Global house prices experienced a significant shift in 2022, with advanced economies seeing a notable decline after a prolonged period of growth. The real house price index (adjusted for inflation) for advanced economies peaked at nearly *** index points in early 2022 before falling to around ****** points by the fourth quarter of 2024. This represents a reversal of the upward trend that had characterized the housing market for roughly a decade. Conversely, real house prices in emerging economies resumed growing, after a brief correction in the second half of 2022. What is behind the slowdown? Inflation and slow economic growth have been the primary drivers for the cooling of the housing market. Secondly, the growing gap between incomes and house prices since 2012 has decreased the affordability of homeownership. Last but not least, homebuyers in 2024 faced dramatically higher mortgage interest rates, further contributing to worsening sentiment and declining transactions. Some markets continue to grow While many countries witnessed a deceleration in house price growth in 2022, some markets continued to see substantial increases. Turkey, in particular, stood out with a nominal increase in house prices of over ** percent in the first quarter of 2024. Other countries that recorded a two-digit growth include Russia and the United Arab Emirates. When accounting for inflation, the three countries with the fastest growing residential prices in early 2024 were the United Arab Emirates, Poland, and Bulgaria.

House prices in the UK rose dramatically during the coronavirus pandemic, with growth slowing down in 2022 and turning negative in 2023. The year-on-year annual house price change peaked at 14 percent in July 2022. In April 2025, house prices increased by 3.5 percent. As of late 2024, the average house price was close to 290,000 British pounds. Correction in housing prices: a European phenomenon The trend of a growing residential real estate market was not exclusive to the UK during the pandemic. Likewise, many European countries experienced falling prices in 2023. When comparing residential property RHPI (price index in real terms, e.g. corrected for inflation), countries such as Germany, France, Italy, and Spain also saw prices decline. Sweden, one of the countries with the fastest growing residential markets, saw one of the largest declines in prices. How has demand for UK housing changed since the outbreak of the coronavirus? The easing of the lockdown was followed by a dramatic increase in home sales. In November 2020, the number of mortgage approvals reached an all-time high of over 107,000. One of the reasons for the housing boom were the low mortgage rates, allowing home buyers to take out a loan with an interest rate as low as 2.5 percent. That changed as the Bank of England started to raise the base lending rate, resulting in higher borrowing costs and a decline in homebuyer sentiment.

This is not going to be an article or Op-Ed about Michael Jordan. Since 2009 we've been in the longest bull-market in history, that's 11 years and counting. However a few metrics like the stock market P/E, the call to put ratio and of course the Shiller P/E suggest a great crash is coming in-between the levels of 1929 and the dot.com bubble. Mean reversion historically is inevitable and the Fed's printing money experiment could end in disaster for the stock market in late 2021 or 2022. You can read Jeremy Grantham's Last Dance article here. You are likely well aware of Michael Burry's predicament as well. It's easier for you just to skim through two related videos on this topic of a stock market crash. Michael Burry's Warning see this YouTube. Jeremy Grantham's Warning See this YouTube. Typically when there is a major event in the world, there is a crash and then a bear market and a recovery that takes many many months. In March, 2020 that's not what we saw since the Fed did some astonishing things that means a liquidity sloth and the risk of a major inflation event. The pandemic represented the quickest decline of at least 30% in the history of the benchmark S&P 500, but the recovery was not correlated to anything but Fed intervention. Since the pandemic clearly isn't disappearing and many sectors such as travel, business travel, tourism and supply chain disruptions appear significantly disrupted - the so-called economic recovery isn't so great. And there's this little problem at the heart of global capitalism today, the stock market just keeps going up. Crashes and corrections typically occur frequently in a normal market. But the Fed liquidity and irresponsible printing of money is creating a scenario where normal behavior isn't occurring on the markets. According to data provided by market analytics firm Yardeni Research, the benchmark index has undergone 38 declines of at least 10% since the beginning of 1950. Since March, 2020 we've barely seen a down month. September, 2020 was flat-ish. The S&P 500 has more than doubled since those lows. Look at the angle of the curve: The S&P 500 was 735 at the low in 2009, so in this bull market alone it has gone up 6x in valuation. That's not a normal cycle and it could mean we are due for an epic correction. I have to agree with the analysts who claim that the long, long bull market since 2009 has finally matured into a fully-fledged epic bubble. There is a complacency, buy-the dip frenzy and general meme environment to what BigTech can do in such an environment. The weight of Apple, Amazon, Alphabet, Microsoft, Facebook, Nvidia and Tesla together in the S&P and Nasdaq is approach a ridiculous weighting. When these stocks are seen both as growth, value and companies with unbeatable moats the entire dynamics of the stock market begin to break down. Check out FANG during the pandemic. BigTech is Seen as Bullet-Proof me valuations and a hysterical speculative behavior leads to even higher highs, even as 2020 offered many younger people an on-ramp into investing for the first time. Some analysts at JP Morgan are even saying that until retail investors stop charging into stocks, markets probably don’t have too much to worry about. Hedge funds with payment for order flows can predict exactly how these retail investors are behaving and monetize them. PFOF might even have to be banned by the SEC. The risk-on market theoretically just keeps going up until the Fed raises interest rates, which could be in 2023! For some context, we're more than 1.4 years removed from the bear-market bottom of the coronavirus crash and haven't had even a 5% correction in nine months. This is the most over-priced the market has likely ever been. At the night of the dot-com bubble the S&P 500 was only 1,400. Today it is 4,500, not so many years after. Clearly something is not quite right if you look at history and the P/E ratios. A market pumped with liquidity produces higher earnings with historically low interest rates, it's an environment where dangerous things can occur. In late 1997, as the S&P 500 passed its previous 1929 peak of 21x earnings, that seemed like a lot, but nothing compared to today. For some context, the S&P 500 Shiller P/E closed last week at 38.58, which is nearly a two-decade high. It's also well over double the average Shiller P/E of 16.84, dating back 151 years. So the stock market is likely around 2x over-valued. Try to think rationally about what this means for valuations today and your favorite stock prices, what should they be in historical terms? The S&P 500 is up 31% in the past year. It will likely hit 5,000 before a correction given the amount of added liquidity to the system and the QE the Fed is using that's like a huge abuse of MMT, or Modern Monetary Theory. This has also lent to bubbles in the housing market, crypto and even commodities like Gold with long-term global GDP meeting many headwinds in the years ahead due to a...

The median house price of residential real estate in California has increased notably since 2012. After a brief correction in property prices in 2022, the median price reached ******* U.S. dollars in December 2023.

After growing by about ** percent in 2921, Sweden's house prices started to decrease in the second half of 2022. The correction was the strongest in the final quarter of the year. As of the third quarter of 2023, the year-on-year decline was **** percent. When accounting for inflation, the decrease was even higher, at eight percent.

The UK real estate services industry, valued at approximately £32.45 billion in 2025, is projected to experience steady growth, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.00% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is driven by several factors. Increasing urbanization and population growth in key UK cities fuel demand for both residential and commercial properties, stimulating the need for property management, valuation, and other related services. Furthermore, the ongoing development of innovative technologies, such as proptech solutions improving efficiency and transparency in property transactions, contributes to market expansion. Government initiatives aimed at boosting housing supply and infrastructure development also play a significant role in shaping industry growth. However, economic uncertainties, including interest rate fluctuations and potential market corrections, could pose challenges to the industry’s trajectory. The segmentation within the UK market reflects this diversity, with residential property services likely holding the largest share, followed by commercial properties. The "Other Services" segment encompasses a variety of specialized offerings, likely experiencing growth proportional to the overall market expansion. Competition among established players like Hammerson, British Land, and Rightmove, alongside smaller firms and niche players, remains intense, driving innovation and efficiency within the sector. The regional distribution of market share within the UK is likely skewed towards London and the South East, given their high property values and transaction volumes. However, significant growth potential exists in other regions fueled by infrastructure projects and investment in new housing developments. The presence of large housing associations like Bridgewater and Sanctuary indicates a substantial social housing component influencing the overall market dynamics. The forecast period (2025-2033) suggests continued, albeit moderate, expansion, indicative of a maturing but still dynamic market. The industry's long-term outlook hinges on effective adaptation to technological advancements, economic stability, and consistent government policy support for housing and infrastructure projects. Recent developments include: January 2023: United Kingdom Sotheby's Property Business Acquired by the Dubai Branch of Sotheby's. UK Sotheby International Realty was previously owned by Robin Paterson, who sold the business to his business partner and affiliate, George Azar. George Azar currently holds and operates Sotheby's Dubai and the MENA region., November 2022: JLL identified a shortage of quality rental homes as a long-term problem for the UK, which the recent boom in rentals has accentuated. This unmet need for quality rental homes has led to continued investor interest in purpose-built rental properties in UK city centers. JLL reported that annual investment in UK living real estate reached £10bn (USD 12.73 bn) in Q3 2022, setting living on track for another record year.. Key drivers for this market are: Improvements in Infrastructure and New Development, Population Growth and Demographic Changes. Potential restraints include: Improvements in Infrastructure and New Development, Population Growth and Demographic Changes. Notable trends are: Increasing in the United Kingdom House Prices.

This table provides an overview of the average sales price paid in the reporting period for existing owner-occupied homes purchased by a private individual. The average sales price may show a different development than the Price Index for Existing Owner-occupied Homes (PBK). The average purchase price is not an indicator for the price development of owner-occupied homes. The average purchase price reflects the average price of homes sold in a specific period. Because different homes are sold every period, any different characteristics of the sold homes are not taken into account. An example to explain the problems this entails: Suppose in February of a year mainly large canal houses with a garden were sold, while in March many small townhouses changed hands. As a result, the average purchase price in February will be higher than in March, but this does not mean that house prices have risen. See Section 3 for a link to the article 'Why the average purchase price is not a house price indicator'. Data available from: 1995 Status of the figures: The figures in this table are immediately definitive. The calculation of these figures is based on the number of notary transactions established each month by the Kadaster. A revision of the figures only takes place in exceptional cases, namely only if there is a significant error outside the usual statistical margins. The average sales prices of existing owner-occupied homes can also be calculated by the Kadaster at a later date. Usually these figures are the same as the publication on Statline, but they differ from each other in some periods. In these cases, Kadaster uses the most up-to-date figures. These may have changed since the first publication. Statistics Netherlands uses figures from the first publication in accordance with the above revision policy. Changes as of February 23, 2022 Correction: The average sales prices of the municipalities of Bloemendaal and Blaricum in 2021 were incorrectly displayed. The last digit (7th position) was missing for these municipalities. These figures have been added. Changes as of February 15, 2023 Figures average sales prices of the municipalities year 2022 added. When will new numbers come out? The new figures will be published approximately one to three months after the year under review.

In 2022, house price growth in the UK slowed, after a period of decade-long increase. Nevertheless, in March 2025, prices reached a new peak, with the average home costing ******* British pounds. This figure refers to all property types, including detached, semi-detached, terraced houses, and flats and maisonettes. Compared to other European countries, the UK had some of the highest house prices. How have UK house prices increased over the last 10 years? Property prices have risen dramatically over the past decade. According to the UK house price index, the average house price has grown by over ** percent since 2015. This price development has led to the gap between the cost of buying and renting a property to close. In 2023, buying a three-bedroom house in the UK was no longer more affordable than renting one. Consequently, Brits have become more likely to rent longer and push off making a house purchase until they have saved up enough for a down payment and achieved the financial stability required to make the step. What caused the recent fluctuations in house prices? House prices are affected by multiple factors, such as mortgage rates, supply, and demand on the market. For nearly a decade, the UK experienced uninterrupted house price growth as a result of strong demand and a chronic undersupply. Homebuyers who purchased a property at the peak of the housing boom in July 2022 paid ** percent more compared to what they would have paid a year before. Additionally, 2022 saw the most dramatic increase in mortgage rates in recent history. Between December 2021 and December 2022, the **-year fixed mortgage rate doubled, adding further strain to prospective homebuyers. As a result, the market cooled, leading to a correction in pricing.

In 2023, mortgage interest rates in Canada increased for all types of mortgages. The interest rate for fixed mortgage interest rates for five years and more doubled, from 2.38 percent to 5.52 percent between December 2021 and December 2023. The higher borrowing costs led to the housing market contracting in 2022 and corrections of the property prices across the country.

Rent prices per square meter in the largest Dutch cities have been on an upward trend after a slight decline in 2020. Amsterdam remained the most expensive city to live in, averaging a monthly rent of 27.6 euros per square meter for residential real estate in the private rental sector. Monthly rents in Utrecht were around six euros cheaper per square meter. Both cities were above the average rent price of residential property in the Netherlands overall, whereas Rotterdam and The Hague were slightly below that. Buying versus renting, what do the Dutch prefer? The Netherlands is one of Europe’s leading countries when it comes to homeownership, having funded this with a mortgage. In 2023, around 60 percent of people living in the Netherlands were homeowners with a mortgage. This is because Dutch homeowners were able to for many years to deduct interest paid from pre-tax income (a system known in the Netherlands as hypotheekrenteaftrek). This resulted in the Netherlands having one of the largest mortgage debts across the European continent. Total mortgage debt of Dutch households reached a value of approximately 803 billion euros in 2023. Is the Dutch housing market overheating? There are several indicators for the Netherlands that allow to investigate whether the housing market is overheating or not. House price indices corrected for inflation in the Netherlands suggest, for example, that prices have declined since 2022. The Netherlands’ house-price-to-rent-ratio, on the other hand, has exceeded the pre-crisis level in 2019. These figures, however, are believed to be significantly higher for cities like Amsterdam, as it was suggested for a long time that the prices of owner-occupied houses were increasing faster than rents in the private rental sector.

In response to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic and its anticipated effects on the residential real estate market, the Cook County Assessor will adjust residential assessments. This data can be used to replicate residential COVID adjustments. Code can be located on GitLab. See data notes for link. NOTE that the 'adjusted values' in this data will not necessarily be consistent with each individual PIN's final assessment. To get the final assessment for an individual PIN, please visit www.cookcountyassessor.com.

The MSL composite price index measures the development of house prices in Canada since 2005. House prices rose dramatically in 2021, with the house price index spiking from 252 index points to 324 index points - an increase of 72 index points. In 2022, a correction followed, and the index fell to 299.4 index points, followed by a minor increase to 301.5 index points

Commercial property prices in the U.S. plateaued in 2024 after declining in 2023. Between 2014 and 2021, commercial real estate prices nearly doubled, with the index reaching ***** index points. Following a slowdown in the market, the index declined, falling to ***** index points. Despite the correction, this indicated an increase of almost ** percent in prices since 2010, which was the baseline year for the index. How have prices of different property types developed over the past years? After more than a decade of uninterrupted growth, office real estate prices started to decline in 2022, reflecting a decline in occupier demand and a tougher lending environment. Industrial real estate prices, which have grown rapidly over the past few years, also experienced a correction in late 2022. Retail real estate prices displayed most resilience amid the difficult economic environment, with the equal weighed repeat sales index remaining stable. How much is invested in new commercial properties? The value of commercial real estate construction has been on the rise since 2010 in the United States. This trend mirrors the recovery seen across all economic sectors after the 2007-2009 recession. However, investment volumes in commercial property vary by type, with private office space, warehouses, and retails reading the pack.

The average resale house price in Canada was forecast to reach nearly ******* Canadian dollars in 2026, according to a January forecast. In 2024, house prices increased after falling for the first time since 2019. One of the reasons for the price correction was the notable drop in transaction activity. Housing transactions picked up in 2024 and are expected to continue to grow until 2026. British Columbia, which is the most expensive province for housing, is projected to see the average house price reach *** million Canadian dollars in 2026. Affordability in Vancouver Vancouver is the most populous city in British Columbia and is also infamously expensive for housing. In 2023, the city topped the ranking for least affordable housing market in Canada, with the average homeownership cost outweighing the average household income. There are a multitude of reasons for this, but most residents believe that foreigners investing in the market cause the high housing prices. Victoria housing market The capital of British Columbia is Victoria, where housing prices are also very high. The price of a single family home in Victoria's most expensive suburb, Oak Bay was *** million Canadian dollars in 2024.

Spain ES: Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Transport data was reported at 111.730 2021=100 in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 112.150 2021=100 for 2022. Spain ES: Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Transport data is updated yearly, averaging 90.841 2021=100 from Dec 2002 (Median) to 2023, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 112.150 2021=100 in 2022 and a record low of 65.474 2021=100 in 2002. Spain ES: Consumer Price Index (CPI): Local Source Base Year: Transport data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Spain – Table ES.OECD.MEI: Consumer Price Index: COICOP 1999: OECD Member: Annual. The index measures monthly changes in the general level of prices of goods and services bought by private households for consumption purposes. Types of prices: Retail prices, including sales taxes and other taxes, and price reductions (since January 2002) but excludes special offers and deferred payments. Price collection methods: Some prices are centrally collected (for cars, petrol, tobacco, telephone service, etc.) but most of them are collected by personal visits to retail outlets. Treatment of Rentals for Housing: Only Actual rentals for housing are included. No imputed prices are considered. Treatment of Owner-Occupied Housing: Excluded. Treatment of missing prices: When a price observation is temporarily unavailable in a given month, its price is imputed basing on the price movement of similar products within the same geographic area. If the price is permanently unavailable then a replacement item is selected. Treatment of quality changes: Several techniques are used to make a quality adjustment when a qualitative difference between the new and the old variety is observed. Examples of the quality adjustment methods used for the CPI are the Total quality adjustment, Adjustment for identical quality, Imputed prices, Production costs, Overlapping prices, Hedonic techniques and other types of methods. Introduction of new items: Since January 2002 the list of products is reviewed every year. Seasonal items: Fresh fruit and vegetable prices are collected only for the months in season. They have a different monthly basket and item weights vary from month to month. Prices and weights are combined in a moving average of the last twelve months.; Index series starts in January 2002

The CoStar Commercial Repeat-Sales Index (CCRSI) for office real estate in the United States fell slightly from the previous quarter in all regions except for the West as of March 2024. The index measures the development of sales prices of office properties, with 2000 chosen as a base year. An index value of *** means that sales prices have doubled since 2000. In March 2024, the index value was the highest for West offices, amounting to *** index points. Overall, the U.S. offices market started to experience a correction in 2022, with prices for high-value properties in the core plummeting.

The average mix-adjusted house price in London, England, peaked in August 2022, followed by a slight correction in 2023. In June 2024, the average house price amounted to about ******* British pounds, up from ******* British pounds a year ago. These recent fluctuations have also been observed by other measures, such as the house price index. The house price index is an important measure for the residential real estate market and is used to show changes in the value of residential properties.

Observations from the MSL housing price index that measures the development of house prices in Canada since 2005 show single-family house prices increased year-on-year, with the exception of a couple of slight corrections in 2008, 2018, and 2022. The index value was set to 100 index points in January 2005 and as of December 2022, it reached ***** index points. A similar trend can be seen in the apartment price index and the composite housing price index in Canada over the same period of time.

The MSL apartment price index measures the development of apartment prices in Canada since 2005. Apartment prices in Canada plateaued between in 2022 and 2023, following a spike in 2021. The index value was set to 100 index points in January 2005 and as of December 2023, the apartment housing price index reached ***** index points. Single family housing and townhouse prices followed a similar trend. Nevertheless, these markets experienced a drop in 2022, whereas the apartment market remained unaffected by the price correction.