Context

Definition: Abortion is the termination of pregnancy by removing or expelling a fetus or fetus from the womb that resulted in or resulted from its death. Miscarriage can happen spontaneously due to complications during pregnancy or it can occur. Can we offer some solutions to do statistics and solve them?

Content

These data include the percentages and ages that the person undergoes with the abortion process

Notes on Specific Variables:

1. Period: This is the period in which the ratios were calculated.
2. Age_of_woman: The ages that vary between the females who have an abortion.

Number of induced abortions, rates of induced abortions per 1,000 females of same age group, proportions of induced abortions across age groups, and ratios of induced abortions per 100 live births, by age group of patient, 1987 to 2001.

Content

The Data Covers the overall statistics regarding the Abortion happened from 1980 to till 2018.

Inspiration

• What are the maximum number General Abortion Rate ?
• Which year has minimum Abortion ?

The 1997 the Kyrgyz Republic Demographic and Health Survey (KRDHS) is a nationally representative survey of 3,848 women age 15-49. Fieldwork was conducted from August to November 1997. The KRDHS was sponsored by the Ministry of Health (MOH), and was funded by the United States Agency for International Development. The Research Institute of Obstetrics and Pediatrics implemented the survey with technical assistance from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program. The purpose of the KRDHS was to provide data to the MOH on factors which determine the health status of women and children such as fertility, contraception, induced abortion, maternal care, infant mortality, nutritional status, and anemia. Some statistics presented in this report are currently available to the MOH from other sources. For example, the MOH collects and regularly publishes information on fertility, contraception, induced abortion and infant mortality. However, the survey presents information on these indices in a manner which is not currently available, i.e., by population subgroups such as those defined by age, marital duration, education, and ethnicity. Additionally, the survey provides statistics on some issues not previously available in the Kyrgyz Republic: for example, breastfeeding practices and anemia status of women and children. When considered together, existing MOH data and the KRDHS data provide a more complete picture of the health conditions in the Kyrgyz Republic than was previously available. A secondary objective of the survey was to enhance the capabilities of institutions in the Kyrgyz Republic to collect, process, and analyze population and health data. MAIN FINDINGS FERTILITY Fertility Rates. Survey results indicate a total fertility rate (TFR) for all of the Kyrgyz Republic of 3.4 children per woman. Fertility levels differ for different population groups. The TFR for women living in urban areas (2.3 children per woman) is substantially lower than for women living in rural areas (3.9). The TFR for Kyrgyz women (3.6 children per woman) is higher than for women of Russian ethnicity (1.5) but lower than Uzbek women (4.2). Among the regions of the Kyrgyz Republic, the TFR is lowest in Bishkek City (1.7 children per woman), and the highest in the East Region (4.3), and intermediate in the North and South Regions (3.1 and3.9, respectively). Time Trends. The KRDHS data show that fertility has declined in the Kyrgyz Republic in recent years. The decline in fertility from 5-9 to 0-4 years prior to the survey increases with age, from an 8 percent decline among 20-24 year olds to a 38 percent decline among 35-39 year olds. The declining trend in fertility can be seen by comparing the completed family size of women near the end of their childbearing years with the current TFR. Completed family size among women 40-49 is 4.6 children which is more than one child greater than the current TFR (3.4). Birth Intervals. Overall, 30 percent of births in the Kyrgyz Republic take place within 24 months of the previous birth. The median birth interval is 31.9 months. Age at Onset of Childbearing. The median age at which women in the Kyrgyz Republic begin childbearing has been holding steady over the past two decades at approximately 21.6 years. Most women have their first birth while in their early twenties, although about 20 percent of women give birth before age 20. Nearly half of married women in the Kyrgyz Republic (45 percent) do not want to have more children. Additional one-quarter of women (26 percent) want to delay their next birth by at least two years. These are the women who are potentially in need of some method of family planning. FAMILY PLANNING Ever Use. Among currently married women, 83 percent report having used a method of contraception at some time. The women most likely to have ever used a method of contraception are those age 30-44 (among both currently married and all women). Current Use. Overall, among currently married women, 60 percent report that they are currently using a contraceptive method. About half (49 percent) are using a modern method of contraception and another 11 percent are using a traditional method. The IUD is by far the most commonly used method; 38 percent of currently married women are using the IUD. Other modern methods of contraception account for only a small amount of use among currently married women: pills (2 percent), condoms (6 percent), and injectables and female sterilization (1 and 2 percent, respectively). Thus, the practice of family planning in the Kyrgyz Republic places high reliance on a single method, the IUD. Source of Methods. The vast majority of women obtain their contraceptives through the public sector (97 percent): 35 percent from a government hospital, and 36 percent from a women counseling center. The source of supply of the method depends on the method being used. For example, most women using IUDs obtain them at women counseling centers (42 percent) or hospitals (39 percent). Government pharmacies supply 46 percent of pill users and 75 percent of condom users. Pill users also obtain supplies from women counseling centers or (33 percent). Fertility Preferences. A majority of women in the Kyrgyz Republic (45 percent) indicated that they desire no more children. By age 25-29, 20 percent want no more children, and by age 30-34, nearly half (46 percent) want no more children. Thus, many women come to the preference to stop childbearing at relatively young ages-when they have 20 or more potential years of childbearing ahead of them. For some of these women, the most appropriate method of contraception may be a long-acting method such as female sterilization. However, there is a deficiency of use of this method in the Kyrgyz Republic. In the interests of providing a broad range of safe and effective methods, information about and access to sterilization should be increased so that individual women can make informed decisions about using this method. INDUCED ABORTION Abortion Rates. From the KRDHS data, the total abortion rate (TAR)-the number of abortions a woman will have in her lifetime based on the currently prevailing abortion rates-was calculated. For the Kyrgyz Republic, the TAR for the period from mid-1994 to mid-1997 is 1.6 abortions per woman. The TAR for the Kyrgyz Republic is lower than recent estimates of the TAR for other areas of the former Soviet Union such as Kazakhstan (1.8), and Yekaterinburg and Perm in Russia (2.3 and 2.8, respectively), but higher than for Uzbekistan (0.7). The TAR is higher in urban areas (2.1 abortions per woman) than in rural areas (1.3). The TAR in Bishkek City is 2.0 which is two times higher than in other regions of the Kyrgyz Republic. Additionally the TAR is substantially lower among ethnic Kyrgyz women (1.3) than among women of Uzbek and Russian ethnicities (1.9 and 2.2 percent, respectively). INFANT MORTALITY In the KRDHS, infant mortality data were collected based on the international definition of a live birth which, irrespective of the duration of pregnancy, is a birth that breathes or shows any sign of life (United Nations, 1992). Mortality Rates. For the five-year period before the survey (i.e., approximately mid-1992 to mid1997), infant mortality in the Kyrgyz Republic is estimated at 61 infant deaths per 1,000 births. The estimates of neonatal and postneonatal mortality are 32 and 30 per 1,000. The MOH publishes infant mortality rates annually but the definition of a live birth used by the MOH differs from that used in the survey. As is the case in most of the republics of the former Soviet Union, a pregnancy that terminates at less than 28 weeks of gestation is considered premature and is classified as a late miscarriage even if signs of life are present at the time of delivery. Thus, some events classified as late miscarriages in the MOH system would be classified as live births and infant deaths according to the definitions used in the KRDHS. Infant mortality rates based on the MOH data for the years 1983 through 1996 show a persistent declining trend throughout the period, starting at about 40 per 1,000 in the early 1980s and declining to 26 per 1,000 in 1996. This time trend is similar to that displayed by the rates estimated from the KRDHS. Thus, the estimates from both the KRDHS and the Ministry document a substantial decline in infant mortality; 25 percent over the period from 1982-87 to 1992-97 according to the KRDHS and 28 percent over the period from 1983-87 to 1993-96 according to the MOH estimates. This is strong evidence of improvements in infant survivorship in recent years in the Kyrgyz Republic. It should be noted that the rates from the survey are much higher than the MOH rates. For example, the KRDHS estimate of 61 per 1,000 for the period 1992-97 is twice the MOH estimate of 29 per 1,000 for 1993-96. Certainly, one factor leading to this difference are the differences in the definitions of a live birth and infant death in the KRDHS survey and in the MOH protocols. A thorough assessment of the difference between the two estimates would need to take into consideration the sampling variability of the survey's estimate. However, given the magnitude of the difference, it is likely that it arises from a combination of definitional and methodological differences between the survey and MOH registration system. MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH The Kyrgyz Republic has a well-developed health system with an extensive infrastructure of facilities that provide maternal care services. This system includes special delivery hospitals, the obstetrics and gynecology departments of general hospitals, women counseling centers, and doctor's assistant/midwife posts (FAPs). There is an extensive network of FAPs throughout the rural areas. Delivery. Virtually all births in the Kyrgyz Republic (96 percent) are delivered at health facilities: 95 percent in delivery hospitals and another 1 percent in either general hospitals

Number of teen pregnancies and rates per 1,000 females, by pregnancy outcome (live births, induced abortions, or fetal loss), by age groups 15 to 17 years and 18 to 19 years, 1998 to 2000.

Number of induced abortions, by area of report (Canada, province or territory, and abortions reported by American states), by type of facility performing the abortion (hospital or clinic), 1970 to 2006.

Selective elimination of excess offspring with poor fitness prospects may occur prenatally (selective abortion) or postnatally (brood reduction). Postnatal reduction is the dominant strategy, presumably because surplus progeny serves as a hedge against environmental and developmental uncertainty. In birds, its main proximate mechanism is asynchronous hatching, generating within-brood competitive asymmetry. Here, clutch-size reduction via last-egg abandonment was investigated in the asynchronously hatching red-necked grebe in a study area comprising two human-managed poorly predictable habitats with distinctly different food supplies. Last-egg abandonment, virtually absent in favorable food conditions, occurred regularly in larger clutches in conditions of brood-stage food scarcity. In the food-poor habitat, the production and body condition of fledglings did not differ between last-egg abandoning and caring pairs. The experimentally prolonged hatching interval increased the egg abandonm...

Vastaajia pyydettiin aluksi kertomaan ovatko he samaa vai eri mieltä erilaisten väittämien kanssa, jotka koskivat mm. vapaata moraalia, sukupuoliyhteyden oikeutusta ilman rakkautta, naisen oikeutta tehdä aloite, homoseksuaalista käyttäytymistä, miesten moni- ja naisten yksiavioisuutta, tilapäisten sukupuolisuhteiden tyydyttävyyttä, tilapäisten syrjähyppyjen hyväksyntää, pornografian ostamista, lasten synnyttämisen kannattavuutta ja nuorten sukupuolikäyttäytymistä. Vastaajien terveydentilaa selvitettiin pyytämällä vastaajaa nimeämään hänellä viimeksi kuluneen vuoden aikana olleet erilaiset sairaudet ja oireet. Lisäksi kysyttiin onko hän tupakoinut säännöllisesti, missä määrin käyttää alkoholia ja milloin viimeksi käytti alkoholia. Vain naisilta kysyttiin onko vastaajalla ollut raskauksia, kuinka monta elävänä tai kuolleena syntynyttä lasta, keskenmenoa tai aborttia hänellä on ollut ja kuinka monta lasta on elossa. Lisäksi kysyttiin oliko vastaaja raskaana avioliittoa solmittaessa ja oliko raskaus pääasiallinen syy avioliiton solmimiselle. Rakastumiseen liittyen tiedusteltiin kuinka moneen henkilöön vastaaja on ollut rakastunut, rakastuuko hän helposti, onko hän kokenut syvää pettymystä rakkaudessa ja onko tällä hetkellä olemassa joku, jota hän rakastaa tai joka rakastaa häntä. Ensimmäiseen yhdyntään liittyen kysyttiin missä se tapahtui, menikö vastaaja naimisiin ensimmäisen sukupuolikumppaninsa kanssa, halusiko vastaaja yhdyntää, käytettiinkö siinä jotain ehkäisymenetelmää, oliko vastaaja nauttinut alkoholia, minkälainen kokemus yhdyntä oli ja katuiko hän jälkeenpäin. Lisäksi kysyttiin minkä ikäinen hän oli kokiessaan ensisuudelman, ensimmäisen kerran vakituisesti seurustellessaan ja ensimmäisen sukupuoliyhteyden aikaan. Naimisissa olevilta vastaajilta kysyttiin onko heidän avioliittonsa onnellinen, saako vastaaja puolisoltaan ymmärtämystä, onko sukupuoliasioista keskusteleminen puolison kanssa helppoa ja kuinka tärkeää sukupuolielämä on avioliiton onnellisuudelle. Kaikilta vastaajilta kysyttiin ovatko he saaneet tietoja sukupuolielämään liittyvistä asioista lapsuudenkodissaan tai sukupuolivalistusta koulussa. Lisäksi kysyttiin kuinka usein vastaaja haluaisi olla sukupuoliyhteydessä, ovatko vastaajan kokemat sukupuoliyhteydet olleet miellyttäviä, kuinka usein hän on ollut sukupuoliyhteydessä viimeisen kuukauden aikana, milloin hän oli viimeksi sukupuoliyhteydessä ja mitä ehkäisymenetelmiä vastaaja tai hänen kumppaninsa on käyttänyt. Viimeiseen yhdyntään liittyen kysyttiin kenen kanssa se oli tapahtunut, oliko vastaaja nauttinut alkoholia, kumpi teki aloitteen, millainen kokemus se oli ja missä asennossa se tapahtui. Lisäksi kysyttiin liittyykö vastaajan yhdyntöihin yleensä esileikkejä, suudelmia tai hyväilyjä. Naisille esitettiin kysymyksiä orgasmista, raskauden pelon vaikutuksesta sukupuolielämään, aviomiehen mahdollisesta impotenssista ja vaihdevuosien vaikutuksesta sukupuoliseen haluun. Miehiltä kysyttiin vastaavasti onko heillä esiintynyt impotenssia tai yhtäjaksoista kyvyttömyyttä ja ovatko he neuvotelleet asiasta lääkärin kanssa. Kaikille esitettiin kysymykset itsetyydytyksen harjoittamisesta, sukupuolivietin kohdistumisesta ja pornografisen kirjallisuuden lukemisesta. Lopuksi tiedusteltiin vielä vastaajan arviota sukupuolielämästään kokonaisuutena. Taustamuuttujina ovat muun muassa asuinlääni, kuntamuoto, sukupuoli, äidinkieli, koulutus, siviilisääty, avioliiton solmimisikä, lasten lukumäärä, työmarkkina-asema, lapsuuden asuinpaikka, yhteiskuntaluokka johon katsoo kuuluvansa, huoltajan yhteiskuntaluokka, perheen tulot, kuuluminen kirkkoon, puolison ikä ja puolison koulutus. This is the first national, representative survey on Finnish sexual life, sexual habits and sexual behaviour. At first, respondents were asked to indicate to what extent they agreed with attitudinal statements relating to sexual freedom, sex without love, women's right to take the sexual initiative, homosexual relationships, polygamy of men and monogamy of women, casual affairs, viewing pornography, sexual behaviour of young people and whether it is worthwhile to have children. Respondents' health was charted by asking whether they had suffered from certain symptoms (e.g. headache) or illnesses (e.g. angina pectoris, cancer) during the past year. Smoking and drinking habits were surveyed. Women were asked about pregnancies, number of births (live or stillborn), miscarriages and abortions, and how many live children they had. They were also asked whether they had been pregnant at the time of their wedding and whether this was the reason for getting married. Sex education received was surveyed. Other questions examined the number of persons respondents had been in love with, did they fall in love easily, about disappointments in love and whether they loved and were loved by someone. Respondents were asked at what age they had experienced their first kiss, first steady relationship, first intercourse. Several questions pertained to the first-ever intercourse: where it happened, use of contraception, had the respondent wanted it, what was it like and did she/he regret it later and did she/he marry the first partner. Married respondents evaluated the happiness of their marriage and how important sex was to happiness. They were asked whether it was easy to discuss sex with their spouse. Questions covered how much sex respondents would like to have, how satisfactory sex was, how often they had sex, when was the last time and whether they had used contraception. The most recent intercourse was studied in detail: with whom, was alcohol consumed, who made the initiative, pleasantness of the experience, position used. Sexual foreplay habits were also charted. Female respondents were asked about reaching orgasm, fear of pregnancy, impotence of the partner and impact of menopause on sex. Male respondents were asked about experiencing impotence or other sexual problems and whether they had sought medical help. Other topics included extra-marital affairs, masturbation and sexual orientation. Respondents evaluated how satisfactory their sex life was on the whole. Background variables included region of residence, municipality type, sex, mother tongue, education, marital status, age when married, number of children, employment, social class of the respondent and his/her father, family income, church membership and age and education of the spouse.