This EnviroAtlas dataset summarizes by county the number of farm operations with dairy cows and the number of heads they manage. The data come from the Census of Agriculture, which is administered every five years by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), and include the years 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017. The Census classifies cattle managed on operations as beef cows, dairy cows, or other cattle (which encompasses heifers, steers, bulls, and calves). Only data regarding dairy cows are displayed in this layer. Operations are categorized into small, medium, or large, based on how many heads they manage. For each county and Census year, the dataset reports the number of farm operations that manage dairy cows, the number of heads on their property at the end of the Census year, and a breakdown of the operations into small, medium, and large. This dataset was produced by the US EPA to support research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas. EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas) allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the contiguous United States. The dataset is available as downloadable data (https://edg.epa.gov/data/Public/ORD/EnviroAtlas) or as an EnviroAtlas map service. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this dataset can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).

This dataset provides information on the number of milk cows, production of milk per cow and total milk production by state and region in the United States from the year 1970 to 2021.

Representative dairy farms were modeled using the Integrated Farm System Model with 20 farms in each of 6 regions of the United States for the years of 1971 and 2020 to determine improvements made in reducing environmental impacts over the 50-year period. Important data and information describing these farms are documented in these tables. These data include the farm location, number of cows and heifers maintained, milk produced, feeds and nutrient contents fed, crop areas, crop yields, fertilizer and lime application rates, irrigation water applied, milking and housing facilities, manure collection, storage and application methods used, and soil characteristics. These data are published as supplementary information for the article “Fifty years of environmental progress for United States dairy farms” published in the Journal of Dairy Science.

To assess the magnitude of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes, nutrient runoff and leaching from dairy barnyards and to characterize factors controlling these fluxes, nine barnyards were built at the U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center Farm in Prairie du Sac, WI (latitude 43.33N, longitude 89.71W). The barnyards were designed to simulate outdoor cattle-holding areas on commercial dairy farms in Wisconsin. Each barnyard was approximately 7m x 7m; areas of barnyards 1-9 were 51.91, 47.29, 50.97, 46.32, 45.64, 46.30, 48.93, 48.78, 46.73 square meters, respectively. Factors investigated included three different surface materials (bark, sand, soil) and timing of cattle corralling. Each barnyard included a gravity drainage system that allowed leachate to be pumped out and analyzed. Each soil-covered barnyard also included a system to intercept runoff at the perimeter and drain to a pumping port, similar to the leachate systems. From October 2010 to October 2015, dairy heifers were placed onto experimental barnyards for approximately 7-day periods four times per year, generally in mid-spring, late-spring / early summer, mid-to-late summer and early-to-mid autumn. Heifers were fed once per day from total mixed rations consisting mostly of corn (maize) and alfalfa silages. Feed offered and feed refused were both weighed and analyzed for total nitrogen (N), carbon (C), phosphorus (P) and cell wall components (neutral detergent fiber, NDF). Leachate was pumped out of plots frequently enough to prevent saturation of surface materials and potential anaerobic conditions. Leachate was also pumped out the day before any gas flux measurements. Leachate total volume and nitrogen species were measured, and from “soil” barnyards the runoff was also measured. The starting bulk density, pH, total carbon (C) and total N of barnyard surface materials were analyzed. Decomposed bark in barnyards was replaced with new bark in 2013, before the spring flux measurements. Please note: the data presented here includes observations made in 2015; the original paper included observations through 2014 only. Gas fluxes (carbon dioxide, CO2; methane, CH4; ammonia, NH3; and nitrous oxide, N2O) were measured during the two days before heifers were corralled in barnyards, and during the two days after heifers were moved off the barnyards. During the first day of each two-day measurement period, gas fluxes were measured at two randomly selected locations within each barnyard. Each location was sampled once in the morning and once in the afternoon. During the second day, this procedure was repeated with two new randomly selected locations in each barnyard. This experiment was partially funded by a project called “Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Dairy Production Systems of the Great Lakes Region,” also known as the Dairy Coordinated Agricultural Project (Dairy CAP). The Dairy CAP is funded by the United States Department of Agriculture - National Institute of Food and Agriculture (award number 2013-68002-20525). The main goal of the Dairy CAP is to improve understanding of the magnitudes and controlling factors over GHG emissions from dairy production in the Great Lakes region. Using this knowledge, the Dairy CAP is improving life cycle analysis (LCA) of GHG production by Great Lakes dairy farms, developing farm management tools, and conducting extension, education and outreach activities. Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Data_dictionary_DairyCAP_Barnyards. File Name: BYD_Data_Dictionary.xlsxResource Description: This is the data dictionary for the data from the paper "Gas emissions from dairy barnyards" by Mark Powell and Peter Vadas. Resource Software Recommended: Microsoft Excel 2016,url: https://products.office.com/en-us/excel Resource Title: DairyCAP_Barnyards. File Name: BYD_Project_Data.xlsxResource Description: This is the complete data from the paper: Powell, J. M. & Vadas, P. A. (2016). Gas emissions from dairy barnyards. Animal Production Science, 56, 355-361. Data are separated into separate spreadsheet tabs.Resource Software Recommended: Microsoft Excel 2016,url: https://products.office.com/en-us/excel Resource Title: Data_dictionary_DairyCAP_Barnyards. File Name: Data_Dictionary_BYD.csvResource Description: This is the data dictionary for the data from the paper "Gas emissions from dairy barnyards" by Mark Powell and Peter Vadas. Resource Title: GHG Data. File Name: BYD_GHG.csvResource Description: Greenhouse gas flux dataResource Title: Intake Data. File Name: BYD_Intake.csvResource Title: Leachate Data. File Name: BYD_Leachate.csvResource Title: Runoff Data. File Name: BYD_Runoff.csvResource Title: Surface Data. File Name: BYD_Surface.csvResource Title: TMR Data. File Name: BYD_TMR.csvResource Description: Total mixed ration data

United States Cattle Inventory: Cattle & Calves: Cows & Heifers That Have Calved: At the Beginning of the Yr: Milk Cows data was reported at 9,349.300 Head th in 2025. This records an increase from the previous number of 9,346.800 Head th for 2024. United States Cattle Inventory: Cattle & Calves: Cows & Heifers That Have Calved: At the Beginning of the Yr: Milk Cows data is updated yearly, averaging 9,349.300 Head th from Dec 1926 (Median) to 2025, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9,450.400 Head th in 2021 and a record low of 9,208.600 Head th in 2014. United States Cattle Inventory: Cattle & Calves: Cows & Heifers That Have Calved: At the Beginning of the Yr: Milk Cows data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by Economic Research Service. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RI018: Cattle Inventory.

This EnviroAtlas dataset summarizes by county the number of farm operations with beef cows and the number of heads they manage. The data come from the Census of Agriculture, which is administered every five years by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), and include the years 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017. The Census classifies cattle managed on operations as beef cows, dairy cows, or other cattle (which encompasses heifers, steers, bulls, and calves). Only data regarding beef cows are displayed in this layer. Operations are categorized into small, medium, or large, based on how many heads they manage. For each county and Census year, the dataset reports the number of farm operations that manage beef cows, the number of heads on their property at the end of the Census year, and a breakdown of the operations into small, medium, and large. This dataset was produced by the US EPA to support research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas. EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas) allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the contiguous United States. The dataset is available as downloadable data (https://edg.epa.gov/data/Public/ORD/EnviroAtlas) or as an EnviroAtlas map service. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this dataset can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).

Aggregate means for six traits (milk, fat, and protein yields, somatic cell score, length of productive life, and daughter pregnancy rate) Resources in this dataset:Resource Title: Holstein Milk Yield. File Name: HO_M.csvResource Description: Aggregate means of Holstein predicted breeding values for milk yield and birth datesResource Title: Holstein Fat Yield. File Name: HO_f.csvResource Description: Aggregate means of Holstein predicted breeding values for fat yield and birth datesResource Title: Holstein Protein Yield. File Name: HO_p.csvResource Description: Aggregate means of Holstein predicted breeding values for protein yield and birth datesResource Title: Holstein Somatic Cell Score. File Name: HO_scs.csvResource Description: Aggregate means of Holstein predicted breeding values for somatic cell score and birth datesResource Title: Holstein Productive Life. File Name: HO_pl.csvResource Description: Aggregate means of Holstein predicted breeding values for productive life and birth datesResource Title: Holstein Daughter Pregnancy Rate. File Name: HO_DPR.csvResource Description: Aggregate means of Holstein predicted breeding values for daughter pregnancy rate and birth datesResource Title: Data Dictionary. File Name: data_dictionary.csvResource Description: Defines variables / sub-components with examples as used in column headers. Filenames:

Holstein Productive Life: HO_pl.csv Holstein Daughter Pregnancy Rate: HO_DPR.csv Holstein Somatic Cell Score: HO_scs.csv Holstein Protein Yield: HO_p.csv Holstein Fat Yield: HO_f.csv Holstein Milk Yield: HO_M.csv

The Census of Agriculture, produced by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), provides a complete count of America's farms, ranches and the people who grow our food. The census is conducted every five years, most recently in 2022, and provides an in-depth look at the agricultural industry. This layer was produced from data obtained from the USDA National Agriculture Statistics Service (NASS) Large Datasets download page. The data were transformed and prepared for publishing using the Pivot Table geoprocessing tool in ArcGIS Pro and joined to county boundaries. The county boundaries are 2022 vintage and come from Living Atlas ACS 2022 feature layers.Dataset SummaryPhenomenon Mapped: Cattle productionGeographic Extent: 48 contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto RicoProjection: Web Mercator Auxiliary SphereSource: USDA National Agricultural Statistics ServiceUpdate Frequency: 5 yearsData Vintage: 2022Publication Date: April 2024AttributesNote that some values are suppressed as "Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations", "Not applicable", or "Less than half the rounding unit". These have been coded in the data as -999, -888, and -777 respectively. You should account for these values when symbolizing or doing any calculations.Many cattle production commodity fields are broken out into 6 or 7 ranges based on the number of head of cattle. For space reasons, a general sample of the fields is listed here.Commodities included in this layer: Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Inventory - Inventory of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (By number of head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - InventoryCattle, (Excl Cows) - Operations with Inventory - Inventory of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (By number of head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Operations with InventoryCattle, Calves - Operations with Sales - Sales of Calves: (By number of head)Cattle, Calves - Operations with SalesCattle, Calves - Sales, Measured in Head - Sales of Calves: (By number of head)Cattle, Calves - Sales, Measured in HeadCattle, Calves, Veal, Raised or Sold - Number of OperationsCattle, Cows - Inventory; Cattle, Cows - Operations with InventoryCattle, Cows, Beef - Inventory - Inventory of Beef Cows: (By number of head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - InventoryCattle, Cows, Beef - Operations with Inventory - Inventory of Beef Cows: (By number of head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Operations with InventoryCattle, Cows, Milk - Inventory - Inventory of Milk Cows: (By number of head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - InventoryCattle, Cows, Milk - Operations with Inventory - Inventory of Milk Cows: (By number of head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Operations with InventoryCattle, >= 500 lbs - Operations with Sales - Sales of Cattle >= 500 lbs: (By number of head)Cattle, >= 500 lbs - Operations with SalesCattle, >= 500 lbs - Sales, Measured in Head - Sales of Cattle >= 500 lbs: (By number of head)Cattle, >= 500 lbs - Sales, Measured in HeadCattle, Heifers, >= 500 lbs, Milk Replacement, Production Contract - Operations with ProductionCattle, Heifers, >= 500 lbs, Milk Replacement, Production Contract - Production, Measured in HeadCattle, Incl Calves - Inventory - Inventory of Cattle, Incl Calves: (By number of head)Cattle, Incl Calves - InventoryCattle, Incl Calves - Operations with Inventory - Inventory of Cattle, Incl Calves: (By number of head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations with InventoryCattle, Incl Calves - Operations with Sales - Sales of Cattle, Incl Calves: (By number of head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations with SalesCattle, Incl Calves - Sales, Measured in US Dollars ($)Cattle, Incl Calves - Sales, Measured in Head - Sales of Cattle, Incl Calves: (By number of head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Sales, Measured in HeadCattle, On Feed - Inventory - Inventory of Cattle On Feed: (By number of head)Cattle, On Feed - InventoryCattle, On Feed - Operations with Inventory - Inventory of Cattle On Feed: (By number of head)Cattle, On Feed - Operations with InventoryCattle, On Feed - Operations with Sales For Slaughter - Sales of Cattle On Feed: (By number of head)Cattle, On Feed - Operations with Sales For SlaughterCattle, On Feed - Sales For Slaughter, Measured in Head - Sales of Cattle On Feed: (By number of head)Cattle, On Feed - Sales For Slaughter, Measured in HeadCattle, Production Contract, On Feed - Operations with ProductionCattle, Production Contract, On Feed - Production, Measured in HeadGeography NoteIn Alaska, one or more county-equivalent entities (borough, census area, city, municipality) are included in an agriculture census area.What can you do with this layer?This layer is designed for data visualization. Identify features by clicking on the map to reveal the pre-configured pop-up. You may change the field(s) being symbolized. When symbolizing other fields, you will need to update the popup accordingly. Simple summary statistics are supported by this data.Questions?Please leave a comment below if you have a question about this layer, and we will get back to you as soon as possible.

Representative dairy farms in major dairy regions of the United States were modeled using the Integrated Farm System Model to quantify potential reductions in greenhouse gas emissions using various mitigation strategies. Important data and information describing these 14 farms are documented in this table. These data include the farm location, number of cows and heifers maintained, milk produced, feeds and nutrient contents fed, crop areas, crop yields, fertilizer and lime application rates, irrigation water applied, milking and housing facilities, manure collection, storage and application methods used, and soil characteristics. Simulated output information for feed consumption, nutrient losses, fossil energy use, water use, and greenhouse gas emissions are listed for each farm. These data are published as supplementary information for the article “Strategies for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from US dairy farms toward a net zero goal” published in the Journal of Dairy Science.

The Census of Agriculture, produced by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), provides a complete count of America's farms, ranches and the people who grow our food. The census is conducted every five years, most recently in 2022, and provides an in-depth look at the agricultural industry.This layer was produced from data obtained from the USDA National Agriculture Statistics Service (NASS) Large Datasets download page. The data were transformed and prepared for publishing using the Pivot Table geoprocessing tool in ArcGIS Pro and joined to county boundaries. The county boundaries are 2022 vintage and come from Living Atlas ACS 2022 feature layers.Dataset SummaryPhenomenon Mapped: 2022 Cattle ProductionCoordinate System: Web Mercator Auxiliary SphereExtent: 48 Contiguous United States, Alaska, and HawaiiSource: USDA National Agricultural Statistics ServicePublication Date: 2022AttributesNote that some values are suppressed as "Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations", "Not applicable", or "Less than half the rounding unit". These have been coded in the data as -999, -888, and -777 respectively.Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (500 Or More Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - InventoryCattle, (Excl Cows) - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, (Excl Cows): (500 Or More Head)Cattle, (Excl Cows) - Operations With InventoryCattle, Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Calves: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Calves: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Calves: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Calves: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Calves: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Calves: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Calves: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, Calves - Operations With SalesCattle, Calves - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Calves: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, Calves - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Calves: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, Calves - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Calves: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, Calves - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Calves: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, Calves - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Calves: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, Calves - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Calves: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, Calves - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Calves: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, Calves - Sales, Measured In HeadCattle, Calves, Veal, Raised Or Sold - Number Of OperationsCattle, Cows - InventoryCattle, Cows - Operations With InventoryCattle, Cows, Beef - Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - InventoryCattle, Cows, Beef - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Beef Cows: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, Cows, Beef - Operations With InventoryCattle, Cows, Milk - Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - InventoryCattle, Cows, Milk - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Milk Cows: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, Cows, Milk - Operations With InventoryCattle, >= 500 Lbs - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Operations With SalesCattle, >= 500 Lbs - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Cattle >= 500 Lbs: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, >= 500 Lbs - Sales, Measured In HeadCattle, Heifers, >= 500 Lbs, Milk Replacement, Production Contract - Operations With ProductionCattle, Heifers, >= 500 Lbs, Milk Replacement, Production Contract - Production, Measured In HeadCattle, Incl Calves - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - InventoryCattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Inventory - Inventory Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With InventoryCattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (20 To 49 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (50 To 99 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (100 To 199 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (200 To 499 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With Sales - Sales Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (500 Or More Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Operations With SalesCattle, Incl Calves - Sales, Measured In US Dollars ($)Cattle, Incl Calves - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (1 To 9 Head)Cattle, Incl Calves - Sales, Measured In Head - Sales Of Cattle, Incl Calves: (10 To 19 Head)Cattle, Incl

Comprehensive dataset of 48 Dairy farms in Connecticut, United States as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

United States Long Term Projections: Dairy: Milk Production & Marketings: Number of Milk Cows data was reported at 9,502.000 Unit in 2034. This records an increase from the previous number of 9,466.000 Unit for 2033. United States Long Term Projections: Dairy: Milk Production & Marketings: Number of Milk Cows data is updated yearly, averaging 9,402.000 Unit from Dec 2022 (Median) to 2034, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 9,502.000 Unit in 2034 and a record low of 9,335.000 Unit in 2024. United States Long Term Projections: Dairy: Milk Production & Marketings: Number of Milk Cows data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Department of Agriculture. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RI039: Agricultural Projections: Dairy.

The Census of Agriculture, produced by the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA), provides a complete count of America's farms, ranches and the people who grow our food. The census is conducted every five years, most recently in 2017, and provides an in-depth look at the agricultural industry.This layer summarizes dairy production from the 2017 Census of Agriculture at the county level.This layer was produced from data downloaded using the USDA's QuickStats Application. The data was transformed using the Pivot Table tool in ArcGIS Pro and joined to the county boundary file provided by the USDA. The layer was published as feature layer in ArcGIS Online. Dataset SummaryPhenomenon Mapped: 2017 Dairy ProductionCoordinate System: Web Mercator Auxiliary SphereExtent: 48 Contiguous United States, Alaska, and HawaiiVisible Scale: All ScalesSource: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service QuickStats ApplicationPublication Date: 2017AttributesThis layer provides values for the following attributes. Note that some values are not disclosed (coded as -1 in the layer) to protect the privacy of producers in areas with limited production.Cattle - Operations with SalesCattle - Sales in US DollarsCattle - Sales in HeadDairy - Operations with SalesDairy - Sales in US DollarsAdditionally attributes of State Name, State Code, County Name and County Code are included to facilitate cartography and use with other layers.What can you do with this layer?This layer can be used throughout the ArcGIS system. Feature layers can be used just like any other vector layer. You can use feature layers as an input to geoprocessing tools in ArcGIS Pro or in Analysis in ArcGIS Online. Combine the layer with others in a map and set custom symbology or create a pop-up tailored for your users.For the details of working with feature layers the help documentation for ArcGIS Pro or the help documentation for ArcGIS Online are great places to start. The ArcGIS Blog is a great source of ideas for things you can do with feature layers.This layer is part of ArcGIS Living Atlas of the World that provides an easy way to find and explore many other beautiful and authoritative layers, maps, and applications on hundreds of topics.

This dataset provides information on 112 in Colorado, United States as of June, 2025. It includes details such as email addresses (where publicly available), phone numbers (where publicly available), and geocoded addresses. Explore market trends, identify potential business partners, and gain valuable insights into the industry. Download a complimentary sample of 10 records to see what's included.

Comprehensive dataset of 29 Dairy farms in Arkansas, United States as of July, 2025. Includes verified contact information (email, phone), geocoded addresses, customer ratings, reviews, business categories, and operational details. Perfect for market research, lead generation, competitive analysis, and business intelligence. Download a complimentary sample to evaluate data quality and completeness.

This paper describes the views of 779 U.S. residents on questions related to therapeutic antibiotic use in dairy cattle. A mixed method online survey was conducted with quantitative (demographic, either/or) and qualitative (open-ended) questions. Respondents were offered one of three scenarios with varying degrees of information describing a farmer with a sick cow that would benefit from antibiotic therapy. The text replies to the open-ended questions were analyzed by grouping responses with similar comments, and identifying patterns or themes. Content analysis showed that the majority of participants in this study provided farmers with the social license to treat sick cows with antibiotics; however, participants were clear that this social license did not extend to antibiotic use for growth promotion or prophylactic use. These results may aid in the development of policies and practices regarding use of antibiotics on dairy farms in alignment with societal values.

Forecast: Whole Fresh Cow Milk Yield in the US 2024 - 2028 Discover more data with ReportLinker!

United States Long Term Projections: Dairy: Milk Production & Marketings: Milk Per Cow data was reported at 26,630.000 lb in 2034. This records an increase from the previous number of 26,380.000 lb for 2033. United States Long Term Projections: Dairy: Milk Production & Marketings: Milk Per Cow data is updated yearly, averaging 25,170.000 lb from Dec 2022 (Median) to 2034, with 13 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 26,630.000 lb in 2034 and a record low of 24,087.000 lb in 2022. United States Long Term Projections: Dairy: Milk Production & Marketings: Milk Per Cow data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by U.S. Department of Agriculture. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.RI039: Agricultural Projections: Dairy.

This coverage contains estimates of livestock holdings in counties in the conterminous United States as reported in the 1987 Census of Agriculture (U.S. Department of Commerce, 1989a). Livestock holdings data are reported as either a number (for example, number of milk cows), number of farms, or in thousands of dollars. Livestock holdings estimates were generated from surveys of all farms where $1,000 or more of agricultural products were sold, or normally would have been sold, during the census year. Most of the attributes summarized represent 1987 data, but some information for the 1982 Census of Agriculture also was included. The polygons representing county boundaries in the conterminous United States, as well as lakes, estuaries, and other nonland-area features were derived from the Digital Line Graph (DLG) files representing the 1:2,000,000-scale map in the National Atlas of the United States (1970). Livestock Census of Agriculture Counties United States

This data and code archive provides all the files that are necessary to replicate the empirical analyses that are presented in the paper "Climate impacts and adaptation in US dairy systems 1981-2018" authored by Maria Gisbert-Queral, Arne Henningsen, Bo Markussen, Meredith T. Niles, Ermias Kebreab, Angela J. Rigden, and Nathaniel D. Mueller and published in 'Nature Food' (2021, DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00372-z). The empirical analyses are entirely conducted with the "R" statistical software using the add-on packages "car", "data.table", "dplyr", "ggplot2", "grid", "gridExtra", "lmtest", "lubridate", "magrittr", "nlme", "OneR", "plyr", "pracma", "quadprog", "readxl", "sandwich", "tidyr", "usfertilizer", and "usmap". The R code was written by Maria Gisbert-Queral and Arne Henningsen with assistance from Bo Markussen. Some parts of the data preparation and the analyses require substantial amounts of memory (RAM) and computational power (CPU). Running the entire analysis (all R scripts consecutively) on a laptop computer with 32 GB physical memory (RAM), 16 GB swap memory, an 8-core Intel Xeon CPU E3-1505M @ 3.00 GHz, and a GNU/Linux/Ubuntu operating system takes around 11 hours. Running some parts in parallel can speed up the computations but bears the risk that the computations terminate when two or more memory-demanding computations are executed at the same time.

This data and code archive contains the following files and folders:

* README
Description: text file with this description

* flowchart.pdf
Description: a PDF file with a flow chart that illustrates how R scripts transform the raw data files to files that contain generated data sets and intermediate results and, finally, to the tables and figures that are presented in the paper.

* runAll.sh
Description: a (bash) shell script that runs all R scripts in this data and code archive sequentially and in a suitable order (on computers with a "bash" shell such as most computers with MacOS, GNU/Linux, or Unix operating systems)

* Folder "DataRaw"
Description: folder for raw data files
This folder contains the following files:

- DataRaw/COWS.xlsx
Description: MS-Excel file with the number of cows per county
Source: USDA NASS Quickstats
Observations: All available counties and years from 2002 to 2012

- DataRaw/milk_state.xlsx
Description: MS-Excel file with average monthly milk yields per cow
Source: USDA NASS Quickstats
Observations: All available states from 1981 to 2018

- DataRaw/TMAX.csv
Description: CSV file with daily maximum temperatures
Source: PRISM Climate Group (spatially averaged)
Observations: All counties from 1981 to 2018

- DataRaw/VPD.csv
Description: CSV file with daily maximum vapor pressure deficits
Source: PRISM Climate Group (spatially averaged)
Observations: All counties from 1981 to 2018

- DataRaw/countynamesandID.csv
Description: CSV file with county names, state FIPS codes, and county FIPS codes
Source: US Census Bureau
Observations: All counties

- DataRaw/statecentroids.csv
Descriptions: CSV file with latitudes and longitudes of state centroids
Source: Generated by Nathan Mueller from Matlab state shapefiles using the Matlab "centroid" function
Observations: All states

* Folder "DataGenerated"
Description: folder for data sets that are generated by the R scripts in this data and code archive. In order to reproduce our entire analysis 'from scratch', the files in this folder should be deleted. We provide these generated data files so that parts of the analysis can be replicated (e.g., on computers with insufficient memory to run all parts of the analysis).

* Folder "Results"
Description: folder for intermediate results that are generated by the R scripts in this data and code archive. In order to reproduce our entire analysis 'from scratch', the files in this folder should be deleted. We provide these intermediate results so that parts of the analysis can be replicated (e.g., on computers with insufficient memory to run all parts of the analysis).

* Folder "Figures"
Description: folder for the figures that are generated by the R scripts in this data and code archive and that are presented in our paper. In order to reproduce our entire analysis 'from scratch', the files in this folder should be deleted. We provide these figures so that people who replicate our analysis can more easily compare the figures that they get with the figures that are presented in our paper. Additionally, this folder contains CSV files with the data that are required to reproduce the figures.

* Folder "Tables"
Description: folder for the tables that are generated by the R scripts in this data and code archive and that are presented in our paper. In order to reproduce our entire analysis 'from scratch', the files in this folder should be deleted. We provide these tables so that people who replicate our analysis can more easily compare the tables that they get with the tables that are presented in our paper.

* Folder "logFiles"
Description: the shell script runAll.sh writes the output of each R script that it runs into this folder. We provide these log files so that people who replicate our analysis can more easily compare the R output that they get with the R output that we got.

* PrepareCowsData.R
Description: R script that imports the raw data set COWS.xlsx and prepares it for the further analyses

* PrepareWeatherData.R
Description: R script that imports the raw data sets TMAX.csv, VPD.csv, and countynamesandID.csv, merges these three data sets, and prepares the data for the further analyses

* PrepareMilkData.R
Description: R script that imports the raw data set milk_state.xlsx and prepares it for the further analyses

* CalcFrequenciesTHI_Temp.R
Description: R script that calculates the frequencies of days with the different THI bins and the different temperature bins in each month for each state

* CalcAvgTHI.R
Description: R script that calculates the average THI in each state

* PreparePanelTHI.R
Description: R script that creates a state-month panel/longitudinal data set with exposure to the different THI bins

* PreparePanelTemp.R
Description: R script that creates a state-month panel/longitudinal data set with exposure to the different temperature bins

* PreparePanelFinal.R
Description: R script that creates the state-month panel/longitudinal data set with all variables (e.g., THI bins, temperature bins, milk yield) that are used in our statistical analyses

* EstimateTrendsTHI.R
Description: R script that estimates the trends of the frequencies of the different THI bins within our sampling period for each state in our data set

* EstimateModels.R
Description: R script that estimates all model specifications that are used for generating results that are presented in the paper or for comparing or testing different model specifications

* CalcCoefStateYear.R
Description: R script that calculates the effects of each THI bin on the milk yield for all combinations of states and years based on our 'final' model specification

* SearchWeightMonths.R
Description: R script that estimates our 'final' model specification with different values of the weight of the temporal component relative to the weight of the spatial component in the temporally and spatially correlated error term

* TestModelSpec.R
Description: R script that applies Wald tests and Likelihood-Ratio tests to compare different model specifications and creates Table S10

* CreateFigure1a.R
Description: R script that creates subfigure a of Figure 1

* CreateFigure1b.R
Description: R script that creates subfigure b of Figure 1

* CreateFigure2a.R
Description: R script that creates subfigure a of Figure 2

* CreateFigure2b.R
Description: R script that creates subfigure b of Figure 2

* CreateFigure2c.R
Description: R script that creates subfigure c of Figure 2

* CreateFigure3.R
Description: R script that creates the subfigures of Figure 3

* CreateFigure4.R
Description: R script that creates the subfigures of Figure 4

* CreateFigure5_TableS6.R
Description: R script that creates the subfigures of Figure 5 and Table S6

* CreateFigureS1.R
Description: R script that creates Figure S1

* CreateFigureS2.R
Description: R script that creates Figure S2

* CreateTableS2_S3_S7.R
Description: R script that creates Tables S2, S3, and S7

* CreateTableS4_S5.R
Description: R script that creates Tables S4 and S5

* CreateTableS8.R
Description: R script that creates Table S8

* CreateTableS9.R
Description: R script that creates Table S9