Brazil recorded a Government Debt to GDP of 76.50 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2024. This dataset provides - Brazil Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

External Debt in Brazil increased to 746604.82 USD Million in the first quarter of 2025 from 718861.63 USD Million in the fourth quarter of 2024. This dataset provides - Brazil External Debt - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Brazil External Debt: Net data was reported at -27.092 USD bn in Sep 2022. This records an increase from the previous number of -38.491 USD bn for Jun 2022. Brazil External Debt: Net data is updated quarterly, averaging 2.502 USD bn from Mar 1987 (Median) to Sep 2022, with 120 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 190.475 USD bn in Jun 2000 and a record low of -96.589 USD bn in Jun 2018. Brazil External Debt: Net data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.FD001: External Debt. The statistics of the external debt comprises the total received on a certain date, the contractual debts effectively disbursed and not yet settled, from residents with non-residents, where there is an obligation to pay principal and / or interest. It is considered short-term debt that one whose maturity is equal to or less than 360 days, and long-term debt the one that exceeds this limit. Starting in June 2001, the Central Bank of Brazil, aiming at the improvement of statistics on the Brazilian foreign debt, decided to separate the values related to inter-companies loans, which were classified as direct investment in the country, as well as the relative to the principal installments of foreign loans overdue more than 120 days. According to the Brazilian Central Bank, the external debt registered and unregistered started to be released as the total gross external debt following a concept in accordance with international standards. A estatística da dívida externa compreende o total apurado em determinada data, dos débitos contratuais efetivamente desembolsados e ainda não quitados, de residentes com não residentes, onde haja a obrigatoriedade de pagamento de principal e/ou juros. Considera-se dívida de curto prazo aquela cujo vencimento é igual ou inferior a 360 dias, e de longo prazo aquela que ultrapasse este limite. A partir de junho de 2001, o Banco Central do Brasil, objetivando o aperfeiçoamento das estatísticas sobre a dívida externa brasileira, decidiu separar do seu total os valores relacionados a empréstimos Inter companhias, que foram classificados como investimento direto no País, bem como os relativos a parcelas de principal de operações de crédito externo vencidas há mais de 120 dias. De acordo com o Banco Central do Brasil, a dívida externa registrada e não registrada começou a ser publicada como a dívida externa bruta total seguindo um conceito de acordo com as normas internacionais.

The yield on Brazil 10Y Bond Yield eased to 13.99% on July 30, 2025, marking a 0.12 percentage point decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has edged up by 0.49 points and is 2.01 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Brazil 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on July of 2025.

Brazil External Debt Ratio: External Public Sector Debt to Total Debt data was reported at 36.003 % in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 36.629 % for Dec 2024. Brazil External Debt Ratio: External Public Sector Debt to Total Debt data is updated quarterly, averaging 41.611 % from Dec 1995 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 118 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 85.400 % in Jun 1998 and a record low of 31.915 % in Mar 2004. Brazil External Debt Ratio: External Public Sector Debt to Total Debt data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.FD015: Gross External Debt: External Indebtedness Indicators. The statistics of the external debt comprises the total received on a certain date, the contractual debts effectively disbursed and not yet settled, from residents with non-residents, where there is an obligation to pay principal and / or interest. It is considered short-term debt that one whose maturity is equal to or less than 360 days, and long-term debt the one that exceeds this limit. Starting in June 2001, the Central Bank of Brazil, aiming at the improvement of statistics on the Brazilian foreign debt, decided to separate the values related to inter-companies loans, which were classified as direct investment in the country, as well as the relative to the principal installments of foreign loans overdue more than 120 days. According to the Brazilian Central Bank, the external debt registered and unregistered started to be released as the total gross external debt following a concept in accordance with international standards. A estatística da dívida externa compreende o total apurado em determinada data, dos débitos contratuais efetivamente desembolsados e ainda não quitados, de residentes com não residentes, onde haja a obrigatoriedade de pagamento de principal e/ou juros. Considera-se dívida de curto prazo aquela cujo vencimento é igual ou inferior a 360 dias, e de longo prazo aquela que ultrapasse este limite. A partir de junho de 2001, o Banco Central do Brasil, objetivando o aperfeiçoamento das estatísticas sobre a dívida externa brasileira, decidiu separar do seu total os valores relacionados a empréstimos Inter companhias, que foram classificados como investimento direto no País, bem como os relativos a parcelas de principal de operações de crédito externo vencidas há mais de 120 dias. De acordo com o Banco Central do Brasil, a dívida externa registrada e não registrada começou a ser publicada como a dívida externa bruta total seguindo um conceito de acordo com as normas internacionais.

Brazil Gross External Debt: Monetary Authority: Long Term: Loans data was reported at 0.000 USD mn in Mar 2019. This stayed constant from the previous number of 0.000 USD mn for Dec 2018. Brazil Gross External Debt: Monetary Authority: Long Term: Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 0.000 USD mn from Dec 2001 (Median) to Mar 2019, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 34.051 USD bn in Sep 2003 and a record low of 0.000 USD mn in Mar 2019. Brazil Gross External Debt: Monetary Authority: Long Term: Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table BR.FD005: Gross External Debt: by Debtor Institutional Sector. The statistics of the external debt comprises the total received on a certain date, the contractual debts effectively disbursed and not yet settled, from residents with non-residents, where there is an obligation to pay principal and / or interest. It is considered short-term debt that one whose maturity is equal to or less than 360 days, and long-term debt the one that exceeds this limit. Starting in June 2001, the Central Bank of Brazil, aiming at the improvement of statistics on the Brazilian foreign debt, decided to separate the values related to inter-companies loans, which were classified as direct investment in the country, as well as the relative to the principal installments of foreign loans overdue more than 120 days. According to the Brazilian Central Bank, the external debt registered and unregistered started to be released as the total gross external debt following a concept in accordance with international standards. A estatística da dívida externa compreende o total apurado em determinada data, dos débitos contratuais efetivamente desembolsados e ainda não quitados, de residentes com não residentes, onde haja a obrigatoriedade de pagamento de principal e/ou juros. Considera-se dívida de curto prazo aquela cujo vencimento é igual ou inferior a 360 dias, e de longo prazo aquela que ultrapasse este limite. A partir de junho de 2001, o Banco Central do Brasil, objetivando o aperfeiçoamento das estatísticas sobre a dívida externa brasileira, decidiu separar do seu total os valores relacionados a empréstimos Inter companhias, que foram classificados como investimento direto no País, bem como os relativos a parcelas de principal de operações de crédito externo vencidas há mais de 120 dias. De acordo com o Banco Central do Brasil, a dívida externa registrada e não registrada começou a ser publicada como a dívida externa bruta total seguindo um conceito de acordo com as normas internacionais.

Brazil Gross External Debt: BPM6: General Government: Long Term: Loans data was reported at 36.969 USD bn in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 36.247 USD bn for Dec 2024. Brazil Gross External Debt: BPM6: General Government: Long Term: Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 26.337 USD bn from Dec 2001 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 94 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 36.969 USD bn in Mar 2025 and a record low of 16.744 USD bn in Mar 2006. Brazil Gross External Debt: BPM6: General Government: Long Term: Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table BR.FD006: Gross External Debt: by Debtor Institutional Sector. The statistics of the external debt comprises the total received on a certain date, the contractual debts effectively disbursed and not yet settled, from residents with non-residents, where there is an obligation to pay principal and / or interest. It is considered short-term debt that one whose maturity is equal to or less than 360 days, and long-term debt the one that exceeds this limit. Starting in June 2001, the Central Bank of Brazil, aiming at the improvement of statistics on the Brazilian foreign debt, decided to separate the values related to inter-companies loans, which were classified as direct investment in the country, as well as the relative to the principal installments of foreign loans overdue more than 120 days. According to the Brazilian Central Bank, the external debt registered and unregistered started to be released as the total gross external debt following a concept in accordance with international standards. A estatística da dívida externa compreende o total apurado em determinada data, dos débitos contratuais efetivamente desembolsados e ainda não quitados, de residentes com não residentes, onde haja a obrigatoriedade de pagamento de principal e/ou juros. Considera-se dívida de curto prazo aquela cujo vencimento é igual ou inferior a 360 dias, e de longo prazo aquela que ultrapasse este limite. A partir de junho de 2001, o Banco Central do Brasil, objetivando o aperfeiçoamento das estatísticas sobre a dívida externa brasileira, decidiu separar do seu total os valores relacionados a empréstimos Inter companhias, que foram classificados como investimento direto no País, bem como os relativos a parcelas de principal de operações de crédito externo vencidas há mais de 120 dias. De acordo com o Banco Central do Brasil, a dívida externa registrada e não registrada começou a ser publicada como a dívida externa bruta total seguindo um conceito de acordo com as normas internacionais.

Brazil Gross External Debt: Banks: Long Term: Debt Securities data was reported at 21.720 USD bn in Mar 2019. This records an increase from the previous number of 15.013 USD bn for Dec 2018. Brazil Gross External Debt: Banks: Long Term: Debt Securities data is updated quarterly, averaging 22.849 USD bn from Dec 2001 (Median) to Mar 2019, with 70 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 49.901 USD bn in Mar 2012 and a record low of 11.690 USD bn in Sep 2005. Brazil Gross External Debt: Banks: Long Term: Debt Securities data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table BR.FD005: Gross External Debt: by Debtor Institutional Sector. The statistics of the external debt comprises the total received on a certain date, the contractual debts effectively disbursed and not yet settled, from residents with non-residents, where there is an obligation to pay principal and / or interest. It is considered short-term debt that one whose maturity is equal to or less than 360 days, and long-term debt the one that exceeds this limit. Starting in June 2001, the Central Bank of Brazil, aiming at the improvement of statistics on the Brazilian foreign debt, decided to separate the values related to inter-companies loans, which were classified as direct investment in the country, as well as the relative to the principal installments of foreign loans overdue more than 120 days. According to the Brazilian Central Bank, the external debt registered and unregistered started to be released as the total gross external debt following a concept in accordance with international standards. A estatística da dívida externa compreende o total apurado em determinada data, dos débitos contratuais efetivamente desembolsados e ainda não quitados, de residentes com não residentes, onde haja a obrigatoriedade de pagamento de principal e/ou juros. Considera-se dívida de curto prazo aquela cujo vencimento é igual ou inferior a 360 dias, e de longo prazo aquela que ultrapasse este limite. A partir de junho de 2001, o Banco Central do Brasil, objetivando o aperfeiçoamento das estatísticas sobre a dívida externa brasileira, decidiu separar do seu total os valores relacionados a empréstimos Inter companhias, que foram classificados como investimento direto no País, bem como os relativos a parcelas de principal de operações de crédito externo vencidas há mais de 120 dias. De acordo com o Banco Central do Brasil, a dívida externa registrada e não registrada começou a ser publicada como a dívida externa bruta total seguindo um conceito de acordo com as normas internacionais.

Brazil External Debt Ratio: Net External Debt: Quarters of Exports data was reported at -0.300 Ratio in Mar 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of -0.400 Ratio for Dec 2017. Brazil External Debt Ratio: Net External Debt: Quarters of Exports data is updated quarterly, averaging 1.700 Ratio from Dec 1970 (Median) to Mar 2018, with 115 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.600 Ratio in Jun 1997 and a record low of -0.400 Ratio in Dec 2017. Brazil External Debt Ratio: Net External Debt: Quarters of Exports data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.FD014: Gross External Debt: External Indebtedness Indicators. The statistics of the external debt comprises the total received on a certain date, the contractual debts effectively disbursed and not yet settled, from residents with non-residents, where there is an obligation to pay principal and / or interest. It is considered short-term debt that one whose maturity is equal to or less than 360 days, and long-term debt the one that exceeds this limit. Starting in June 2001, the Central Bank of Brazil, aiming at the improvement of statistics on the Brazilian foreign debt, decided to separate the values related to inter-companies loans, which were classified as direct investment in the country, as well as the relative to the principal installments of foreign loans overdue more than 120 days. According to the Brazilian Central Bank, the external debt registered and unregistered started to be released as the total gross external debt following a concept in accordance with international standards. A estatística da dívida externa compreende o total apurado em determinada data, dos débitos contratuais efetivamente desembolsados e ainda não quitados, de residentes com não residentes, onde haja a obrigatoriedade de pagamento de principal e/ou juros. Considera-se dívida de curto prazo aquela cujo vencimento é igual ou inferior a 360 dias, e de longo prazo aquela que ultrapasse este limite. A partir de junho de 2001, o Banco Central do Brasil, objetivando o aperfeiçoamento das estatísticas sobre a dívida externa brasileira, decidiu separar do seu total os valores relacionados a empréstimos Inter companhias, que foram classificados como investimento direto no País, bem como os relativos a parcelas de principal de operações de crédito externo vencidas há mais de 120 dias. De acordo com o Banco Central do Brasil, a dívida externa registrada e não registrada começou a ser publicada como a dívida externa bruta total seguindo um conceito de acordo com as normas internacionais.

Brazil Gross External Debt: Other Sectors: Short Term: Loans data was reported at 18.540 USD bn in Mar 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 17.401 USD bn for Dec 2024. Brazil Gross External Debt: Other Sectors: Short Term: Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 2.561 USD bn from Dec 2001 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 94 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 18.540 USD bn in Mar 2025 and a record low of 1.034 USD mn in Mar 2013. Brazil Gross External Debt: Other Sectors: Short Term: Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table BR.FD006: Gross External Debt: by Debtor Institutional Sector. The statistics of the external debt comprises the total received on a certain date, the contractual debts effectively disbursed and not yet settled, from residents with non-residents, where there is an obligation to pay principal and / or interest. It is considered short-term debt that one whose maturity is equal to or less than 360 days, and long-term debt the one that exceeds this limit. Starting in June 2001, the Central Bank of Brazil, aiming at the improvement of statistics on the Brazilian foreign debt, decided to separate the values related to inter-companies loans, which were classified as direct investment in the country, as well as the relative to the principal installments of foreign loans overdue more than 120 days. According to the Brazilian Central Bank, the external debt registered and unregistered started to be released as the total gross external debt following a concept in accordance with international standards. A estatística da dívida externa compreende o total apurado em determinada data, dos débitos contratuais efetivamente desembolsados e ainda não quitados, de residentes com não residentes, onde haja a obrigatoriedade de pagamento de principal e/ou juros. Considera-se dívida de curto prazo aquela cujo vencimento é igual ou inferior a 360 dias, e de longo prazo aquela que ultrapasse este limite. A partir de junho de 2001, o Banco Central do Brasil, objetivando o aperfeiçoamento das estatísticas sobre a dívida externa brasileira, decidiu separar do seu total os valores relacionados a empréstimos Inter companhias, que foram classificados como investimento direto no País, bem como os relativos a parcelas de principal de operações de crédito externo vencidas há mais de 120 dias. De acordo com o Banco Central do Brasil, a dívida externa registrada e não registrada começou a ser publicada como a dívida externa bruta total seguindo um conceito de acordo com as normas internacionais.

Brazil BR: External Debt: Average Interest on New External Debt Commitments: Private data was reported at 6.593 % in 2018. This records an increase from the previous number of 4.121 % for 2017. Brazil BR: External Debt: Average Interest on New External Debt Commitments: Private data is updated yearly, averaging 8.479 % from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.312 % in 1981 and a record low of 1.065 % in 2015. Brazil BR: External Debt: Average Interest on New External Debt Commitments: Private data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Terms and Undisbursed Debt. Interest represents the average interest rate on all new public and publicly guaranteed loans contracted during the year. To obtain the average, the interest rates for all public and publicly guaranteed loans have been weighted by the amounts of the loans. Debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Weighted average;

Brazil BR: External Debt: Average Grace Period on New External Debt Commitments: Private data was reported at 10.561 Year in 2018. This records a decrease from the previous number of 11.155 Year for 2017. Brazil BR: External Debt: Average Grace Period on New External Debt Commitments: Private data is updated yearly, averaging 4.377 Year from Dec 1970 (Median) to 2018, with 49 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 17.175 Year in 2016 and a record low of 2.032 Year in 1986. Brazil BR: External Debt: Average Grace Period on New External Debt Commitments: Private data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Brazil – Table BR.World Bank.WDI: External Debt: Terms and Undisbursed Debt. Grace period is the period from the date of signature of the loan or the issue of the financial instrument to the first repayment of principal. To obtain the average, the grace periods for all public and publicly guaranteed loans have been weighted by the amounts of the loans. Debt from private creditors include bonds that are either publicly issued or privately placed; commercial bank loans from private banks and other private financial institutions; and other private credits from manufacturers, exporters, and other suppliers of goods, and bank credits covered by a guarantee of an export credit agency.; ; World Bank, International Debt Statistics.; Weighted average;

Brazil Gross External Debt: Memo: Outstanding Debt Payable in Goods: Include Intercompany Loans data was reported at 156.623 USD bn in Mar 2019. This records a decrease from the previous number of 162.172 USD bn for Dec 2018. Brazil Gross External Debt: Memo: Outstanding Debt Payable in Goods: Include Intercompany Loans data is updated quarterly, averaging 131.494 USD bn from Dec 2009 (Median) to Mar 2019, with 31 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 162.172 USD bn in Dec 2018 and a record low of 51.505 USD bn in Dec 2009. Brazil Gross External Debt: Memo: Outstanding Debt Payable in Goods: Include Intercompany Loans data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Brazil. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Government and Public Finance – Table BR.FD005: Gross External Debt: by Debtor Institutional Sector. The statistics of the external debt comprises the total received on a certain date, the contractual debts effectively disbursed and not yet settled, from residents with non-residents, where there is an obligation to pay principal and / or interest. It is considered short-term debt that one whose maturity is equal to or less than 360 days, and long-term debt the one that exceeds this limit. Starting in June 2001, the Central Bank of Brazil, aiming at the improvement of statistics on the Brazilian foreign debt, decided to separate the values related to inter-companies loans, which were classified as direct investment in the country, as well as the relative to the principal installments of foreign loans overdue more than 120 days. According to the Brazilian Central Bank, the external debt registered and unregistered started to be released as the total gross external debt following a concept in accordance with international standards. A estatística da dívida externa compreende o total apurado em determinada data, dos débitos contratuais efetivamente desembolsados e ainda não quitados, de residentes com não residentes, onde haja a obrigatoriedade de pagamento de principal e/ou juros. Considera-se dívida de curto prazo aquela cujo vencimento é igual ou inferior a 360 dias, e de longo prazo aquela que ultrapasse este limite. A partir de junho de 2001, o Banco Central do Brasil, objetivando o aperfeiçoamento das estatísticas sobre a dívida externa brasileira, decidiu separar do seu total os valores relacionados a empréstimos Inter companhias, que foram classificados como investimento direto no País, bem como os relativos a parcelas de principal de operações de crédito externo vencidas há mais de 120 dias. De acordo com o Banco Central do Brasil, a dívida externa registrada e não registrada começou a ser publicada como a dívida externa bruta total seguindo um conceito de acordo com as normas internacionais.

Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Income: Outward: USD: Total: Brazil data was reported at -3.311 USD mn in 2023. This records a decrease from the previous number of 2.082 USD mn for 2022. Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Income: Outward: USD: Total: Brazil data is updated yearly, averaging -1.270 USD mn from Dec 2013 (Median) to 2023, with 11 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 2.082 USD mn in 2022 and a record low of -7.832 USD mn in 2020. Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Income: Outward: USD: Total: Brazil data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Czech Republic – Table CZ.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment Income: USD: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment: Netting of reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) and reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is not applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDi transactions and positions. Such cases have never been observed. Treatment of debt FDI transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: directional basis according to the residency of the direct investor. Resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) do not exist or are not significant and are recorded as zero in the FDI database. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for inward and outward debt positions: Nominal value.; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Inward FDI positions according to the ultimate counterparty (the ultimate investing country) are also available and publishable. In the dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary', inward FDI positions are showed according to the UIC. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Framework for Direct Investment Relationships (FDIR) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered. Collective investment institutions are covered as direct investment enterprises. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI positions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Statistical unit: Enterprise.

Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Position: Inward: Total: Brazil data was reported at -10.222 CZK mn in 2023. This stayed constant from the previous number of -10.222 CZK mn for 2022. Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Position: Inward: Total: Brazil data is updated yearly, averaging 49.653 CZK mn from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2023, with 7 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 488.909 CZK mn in 2021 and a record low of -10.222 CZK mn in 2023. Czech Republic CZ: Foreign Direct Investment Position: Inward: Total: Brazil data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Czech Republic – Table CZ.OECD.FDI: Foreign Direct Investment Position: by Region and Country: OECD Member: Annual. Reverse investment: Netting of reverse investment in equity (when a direct investment enterprise acquires less than 10% equity ownership in its parent) and reverse investment in debt (when a direct investment enterprise extends a loan to its parent) is not applied in the recording of total inward and outward FDi transactions and positions. Such cases have never been observed. Treatment of debt FDI transactions and positions between fellow enterprises: directional basis according to the residency of the direct investor. Resident Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) do not exist or are not significant and are recorded as zero in the FDI database. Valuation method used for listed inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for unlisted inward and outward equity positions: Own funds at book value. Valuation method used for inward and outward debt positions: Nominal value.; FDI statistics are available by geographic allocation, vis-à-vis single partner countries worldwide and geographical and economic zones aggregates. Partner country allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Geographic allocation of inward and outward FDI transactions and positions is according to the immediate counterparty. Inward FDI positions according to the ultimate counterparty (the ultimate investing country) are also available and publishable. In the dataset 'FDI statistics by parner country and by industry - Summary', inward FDI positions are showed according to the UIC. Intercompany debt between related financial intermediaries, including permanent debt, are excluded from FDI transactions and positions. Direct investment relationships are identified according to the criteria of the Framework for Direct Investment Relationships (FDIR) method. Debt between fellow enterprises are completely covered. Collective investment institutions are covered as direct investment enterprises. FDI statistics are available by industry sectors according to ISIC4 classification. Industry sector allocation can be subject to confidentiality restrictions. Inward FDI transactions and positions are allocated to the activity of the resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI transactions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Outward FDI positions are allocated according to the activity of the non resident direct investment enterprise. Statistical unit: Enterprise.