Germany Commodity Price: Energy Resources: WTI Crude Oil data was reported at 59.417 USD/Barrel in 01 Dec 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 59.384 USD/Barrel for 28 Nov 2025. Germany Commodity Price: Energy Resources: WTI Crude Oil data is updated daily, averaging 57.984 USD/Barrel from Jan 2013 (Median) to 01 Dec 2025, with 3275 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 124.851 USD/Barrel in 08 Mar 2022 and a record low of 10.145 USD/Barrel in 21 Apr 2020. Germany Commodity Price: Energy Resources: WTI Crude Oil data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Deutsche Börse Group. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.P: Commodity Prices. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

This study examines Kuwait’s stock market sectors’ response to the 2020 dual shock of the COVID-19 pandemic and the oil price war between Russia and Saudi Arabia. Traditional cointegration and causality models support the analysis alongside the frequency domain to assess short-run dynamics. The research sample integrates daily data from December 31, 2015, to February 23, 2022. The core research findings indicate that the consumer services, industrials, and basic materials sectors were the most affected by fluctuations in oil prices, highlighting the vulnerability of Kuwait’s oil-dependent economy. Furthermore, the results from the econometric modelling reveal a significant long-run relationship with the West Texas Intermediate index (WTI) and short-run dynamics with the Brent, OPEC and Dubai oil benchmarks. At the global level, monitoring the impact of shocks in commodity-driven economies can help in designing policies that minimise the effects of systemic risks, affecting energy supply chains and inflation stability. This research advances the field by providing a multi-methodological analysis integrating traditional and efficient econometric models to assess sectoral sensitivities in the context of Kuwait, which is an understudied oil-exporting economy. The research findings offer valuable insights for investors and policy-makers in managing risks associated with oil price fluctuations during times of enhanced uncertainty.

Chile Commodity Prices: Avg: Crude Oil: WTI data was reported at 68.000 USD/Barrel in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 71.250 USD/Barrel for Feb 2025. Chile Commodity Prices: Avg: Crude Oil: WTI data is updated monthly, averaging 34.400 USD/Barrel from May 1983 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 503 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 133.930 USD/Barrel in Jun 2008 and a record low of 11.300 USD/Barrel in Dec 1998. Chile Commodity Prices: Avg: Crude Oil: WTI data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Central Bank of Chile. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Chile – Table CL.P005: Crude Oil Price. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

This data is built for learning, to get insight and to solve infectious diseases pandemic and also to discover a way to predict the effect of the outbreak on the Nigeria economy.

This data is built from data sourced from Nigeria Centre for Disease Control daily situation report, World Health Organisation COVID-19 daily situation report, Central Bank of Nigeria, Bloomberg, Nigeria Stock Exchange and Accuweather.

The dataset comprises of 20 columns. Id, date, confirm case(nigeria), new case(nigeria), total case(nigeria), death case(nigeria), global confirmed case, percentage on confirmed case, global new case, percentage on global new case, global death case, percentage on global death case(nigeria), weather(lagos), Exchange rate(naira to USD) (buying rate, central rate, selling rate), all share index(nigeria), global oil price(USD) and External reserves (gross and liquid)(nigeria).

Acknowledgements A deep appreciation goes to Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and the effort of the Federal government of Nigeria for their unrelented effort to battle the outbreak of the novel Corona Virus Pandemic and sincere appreciation goes to World Health Organisation COVID-19 daily situation report, Central Bank of Nigeria, Bloomberg, Nigeria Stock Exchange and Accuweather for their open data. https://www.accuweather.com/en/ng/lagos/4607/april-weather/4607?year=2020 https://ng.investing.com/indices/nse-all-share-historical-data https://www.cbn.gov.ng/IntOps/Reserve.asp?MoveDate=4/3/2020%208:11:54%20PM https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports https://www.bloomberg.com/quote/CO1:COM https://www.cbn.gov.ng/rates/ExchRateByCurrency.asp https://covid19.ncdc.gov.ng/

The commercial trade in wild meat is booming in Central Africa. Addressing this issue is a global priority because the trade poses a major threat to biodiversity and human health. We investigated the impact of socioeconomic factors, public health emergencies, and conservation efforts on the wild meat trade using daily surveys of wild meat markets on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea (EG), from 1997 through 2021. Bioko is an ideal location for examining how external factors impact the wild meat market trade. Although small, the island has large areas of intact forest that host populations of commercially valuable wildlife; low-cost protein substitutes are available; and Malabo, the island’s only large metropolitan area and wild meat trading hub, hosts a wealthy class of urbanites. We found significant associations between global market trends and the wild meat trade, especially China’s foreign investment and oil production in the US and EG. Economic crises like EG’s 2009 economic downturn that followed a global crash in oil prices and reduced production, redirected demand towards cheaper mainland wildlife carcasses amid reduced consumer demand. Public health emergencies had the most comprehensive impact on the wild meat trade. The 2014 Ebola outbreak and the COVID-19 pandemic both induced shifts in market demand, and the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted trade routes, affecting both urban and rural markets. Internally, we observed market decentralization over the last decade and changes in wildlife supply chains during public health emergencies. Conservation policies, including anti-poaching measures and educational outreach, temporarily influenced wildlife market trends, sometimes leading to trading surges in endangered primate carcasses. Our study highlights the importance of monitoring global market trends, public health campaigns, and adapting conservation strategies to disrupt wildlife supply chains and curb consumer demand for wild meat.

Causality tests, COVID-19 crisis period.

Oil Price: Dubai data was reported at 63.750 USD/Barrel in 02 Dec 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 64.260 USD/Barrel for 01 Dec 2025. Oil Price: Dubai data is updated daily, averaging 61.400 USD/Barrel from Mar 2001 (Median) to 02 Dec 2025, with 5284 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 140.700 USD/Barrel in 04 Jul 2008 and a record low of 0.000 USD/Barrel in 10 Aug 2020. Oil Price: Dubai data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Korea – Table KR.P: Oil Price. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Risk managers and traders must understand the mechanisms of volatility spillovers from one market to another due to the implications on profits and stock prices. The use of econometric models such as the Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) and heterogeneous autoregressive (HAR) to predict volatility spillover effects is limited by their requirement for linearity and their inability to detect rapid changes in volatility within the market. Combining econometric models with machine learning algorithms to generate hybrid models is an effective strategy to improve their performance in detecting volatility spillovers between markets. This study aimed to compare how the HAR model performed relative to the hybrid LSTM-HAR model when predicting volatility spillover effects from the WTI crude oil market to the agricultural stock market in the US. Data was obtained from the FRED database in the period 2015-2025, where monthly global prices were sourced for WTI crude oil, wheat, cotton, corn, and soybeans. The generated HAR model showed the volatility spillover existence from the oil to the soybeans market, which was explained to arise from the disruptions from the global COVID-19 pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine war. However, the HAR model outperformed the LSTM-HAR model for all commodities and was explained to arise from the small dataset available, which was dominated by linear data.

Agricultural Prices: Average Weekly Prices: Producer: Babassu Oil: Kg: Maranhão data was reported at 13.000 BRL in 28 Nov 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 13.000 BRL for 21 Nov 2025. Agricultural Prices: Average Weekly Prices: Producer: Babassu Oil: Kg: Maranhão data is updated daily, averaging 5.800 BRL from Jan 2014 (Median) to 28 Nov 2025, with 578 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 16.500 BRL in 29 Aug 2025 and a record low of 3.300 BRL in 13 Feb 2015. Agricultural Prices: Average Weekly Prices: Producer: Babassu Oil: Kg: Maranhão data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by National Supply Company. The data is categorized under Brazil Premium Database’s Prices – Table BR.PA: Agricultural Prices: CONAB: Average Weekly Prices: Producer: Babassu Oil. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Russia Avg Producer Price: OKPD2: Energy: Crude Oil data was reported at 18,161.830 RUB/Ton in Dec 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 17,041.750 RUB/Ton for Nov 2020. Russia Avg Producer Price: OKPD2: Energy: Crude Oil data is updated monthly, averaging 18,193.455 RUB/Ton from Jan 2017 (Median) to Dec 2020, with 48 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 25,535.580 RUB/Ton in Nov 2018 and a record low of 4,094.660 RUB/Ton in May 2020. Russia Avg Producer Price: OKPD2: Energy: Crude Oil data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Federal State Statistics Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Russian Federation – Table RU.RBL008: Average Producer Price: Energy. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

BackgroundThe global COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing, and cross-country and cross-period variation in COVID-19 age-adjusted case fatality rates (CFRs) has not been clarified. Here, we aimed to identify the country-specific effects of booster vaccination and other features that may affect heterogeneity in age-adjusted CFRs with a worldwide scope, and to predict the benefit of increasing booster vaccination rate on future CFR.MethodCross-temporal and cross-country variations in CFR were identified in 32 countries using the latest available database, with multi-feature (vaccination coverage, demographic characteristics, disease burden, behavioral risks, environmental risks, health services and trust) using Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). After that, country-specific risk features that affect age-adjusted CFRs were identified. The benefit of booster on age-adjusted CFR was simulated by increasing booster vaccination by 1–30% in each country.ResultsOverall COVID-19 age-adjusted CFRs across 32 countries ranged from 110 deaths per 100,000 cases to 5,112 deaths per 100,000 cases from February 4, 2020 to Jan 31, 2022, which were divided into countries with age-adjusted CFRs higher than the crude CFRs and countries with age-adjusted CFRs lower than the crude CFRs (n = 9 and n = 23) when compared with the crude CFR. The effect of booster vaccination on age-adjusted CFRs becomes more important from Alpha to Omicron period (importance scores: 0.03–0.23). The Omicron period model showed that the key risk factors for countries with higher age-adjusted CFR than crude CFR are low GDP per capita and low booster vaccination rates, while the key risk factors for countries with higher age-adjusted CFR than crude CFR were high dietary risks and low physical activity. Increasing booster vaccination rates by 7% would reduce CFRs in all countries with age-adjusted CFRs higher than the crude CFRs.ConclusionBooster vaccination still plays an important role in reducing age-adjusted CFRs, while there are multidimensional concurrent risk factors and precise joint intervention strategies and preparations based on country-specific risks are also essential.

Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Brand II: Modern Market: West Papua: Manokwari Regency data was reported at 22,650.000 IDR/kg in 16 May 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 22,650.000 IDR/kg for 15 May 2025. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Brand II: Modern Market: West Papua: Manokwari Regency data is updated daily, averaging 16,000.000 IDR/kg from Apr 2017 (Median) to 16 May 2025, with 2049 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 30,750.000 IDR/kg in 07 Jun 2022 and a record low of 12,000.000 IDR/kg in 10 Jan 2020. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Brand II: Modern Market: West Papua: Manokwari Regency data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Prices – Table ID.PB059: Average Retail Price: Modern Market: By Regions: Cooking Oil: Brand II. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Brand II: Modern Market: West Papua data was reported at 22,150.000 IDR/kg in 16 May 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 22,150.000 IDR/kg for 15 May 2025. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Brand II: Modern Market: West Papua data is updated daily, averaging 17,200.000 IDR/kg from Apr 2017 (Median) to 16 May 2025, with 2049 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 29,450.000 IDR/kg in 05 Jul 2022 and a record low of 11,950.000 IDR/kg in 10 Jan 2020. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Brand II: Modern Market: West Papua data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Prices – Table ID.PB059: Average Retail Price: Modern Market: By Regions: Cooking Oil: Brand II. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Germany Commodity Price: Energy Resources: Brent Crude data was reported at 62.400 USD/Barrel in 02 Dec 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 63.212 USD/Barrel for 01 Dec 2025. Germany Commodity Price: Energy Resources: Brent Crude data is updated daily, averaging 64.213 USD/Barrel from Jan 2013 (Median) to 02 Dec 2025, with 3276 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 128.852 USD/Barrel in 08 Mar 2022 and a record low of 22.784 USD/Barrel in 28 Apr 2020. Germany Commodity Price: Energy Resources: Brent Crude data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Deutsche Börse Group. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Germany – Table DE.P: Commodity Prices. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: Riau data was reported at 23,600.000 IDR/kg in 29 Apr 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 23,600.000 IDR/kg for 28 Apr 2025. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: Riau data is updated daily, averaging 17,350.000 IDR/kg from Jan 2017 (Median) to 29 Apr 2025, with 1825 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 27,350.000 IDR/kg in 05 Jul 2022 and a record low of 13,500.000 IDR/kg in 16 Jan 2018. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: Riau data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Prices – Table ID.PB056: Average Retail Price: Modern Market: By Regions: Cooking Oil. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Traditional Market: West Sumatera data was reported at 21,000.000 IDR/kg in 16 May 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 21,000.000 IDR/kg for 15 May 2025. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Traditional Market: West Sumatera data is updated daily, averaging 13,900.000 IDR/kg from Jul 2016 (Median) to 16 May 2025, with 2151 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22,850.000 IDR/kg in 07 Apr 2025 and a record low of 11,550.000 IDR/kg in 09 Aug 2019. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Traditional Market: West Sumatera data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Prices – Table ID.PB025: Average Retail Price: Traditional Market: By Regions: Cooking Oil. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

China Import Price: Crude Oil data was reported at 550.354 USD/Ton in Mar 2025. This records a decrease from the previous number of 565.521 USD/Ton for Feb 2025. China Import Price: Crude Oil data is updated monthly, averaging 391.538 USD/Ton from Jan 1993 (Median) to Mar 2025, with 387 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 948.796 USD/Ton in Aug 2008 and a record low of 88.470 USD/Ton in Jan 1999. China Import Price: Crude Oil data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by CEIC Data. The data is categorized under China Premium Database’s Price – Table CN.PH: Crude Oil Import and Export Price. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: West Papua: Sorong Municipality: Sorong Municipality Modern Market data was reported at 23,050.000 IDR/kg in 16 May 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 23,050.000 IDR/kg for 15 May 2025. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: West Papua: Sorong Municipality: Sorong Municipality Modern Market data is updated daily, averaging 19,625.000 IDR/kg from Apr 2017 (Median) to 16 May 2025, with 2044 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 53,500.000 IDR/kg in 26 Oct 2020 and a record low of 13,700.000 IDR/kg in 01 Nov 2019. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: West Papua: Sorong Municipality: Sorong Municipality Modern Market data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Prices – Table ID.PB056: Average Retail Price: Modern Market: By Regions: Cooking Oil. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: West Nusa Tenggara: Bima Municipality data was reported at 21,750.000 IDR/kg in 06 May 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 21,750.000 IDR/kg for 29 Apr 2025. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: West Nusa Tenggara: Bima Municipality data is updated daily, averaging 19,250.000 IDR/kg from Nov 2019 (Median) to 06 May 2025, with 1271 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 28,000.000 IDR/kg in 14 Apr 2022 and a record low of 14,250.000 IDR/kg in 17 Jan 2020. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: West Nusa Tenggara: Bima Municipality data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Prices – Table ID.PB056: Average Retail Price: Modern Market: By Regions: Cooking Oil. [COVID-19-IMPACT]

Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: North Sumatera data was reported at 22,450.000 IDR/kg in 16 May 2025. This stayed constant from the previous number of 22,450.000 IDR/kg for 15 May 2025. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: North Sumatera data is updated daily, averaging 18,350.000 IDR/kg from Jul 2016 (Median) to 16 May 2025, with 2236 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 24,650.000 IDR/kg in 17 Jun 2022 and a record low of 13,700.000 IDR/kg in 07 Jan 2020. Average Retail Price: Cooking Oil: Modern Market: North Sumatera data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Bank Indonesia. The data is categorized under Indonesia Premium Database’s Prices – Table ID.PB056: Average Retail Price: Modern Market: By Regions: Cooking Oil. [COVID-19-IMPACT]