The yield curve, also called the term structure of interest rates, refers to the relationship between the remaining time-to-maturity of debt securities and the yield on those securities. Yield curves have many practical uses, including pricing of various fixed-income securities, and are closely watched by market participants and policymakers alike for potential clues about the markets perception of the path of the policy rate and the macroeconomic outlook. This page provides daily estimated real yield curve parameters, smoothed yields on hypothetical TIPS, and implied inflation compensation, from 1999 to the present. Because this is a staff research product and not an official statistical release, it is subject to delay, revision, or methodological changes without advance notice.

The yield on US 30 Year Bond Yield held steady at 4.64% on October 14, 2025. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.02 points, though it remains 0.32 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. United States 30 Year Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on US 10 Year Note Bond Yield eased to 4.02% on October 14, 2025, marking a 0.03 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.02 points and is 0.01 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. US 10 Year Treasury Bond Note Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on Canada 10Y Bond Yield eased to 3.17% on October 10, 2025, marking a 0.04 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has remained flat, and it is 0.05 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Canada 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on Germany 10Y Bond Yield eased to 2.63% on October 10, 2025, marking a 0.07 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.02 points, though it remains 0.36 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Germany 10-Year Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The FHFA methodology to construct a historically-based shock for a given interest rate is to measure the absolute change at each term point on the corresponding yield curve over a six-month horizon, and then impose that absolute change on the current measure of that yield curve. However, because the current rate environment may differ significantly from the historical rate environment, imposing the historical shock on the current rate can result in a shock scenario that is implausible. Implausible shock scenarios include any that contain negative values for interest rates, and those where the resulting spread between any two different interest rates is inconsistent with the historically observed spread. To ensure that the resulting shock scenarios are plausible, FHFA uses a technique known as parsimonious factorization to represent each yield curve as a five-factor equation, and then applies measures of the shock made in parameter space to the current yield curve parameters to determine the shocked yield curve. This approach facilitates a straightforward means to impose constraints on generating the shock scenario that ensure its plausibility.

The yield on US 3 Year Note Bond Yield eased to 3.49% on October 14, 2025, marking a 0.03 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.02 points and is 0.37 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. United States 3 Year Note Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on Japan 10Y Bond Yield eased to 1.66% on October 14, 2025, marking a 0.03 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has edged up by 0.06 points and is 0.69 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Japan 10 Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

These data and the accompanying R script were used in the analysis for Williams et al (2018) Carbon storage and land-use strategies in agricultural landscapes across three continents Current Biology https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.05.087

The script fits two forms of density-yield curves to the data, describing how aboveground carbon stocks vary with changes in agricultural yield. It then allows users to choose between the curves based on log-likelihood, as well as plotting the curves and constraining fits if necessary. The same method can be used for species population densities (see e.g. Green et al 2005 Science; Phalan et al 2011 Science; Kamp et al 2015 J App. Eco).

The yield on 10 Year TIPS Yield eased to 1.74% on October 10, 2025, marking a 0.05 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has edged up by 0.09 points, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States 10 Year TIPS Yield.

The yield on US 2 Year Note Bond Yield eased to 3.50% on October 14, 2025, marking a 0.01 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.05 points and is 0.46 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. US 2 Year Treasury Bond Note Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on Poland 10Y Bond Yield eased to 5.44% on October 13, 2025, marking a 0.05 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has edged up by 0.12 points, though it remains 0.18 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Poland 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on Japan 30 Year Bond Yield rose to 3.22% on October 14, 2025, marking a 0.03 percentage points increase from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has remained flat, and it is 1.05 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Japan 30 Year Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on US 20 Year Bond Yield eased to 4.59% on October 14, 2025, marking a 0.01 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.02 points, though it remains 0.21 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for US 20Y.

The yield on Australia 10Y Bond Yield eased to 4.24% on October 14, 2025, marking a 0.06 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.03 points and is 0.02 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Australia 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on United Kingdom 10Y Bond Yield held steady at 4.66% on October 13, 2025. Over the past month, the yield has edged up by 0.02 points and is 0.42 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. UK 10 Year Gilt Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on Mexico 10Y Bond Yield eased to 8.56% on October 13, 2025, marking a 0.04 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.06 points and is 1.08 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. Mexico 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on China 10Y Bond Yield eased to 1.76% on October 14, 2025, marking a 0.02 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.13 points and is 0.39 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. China 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on France 10Y Bond Yield eased to 3.42% on October 14, 2025, marking a 0.05 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has fallen by 0.07 points, though it remains 0.46 points higher than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. France 10-Year Government Bond Yield - values, historical data, forecasts and news - updated on October of 2025.

The yield on 5 Year TIPS Yield eased to 1.24% on October 14, 2025, marking a 0.02 percentage points decrease from the previous session. Over the past month, the yield has edged up by 0.09 points, though it remains 0.40 points lower than a year ago, according to over-the-counter interbank yield quotes for this government bond maturity. This dataset includes a chart with historical data for the United States 5 Year TIPS Yield.