Eggs US rose to 2.70 USD/Dozen on July 11, 2025, up 1.13% from the previous day. Over the past month, Eggs US's price has risen 1.47%, and is up 15.69% compared to the same time last year, according to trading on a contract for difference (CFD) that tracks the benchmark market for this commodity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for Eggs US.

Large white, Grade A chicken eggs, sold in a carton of a dozen. Includes organic, non-organic, cage free, free range, and traditional."

Large white, Grade A chicken eggs, sold in a carton of a dozen. Includes organic, non-organic, cage free, free range, and traditional."

Monthly average retail prices for selected products, for Canada and provinces. Prices are presented for the current month and the previous four months. Prices are based on transaction data from Canadian retailers, and are presented in Canadian current dollars.

This data set provides the information for egg mass counts for Rana lutieventris (Columbia spotted frog). These data are associated with the project that is abstracted below: Amphibian decline is a problem of global importance, with over 40% of species considered at risk. This phenomenon is not limited to the tropics or to other countries. Amphibian species in the U.S. are also declining, contributing to the larger, global phenomenon. For example, in the State of Wyoming, the Wyoming toad has been extirpated in the wild and the boreal toad is a species of special concern. Understanding biotic and abiotic factors that influence amphibian persistence is critical for amphibian conservation. This work in northern Wyoming has focused on demography, habitat alteration and creation, and disease in the context of multiple amphibian populations. One of the foci has been to identify the capacity for mitigation wetlands (those created to offset losses due to, for example, road construction) to serve as habitat for amphibians. Four species of amphibians native to Wyoming, including the boreal toad, reside in this region. Our previous research indicates that the toad population at Blackrock is declining at 5-6% per year and that disease due to the amphibian chytrid fungus is contributing to this decline. Our demographic work at this site began in 2003, focusing solely on the boreal toad. Additional funding in 2012 allowed us to increase the scope of the project and assess chorus frog, salamander and Columbia spotted frog populations, invertebrate assemblages, work to quantify the use of mitigation sites by amphibians, and to expand efforts to include sites on Togwotee Pass a short distance away from Blackrock. Because most previous studies of amphibian use of created wetlands have taken place in the eastern United States, this project, incorporating demographic and disease dynamics as well as community composition and mitigation effects of created wetlands, is unique and provides a case study in the Intermountain West. By 2015, all four native amphibian species were observed at one of the created wetlands, and all of them, including the boreal toad, were breeding (evidenced by breeding behavior, eggs or tadpoles).

The number of fertilized and unfertilized eggs produced by M. beryllina individuals collected in Suisun Bay, California in spawning experiments. access_formats=.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv acquisition_description=Fish survey data\u00a0were collected by beach seine in the Suisun Bay region of the San Francisco Bay-Delta by Susanne Brander and Bryan Cole. Sampling methodology is fully described in Brander et al. (2013).

Laboratory spawning trials were used to determine the relationship between sex ratio and egg production. Adult inland silversides were placed together in 95 liter circular tanks and allowed to spawn on an artificial spawning substrate (polyester yarn clumps). Substrate was removed daily and inspected for eggs; fertilization was determined by coloration. Full details are provided in White et al. (2017). awards_0_award_nid=542383 awards_0_award_number=OCE-1435473 awards_0_data_url=http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1435473 awards_0_funder_name=NSF Division of Ocean Sciences awards_0_funding_acronym=NSF OCE awards_0_funding_source_nid=355 awards_0_program_manager=David L. Garrison awards_0_program_manager_nid=50534 cdm_data_type=Other comment=Eggs produced per trial J. W. White and S. Brander, PIs Version 4 August 2017 Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3 data_source=extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019 defaultDataQuery=&time<now doi=10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.713302.1 infoUrl=https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/713302 institution=BCO-DMO instruments_0_acronym=Purse-seine instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description=Used to collect samples instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid=713310 instruments_0_description=A purse seine is a large wall of netting deployed in a circle around an entire school of fish. The seine has floats along the top line with a lead line of chain along the bottom. Once a school of fish is located, a skiff pulls the seine into the water as the vessel encircles the school with the net. A cable running along the bottom is then pulled in, "pursing" the net closed on the bottom, preventing fish from escaping by swimming downward. The catch is harvested by bringing the net alongside the vessel and brailing the fish aboard. instruments_0_instrument_name=Purse-seine Fishing Gear instruments_0_instrument_nid=675173 instruments_0_supplied_name=Beach seine metadata_source=https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/713302 param_mapping={'713302': {}} parameter_source=https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/713302/parameters people_0_affiliation=University of North Carolina - Wilmington people_0_affiliation_acronym=UNC-Wilmington people_0_person_name=J Wilson White people_0_person_nid=516429 people_0_role=Principal Investigator people_0_role_type=originator people_1_affiliation=University of North Carolina - Wilmington people_1_affiliation_acronym=UNC-Wilmington people_1_person_name=Dr Susanne Brander people_1_person_nid=712930 people_1_role=Co-Principal Investigator people_1_role_type=originator people_2_affiliation=University of North Carolina - Wilmington people_2_affiliation_acronym=UNC-Wilmington people_2_person_name=J Wilson White people_2_person_nid=516429 people_2_role=Contact people_2_role_type=related people_3_affiliation=Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution people_3_affiliation_acronym=WHOI BCO-DMO people_3_person_name=Hannah Ake people_3_person_nid=650173 people_3_role=BCO-DMO Data Manager people_3_role_type=related project=Goby size-selection projects_0_acronym=Goby size-selection projects_0_description=Description from NSF award abstract: Many marine fish species change sex during their lifetimes, and many of them are targets of commercial and recreational fishing. The timing of sex change in these animals is often related to body size, so populations typically consist of many small fish of the initial sex (usually female) and few large fish of the other sex (usually male). In nature, smaller fish are at a greater risk of mortality due to predation, but fishermen tend to seek larger fish. Thus fishing that targets larger individuals may skew sex ratios, removing enough of the larger sex to hinder reproduction. However, the extent to which size-selective mortality affects sex-changing fishes is poorly understood. This research will explore the effects of size-selective mortality on the population dynamics of sex-changing species using an integrated set of field experiments and mathematical models. It will provide the first experimental exploration of the sensitivity of different sex-change patterns and reproductive strategies to selective mortality. The results will advance our knowledge of the susceptibility and resilience of sex-changing organisms to different types of size-selective mortality and will reveal how sex-changing species can recover after size-selection ceases, as in populations within marine reserves where fishing is suddenly prohibited. The findings will inform fisheries management policies, which do not currently consider the ability of a species to change sex in setting fisheries regulations. This project will consist of a three-year study of the effects of size-specific mortality on sex-changing fishes. Field experiments will use three closely related rocky-reef fishes that differ in sex-change pattern and are amenable to field manipulation and direct measurement of reproductive output. The species include a protogynous hermaphrodite (a female-to-male sex-change pattern common among harvested species) and two simultaneous hermaphrodites that differ in their ability to switch between male and female. Two types of experiments will be conducted on populations established on replicate patch reefs at Santa Catalina Island, California: (1) sex ratios will be manipulated to determine when the scarcity of males limits population-level reproductive output; and (2) experiments cross-factoring the intensity of mortality with the form of size-selection (i.e., higher mortality of large or small individuals) will test the demographic consequences of size-selective mortality. In concert with the field experiments, size- and sex-structured population models (integral projection models) will be developed for use in three ways: (1) to evaluate how different types of selective mortality should affect population dynamics; (2) to predict outcomes of the field experiments, testing/validating the model and allowing direct prediction of the ecological significance of short-term selection; and (3) to fit to existing survey data for a fourth species, a widely fished, sex-changing fish, inside and outside of marine reserves. Part (3) will evaluate whether and how quickly the mating system and reproductive output of that species (not directly measurable in the field) is recovering inside reserves. This integrated set of field experiments and models will yield novel insight into the effects of size-selective mortality on the population dynamics of sex-changing marine species. projects_0_end_date=2018-02 projects_0_geolocation=Southern California, Santa Catalina Island projects_0_name=Impacts of size-selective mortality on sex-changing fishes projects_0_project_nid=516431 projects_0_start_date=2015-03 sourceUrl=(local files) standard_name_vocabulary=CF Standard Name Table v55 version=1 xml_source=osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3

Eggs: The WFVZ houses approximately 225,000 sets of eggs (equal to more than 1,000,000 individual eggs), representing at least 4,000 bird species from around the world, and collected from more than 400 individual and institutional collections. The egg collection of the WFVZ is the largest in the world.

The Western Foundation’s collections have contributed to multiple scientific fields (e.g., conservation, ecology, taxonomy, and toxicology). For example, the WFVZ provided photocopies of egg records for more than 500 species, and egg measurements for more than 400 species, covered by the Birds of North America series. This information and digital pictures of these eggs and nests are now available at www.birds.cornell.edu/birdsofna. The Foundation’s egg sets have also figured prominently in studies of eggshell thinning due to contaminants (e.g., DDT and heavy metals). Since 2000 alone, the WFVZ has contributed data to more than 200 publications. Thus, the value of the WFVZ’s collections for science, and for the conservation of bird species, continues to be evidenced.

Staff of the WFVZ provide data on eggs, including measurements and digital images, to researchers. Please contact René Corado, Collections Manager, for more information, and see our list of services available to researchers.

Nests: The Foundation has more than 18,000 specimens from around the world, representing the largest collection of nests in North America and the world.

WFVZ pictures of the nests of North American breeding bird species are available at www.birds.cornell.edu/birdsofna, or researchers can contact us for particular digital images.

Skins: The WFVZ houses more than 56,000 study skin specimens representing over 100 countries, with the largest numbers of specimens from the United States (>12,900), Mexico (>12,600), Malaysia (>4,400), Costa Rica (>4,000), and Ecuador (>3,800). The skin collection is at least the 16th largest among North American collections.

The primary sources for specimens currently are wildlife rehabilitation organizations; wildlife research agencies; birds killed by cats, window strikes, and car impacts; and the Foundation’s own field research projects. Materials are consistently acquired by the Western Foundation and used by researchers, educators, scientific artists, and other museums. In addition, materials are used in educational tours and presentations for the general public, both at the Foundation and at outside events.

Skin loans are made to qualified researchers.

This dataset reports hatching success for eggs of Calanus finmarchicus and Meganyctiphanes norvegica. Average temperature and pH are reported as well as hatching success for each replicate dish of eggs. Results are published in Preziosi et al (2017), Table 3.

We studied a brood parasite-host system to test the fundamental hypothesis that deceptive mimics evolve to resemble models, selecting in turn for models to evolve away from mimics (“chase-away evolution†), and whether such reciprocal evolution maintains imperfect mimicry over time. We quantified the pattern complexity of host and parasitic eggs; complexity of egg patterns predicts egg rejection in the host species. Over only 50 years, parasites evolved towards hosts and hosts evolved away from parasites. This resulted in no detectible increase in mimetic fidelity. Our results reflect rapid adaptive evolution in wild populations and show that chase-away evolution in models can counteract even rapid evolution of mimics, resulting in the persistence of imperfect mimicry., Eggs were photographed in linearised RAW format, in shade with a Nikon D90 camera with a 60 mm Micro-Nikkor lens. Complexity was quantified exactly as described in Dixit et al., 2022 (Visual complexity of egg patterns predicts egg rejection according to Weber's law. Proc. R. Soc. B. 289: 20220710. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2022.0710)., , # Title of Dataset: Rapid evolution of a brood parasites egg pattern does not lead to large increases in mimetic fidelity.

This dataset contains 1 excel file as well as R code detailing statistical analyses.

1. historical_complexities_full_priniacf.csv: a dataset detailing complexity scores for cuckoo finch and prinia eggs.

Description of the Data and file structure

historical_complexities_full_priniacf.csv:

Column names

Year_Nest_Egg_NestIn : Individual code for each egg Year: Year in which egg was laid Nest: Nest ID in which egg was laid Egg: Egg ID NestIn: Nest ID in which egg was placed (in cases where egg was moved to another next as part of other experiments) Complexity_a: complexity score for a single image of the egg Complexity_ac: average complexity score across 2 images of 'either side' of the egg - see description in Dixit, T., Apostol, A. L., Chen, K.-C. et al. (2022). Visual complexity of egg patterns predicts egg rejection according to Webers law. Proceed...

Red flour beetles have been known to readily infest wheat flour but their likelihood to choose other types of flours is unknown. Red flour beetles will lay eggs in many types of flours but their choice to infest low- and no-gluten flours remains to be tested. Here we test a panel of 14 different commercially available flours in three different choice assays. We find that the beetles lay similar amounts of eggs in buckwheat, teff, millet, rice, and rye flours but that they show significant declines in preference for sorghum, potato, quinoa, cassava, oat, amaranth, garbanzo, spelt, and corn flours. By using three different assays - a wind tunnel, a large arena, and a small arena - we can further parse out differences in whether volatiles or texture of the flour may play a bigger role in choosing these flours to lay their eggs. The number of eggs laid in each of these 14 flours, plus a wheat control, is reported for both the large and small arenas and preference or movement toward the flour source is reported for a wind tunnel assay. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Eggs laid in flours in larger arena. File Name: large_arena_choice_test.csvResource Description: Number of eggs laid in each flour patch in the larger arena tested (45.7 x 55 x 8.9 cm). Flours were placed on a 110-mm filter paper and 20 mixed sex adults were introduced to the arena for four days. Dataset reports whether the arenas were on the left or right of the humidity and temperature controlled chamber (Side), the position from the door from front to back (Position), how many eggs were laid in the wheat (control) flour (Eggs_Wheat), what side of the container the wheat flour was on (aisle or wall, Wheat_Side_of_Box), how many eggs were laid in the other flour tested (Eggs_Other), what the other flour tested was (Other_Flour), where the other flour was in the container (aisle or wall, Other_Flour_Side_of_Box), date experiment was started (Start) and date experiment was ended (End). Eggs were counted after sieving from the flour patch using a dissecting microscope.Resource Title: Eggs laid in flour in smaller arena. File Name: small_arena_choice_test.csvResource Description: Number of eggs laid in each patch of flour in smaller arena tested (90-mm petri dish). Flour was placed on a 30-mm filter paper on opposite sides of the arena. A single female was introduced to the arena for 48 hours. Eggs were then sieved from the flour and counted using a dissecting microscope. Data reported include what alternative flour was present (Treatment), replicate within each block (rep), the number of eggs counted (egg_count), when the arena was set up and the female introduced (setup), when the eggs were counted (count), what of six blocks was tested (block), and whether the flour patch counted was the wheat (control) or the alternative flour (Alternative) listed in the Treatment column (flour). Resource Title: Preference for flour as tested in a wind tunnel. File Name: wind_tunnel_preference_tests_flours_2022.csvResource Description: Individual beetles were tested for preference to flour volatiles in a wind tunnel with air flow of 0.45 - 0.53 m/s. Beetles were observed for a maximum of 2 minutes or how long it took for them to leave a 21.59 x 27.94 cm white paper arena placed 55.5 cm from the wind source and 25 cm from the flour. Each beetle was used once and 5 beetles were tested for each flour on each day. Choices are recorded as U for upwind (exited towards the flour source), L for left (exited left side of arena), R for right (exited right side of arena), and D for downwind (exited away from the flour source). Data presented are: Flour tested, Choice, Beetle (1-5 for each flour tested on each day), and Date that assay was run.

The EDNA project was developed to consider the political, economic and moral configuration of egg donation for fertility treatment in the UK, Belgium and Spain. Europe was selected as the site for the study because of the relative lack of research relating to the organisation and practice of egg provision in this context and due to the unique constellation of regulatory oversight for member states who are subject to the requirements of the EU Tissue and Cells Directive. The study was based on a constructivist-interpretive epistemology and employed a sequential multiple-method design to explore processes and experiences of egg donation. Phase one involved mapping policy in the three countries and across Europe, stakeholder interviews and a literature review. Phase two involved analysis of clinic websites and specifically their online recruitment materials in the three countries. Phase three involved qualitative interviews with professionals and egg providers to understand perceptions, experiences and moral reasoning amongst those involved in the practice, and phase four involved stakeholder workshops and dissemination activities. Ethical approval for the study was granted by De Montfort University (ref 1989), Ghent University and CSIC.

IVF with donor eggs was first intended for use with younger women suffering from ovarian failure or dysfunction. More recently there has been a sharp increase in use of donor eggs for women with age-related infertility, and a growing demand among gay male couples who combine the use of an egg donor and a surrogate in order to have a child. The increase in egg donation treatment has been enhanced by developments in freezing and storage techniques, meaning eggs can now be used independently of the time and place of their retrieval. Donated eggs are now used in over 74,000 IVF treatment cycles in Europe, yet little is known about the motivations, decision-making and experiences of women who provide their eggs for use in infertility treatment, particularly in the European context.

The growing use of egg donation treatment is the subject of fierce political and ethical debate and presents a number of dilemmas for practice professionals and policy makers. While the selling of human eggs in Europe is formally prohibited according to EU legislation ('reasonable compensation' for egg providers is permitted), there is considerable variation in the interpretation of relevant regulations between countries, resulting in significant differences in practice. The UK, Belgium and Spain represent three countries at the cutting edge of technological developments in the infertility field but which have developed differing practices relating to how egg donation is practiced and governed.

The overall aim of this study is to explore the social, political, economic and moral configuration of egg donation in the UK, Belgium and Spain. Our research questions are: How are egg donation practices shaped by national economic, political, cultural and moral contexts? How do new reproductive subjectivities emerge as a result of (gendered) socio-technical processes such as egg donation? How do egg providers understand and frame egg donation in the context of infertility treatment and how is their moral reasoning shaped by a neo-liberal, bio-economic context? What is the role of professional rationalities and commercial choreographies in a global reproductive marketplace? How can a comparison of contrasting policy and practice contexts facilitate improvements in egg donation?

The study is largely qualitative and uses multiple methods of data collection, organised across five phases, to achieve its objectives. Phase one is a context-setting phase which will involve: reviewing the small number of existing studies; a detailed analysis of relevant policies and regulations about donation; and interviews with key European and country-level stakeholders. Phase two will involve analysis of donor recruitment and marketing materials to explore how donation is represented and to gain insight into recruitment practices. Phase three comprises detailed interviews with 75 women who have provided their eggs as well as interviews with professionals involved in donation. It will explore the experiences, motivations and ethical decision-making of women who provide their eggs as well as generating evidence about the practical, political and economic organisation of donation in the UK, Belgium and Spain. The objective of Phase four is to synthesise the findings from the previous phases for discussion at two workshops held in collaboration with key stakeholders and designed to help us develop recommendations from the study. Phase five will include an end of project conference and further dissemination. Stakeholders will be engaged throughout, via a specially convened advisory group. As well as developing theories about the provision and commercialization of human tissue, the findings will be used to directly inform...

The intense selection of chickens for production traits, such as egg laying, is thought to cause undesirable side effects and changes in behavior. Trade-offs resulting from energy expenditure in productivity may influence other traits: in order to sustain energetic costs for high egg production, energy expenditure may be redirected away from specific behavioral traits. For example, such energetic trade-offs may change the hens’ cognitive abilities. Therefore, we hypothesized highly productive laying hens to show reduced learning performance in comparison to moderate productive lines. We examined the learning ability of four chicken lines that differed in laying performance (200 versus 300 eggs/year) and phylogenetic origin (brown/white layer; respectively, within performance). In total 61 hens were tested in semi-automated Skinner boxes in a three-phase learning paradigm (initial learning, reversal learning, extinction). To measure the hens’ learning performance within each phase, we compared the number of active decisions needed to fulfill a learning criteria (80% correct choices for learning, 70% no responses at extinction) using linear models. Differences between the proportions of hens per line that reached criterion on each phase of the learning tasks were analyzed by using a Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analysis. A greater proportion of high productive hens achieved the learning criteria on each phase compared to less productive hens (Chi23 = 8.25, p = 0.041). Furthermore, high productive hens accomplished the learning criteria after fewer active decisions in the initial phase (p = 0.012) and in extinction (p = 0.004) compared to the less selected lines. Phylogenetic origin was associated with differences in learning in extinction. Our results contradict our hypothesis and indicate that the selection for productivity traits has led to changes in learning behavior and the high productive laying hens possessed a better learning strategy compared to moderate productive hens in a feeding-rewarding context. This better performance may be a response to constraints resulting from high selection as it may enable these hens to efficiently acquire additional energy resources. Underlying mechanisms for this may be directly related to differences in neuronal structure or indirectly to foraging strategies and changes in personality traits such as fearfulness and sociality.

This dataset includes concentrations of fatty acids from eggs of mangrove tree crabs, A. pisonii, from three habitats: mangrove, saltmarsh and mangrove collected along the eastern Florida coast in 2016. access_formats=.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv acquisition_description=We collected 10 ovigerous females with stage-1 non-eyed eggs by hand and from each habitat (mangrove, salt marsh, dock) during the week preceding the full moon of each of five consecutive months throughout the A. pisonii reproductive season. Crabs were immediately placed on dry ice and stored at -80oC until dissection at which time the size and gut-width were determined and the whole egg clutch was carefully removed from the pleopods. The egg clutch was then freeze-fried and stored at -80oC until analysis.

Lipids were extracted from eggs using a modified Folch extraction and the fatty acids were then methylated. We then analyzed the methylated fatty acids via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using an Agilent 6890 GC 5975 Mass Spectrometer fitted with a Restek 30m FAMEWAX column. The concentration of each FA was then determined from a diluton curve derived from a Supelco 37 Fatty Acid mix. The FA peak areas were first normalized to recovery standard then concentrations were determined using the regression curves of the external standards. This concentration was then corrected for the volume of the sample to obtain the mass of the fatty acid extracted from the egg.

Gut-width:carapace-width ratio was calculated as the ratio of the size of the gut of the crab and the size of the crab.

The mass of Omega-3 Fatty Acids was determined by combining the masses of Alpha Linoleic Acid, Eicosatrienoic Acid, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, and Docosahexaenoic Acid.

The mass of Omega-6 Fatty Acids was determined by combining the masses of cis- Linoleic Acid, trans-Linoleic Acid, Eicosadienoic Acid, Dihomo-Gamma-Linolenic Acid, Arachidonic Acid, and Docosahexaenoic Acid.

The mass of the highly-unsaturated Fatty Acids was determined by combining the masses of Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Arachidonic Acid, and Docosahexaenoic Acid.

The mass of odd-numbered Fatty Acids was determined by combining the masses of C15:0 fatty acid, C15:1 fatty acid, C17:0 fatty acid, and C17:1 fatty acid.

The mass of each fatty acid extracted from the eggs was divided by the mass of the eggs from which fatty acids were extracted to obtain the concentration of that fatty acid in the eggs as the proportion of the egg mass.

Locations, Florida East Coast:
Round Island Park: 27o33'33"N 80o19'53"W
Pepper Park: 27o29'42'N 80o18'12"W
North Causeway Park: 27o28'28"N 80o19'12"W
Oslo Road: 27o35'14"N 80o21'55"W
Anastasia State Park: 29o52'40"N 81o16'32"W
Guana-Tolomato-Matanzas NERR: 30o0'49"N 81o20'42"W
Vilano Inlet: 29o55'16"N 81o17'57"W
Palm Valley/Nocatee Canoe Launch: 30o07'57"N 81o23'08"W
St. Augustine Yacht Club: 29o53'09"N 81o17'08"W
Boating Club Road: 29o56'34"N 81o18'31"W awards_0_award_nid=562103 awards_0_award_number=OCE-1129166 awards_0_data_url=http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1129166 awards_0_funder_name=NSF Division of Ocean Sciences awards_0_funding_acronym=NSF OCE awards_0_funding_source_nid=355 awards_0_program_manager=David L. Garrison awards_0_program_manager_nid=50534 cdm_data_type=Other comment=Concentration of fatty acids extracted from A. pisonii eggs B. Griffen, Z. Cannizzo version: 2018-07-16 Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3 data_source=extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019 dataset_current_state=Final and no updates defaultDataQuery=&time<now doi=10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.741219.1 infoUrl=https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/741219 institution=BCO-DMO instruments_0_acronym=Mass Spec instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid=741229 instruments_0_description=General term for instruments used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions; generally used to find the composition of a sample by generating a mass spectrum representing the masses of sample components. instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/ instruments_0_instrument_name=Mass Spectrometer instruments_0_instrument_nid=685 instruments_0_supplied_name=Agilent 6890 GC 5975 Mass Spectrometer instruments_1_acronym=Scale instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid=741226 instruments_1_description=An instrument used to measure weight or mass. instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB13/ instruments_1_instrument_name=Scale instruments_1_instrument_nid=714 metadata_source=https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/741219 param_mapping={'741219': {}} parameter_source=https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/741219/parameters people_0_affiliation=University of South Carolina people_0_person_name=Dr Blaine D. Griffen people_0_person_nid=562106 people_0_role=Principal Investigator people_0_role_type=originator people_1_affiliation=University of South Carolina people_1_person_name=Zachary J. Cannizzo people_1_person_nid=740019 people_1_role=Co-Principal Investigator people_1_role_type=originator people_2_person_name=Zachary J. Cannizzo people_2_person_nid=740019 people_2_role=Contact people_2_role_type=related people_3_affiliation=Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution people_3_affiliation_acronym=WHOI BCO-DMO people_3_person_name=Nancy Copley people_3_person_nid=50396 people_3_role=BCO-DMO Data Manager people_3_role_type=related project=Variation in Metabolic Processes projects_0_acronym=Variation in Metabolic Processes projects_0_description=Description from NSF award abstract: A major goal of biological and ecological sciences is to understand natural systems well enough to predict how species and populations will respond to a rapidly changing world (i.e., climate change, habitat loss, etc.). A population under any conditions will grow, shrink, or disappear altogether depending on how efficiently individuals consume resources (food), utilize that food metabolically, and eventually reproduce. However, making accurate predictions based on these metabolic processes is complicated by the realities that each species has different resource requirements and that no two individuals within a species are exactly alike. Rather, individuals vary and this variation, both within and across species, is central to many ecological and evolutionary processes. Developing the ability to predict responses of biological systems to a changing world therefore requires a mechanistic understanding of variation. The goal of this project is to improve this mechanistic understanding by examining variation within a metabolic context across a range of species that have a spectrum of commonly-seen resource requirements. Further, the work capitalizes on a unique biological characteristic of this group of species that allows control and manipulation of individual reproduction, facilitating experimental study of the mechanistic links between variation in individual consumption, metabolism, and reproduction. The foundation this research is a combination of field measurements and laboratory experiments using both well-established and newly-developed techniques to quantify these links. The result will be a quantitative framework to predict how individuals will respond reproductively to changes in resource use. Because of the close link between individual reproduction and population dynamics, this research will contribute substantially to predictions in population dynamics under realistic conditions where individuals use more than a single resource, and improve the prediction of responses to current and future ecological changes. The following publications and data resulted from this project: Belgrad, B. and B. Griffen. 2016. Predator-prey interactions mediated by prey personality and predator identity.Proc. Roy. Soc. B: In Review. [2016-01-20]P. herbstii mortality data: Mortality of crabs when exposed to either a single blue crab, toadfish, or no predator for a weekP. herbstii personality data: Refuge use of crabs when exposed to predator odor cues from either blue crabs, toadfish, or control of no cueP. herbstii predator behavior data: Refuge use and mobility of blue crabs and toadfish while in mesocosms for a week - behavior measured during two days. Belgrad, B. and B. Griffen. 2016. The influence of dietary shifts on fitness of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. PloS One. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145481.Blue crab activity: Activity of crabs fed different diets over a summerBlue crab egg size: Volume of eggs for crabs fed different dietsBlue crab hepatopancreas index (HSI): Weight of hepatopancreas for crabs fed different dietsBlue crab hepatopancreas lipid content: Hepatopancreas lipid content of crabs fed different dietsBlue crab reproductive tissue analysis (GSI): Gonadosomatic index of blue crabs on various dietsBlue crab survival: Blue crab survival data during the dietary study Knotts ER, Griffen BD. 2016. Individual movement rates are sufficient to determine and maintain dynamic spatial positioning within Uca pugilator herds. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 70:639-646Uca pugilator: behavior change with carapace marking: Search space behavior due to carapace treatment (control, nail polish, and food dye)Uca pugilator: field spatial position: Assessment of individual's position within a herd at 3 min. intervals; for proportion of time found at edge of herdUca pugilator: herd position proportion: Individual's proportion of time spent in an edge/alone position among a herdUca pugilator: search space distribution: Search space that crabs traveled; to evaluate the sample's distribution of exploratory behavior Belgrad, B. and B. Griffen. 2015. Rhizocephalan infection modifies host food consumption by reducing host activity levels. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 466: 70-75.E. depressus digestion time : Time taken for food to pass through gut of

This dataset contains historical survey data from 1979-2009. The data were collected in the eastern Bering Sea during ichthyoplankton surveys of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center. The data contains sampling cruise name, sampling station, Gear type, sampling time (AKT time), maximum sampling depth, sampling date, bathymetry (bottom depth), sampling location (latitude and logitude), and catch (per 10m^2 and 1000m^3) of pollock eggs.

This dataset shows spawning and nursery grounds of commercially important species, in particular: Hake, Mackerel, Horse Mackerel, Atlantic Cod, Herring, Haddock, Megrim, Blue Whiting, Black Belly Angler Monkfish, White Belly Angler Monkfish and Whiting. Spawning area, spawning grounds and spawning beds are considered the locations where commercially important species of fish leave their eggs for fertilisation. Spawn consists of the reproductive cells (gametes) of fish, some of which will become fertilised and produce offspring. The process of spawning typically involves females releasing ova (unfertilized eggs) into the water, often in large quantities, while males simultaneously or sequentially release spermatozoa (milt) to fertilise the eggs. Spawning grounds help understand the species distribution of a particular commerically important fish. Marine nursery areas are habitats that promote the survival of young commercially important fish species. Many of these creatures are important to humans in fisheries and seafood. These habitats are essential for the reproduction and understanding of the geographical species distribution. Take them away or degrade them, and the production of commercially harvested species will decline or cease altogether. Spawning and Nursery grounds are areas where both spawning and nursery grounds overlap. None

Fish eggs collected in Bongo nets from R/V Albatross IV, R/V Endeavor, and R/V Oceanus during U.S. GLOBEC broadscale cruises in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank from 1995-1999 access_formats=.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson acquisition_description=Standard Haul Factor: numerical factor (multiplier) used to standardize catches to be expressed as number caught per 10m2 of sea surface area. Most haul factors range from 1 to 10. The Standard Haul Factor has not been applied to the data reported here. awards_0_award_nid=54610 awards_0_award_number=unknown GB NSF awards_0_funder_name=National Science Foundation awards_0_funding_acronym=NSF awards_0_funding_source_nid=350 awards_0_program_manager=David L. Garrison awards_0_program_manager_nid=50534 awards_1_award_nid=54626 awards_1_award_number=unknown GB NOAA awards_1_funder_name=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration awards_1_funding_acronym=NOAA awards_1_funding_source_nid=352 cdm_data_type=Other comment=GLOBEC Fish Eggs collected by Bongo nets Peter Berrien and John Sibunka, PIs Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3 data_source=extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019 defaultDataQuery=&time<now doi=10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.2322.1 Easternmost_Easting=-65.657 geospatial_lat_max=42.468 geospatial_lat_min=40.285 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-65.657 geospatial_lon_min=-69.142 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east geospatial_vertical_max=208.0 geospatial_vertical_min=24.0 geospatial_vertical_positive=down geospatial_vertical_units=m infoUrl=https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/2322 institution=BCO-DMO instruments_0_acronym=Bongo Net instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description=60 cm diameter Bongo nets (0.335 millimeter mesh) instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid=4167 instruments_0_description=A Bongo Net consists of paired plankton nets, typically with a 60 cm diameter mouth opening and varying mesh sizes, 10 to 1000 micron. The Bongo Frame was designed by the National Marine Fisheries Service for use in the MARMAP program. It consists of two cylindrical collars connected with a yoke so that replicate samples are collected at the same time. Variations in models are designed for either vertical hauls (OI-2500 = NMFS Pairovet-Style, MARMAP Bongo, CalVET) or both oblique and vertical hauls (Aquatic Research). The OI-1200 has an opening and closing mechanism that allows discrete "known-depth" sampling. This model is large enough to filter water at the rate of 47.5 m3/minute when towing at a speed of two knots. More information: Ocean Instruments, Aquatic Research, Sea-Gear instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/NETT0009/ instruments_0_instrument_name=Bongo Net instruments_0_instrument_nid=410 instruments_0_supplied_name=Bongo Nets metadata_source=https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/2322 Northernmost_Northing=42.468 param_mapping={'2322': {'lat': 'master - latitude', 'depth_tow_max': 'flag - depth', 'lon': 'master - longitude'}} parameter_source=https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/2322/parameters people_0_affiliation=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration people_0_affiliation_acronym=NOAA people_0_person_name=Dr John Sibunka people_0_person_nid=50445 people_0_role=Principal Investigator people_0_role_type=originator people_1_affiliation=Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution people_1_affiliation_acronym=WHOI BCO-DMO people_1_person_name=Ms Dicky Allison people_1_person_nid=50382 people_1_role=BCO-DMO Data Manager people_1_role_type=related project=GB projects_0_acronym=GB projects_0_description=The U.S. GLOBEC Georges Bank Program is a large multi- disciplinary multi-year oceanographic effort. The proximate goal is to understand the population dynamics of key species on the Bank - Cod, Haddock, and two species of zooplankton (Calanus finmarchicus and Pseudocalanus) - in terms of their coupling to the physical environment and in terms of their predators and prey. The ultimate goal is to be able to predict changes in the distribution and abundance of these species as a result of changes in their physical and biotic environment as well as to anticipate how their populations might respond to climate change. The effort is substantial, requiring broad-scale surveys of the entire Bank, and process studies which focus both on the links between the target species and their physical environment, and the determination of fundamental aspects of these species' life history (birth rates, growth rates, death rates, etc). Equally important are the modelling efforts that are ongoing which seek to provide realistic predictions of the flow field and which utilize the life history information to produce an integrated view of the dynamics of the populations. The U.S. GLOBEC Georges Bank Executive Committee (EXCO) provides program leadership and effective communication with the funding agencies. projects_0_geolocation=Georges Bank, Gulf of Maine, Northwest Atlantic Ocean projects_0_name=U.S. GLOBEC Georges Bank projects_0_project_nid=2037 projects_0_project_website=http://globec.whoi.edu/globec_program.html projects_0_start_date=1991-01 sourceUrl=(local files) Southernmost_Northing=40.285 standard_name_vocabulary=CF Standard Name Table v55 subsetVariables=inst version=1 Westernmost_Easting=-69.142 xml_source=osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3

the dataset contained the observation of the number of C. capitata pupae born from ant treated plums and the time spent by the medfly female on the plums to laying their eggs.

Gas chromatography was used to quantify the absolute (mg g dry weight-1) and relative concentrations (% of total) of 27 FAs for each of 5 females (whole individual) and their unfertilized eggs (~ 1 ml). Samples were first dried and then homogenized in a solution of chloroform-methanol (2:1 v/v) and tricosanoic acid (23:0) as an internal standard for quantification of mg g\u22121\u00a0dry mass of fatty acids. Lipids were cold-extracted from approximately 50 mg of dry mass. A Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph set with a Phenomenex ZB-WAX plus capillary column (30\u00a0m long; 0.53 mm ID; 1.0 um thick) was used to quantify FAs, and individual FAs were identified by comparison to commercial standards (Supelco, Inc).\u00a0

These data are\u00a0associated with the corresponding paper:

"%5Chttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2017.11.002%5C">Snyder, J.T.*, Murray, C.S.*, and Baumann, H. (2017) Potential for maternal effects on offspring CO2-sensitivities in a coastal marine fish. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (in press).

Other datasets related to this paper:

"%5Chttps://www.bco-%0Admo.org/dataset/719420%5C">Survival, length, and growth responses of M. menidia offspring from different females exposed to contrasting CO2 environments. access_formats=.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson acquisition_description=Methodology from\u00a0Snyder, J.T.*, Murray, C.S.*, and Baumann, H. (2017) Potential for maternal effects on offspring CO2-sensitivities in a coastal marine fish. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (in press).

Five randomly selected females were strip-spawned onto cutout sections of window screen (1-mm mesh) that were placed into separate seawater-filled spawning dishes (Murray et al., 2014). To ensure full fertilization success and randomize potential paternal effects, eggs were fertilized with a mixture of milt from 22 males, thus producing full-sib and maternal half-sib embryos from each female. Adults were measured for total length (TL; mean TLmale = 9.14 cm, mean TLfemale = 10.4 cm) and frozen for later analysis of FA. Mesh screens with attached embryos were subsequently cut into smaller sections to allow precise enumeration, and within 2-hr post-fertilization 100 embryos were placed into each of three replicate rearing containers (20 L) per female and CO2 treatment (i.e., 600 embryos for each of five females, 3 \u00d7 100 in ambient and 3 \u00d7 100 in acidified treatments). Rearing containers were filled with 1-um filtered, UV-sterilized seawater (~30 psu) from Long Island Sound and placed in temperature-controlled water baths set to 24 deg C, the known thermal optimum for survival and growth in this species (Middaugh et al., 1987). Offspring were reared for 24 d post fertilization under a 15h light:9h dark lighting regime. After hatch, larvae were fed ad libitum rations of newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii Artemia salina (brineshrimpdirect.com), and 50% of water was replaced every 5 d to ensure safe ammonia levels (< 0.25 ppm). Hatched larvae were counted and subsampled (n = 10 per replicate) at 1 d post hatch (dph) by gently scooping them into identical 20 L containers, and final samples were taken at 16 dph. All samples were preserved in 5% buffered formalin for later measurements of larval standard length (SL, 0.01 mm) via calibrated digital images (ImagePro Premier, MediaCybernetics). The experiment thus quantified three related survival and three size traits for each replicate, female, and CO2 treatment: embryo survival (fertilization to 1 dph), larval survival (1 to 16 dph), overall survival (fertilization to 16 dph), size (SL) at hatch (1 dph), SL at 16 dph, and larval growth rate (GR = (SL16dph \u2013 SL1dph)/15).

CO2 regime:\u00a0

Offspring were reared at ambient (~ 400 uatm, pHNBS = 8.18) and acidified CO2 conditions (~2,300 uatm, pHNBS = 7.50). The higher value was set to a level commonly used in OA research (consistent with projections of future pCO2 values for open oceans over in the next 200 yr (IPCC, 2007)) and represents current conditions experienced during seasonal extremes by this species in nature (Murray et al., 2014). Ambient conditions were achieved by bubbling partially CO2-stripped air into each rearing container, thereby offsetting metabolic CO2 accumulation. Acidified conditions were achieved via gas proportioners (Cole Parmer\u00ae) that mixed CO2 stripped air with 100% bone- dry CO2 delivered to the bottom of each rearing container via air stones. Target pH and temperature were monitored daily via a handheld pH probe (Hach\u00ae HQ40d portable meter with a PHC201 standard pH-probe) calibrated regularly via two-point National Bureau of Standards (NBS) pH buffers (electronic supplementary material, Fig.S1). To characterize actual pCO2 levels and related water chemistry parameters, water was sampled from four randomly chosen rearing containers per treatment three times over the course of the experiment and immediately measured for total alkalinity (AT) via endpoint titration (Mettler Toledo\u2122 G20 Potentiometric Titrator). The instrument has previously been shown to quantify AT in Dr. Andrew Dickson\u2019s reference material (batch 147, AT= 2231.39 umol kg seawater-1) with an average error of 0.6%. Actual levels of total dissolved inorganic carbon (CT), partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), fugacity of CO2 (fCO2), and carbonate ion concentration were calculated in CO2SYS (http://cdiac.ornl.gov/ftp/co2sys) based on measured AT, pH (NBS), temperature, and salinity using K1 and K2 constants from Mehrbach et al. (1973) refit by Dickson and Millero (1987) and Dickson (1990) for KHSO4 (Table 1).

Fatty acid analysis:\u00a0

Gas chromatography was used to quantify the absolute (mg g dry weight-1) and relative concentrations (% of total) of 27 FAs for each of the 5 females (whole individual) and their unfertilized eggs (~ 1 ml) following the methods of Faulk and Holt (2005) as recently used for this species in Murray et al. (2016). Briefly, frozen samples were shipped on dry ice to the Fisheries and Mariculture Laboratory (University of Texas, Marine Science Institute), where they were first dried and then homogenized in a solution of chloroform- methanol (2:1 v/v) and tricosanoic acid (23:0) as an internal standard for quantification of mg g\u22121 dry mass of fatty acids. Lipids were cold- extracted from approximately 50 mg of dry mass. Fatty-acid methyl esters were prepared by saponification in potassium hydroxide, followed by transesterification with 14% boron trifluoride in methanol. A Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph set with a Phenomenex ZB-WAX plus capillary column (30 m long; 0.53 mm ID; 1.0 um thick) was used to quantify FAs, and individual FAs were identified by comparison to commercial standards (Supelco, Inc). Two FAs, 12:0 and 15:1, were below detection limit or invariant across egg batches and were therefore excluded from subsequent analyses. awards_0_award_nid=650183 awards_0_award_number=OCE-1536336 awards_0_data_url=http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1536336 awards_0_funder_name=NSF Division of Ocean Sciences awards_0_funding_acronym=NSF OCE awards_0_funding_source_nid=355 awards_0_program_manager=Michael E. Sieracki awards_0_program_manager_nid=50446 cdm_data_type=Other comment=Fatty Acid Profiles H. Baumann and J. Nye, PIs Version November 14th 2017 Conventions=COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3 data_source=extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019 defaultDataQuery=&time<now doi=10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.719454 Easternmost_Easting=-72.02 geospatial_lat_max=41.32 geospatial_lat_min=41.32 geospatial_lat_units=degrees_north geospatial_lon_max=-72.02 geospatial_lon_min=-72.02 geospatial_lon_units=degrees_east infoUrl=https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/719379 institution=BCO-DMO instruments_0_acronym=Gas Chromatograph instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description=Used to quantify fatty acids instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid=719394 instruments_0_description=Instrument separating gases, volatile substances, or substances dissolved in a volatile solvent by transporting an inert gas through a column packed with a sorbent to a detector for assay. (from SeaDataNet, BODC) instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB02/ instruments_0_instrument_name=Gas Chromatograph instruments_0_instrument_nid=661 instruments_0_supplied_name=Shimadzu GC-2014 gas chromatograph set with a Phenomenex ZB-WAX plus capillary column instruments_1_acronym=pH Sensor instruments_1_dataset_instrument_description=handheld pH probe instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid=719388 instruments_1_description=General term for an instrument that measures the pH or how acidic or basic a solution is. instruments_1_instrument_name=pH Sensor instruments_1_instrument_nid=674 instruments_1_supplied_name=Hach® HQ40d portable meter with a PHC201 standard pH-probe instruments_2_acronym=Automatic titrator instruments_2_dataset_instrument_description=Used to measure total alkalinity instruments_2_dataset_instrument_nid=719393 instruments_2_description=Instruments that incrementally add quantified aliquots of a reagent to a sample until the end-point of a chemical reaction is reached. instruments_2_instrument_external_identifier=https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB12/ instruments_2_instrument_name=Automatic titrator instruments_2_instrument_nid=682 instruments_2_supplied_name=Mettler Toledo™ G20 Potentiometric Titrator metadata_source=https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/719379 Northernmost_Northing=41.32 param_mapping={'719379': {'Lat': 'master - latitude', 'Lon': 'master - longitude'}} parameter_source=https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/719379/parameters people_0_affiliation=University of Connecticut people_0_affiliation_acronym=UConn people_0_person_name=Hannes Baumann people_0_person_nid=528586 people_0_role=Principal