Inflation Rate in the United States increased to 2.70 percent in June from 2.40 percent in May of 2025. This dataset provides - United States Inflation Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

We report average expected inflation rates over the next one through 30 years. Our estimates of expected inflation rates are calculated using a Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland model that combines financial data and survey-based measures. Released monthly.

Ten-Year Expected Inflation and Real and Inflation Risk Premia is a part of the Inflation Expectations indicator of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

Expected Inflation Term Structure is a part of the Inflation Expectations indicator of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

Ten-Year TIPS Yields versus Real Yields is a part of the Inflation Expectations indicator of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

This dataset primarily includes variables that the project has collected from other researchers. The variables are broadly divided into the following categories: Political Regime type, Political Participation, Military Expenditure, General Fiscal Policy, Dependency and Debt Measures, and General Trade indicators. The set includes measures from economic datasets that can reasonably be assumed to measure political decision making. Since different measures are used in different ways by researchers, the choice whether to include a variable in the economc.dta or politicl.dta was oftentimes quite subjective. We have chosen for example to treat inflation as an economic indicator rather than a policy variable and to treat government consumption as a policy variable. In any case, the variables from the two sets can easily be merged. Similarly government expenditure on the military is included in this dataset while other military variables can be found in the violence1.dta and violnce2.dta datasets. These violence datasets contain other political protest variables. These are separated from the rest of the political variables in part because there are simply so many of them but also to make a complementary dataset for the new Bates Violence collection.

Einstellung zur Europäischen Union und zur Euro-Einführung. Wirtschaftliche Situation. Themen: EU-Mitgliedschaft ist eine gute Sache; der Euro ist eine gute Sache für das Befragungsland sowie für Europa; Veränderung des Identifikationsgefühls als Europäer durch den Euro; Schwierigkeiten mit dem Unterscheiden der Euro-Münzen und Banknoten sowie Nennung der Münzen, die Schwierigkeiten bereiten; Zufriedenheit mit der Menge der unterschiedlichen Münzarten; Münzen, die abgeschafft werden sollten; Umrechnen in die alte nationale Währung bei täglichen oder außergewöhnlichen Einkäufen; Inflationsschub durch die Euro-Einführung; Auslandsreisen; Vorteile durch den Euro: kostengünstigeres Reisen, leichterer Preisvergleich, Verringerung der grenzüberschreitenden Bankgebühren; Kenntnis eines Überschusses des Staatshaushalts im Befragungsland; Kenntnis des Stabilitäts- und Wachstumspakts; Zustimmung zu Reformen: zur Leistungssteigerung der Wirtschaft, Reformen in anderen Euro-Ländern üben Druck auf das eigene Land aus, Notwendigkeit des Sparens zur Vorbereitung auf Auswirkungen des demographischen Wandels, Steuererhöhung zur Finanzierung von Reformen, Reduzierung der Sozialausgaben zur Finanzierung von Reformen, Wunsch nach aktiver Rolle der EU beim Reformprozess im Befragungsland; wichtigste Reformbereiche; eigene Betroffenheit von genannten Reformbereichen; positive oder negative Wirkung der Reformen auf die nationale Wirtschaft; Inflationsrate im letzten Jahr im Befragungsland; erwartete Inflationsrate; Entwicklung des Haushaltseinkommens des Befragten im letzten Jahr sowie erwartete zukünftige Entwicklung. Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter; Alter bei Beendigung der Ausbildung; Beruf; berufliche Stellung; Urbanisierungsgrad. Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Befragten-ID; Interviewer-ID; Interviewsprache; Land; Interviewdatum; Interviewdauer (Interviewbeginn und Interviewende); Interviewmodus (Mobiltelefon oder Festnetz); Region; Gewichtungsfaktor. Attitude towards the EU and the euro. Topics: assessment of the own country’s membership in the EU as a good thing; having the euro is a good thing for the own country and for Europe; changes in feeling European due to the euro; difficulty to distinguish and handle euro bank notes and specific coins; opinion about the number of existing coins and which euro coin denominations should be removed; conversion from the price in euro to the national currency when it comes to exceptional and common purchases; assessment of dual price displays as useful (only in SI, MT, CY); prices increased during the changeover period (only in SI, MT, CY); development of the inflation rate compared with the situation before the introduction of the euro; travels outside the own country at least once a year; impact of the euro introduction: easier traveling, easier price comparisons with other countries, reduction of cross-border banking charges; state of national budget in 2007: surplus, deficit, balance; awareness of the ´Stability and Growth Pact´; need for significant reforms to improve economy; successful reforms in other euro area countries put pressure on national government to reform; governments need to save for the ageing populations; taxes should be increased to finance economic reforms; expenditures should be reduced to finance economic reforms; EU should play an active role in national reforms; importance of reforms in the areas: labour market, health system, pension system, social security system, market reforms, taxation, education systems, reforms in general, reforms in other areas; personally affected by the aforementioned reforms; expected impact of the reforms on national economy; inflation rate in the own country last year; expectations regarding the inflation rate in the current year; development of household income since last year and expectations for current year. Demography: sex; age; age at end of education; occupation; professional position; type of community. Additionally coded was: respondent ID; interviewer ID; language of the interview; country; date of interview; time of the beginning of the interview; duration of the interview; type of phone line; region; weighting factor.

Einstellung zur Europäischen Union und zur Euro-Einführung. Wirtschaftliche Situation. Themen: EU-Mitgliedschaft ist eine gute Sache; der Euro ist eine gute Sache für das Befragungsland sowie für Europa; Veränderung des Identifikationsgefühls als Europäer durch den Euro; Schwierigkeiten mit dem Unterscheiden der Euro-Münzen und Banknoten sowie Nennung der Münzen, die Schwierigkeiten bereiten; Zufriedenheit mit der Menge der unterschiedlichen Münzarten; Münzen, die abgeschafft werden sollten; Umrechnen in die alte nationale Währung bei täglichen oder außergewöhnlichen Einkäufen; nur in Zypern, Malta und Slowenien: Präferenz für duale Preisauszeichnung; empfundene Preiserhöhungen durch die Euro-Einführung; an alle: Inflationsschub durch die Euro-Einführung; Auslandsreisen; Vorteile durch den Euro: kostengünstigeres Reisen, leichterer Preisvergleich, Verringerung der grenzüberschreitenden Bankgebühren; Kenntnis eines Überschusses des Staatshaushalts im Befragungsland; Kenntnis des Stabilitäts- und Wachstumspakts; Zustimmung zu Reformen: zur Leistungssteigerung der Wirtschaft, Reformen in anderen Euro-Ländern üben Druck auf das eigene Land aus, Notwendigkeit des Sparens zur Vorbereitung auf Auswirkungen des demographischen Wandels, Steuererhöhung zur Finanzierung von Reformen, Reduzierung der Sozialausgaben zur Finanzierung von Reformen, Wunsch nach aktiver Rolle der EU beim Reformprozess im Befragungsland; wichtigste Reformbereiche; eigene Betroffenheit von genannten Reformbereichen; positive oder negative Wirkung der Reformen auf die nationale Wirtschaft; Inflationsrate im letzten Jahr im Befragungsland; erwartete Inflationsrate; Entwicklung des Haushaltseinkommens des Befragten im letzten Jahr sowie erwartete zukünftige Entwicklung. Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter; Alter bei Beendigung der Ausbildung; Beruf; berufliche Stellung; Urbanisierungsgrad; Haushaltszusammensetzung und Haushaltsgröße; Besitz eines Mobiltelefons; Festnetztelefon im Haushalt. Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Befragten-ID; Interviewer-ID; Interviewsprache; Land; Interviewdatum; Interviewdauer (Interviewbeginn und Interviewende); Interviewmodus (Mobiltelefon oder Festnetz); Region; Gewichtungsfaktor. Attitude towards the EU and the euro. Topics: assessment of the own country’s membership in the EU as a good thing; having the euro is a good thing for the own country and for Europe; changes in feeling European due to the euro; difficulty to distinguish and handle euro bank notes and specific coins; opinion about the number of existing coins and which euro coin denominations should be removed; conversion from the price in euro to the national currency when it comes to exceptional and common purchases; assessment of dual price displays as useful (only in SI, MT, CY); prices increased during the changeover period (only in SI, MT, CY); development of the inflation rate compared with the situation before the introduction of the euro; travels outside the own country at least once a year; impact of the euro introduction: easier traveling, easier price comparisons with other countries, reduction of cross-border banking charges; state of national budget in 2006: surplus, deficit, balance; awareness of the ´Stability and Growth Pact´; need for significant reforms to improve economy; successful reforms in other euro area countries put pressure on national government to reform; governments need to save for the ageing populations; taxes should be increased to finance economic reforms; expenditures should be reduced to finance economic reforms; EU should play an active role in national reforms; importance of reforms in the areas: labour market, health system, pension system, social security system, market reforms, taxation, education systems, reforms in general, reforms in other areas; personally affected by the aforementioned reforms; expected impact of the reforms on national economy; inflation rate in the own country last year; expectations regarding the inflation rate in the current year; development of household income since last year and expectations for the current year. Demography: sex; age; age at end of education; occupation; professional position; type of community; household composition and household size; own a mobile phone and fixed (landline) phone. Additionally coded was: respondent ID; interviewer ID; language of the interview; country; date of interview; time of the beginning of the interview; duration of the interview; type of phone line; region; weighting factor.

This dataset covers ballots 457-58, 460-68 spanning January-February, April-December 1982 (March exists but is missing from the dataset). The dataset contains the data resulting from these polls in ASCII. The ballots are as follows: 457-1 - January This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and political issues within the country and abroad. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as physically abused children, married women who work and changes in standard of living. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and social variables. Topics of interest include: allowing paid maternity leave; approval of Broadbent as NDP leader; approval of Clark as leader of the Conservative party; approval of Trudeau as Prime Minister; being involved with charities; the best political party to handle energy, unemployment; energy and to unify Canada; Canada-UK relations; changing the standard of living; children who are physically abused; married women who work; talking about politics with friends; and US-Canada relations. Basic demographic variables are also included. 458-1-2 - February This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as the changing standard of living, inflation and unemployment. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and social variables. Topics of interest include: the approval of Broadbent as NDP leader; the approval of Clark as leader of the Conservative party; the approval of Trudeau as Prime Minister; the biggest threat to Canada's future; confidence in the United States problem solving; the dangers of pollution; the importance of Canadian owned industries and resources; increasing the standard of living; the main causes of unemployment; opposing price controls; the political party that would be best for the economy; reducing inflation; reducing unemployment and who would make the best Prime Minister. Basic demographic variables are also included. 460-1-a - April This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly social issues. The questions ask opinions about the ideal number of children to have and the quality of education. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as municipal council spending and regional differences. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical variables. Topics of interest include: the amount of power that the USSR has; community opinion of the teaching profession; the effects of regional differences in Canada; having the government share the cost of child care; how interesting work is; ideal number of children to have; involving unions in politics; learning languages in school; municipal council spending; the quality of education today, compared to the past; successfulness of family life; and wives who work. Basic demographic variables are also included. 461-1 - May This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as common Sunday activities; Falkland Island and smoking. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and social variables. Topics of interest include: attending church; common Sunday activities; the country with legitimate claims to Falkland island; deciding to have a nuclear war, rather than living under Communist rule; Falkland island dispute; influence of religion on everyday life; opinions about Broadbent as NDP leader; opinions about Clark as leader of the Conservative party; opinions about housing; opinions about the Canadian Immigration policy; opinions about Trudeau as the Liberal leader; opinions of the Canadian Constitution; political preferences; reasons for quitting smoking; smoking cigarettes; viewing religious broadcasts; who dominates the household; and with drawling Argentina's troops from Falkland island. Basic demographic variables are also included. 462-1 - June This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on both political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as energy shortages, inflation and swimming ability. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical variables. Topics of interest include: the approval of Broadbent as NDP leader; the approval of Clark as leader of the Conservative party; the approval of Trudeau as Prime Minister; chances of an energy shortage; chances of finding a new job if fired; the energy crisis in Canada; the government's handling of the economy; learning how to swim; the most important problem facing Canada; preferred political leader; the amount recession in the future; reducing unemployment; rising prices and income; success of controlling inflation; swimming ability; taking a job of less pay or lower status; trying to curb inflation; and using a small boat. Basic demographic variables are also included. 463-1 - July This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on political and social issues. Opinions on topics such as the direction Canada is going in, rising interest rates, and voting behaviour were discussed. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical and social variables. Topics of interest include: biggest threat to Canada; business conditions; Canadian defense; direction the country is going in; disarmament; government wage and price control; interest rates; NATO; nuclear War risk; sympathy for Arabs and Israelis; US investment in Canada; voting behaviour. Basic demographic variables are also included. 463-2 - July This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on political and social issues. Opinions on topics such as MacEachen's budget and the federal election were discussed. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical and social variables. Topics of interest include: Macheachen's budget; the federal election; families financial issues. Basic demographic variables are also included. 464-1 - August This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about economic policy and the possibility a new election, as well as other important political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such attending night school; the importance of religion and unemployment. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical variables. Topics of interest include: allowing civil servants to strike; attending night school; the best political party for the economy; calling an election prior to the end of the year; the closeness of student-teacher relations; confidence in the government's handling of inflation; confidence in the government's handling of unemployment; courses taken in night school; honesty and ethic standards of professions; how important religion is; the main causes of unemployment; opinions about children having a different religion then their parents; the productivity of Canadian workers; putting limits on wage increases; the quality of education today, compared to the past; urgent problems facing Canada; and who would make the best Prime Minister. Basic demographic variables are also included. 465-1 - September This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about economic policy and the possibility a new election, as well as other important political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such attending night school; the importance of religion and unemployment. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical variables. Basic demographic variables are also included. 465-4 - September This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about economic policy and the possibility a new election, as well as other important political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such attending night school; the importance of religion and unemployment. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical variables. Basic demographic variables are also included. 466-3 - October This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predictions for 1983 and the chance of war. The questions ask opinions about whether or not 1983 will be better then 1982, as well as other predictions on world peace and striking unions. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as the chances of a world war. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and social variables. Topics of interest include: the chances of a world war breaking out and predictions for 1983. Basic demographic variables are also included. 467-1 - November This

Einstellung zur Europäischen Union und zur Euro-Einführung. Wirtschaftliche Situation. Themen: EU-Mitgliedschaft ist eine gute Sache; der Euro ist eine gute Sache für das eigene Land sowie für Europa; Veränderung des Identifikationsgefühls als Europäer durch den Euro; Schwierigkeiten mit dem Unterscheiden der Euro-Münzen und -Banknoten sowie Nennung der Münzen, die Schwierigkeiten bereiten; Zufriedenheit mit der Menge der unterschiedlichen Münzarten; Münzen, die abgeschafft werden sollten; Umrechnen in die alte nationale Währung bei täglichen oder außergewöhnlichen Einkäufen; Auslandsreisen; Einstellung zu ausgewählten Aussagen zum Euro: kostengünstigeres Reisen, Verringerung grenzüberschreitender Bankgebühren; Präferenz für mehr oder weniger Abstimmung zwischen Euro-Regierungen; Beurteilung von Reformen: zur Verbesserung der Wirtschaft, Reformen in anderen Euro-Ländern üben Druck auf Reformen im eigenen Land aus, Notwendigkeit des Sparens zur Vorbereitung auf Auswirkungen des demographischen Wandels, Steuererhöhung zur Finanzierung von Reformen, Reduzierung der Sozialausgaben zur Finanzierung von Reformen, Wunsch nach aktiver Rolle der EU beim Reformprozess im eigenen Land; Bereiche mit den meisten positiven und negativen Auswirkungen dieser Reformen; wichtigsten Reformbereiche (Arbeitsmarkt, Gesundheitssystem, Rentensystem, Sozialversicherung, Öffnen von Märkten, Besteuerung, Bildungssystem); Kenntnis der Inflationsrate im letzten Jahr im eigenen Land; erwartete Inflationsentwicklung; Entwicklung des Haushaltseinkommens des Befragten im letzten Jahr sowie erwartete zukünftige Entwicklung. In Estland wurde zusätzlich gefragt: Beurteilung der Notwendigkeit der dualen Preisauszeichnung und wahrgenommener Preisanstieg während der Währungsumstellung. Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter; Alter bei Beendigung der Schulbildung; berufliche Position; Urbanisierungsgrad; Besitz von Mobiltelefon und Festnetz-Telefon; Anzahl der Personen im Haushalt ab 15 Jahren. Attitude towards the European Union and the implementation of the Euro as currency. Economic situation. Topics: having the euro is a good thing for the own country and for Europe; changes in feeling European due to the euro; difficulty to distinguish and handle euro bank notes and specific coins; opinion about the number of existing coins and which euro coin denominations should be removed; conversion from the price in euro to the national currency when it comes to exceptional and common purchases; trips abroad; the euro eases travelling/comparing prices and reduces cross-border banking charges; preference for more or less co-ordination among euro-area governments; need for significant reforms to improve economy; successful reforms in other euro area countries put pressure on national government to reform; governments need to save for the ageing populations; retirement age should be increased to ensure sustainability of the pension system; more effectiveness of economic reforms if they are carried out in a coordinated way at EU-level; sectors where reforms have had the most positive and the most negative effects on the national economy; importance of reforms to help increase growth and employment in the areas: labour market, health system, pension system, social security system, market reforms, taxation, education systems; inflation rate in the own country last year; expectations regarding the inflation rate; development of household income since last year and expectations for the current year. Additional questions for Estonia: usefulness of continued dual price displays; prices increased during the changeover period. Demography: age; sex; age when stopped full-time education; occupation; professional position; region; type of community; own a mobile phone and fixed (landline) phone; number of persons in the household aged 15 years and older (household size). Telephone interview: CATI Bevölkerung der jeweiligen Nationalitäten der Mitgliedsstaaten der Euro-Zone, wohnhaft in den jeweiligen 17 Euro-Mitgliedstaaten im Alter von 15 Jahren und älter. Population of the respective nationalities of Member States of the Euro area, resident in each of the 17 Euro Member States and aged 15 years and over.

This dataset covers ballots 445-55 spanning January-November 1981. The dataset contains the data resulting from these polls in ASCII. The ballots are as follows: 445-1 - January This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and other important political issues within the country such as M.P.'s salaries, who would make the best Prime Minister and the government's economic policy. There are also questions on other topics including threats to Canada, inflation and ratings of public schools in the community. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and social variables. Topics of interest include: the approval of Clark as leader of the Conservative party; the approval of Ed Broadbent as NDP leader; the approval of Trudeau as Prime Minister; best party to handle problems; who would make the best Prime Minister for Canada; biggest threat to Canada's future; the Federal government's economic policy; increasing an M.P.'s salary; the most important problem facing the country; rating an M.P.'s job performance; ratings of public schools in the community; and success in controlling inflation. Basic demographic variables are also included. 445-1-z - cleaned version of 445-1 446-1 - February This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on both political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about international relations and other political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as the approval of adding a second C.B.C. network, discrimination and kidnapping. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and social variables. Topics of interest include: the approval of a second C.B.C. network; being discriminated against; the causes of lawlessness; the chances of children having a happy life; the cost of education; criticisms of the education system; favouring capital punishment; the government's handling of kidnappers; the most important thing unions do for its members; quality of education; quality of newspaper reporting; U.S-Canada relations under Reagan. Basic demographic variables are also included. 447-3 - March This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and other political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as the use of seatbelts, using alcoholic beverages and compulsory military service. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and social variables. Topics of interest include: what the favourite sport to watch is; the approval of Broadbent as NDP leader; the approval of Clark as leader of the Conservative party; the approval of Trudeau as Prime Minister; chances of becoming unemployed; chances of finding a job if unemployed; the effects of regional differences on Confederation; the government guaranteeing jobs; helping poor countries; the influence the USSR has on the world; the least amount of income a family needs; making seatbelt use mandatory; opinion of compulsory military service; opinion of PetroCan buying PetroFina; using alcoholic beverages; and using seatbelts. Basic demographic variables are also included. 448-2 - April This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political issues. The questions ask opinions about changing the Constitution and other political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as opinions about the teaching profession, "Reaganomics" and comparing private and government companies. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and social variables. Topics of interest include: adopting "Reaganomics"; the best option if the British parliament rejects patriation; buying back U.S. firms in Canada; comparing pension plans for private and government companies; comparing rate of pay for private and government companies; comparing working conditions for private and government companies; the effects of Reagan policies on Canada; efforts to patriate the Canadian Constitution; including the Charter of Rights in the Constitution; opinions about the teaching profession; opinion of U.S. investment in Canada; opportunities for women at work; performance in the Constitutional debate; whether or not Britain should amend the Canadian Constitution; support for Joe Clark as leader of the Conservative party; using the Canadian Constitution to unite the country. Basic demographic variables are also included. 449-2 - May This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on both political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and other political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as banning certain types of advertisements, filling out a tax return and the type of schools handicapped children should attend. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic variables. Topics of interest include: advertising the dangers of drinking; the approval of Ed Broadbent as NDP leader; the approval of Joe Clark as leader of the Conservative party; the approval of Trudeau as Prime Minister; banning cigarette advertisements; banning liquor advertisements; charging drunk drivers; the country that is ahead in space research; the difficulty of filling out a tax return; the effects of cutting taxes; filling out a tax return; the household member with the best political judgment; how M.P's should vote; increasing the price of alcoholic beverages; making drivers perform breath tests; taking care of the elderly; the type of help received while filling out a tax return; the type of school mentally handicapped children should attend; and the type of school physically handicapped children should attend. Basic demographic variables are also included. 450-1 - June This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly social issues. The questions ask opinions about the influence of television; rising prices and the use of cigarettes. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as the chances of an energy shortage and teen drinking. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and political variables. Topics of interest include: Canada's energy crisis; the chance of an energy shortage in the future; creating smoking areas in restaurants; father as top boss of family; how the government is handling the economy; the influence of television; the minimum amount of income a family needs; rising prices; smoking cigarettes; the successfulness of controlling inflation; teen drinking in the community; and unmarried couples living together. Basic demographic variables are also included. 451-1 - July This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as predicted business conditions; rising prices and the satisfaction with standard of living. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and social variables. Topics of interest include: the approval of Broadbent as leader of the NDP; the approval of Clark as leader of the Conservative party; the approval of Trudeau as Prime Minister; comparing the quality of items; having drivers take regular physicals; the most important problem facing Canada; prediction of business conditions; the preferred mode of transportation for long trips; the preferred type of work week; ratings of business conditions; rising prices; satisfaction with standard of living; and types of deals farmers get from the government. Basic demographic variables are also included. 452-1 - August This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on both political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and other political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, the postal workers strike, creating a permanent voter's list and the ordination of married men. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic variables. Topics of interest include: coping with the postal strike; creating civilian review boards of police; delaying the Eastern electoral ballot; the effects of the ordination of married men on the church; the effects of the ordination of women on the church; having a permanent voter's list; husbands doing housework; increasing an M.P.'s pension; opinions about Broadbent as NDP leader; opinions about Clark as leader of the Conservative party; opinions about Trudeau as Prime Minister; opinions of the offer made to striking postal workers; richer provinces helping poor ones; and the government wasting money. Basic demographic variables are also included. 453-1 - September This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and political issues within the country. There are also questions on other topics of interest and importance to the country and government, such as allowing workers to strike, saying grace and interest rates. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic and