The number of U.S. home sales in the United States declined in 2024, after soaring in 2021. A total of four million transactions of existing homes, including single-family, condo, and co-ops, were completed in 2024, down from 6.12 million in 2021. According to the forecast, the housing market is forecast to head for recovery in 2025, despite transaction volumes expected to remain below the long-term average. Why have home sales declined? The housing boom during the coronavirus pandemic has demonstrated that being a homeowner is still an integral part of the American dream. Nevertheless, sentiment declined in the second half of 2022 and Americans across all generations agreed that the time was not right to buy a home. A combination of factors has led to house prices rocketing and making homeownership unaffordable for the average buyer. A survey among owners and renters found that the high home prices and unfavorable economic conditions were the two main barriers to making a home purchase. People who would like to purchase their own home need to save up a deposit, have a good credit score, and a steady and sufficient income to be approved for a mortgage. In 2022, mortgage rates experienced the most aggressive increase in history, making the total cost of homeownership substantially higher. Are U.S. home prices expected to fall? The median sales price of existing homes stood at 413,000 U.S. dollars in 2024 and was forecast to increase slightly until 2026. The development of the S&P/Case Shiller U.S. National Home Price Index shows that home prices experienced seven consecutive months of decline between June 2022 and January 2023, but this trend reversed in the following months. Despite mild fluctuations throughout the year, home prices in many metros are forecast to continue to grow, albeit at a much slower rate.

The US residential real estate market, a cornerstone of the American economy, is projected to experience steady growth over the next decade. While the provided CAGR of 2.04% is a modest figure, it reflects a market maturing after a period of significant expansion. This sustained growth is driven by several key factors. Firstly, population growth and urbanization continue to fuel demand for housing, particularly in densely populated areas and emerging suburban markets. Secondly, low interest rates (historically, though this can fluctuate) have made mortgages more accessible, stimulating buyer activity. Thirdly, a robust construction sector, though facing challenges in material costs and labor shortages, is gradually increasing the housing supply, mitigating some of the upward pressure on prices. However, challenges remain. Rising inflation and potential interest rate hikes pose a risk to affordability, potentially dampening demand. Furthermore, the ongoing evolution of remote work is reshaping residential preferences, with a shift toward larger homes in suburban or exurban locations. This trend impacts the relative demand for various property types, potentially increasing the appeal of landed houses and villas compared to apartments and condominiums in certain regions. The segmentation of the market into apartments/condominiums and landed houses/villas provides crucial insights into consumer preferences and investment strategies. High-density urban areas will continue to see strong demand for apartments and condos, while suburban and rural areas are likely to experience a greater increase in landed property sales. Major players like Simon Property Group, Mill Creek Residential, and others are strategically adapting to these trends, focusing on both development and management across various property types and geographic locations. Analyzing regional data within the US (e.g., comparing growth in the Northeast versus the Southwest) will highlight market nuances and potential investment opportunities. While the global data provided is valuable for understanding broader market forces, focusing the analysis on the US market allows for a more granular understanding of the specific drivers, trends, and challenges within this significant segment of the real estate sector. The forecast period (2025-2033) suggests continued, albeit measured, expansion. Recent developments include: May 2022: Resource REIT Inc. completed the sale of all of its outstanding shares of common stock to Blackstone Real Estate Income Trust Inc. for USD 14.75 per share in an all-cash deal valued at USD 3.7 billion, including the assumption of the REIT's debt., February 2022: The largest owner of commercial real estate in the world and private equity company Blackstone is growing its portfolio of residential rentals and commercial properties in the United States. The company revealed that it would shell out about USD 6 billion to buy Preferred Apartment Communities, an Atlanta-based real estate investment trust that owns 44 multifamily communities and roughly 12,000 homes in the Southeast, mostly in Atlanta, Nashville, Charlotte, North Carolina, and the Florida cities of Jacksonville, Orlando, and Tampa.. Key drivers for this market are: Investment Plan Towards Urban Rail Development. Potential restraints include: Italy’s Fragmented Approach to Tenders. Notable trends are: Existing Home Sales Witnessing Strong Growth.

The average sales price of new homes in the United States experienced a slight decrease in 2024, dropping to 512,2000 U.S. dollars from the peak of 521,500 U.S. dollars in 2022. This decline came after years of substantial price increases, with the average price surpassing 400,000 U.S. dollars for the first time in 2021. The recent cooling in the housing market reflects broader economic trends and changing consumer sentiment towards homeownership. Factors influencing home prices and affordability The rapid rise in home prices over the past few years has been driven by several factors, including historically low mortgage rates and increased demand during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the market has since slowed down, with the number of home sales declining by over two million between 2021 and 2023. This decline can be attributed to rising mortgage rates and decreased affordability. The Housing Affordability Index hit a record low of 98.1 in 2023, indicating that the median-income family could no longer afford a median-priced home. Future outlook for the housing market Despite the recent cooling, experts forecast a potential recovery in the coming years. The Freddie Mac House Price Index showed a growth of 6.5 percent in 2023, which is still above the long-term average of 4.4 percent since 1990. However, homebuyer sentiment remains low across all age groups, with people aged 45 to 64 expressing the most pessimistic outlook. The median sales price of existing homes is expected to increase slightly until 2025, suggesting that affordability challenges may persist in the near future.

Key information about House Prices Growth

• US house prices grew 5.2% YoY in Dec 2024, following an increase of 5.4% YoY in the previous quarter.
• YoY growth data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 1992 to Dec 2024, with an average growth rate of 5.4%.
• House price data reached an all-time high of 17.7% in Sep 2021 and a record low of -12.4% in Dec 2008.

CEIC calculates House Prices Growth from quarterly House Price Index. Federal Housing Finance Agency provides House Price Index with base January 1991=100.

Graph and download economic data for Median Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States (MSPUS) from Q1 1963 to Q1 2025 about sales, median, housing, and USA.

The U.S. residential real estate market, while exhibiting a relatively modest Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 2.04%, reveals a dynamic landscape influenced by several key factors. The market size in 2025 is estimated to be significant, given the historical data (2019-2024) and current market conditions. Strong drivers include sustained population growth, particularly in desirable urban and suburban areas, increasing household formations among millennials and Gen Z, and ongoing demand for housing across various property types. The preference for apartments and condominiums continues to be a significant segment, driven by urbanization and lifestyle choices. Conversely, landed houses and villas maintain robust demand, especially in specific regions and among those seeking larger living spaces and more privacy. While a precise market size for 2025 isn't provided, extrapolating from a reasonable assumption of a multi-trillion-dollar market and a 2.04% CAGR suggests a substantial figure. Market trends point towards a continued, albeit measured, growth trajectory. Factors such as rising interest rates and inflation exert some restraint on market expansion, potentially tempering the pace of price appreciation. However, these challenges are offset by the limited housing inventory in many areas, causing sustained competition and upward pressure on prices. The competitive landscape includes major players like Simon Property Group, Mill Creek Residential, and other prominent firms, underscoring the robust and well-established nature of this sector. While the provided regional data is incomplete for Latin America, a national perspective reveals a highly fragmented market, with regional variations in growth rates and price fluctuations depending on local economic conditions, demographics, and job markets. This dynamic interplay of factors suggests a resilient, though not explosive, future for the U.S. residential real estate market in the forecast period (2025-2033). This in-depth report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Residential Real Estate Market in the United States, covering market dynamics, growth trends, dominant segments, and key players. With a study period spanning 2019-2033, a base year of 2025, and a forecast period of 2025-2033, this report offers invaluable insights for industry professionals, investors, and stakeholders seeking to navigate this dynamic market. The report analyzes the market across various segments, including Apartments and Condominiums, and Landed Houses and Villas, providing detailed market sizing in million units. Parent Market: US Real Estate Market Child Market: Residential Real Estate Recent developments include: May 2022: Resource REIT Inc. completed the sale of all of its outstanding shares of common stock to Blackstone Real Estate Income Trust Inc. for USD 14.75 per share in an all-cash deal valued at USD 3.7 billion, including the assumption of the REIT's debt., February 2022: The largest owner of commercial real estate in the world and private equity company Blackstone is growing its portfolio of residential rentals and commercial properties in the United States. The company revealed that it would shell out about USD 6 billion to buy Preferred Apartment Communities, an Atlanta-based real estate investment trust that owns 44 multifamily communities and roughly 12,000 homes in the Southeast, mostly in Atlanta, Nashville, Charlotte, North Carolina, and the Florida cities of Jacksonville, Orlando, and Tampa.. Key drivers for this market are: Investment Plan Towards Urban Rail Development. Potential restraints include: Italy’s Fragmented Approach to Tenders. Notable trends are: Existing Home Sales Witnessing Strong Growth.

The U.S. housing market continues to evolve, with the median home price forecast to reach 426,000 U.S. dollars by the second quarter of 2026. This projection comes after a period of significant growth and recent fluctuations, reflecting the complex interplay of economic factors affecting the real estate sector. The rising costs have not only impacted home prices, but also down payments, with the median down payment more than doubling since 2012. Regional variations in housing costs Home prices and down payments vary dramatically across the United States. While the national median down payment stood at approximately 26,700 U.S. dollars in early 2024, homebuyers in states like California, Massachusetts, and Hawaii faced down payments exceeding 74,000 U.S. dollars. This disparity highlights the challenges of homeownership in high-cost markets and underscores the importance of location in determining housing affordability. Market dynamics and future outlook The housing market has shown signs of cooling after years of rapid growth, with more modest price increases of 4.8 percent in 2022 and 6.5 percent in 2023. This slowdown can be attributed in part to rising mortgage rates, which have tempered demand. Despite these challenges, most states continued to see year-over-year price growth in the fourth quarter of 2023, with Rhode Island and Vermont leading the pack at over 13 percent appreciation. As the market adjusts to new economic realities, potential homebuyers and investors alike will be watching closely for signs of stabilization or renewed growth in the coming years.

The U.S. residential real estate market, while exhibiting a moderate Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 2.04%, presents a complex picture for 2025-2033. The market size, though not explicitly stated, can be reasonably estimated based on existing market reports and considering factors like population growth, economic conditions, and mortgage interest rates. Assuming a current market value in the trillions, a 2.04% CAGR suggests a steady, albeit not explosive, growth trajectory. Key drivers include increasing urbanization, a growing millennial population entering homeownership, and ongoing demand for specific property types like apartments and condominiums in urban centers. However, this growth faces constraints such as rising construction costs, limited housing inventory in certain areas, and fluctuating interest rates that can impact affordability and buyer confidence. The market segmentation reveals strong demand for apartments and condominiums, driven by younger demographics and preferences for urban living, while landed houses and villas maintain appeal among families and higher-income buyers. Leading companies such as Simon Property Group, Mill Creek Residential, and others, leverage their expertise in development, brokerage, and property management to navigate these market dynamics. Regional variations are expected, with certain states likely experiencing stronger growth than others due to job market trends, population shifts, and local economic conditions. Further analysis suggests that understanding the interplay between these drivers and restraints is critical to predicting future market performance. The increasing use of technology in real estate, from online property listings to virtual tours, is changing the landscape, influencing buyer behavior and efficiency. Government policies and regulations pertaining to housing affordability and construction also exert considerable influence. The forecast period will likely witness a continuation of these trends, potentially with increased competition among firms, innovation in housing design, and ongoing adjustments to market pricing based on economic fluctuations. Sustained, albeit moderate, growth remains a realistic projection, underpinned by the fundamental drivers of population growth and the ongoing need for housing. Recent developments include: May 2022: Resource REIT Inc. completed the sale of all of its outstanding shares of common stock to Blackstone Real Estate Income Trust Inc. for USD 14.75 per share in an all-cash deal valued at USD 3.7 billion, including the assumption of the REIT's debt., February 2022: The largest owner of commercial real estate in the world and private equity company Blackstone is growing its portfolio of residential rentals and commercial properties in the United States. The company revealed that it would shell out about USD 6 billion to buy Preferred Apartment Communities, an Atlanta-based real estate investment trust that owns 44 multifamily communities and roughly 12,000 homes in the Southeast, mostly in Atlanta, Nashville, Charlotte, North Carolina, and the Florida cities of Jacksonville, Orlando, and Tampa.. Key drivers for this market are: Investment Plan Towards Urban Rail Development. Potential restraints include: Italy’s Fragmented Approach to Tenders. Notable trends are: Existing Home Sales Witnessing Strong Growth.

Graph and download economic data for Average Sales Price of Houses Sold for the United States (ASPUS) from Q1 1963 to Q1 2025 about sales, housing, and USA.

The number of home sales in the United States peaked in 2021 at almost seven million after steadily rising since 2018. Nevertheless, the market contracted in the following year, with transaction volumes falling to 4.8 million. Home sales remained muted in 2024, with a mild increase expected in 2025 and 2026. A major factor driving this trend is the unprecedented increase in mortgage interest rates due to high inflation. How have U.S. home prices developed over time? The average sales price of new homes has also been rising since 2011. Buyer confidence seems to have recovered after the property crash, which has increased demand for homes and also the prices sellers are demanding for homes. At the same time, the affordability of U.S. homes has decreased. Both the number of existing and newly built homes sold has declined since the housing market boom during the coronavirus pandemic. Challenges in housing supply The number of housing units in the U.S. rose steadily between 1975 and 2005 but has remained fairly stable since then. Construction increased notably in the 1990s and early 2000s, with the number of construction starts steadily rising, before plummeting amid the infamous housing market crash. Housing starts slowly started to pick up in 2011, mirroring the economic recovery. In 2022, the supply of newly built homes plummeted again, as supply chain challenges following the COVID-19 pandemic and tariffs on essential construction materials such as steel and lumber led to prices soaring.

Turkey experienced the highest annual change in house prices in 2024, followed by Bulgaria and Russia. In the fourth quarter of the year, the nominal house price in Turkey grew by **** percent, while in Bulgaria and Russia, the increase was ** and ** percent, respectively. Meanwhile, many countries saw prices fall throughout the year. That has to do with an overall cooling of the global housing market that started in 2022. When accounting for inflation, house price growth was slower, and even more countries saw the market shrink.

Affordable Housing Market was valued at USD 210.41 Billion in 2022 and is anticipated to project robust growth in the forecast period with a CAGR of 8.78% through 2028.

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Market Size
Forecast Market Size
CAGR
Fastest Growing Segment
Largest Market
Key Players

Global house prices experienced a significant shift in 2022, with advanced economies seeing a notable decline after a prolonged period of growth. The real house price index (adjusted for inflation) for advanced economies peaked at nearly *** index points in early 2022 before falling to around ****** points by the fourth quarter of 2024. This represents a reversal of the upward trend that had characterized the housing market for roughly a decade. Conversely, real house prices in emerging economies resumed growing, after a brief correction in the second half of 2022. What is behind the slowdown? Inflation and slow economic growth have been the primary drivers for the cooling of the housing market. Secondly, the growing gap between incomes and house prices since 2012 has decreased the affordability of homeownership. Last but not least, homebuyers in 2024 faced dramatically higher mortgage interest rates, further contributing to worsening sentiment and declining transactions. Some markets continue to grow While many countries witnessed a deceleration in house price growth in 2022, some markets continued to see substantial increases. Turkey, in particular, stood out with a nominal increase in house prices of over ** percent in the first quarter of 2024. Other countries that recorded a two-digit growth include Russia and the United Arab Emirates. When accounting for inflation, the three countries with the fastest growing residential prices in early 2024 were the United Arab Emirates, Poland, and Bulgaria.

The vacancy rate of housing in Germany has been decreasing in recent years. In 2022, approximately 2.5 percent of residential units in Germany were vacant. For comparison, in 2009, the vacancy rate was 3.7 percent.

House Price Index YoY in the United States decreased to 3.70 percent in March from 3.90 percent in February of 2025. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States FHFA House Price Index YoY.

In 2022, Salt Lake City, Utah, was the hottest market for Generation Z home buyers in the United States. Gen Zers in Salt Lake City were responsible for over nine percent of mortgage requests in that metropolitan area. According to the source, affordability plays a role in choosing a home: The average loan amount in the most popular housing markets was between roughly 198,000 and 340,000 U.S. dollars. In 2021, the median price of a single-family home stood between 350,000 U.S. dollars and 538,000 U.S. dollars, depending on the region.

Key information about House Prices Growth

• Romania house prices grew 7.0% YoY in Sep 2022, following an increase of 8.5% YoY in the previous quarter.
• YoY growth data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2010 to Sep 2022, with an average growth rate of 3.0%.
• House price data reached an all-time high of 8.5% in Jun 2022 and a record low of -17.1% in Dec 2011.

CEIC calculates House Prices Growth from quarterly Residential Property Price Index. The National Institute of Statistics provides Residential Property Price Index with base 2015=100. House Prices Growth covers Residential Settlements only. House Prices Growth prior to Q1 2017 is calculated from Residential Property Price Index with base 2009=100.

Key information about House Prices Growth

• Russia house prices grew 11.8% YoY in Dec 2022, following an increase of 16.1% YoY in the previous quarter.
• YoY growth data is updated quarterly, available from Mar 2006 to Dec 2022, with an average growth rate of 5.1%.
• House price data reached an all-time high of 54.4% in Dec 2006 and a record low of -11.1% in Dec 2009.

CEIC calculates House Prices Growth from quarterly Residential Property Price Index at Secondary Sales Market. Federal State Statistics Service provides Residential Property Price Index at Secondary Sales Market with base Same Quarter Previous Year=100.

House price growth slowed down in many countries worldwide in 2022 compared to the year before. Conversely, in Turkey, Vietnam, Russia, Sri Lanka, Georgia, and Mexico, house prices continued to grow. Adjusted for inflation, the annual house price increase in Turkey measured a staggering 63 percent. In the United States, on the other hand, price growth felt from 10.5 percent to 1.2 percent. In 2022, mortgage interest rates, increased overall in response to rising inflation and economic instability.