East, South East, and South West of England, each registering an average of more than 3,600 kilowatt-hours per household. Declining electricity generation in the UK Keeping up with the decline in demand, electricity generation in the UK has also been decreasing. In 2023, approximately 293 terawatt-hours were produced, the lowest output in at least three decades. Although electricity generation has been declining, renewable generation has increased significantly. As of 2023, renewables accounted for the largest electricity generation capacity in the UK, and that capacity is forecast to more than double by 2050. By 2025, the use of coal is expected to have been completely phased out.

Measuring and Evaluating Time-use and Electricity-use Relationships (METER) is a project collecting and depositing data on UK household electricity use, activities and other contextual and demographic information. METER seeks to improve our understanding of household electricity use, it's timing, flexibility and societal importance.

This study is subject to restrictive Secure Access conditions as it contains an additional detailed activities variable. The End User Licence (EUL) version which is the same, but excludes this detailed variable, is available from the UK Data Service under SN 8634. Users are advised to first obtain the standard EUL version of the data to see if they are sufficient for their research requirements.

By combining high-resolution household electricity readings with simultaneous activity records of household members, METER data provides a platform for new analytical insights. These include among others a more detailed understanding of socio-technical drivers behind:

• high and low electrical consumption
• high peak time consumption
• ability to respond to the load shifting interventions
• impact of interventions on individuals
• trends in electricity user over time and in response to the adoption of new technologies and social practices

Data was recorded from February 2016 to January 2019. This deposit includes 264 electricity records (28 hours each) with 16378 coded activities from 529 people.

Further information about the study can be found on the project website, on its' Gateway to Research webpage and on its' GitHub webpage.

Energy consumption readings for a sample of 5,567 London Households that took part in the UK Power Networks led Low Carbon London project between November 2011 and February 2014.

Readings were taken at half hourly intervals. Households have been allocated to a CACI Acorn group (2010). The customers in the trial were recruited as a balanced sample representative of the Greater London population.

The dataset contains energy consumption, in kWh (per half hour), unique household identifier, date and time, and CACI Acorn group. The CSV file is around 10GB when unzipped and contains around 167million rows.

Within the data set are two groups of customers. The first is a sub-group, of approximately 1100 customers, who were subjected to Dynamic Time of Use (dToU) energy prices throughout the 2013 calendar year period. The tariff prices were given a day ahead via the Smart Meter IHD (In Home Display) or text message to mobile phone. Customers were issued High (67.20p/kWh), Low (3.99p/kWh) or normal (11.76p/kWh) price signals and the times of day these applied. The dates/times and the price signal schedule is availaible as part of this dataset. All non-Time of Use customers were on a flat rate tariff of 14.228pence/kWh.

The signals given were designed to be representative of the types of signal that may be used in the future to manage both high renewable generation (supply following) operation and also test the potential to use high price signals to reduce stress on local distribution grids during periods of stress.

The remaining sample of approximately 4500 customers energy consumption readings were not subject to the dToU tariff.

More information can be found on the Low Carbon London webpage

Some analysis of this data can be seen here.

The data describes an electrical energy community, containing photovoltaic (PV) production profiles and end-user consumption profiles, desegregated by individual appliances used.

A dataset of a residential community was constructed based on real data, where sample consumption and photovoltaic generation profiles were attributed to 50 residential households and a public building (municipal library), a total of 51 buildings. The data concerns a full year.

The overall power consumption of these houses was desegregated into the consumption of 10 commonly used appliances using real energy profiles.

This work has been published in Elsevier's Data in Brief journal:
Calvin Goncalves, Ruben Barreto, Pedro Faria, Luis Gomes, Zita Vale,
Dataset of an energy community's generation and consumption with appliance allocation,
Data in Brief, Volume 45, 2022, 108590, ISSN 2352-3409,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2022.108590
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352340922007971)

Reference data used to create this dataset:

• Renewable energy production profiles: https://site.ieee.org/pes-iss/data-sets/

• End-user profiles:
  • https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/smartmeter-energy-use-data-in-london-households
  • https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/datasets/individual+household+electric+power+consumption
  • https://site.ieee.org/pes-iss/data-sets/

time

Energy consumption readings for a sample of 5,567 London Households that took part in the UK Power Networks led Low Carbon London project between November 2011 and February 2014.

Readings were taken at half hourly intervals. The customers in the trial were recruited as a balanced sample representative of the Greater London population.

The dataset contains energy consumption, in kWh (per half hour), unique household identifier, date and time. The CSV file is around 10GB when unzipped and contains around 167million rows.

Within the data set are two groups of customers. The first is a sub-group, of approximately 1100 customers, who were subjected to Dynamic Time of Use (dToU) energy prices throughout the 2013 calendar year period. The tariff prices were given a day ahead via the Smart Meter IHD (In Home Display) or text message to mobile phone. Customers were issued High (67.20p/kWh), Low (3.99p/kWh) or normal (11.76p/kWh) price signals and the times of day these applied. The dates/times and the price signal schedule is availaible as part of this dataset. All non-Time of Use customers were on a flat rate tariff of 14.228pence/kWh.

The signals given were designed to be representative of the types of signal that may be used in the future to manage both high renewable generation (supply following) operation and also test the potential to use high price signals to reduce stress on local distribution grids during periods of stress.

The remaining sample of approximately 4500 customers energy consumption readings were not subject to the dToU tariff.

More information can be found on the Low Carbon London webpage

Some analysis of this data can be seen here.

The UK's energy use by industry (SIC 2007 group - around 130 categories), source (for example, industrial and domestic combustion, aircraft, road transport and so on - around 80 categories) and fuel (for example, anthracite, peat, natural gas and so on - around 20 categories), 1990 to 2023.

Data showing the counts and average consumption of domestic energy consumption in Plymouth.

Domestic energy consumption fell significantly in 2022 and 2023. More than **** of that energy consumed by households was used for space heating, which was the segment that decreased the most in the past years. Water heating and appliances also made up a significant share of the energy consumed by households. In 2023, residential buildings were among the subsegments responsible for the most greenhouse gas emissions in the UK.