The largest reported data leakage as of January 2024 was the Cam4 data breach in March 2020, which exposed more than 10 billion data records. The second-largest data breach in history so far, the Yahoo data breach, occurred in 2013. The company initially reported about one billion exposed data records, but after an investigation, the company updated the number, revealing that three billion accounts were affected. The National Public Data Breach was announced in August 2024. The incident became public when personally identifiable information of individuals became available for sale on the dark web. Overall, the security professionals estimate the leakage of nearly three billion personal records. The next significant data leakage was the March 2018 security breach of India's national ID database, Aadhaar, with over 1.1 billion records exposed. This included biometric information such as identification numbers and fingerprint scans, which could be used to open bank accounts and receive financial aid, among other government services.

Cybercrime - the dark side of digitalization As the world continues its journey into the digital age, corporations and governments across the globe have been increasing their reliance on technology to collect, analyze and store personal data. This, in turn, has led to a rise in the number of cyber crimes, ranging from minor breaches to global-scale attacks impacting billions of users – such as in the case of Yahoo. Within the U.S. alone, 1802 cases of data compromise were reported in 2022. This was a marked increase from the 447 cases reported a decade prior. The high price of data protection As of 2022, the average cost of a single data breach across all industries worldwide stood at around 4.35 million U.S. dollars. This was found to be most costly in the healthcare sector, with each leak reported to have cost the affected party a hefty 10.1 million U.S. dollars. The financial segment followed closely behind. Here, each breach resulted in a loss of approximately 6 million U.S. dollars - 1.5 million more than the global average.

During the third quarter of 2024, data breaches exposed more than 422 million records worldwide. Since the first quarter of 2020, the highest number of data records were exposed in the first quarter of 202, more than 818 million data sets. Data breaches remain among the biggest concerns of company leaders worldwide. The most common causes of sensitive information loss were operating system vulnerabilities on endpoint devices. Which industries see the most data breaches? Meanwhile, certain conditions make some industry sectors more prone to data breaches than others. According to the latest observations, the public administration experienced the highest number of data breaches between 2021 and 2022. The industry saw 495 reported data breach incidents with confirmed data loss. The second were financial institutions, with 421 data breach cases, followed by healthcare providers. Data breach cost Data breach incidents have various consequences, the most common impact being financial losses and business disruptions. As of 2023, the average data breach cost across businesses worldwide was 4.45 million U.S. dollars. Meanwhile, a leaked data record cost about 165 U.S. dollars. The United States saw the highest average breach cost globally, at 9.48 million U.S. dollars.

During the first half of 2024, around 88 percent of cyberattacks carried out in Italy had cybercrime as a purpose. Cyber espionage was another motivation, representing the main reason behind roughly four percent of attacks. By contrast, information warfare only accounted for two percent of the cyberattacks in the country in the last examined period. Data breaches in Italy In 2023, over half of the Italian digital population was alerted that their personal data had been breached, and 77.5 percent of the alerted users had the misfortune of being affected by data compromise on the dark web. Despite a decrease in the number of data sets affected in data breaches between 2020 and 2023, Italy recorded almost one million exposed data sets at the beginning of 2023.Meanwhile, the average cost of data breaches for both Italian companies and targeted users kept growing, reaching 4.73 million U.S. dollars in 2024, up from the 3.86 million U.S. dollars recorded in the previous year. The Italian privacy landscape: GDPR effects As a state member of the European Union, Italy is covered by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Since 2018, the GDPR has regulated online data privacy and has the responsibility to represent consumers’ interests within the digital and tech landscape of the Union. As of 2023, approximately 265 fines were issued in Italy due to violations of the GDPR – making Italy the second country in Europe with the highest number of violations dispensed to tech companies. The highest GDPR fine ever issued in Italy was at the expense of Telecom Italia (TIM), one of the largest Italian telecommunications companies. TIM was fined approximately 27.8 million euros in January 2020. GDPR is enforced and helped by the country's Garante della Privacy, the national institution overseeing Italian users’ online rights, cybersecurity, and digital privacy.

Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. The Cyber Security Breaches Survey, 2024 (CSBS) was run to understand organisations' approaches and attitudes to cyber security, and to understand their experience of cyber security breaches. The aim of the survey was to support the Government by providing evidence that can inform policies which help to make Britain a safer place to do business online. Details of changes for the 2024 survey can be found in the Technical Annex documentation. These surveys have been conducted annually since 2016 to understand the views of UK organisations on cyber security. Data are collected on topics including online use; attitudes of organisations to cyber security and awareness of Government initiatives; approaches to cyber security (including investment and processes); incidences and impact of a cyber security breach or attack; and how breaches are dealt with by the organisation. This information helps to inform Government policy towards organisations, including how best to target key messages to businesses and charities so that they are cyber-secure (and so that the UK is the safest place in the world to do business online). The study is funded by the DSIT as part of the National Cyber Security Programme. The underlying data are useful for researchers to better understand the response across a range of organisations and for wider comparability over time. The survey originally only covered businesses but was expanded to include charities from the 2018 survey onwards. From 2020, the survey includes a sample of education institutions (primary and secondary schools, further and higher education). Please note that the UK Data Service only holds data from 2018 onwards. Further information and additional publications can be found on the GOV.UK Cyber Security Breaches Survey 2024 web page. Main Topics: Organisational cyber security, views, experiences and behaviours of organisations (UK businesses, charities and educational institutions) on cyber security and cyber security breaches.

In 2023, ransomware was the most frequently detected cyberattack worldwide, with around 70 percent of all detected cyberattacks. Network breaches ranked second, with almost 19 percent of the detections. Although less frequently, data exfiltration was also among the detected cyberattacks.

Dragon_Pi

Dragon_Pi is an intrusion detection dataset for IoT devices. In the field of IoT security there are few datasets, and those which do exist tend to focus solely on network traffic. The Dragon_Pi dataset seeks to provide not only more data for the field of IoT security, but also, data of a somewhat under-published type: linear time series power consumption data.

Dragon_Pi is a fully labelled Intrusion Detection dataset for IoT devices. It is composed of both normal and under-attack power consumption data obtained from two separate testbeds - one using a DragonBoard 410c and the other a Raspberry Pi Model 3 - Hence the moniker Dragon_Pi.

These testbeds were set up with predefined normal behavour as described in the attached publications. The normal linear time series power consumption was sampled from the testbed under these normal conditions. Both testbeds were then attacked using some common attacks on IoT - the linear time series power consumption captured under these condtions as well.

Specifically, the testbeds were subjected to the Port Scan (using Nmap), SSH Brute Force (using Hydra) and SYNFlood Denial of Service (using Hping3) attacks. These attacks were repeated to gain insight to what their signatures looked like and also how varying the tool settings effected the resultant signature. A fourth type of scenario was also conducted on the testbeds - the "Capture the Flag" scenarios. In these files multiple attack types were used with a more specific target - to exfiltrate a hidden file from the testbeds.

Each file has three hierarchical levels of annotation for each sample within:

1. A simple "Normal or Anomaly" label for the specific sample
2. A specifc attack type label e.g. "SSH Bruteforce", for the specific sample
3. A specific tool setting for that attack e.g. "Hydra_T16", for the specific sample

Users can decide for themselves what level of annotation they require for their specific task.

Each file in the Dragon_Pi dataset is accompanied by its own legend file. This file explains the contents of the specific .csv file and the specific indexes of the events within.

The Dragon_Pi dataset consists of approximately 67 files, as shown in Table 1. Compressed, the datset totals approximately 13GB. Completely decompressed the dataset is approximately 80GB ( 30GB Pi data, 50 GB Dragon data).

In 2023, the number of data compromises in the United States stood at 3,205 cases. Meanwhile, over 353 million individuals were affected in the same year by data compromises, including data breaches, leakage, and exposure. While these are three different events, they have one thing in common. As a result of all three incidents, the sensitive data is accessed by an unauthorized threat actor. Industries most vulnerable to data breaches Some industry sectors usually see more significant cases of private data violations than others. This is determined by the type and volume of the personal information organizations of these sectors store. In 2022, healthcare, financial services, and manufacturing were the three industry sectors that recorded most data breaches. The number of healthcare data breaches in the United States has gradually increased within the past few years. In the financial sector, data compromises increased almost twice between 2020 and 2022, while manufacturing saw an increase of more than three times in data compromise incidents. Largest data exposures worldwide In 2020, an adult streaming website, CAM4, experienced a leakage of nearly 11 billion records. This, by far, is the most extensive reported data leakage. This case, though, is unique because cyber security researchers found the vulnerability before the cyber criminals. The second-largest data breach is the Yahoo data breach, dating back to 2013. The company first reported about one billion exposed records, then later, in 2017, came up with an updated number of leaked records, which was three billion. In March 2018, the third biggest data breach happened, involving India’s national identification database Aadhaar. As a result of this incident, over 1.1 billion records were exposed.

This document highlights the cyber threats facing individuals and organizations in Canada. It provides an update to the National Cyber Threat Assessment 2018 (NCTA 2018) and the National Cyber Threat Assessment 2020 (NCTA 2020), with analysis of the interim years and forecasts until 2024. We recommend reading the NCTA 2023-24 along with the updated Introduction to the Cyber Threat Environment and the tailored advice and guidance that we have released as companions to this assessment.

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Industrial Control Systems Security Market Size 2024-2028

The industrial control systems (ICS) security market size is forecast to increase by USD 12.2 billion at a CAGR of 8.16% between 2023 and 2028. The market is experiencing significant growth due to several key trends and challenges. One major trend is the increasing deployment of smart grids in the power sector, which necessitates advanced security measures to protect against cyber threats. Another trend is the adoption of hybrid security models that combine multiple security technologies to enhance system reliability and production throughput. However, the lack of enforceable security laws poses a significant challenge to market growth. Key industries such as oil and gas, banking and finance, transportation, utilities, electric power grids, and pharmaceutical manufacturing and biotech industries are particularly vulnerable to cyber-attacks. Government agencies like the Department of Energy and the Department of Defense are also increasing their focus on ICS security to safeguard critical infrastructure.

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The market is a significant sector that focuses on safeguarding the digital assets and infrastructure of critical infrastructure organizations. These systems are integral to the smooth operation of various industries, including chemical, public safety, and energy, among others. With the increasing interconnectedness of industrial networks and the proliferation of advanced technologies, securing ICS has become a pivotal concern for stakeholders. Federal laws and cybersecurity standards mandate that organizations implementing ICS adhere to stringent security measures to protect their pivotal assets from network security threats. The IT workforce plays a crucial role in ensuring the effective implementation of these measures.

Moreover, cybersecurity organizations are tasked with providing the necessary training and resources to help IT professionals stay updated on the latest threats and best practices. Critical infrastructure stakeholders recognize the importance of securing their ICS against hacker groups and criminals. Database security is a primary concern, as these systems often store sensitive information. The system type, be it Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) or Distributed Control Systems (DCS), requires specialized security solutions. Connected sensors and controllers are essential components of modern industrial networks. Big data and analytics can help identify potential vulnerabilities and threats in real time. However, these advanced technologies also introduce new risks, making it essential to implement security measures.

Furthermore, the purchasing power of organizations in the US drives the growth of the ICS security market. The market is witnessing a growing demand for solutions that can provide comprehensive protection against network security threats. Hackers continue to target ICS, putting public safety systems and critical infrastructure at risk. Database security is a critical aspect of ICS security. Hackers often target databases to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information. Effective database security solutions can help prevent data breaches and protect against cyber attacks. ICS security solutions must be tailored to the specific needs of different industries. For instance, the chemical industry requires solutions that can protect against threats such as malware and ransomware, while public safety systems need solutions that can ensure system availability and reliability.

In conclusion, the ICS security market is a vital sector that plays a crucial role in protecting critical infrastructure and ensuring public safety. With the increasing interconnectedness of industrial networks and the evolving threat landscape, it is essential to invest in advanced security solutions to safeguard against network security threats.

Market Segmentation

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD billion' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Type

  Network security
  Cloud security


End-user

  Oil and gas
  Power
  Chemicals and mining
  Automotive
  Others


Geography

  North America

    US


  APAC

    China
    Japan


  Europe

    Germany
    UK


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Type Insights

The network security segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period. Industrial Control Systems (ICS) security is essential for safeguarding critical infrastructure and ensuring uninterrupted availability of business operations in various sectors such as energy and infrastructure. ICS security focuses on securing the networks and control systems that m

As of December 2024, the most significant data breach incident in the United States was the Yahoo data breach that dates back to 2013-2016. Impacting over three billion online users, this incident still remains one of the most significant data breaches worldwide. The second-biggest case was the January 2021 data breach at Microsoft, involving about 30 thousand companies in the United States and around 60 thousand companies around the world.

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Managed File Transfer Software Market Size 2024-2028

The managed file transfer software market size is forecast to increase by USD 456.1 million at a CAGR of 8.7% between 2023 and 2028.

The market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the increasing demand for secure and automated solutions. Cloud-based offerings are gaining popularity due to their flexibility and scalability. Automation is another key trend, as organizations seek to streamline file transfer processes and reduce manual efforts. Two primary categories of file transfer exist: system-centric and people-centric.
Similarly, system-centric solutions focus on transferring large files between systems, while people-centric solutions prioritize the transfer of files between individuals. Extreme file transfer, which involves moving massive files or data sets, is also a growing market. Cyberattacks pose a significant challenge, making data security a top priority. Integration with smart applications is another important consideration, enabling seamless workflows and improving overall efficiency.

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The managed file transfer (MFT) market in North America is witnessing significant growth as businesses increasingly adopt cloud-based solutions for their data transfer needs. This shift towards cloud adoption is driven by the need for high-performance, secure, and automated methods to transfer data between business applications and IT workflows. Cloud-based MFT solutions offer several advantages over traditional methods. They provide increased flexibility, enabling remote working and seamless integration with various business applications. Moreover, they offer advanced security features, such as encryption, authentication, access control, audit trails, and compliance with industry standards.
However, with the increasing adoption of cloud-based MFT solutions, there are also new challenges. Cyberattacks, hacking, and malware pose significant threats to data security. Therefore, it is crucial for organizations in data-sensitive sectors, including financial institutions, to implement robust security measures. Modern MFT solutions offer modular designs, enabling organizations to customize their solutions according to their specific requirements. These solutions come with business application connectors, making it easier for organizations to integrate their IT workflows and streamline their data transfer processes. Automation is another key trend in the MFT market. Automating data transfer processes reduces manual errors, saves time, and improves overall efficiency.
Furthermore, automation helps organizations comply with cybersecurity regulations, such as HIPAA and PCI-DSS, by ensuring secure and auditable data transfer. The e-commerce sector is also a significant contributor to the growth of the MFT market. With the increasing popularity of online shopping, there is a growing need for secure and efficient data transfer between various parties involved in the transaction, including merchants, payment gateways, and logistics providers. In conclusion, the MFT market in North America is witnessing significant growth, driven by the need for secure, automated, and high-performance data transfer solutions. Cloud adoption, data security, and application integration are the key trends shaping the market. Organizations in data-sensitive sectors, including financial institutions and e-commerce, are increasingly adopting MFT solutions to streamline their data transfer processes and enhance their cybersecurity posture.

How is this market segmented and which is the largest segment?

The market research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Sector

  Large enterprises
  SMEs


Geography

  North America

    Canada
    Mexico
    US


  Europe

    Germany
    UK
    France
    Italy


  APAC

    China
    India
    Japan


  South America



  Middle East and Africa

By Sector Insights

The large enterprises segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

In today's data-driven business landscape, managing file transfers is a crucial aspect for enterprises. Merely transferring files from one location to another is no longer sufficient. Advanced technologies are necessary for large enterprises to automate and secure file transfers, providing insights into employee interactions with data. Early file transfer protocols, such as FTP, lacked security features. Subsequently, secure FTP solutions emerged, offering end-to-end encryption, ensuring data confidentiality during transfer over public networks. Enterprise-level file transfer involves several considerations. Complex business operatio

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Fraud Detection And Prevention Market Size 2024-2028

The fraud detection and prevention market size is forecast to increase by USD 86.68 billion at a CAGR of 27.17% between 2023 and 2028.

In the current business landscape, the market is experiencing significant growth due to several key factors. The increasing adoption of cloud infrastructure services, such as cloud computing and big data, is driving market expansion. These technologies enable organizations to store and process large volumes of data, which is essential for advanced fraud detection techniques like anomaly detection. Moreover, the healthcare services sector is increasingly relying on fraud detection solutions to safeguard sensitive patient data. In addition, the rise of business intelligence (BI) and machine-to-machine (M2M) services is leading to an increased need for robust fraud prevention measures. Phone-based authentication solutions are also gaining popularity as an effective method for securing user identities and preventing fraud. The technological advancement in fraud detection and prevention solutions and services, coupled with the complexity of IT infrastructure, is further fueling market growth.

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The market encompasses a range of solutions designed to safeguard businesses and organizations from various types of financial and data breaches. Key end-use industries, including healthcare, manufacturing, governments, and IT , business intelligence and telecom, among others, increasingly rely on advanced technologies to mitigate risks. Market dynamics are driven by the growing adoption of cloud-based solutions, big data analytics, and blockchain technology. These innovations enable real-time fraud detection, enhancing the ability to prevent incidents such as payment fraud, identity theft, phishing scams, and money laundering. 
SMEs and large enterprises across sectors like travel and transportation, energy and utilities, media and entertainment, professional services, and insurance claims face similar challenges, making the market expansive and diverse. Authentication solutions, real-time fraud detection, and managed services are integral components of the market, catering to the evolving needs of businesses in an increasingly digital world.

How is this Fraud Detection And Prevention Industry segmented and which is the largest segment?

The fraud detection and prevention industry research report provides comprehensive data (region-wise segment analysis), with forecasts and estimates in 'USD million' for the period 2024-2028, as well as historical data from 2018-2022 for the following segments.

Component

  Solutions
  Services


End-user

  Large enterprise
  SMEs


Geography

  North America

    US
    Canada


  Europe

    Germany
    Spain
    UK


  APAC

    China
    Japan
    India


  South America

    South Africa


  Middle East and Africa

By Component Insights

The solutions segment is estimated to witness significant growth during the forecast period.

The market is experiencing significant growth due to escalating cyber threats and the increasing need for robust security measures. Key drivers include the rising number of fraudulent activities such as identity theft, money laundering, and phishing scams, as well as economic uncertainty and the pandemic. In the solutions segment, authentication solutions have emerged as a major revenue generator. However, the high cost of biometric technology may hinder growth in this area. SMEs, healthcare, manufacturing, end-use enterprises, governments, IT and telecom, travel and transportation, energy and utilities, media and entertainment, and financial institutions are among the key industries investing in fraud detection and prevention. Digital technologies, including cloud-based solutions, Big Data, artificial intelligence, and machine learning, are increasingly being adopted for real-time fraud detection. Fraud complexity and online data transactions pose significant challenges, necessitating proactive measures and trained cybersecurity professionals.

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The Solutions segment was valued at USD 11.84 billion in 2018 and showed a gradual increase during the forecast period.

Regional Analysis

North America is estimated to contribute 40% to the growth of the global market during the forecast period.

Technavio's analysts have elaborately explained the regional trends and drivers that shape the market during the forecast period.

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The North American the market is projected to expand substantially due to the increasing prevalence of cyber threats in sectors like healthcare

Cyber attacks on businesses are becoming more frequent, targeted, and complex. The effects of a cyber attack go well beyond the direct financial consequences. In 2024, 47 percent of respondents indicated greater difficulty in attracting new customers as the main consequence of cyber attacks.

Between the second quarter of 2022 and the third quarter of 2024, the number of records exposed to account breaches in Thailand fluctuated significantly. Over 690,000 datasets were reported as having been leaked in the third quarter of 2024, compared to around 166,000 during the same quarter of the previous year.

Over 740,000 cases of cyber crime were reported to the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) in India within the first four months of 2024 alone. The number of cyber crimes in the country saw a massive spike between 2019 and 2020 and have been on the rise ever since. Roughly 85 percent of the reports in 2024 were related to online financial fraud.

Between January and September 2024, healthcare organizations in the United States saw 491 large-scale data breaches, resulting in the loss of over 500 records. This figure has increased significantly in the last decade. To date, the highest number of large-scale data breaches in the U.S. healthcare sector was recorded in 2023, with a reported 745 cases.

As of 2023, over 72 percent of businesses worldwide were affected by ransomware attacks. This figure represents an increase on the previous five years and was by far the highest figure reported. Overall, since 2018, more than half of the total survey respondents each year stated that their organizations had been victimized by ransomware. Most targeted industries
In 2023, the healthcare industry in the United States was once again most targeted by ransomware attacks. This industry also suffers most data breaches as a consequence of cyberattacks. The critical manufacturing industry ranked second by the number of ransomware attacks, followed by the government facilities industry. Ransomware in the manufacturing industry
The manufacturing industry, along with its subindustries, is constantly targeted by ransomware attacks, causing data loss, business disruptions, and reputational damage. Often, such cyberattacks are international and have a political intent. In 2023, compromised credentials were the leading cause of ransomware attacks in the manufacturing industry.

In 2024, online frauds were the most reported cyber threat incidents announced by Cybersecurity Malaysia with more than 3,800 reports. This was followed by content related cyber crime with 533 cases. CyberSecurity Malaysia is a government agency that deals with internet safety and operates under the Malaysian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation. Risks of scams in e-commerce leading internet activities. Meanwhile, the Malaysian internet users have experienced cybercrime, only 18.9 percent

The most vulnerable area to cyberattacks in Polish companies was the customer and contact database in 2024.

In 2023, the monetary damage caused by cybercrime reported to the United States' Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) saw a year-over-year increase of around 21 percent, amounting to a historical peak of 12.5 billion U.S. dollars. Cybercrime in the U.S. Cybercrime continues to be one of the biggest challenges for governments around the world. In the United States, phishing and personal data breaches were among the most reported categories of cybercrime in 2022, with over 300 thousand people falling victim to phishing attacks. Additionally, data breaches cost the U.S. organizations over nine million U.S. dollars on average as of January 2023. Identity theft is a serious issue in the U.S. Along with other reported online crimes, identity theft was a prevalent issue that affected millions of people in the United States. The country ranked second globally in reported cases of identity theft, with an estimated 13.5 million Americans falling victim to this crime. As a result, millions of users had their lives turned upside down. In January 2023, 43 percent of identity theft victims reported wasting their time resolving issues, while 33 percent had no choice but to freeze their credit cards. Furthermore, sometimes threat actors targeted seniors, as in 2022, more than 4800 individuals over 60 reported being victims of identity theft.