license: apache-2.0 tags: - africa - sustainable-development-goals - world-health-organization - development

  Health worker distribution (%) - Medical doctors





  Dataset Description

This dataset provides country-level data for the indicator "3.c.1 Health worker distribution (%) - Medical doctors" across African nations, sourced from the World Health Organization's (WHO) data portal on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The data is presented in a wide format… See the full description on the dataset page: https://huggingface.co/datasets/electricsheepafrica/health-worker-distribution-medical-doctors-for-african-countries.

South Africa ZA: Physicians: per 1000 People data was reported at 0.818 Ratio in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.767 Ratio for 2015. South Africa ZA: Physicians: per 1000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 0.720 Ratio from Dec 1965 (Median) to 2016, with 14 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.818 Ratio in 2016 and a record low of 0.488 Ratio in 1965. South Africa ZA: Physicians: per 1000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s South Africa – Table ZA.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.; ; World Health Organization's Global Health Workforce Statistics, OECD, supplemented by country data.; Weighted average;

This statistic shows a ranking of the estimated current healthcare spending per capita in 2020 in Africa, differentiated by country. The spending refers to the average current spending of both governments and consumers per inhabitant.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in more than 150 countries and regions worldwide. All input data are sourced from international institutions, national statistical offices, and trade associations. All data has been are processed to generate comparable datasets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

In this audit study, we aimed to answer the following questions: 1) How much unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics is there for RTIs in the private and public primary care sectors? 2) Can unnecessary prescription of antibiotics be reduced by increasing patient awareness? 3) Can unnecessary prescription of antibiotics be reduced using financial incentives? To answer question (1), we conducted an audit study in 100 private practices and 80 public clinics, by sending standardised patients (see method) portraying a case of Acute Bronchitis. Such an uncomplicated case should not receive antibiotics. To answer question (2), we developed a new SP scenario to create an exogeneous change in the attitude of the standardised patient towards antibiotics. After describing his/her main complaint, this ‘reluctant’ patient was trained to tell the doctor: “I do not want antibiotics, unless you think it is really necessary”. A total of 199 visits were carried out by such ‘reluctant’ patients, half in the public sector and half in the private sector, 5 to 10 days apart from the visits carried out by ‘normal’ standardised patients to the same providers. The dataset To answer question (3), we leveraged the existence of dispensing doctors in South Africa, who charge a flat consultation fee which includes both the consultation itself and basic drugs dispensed. As a result, this potentially creates a natural rationing supply-side cost-sharing incentives for doctors. To understand whether this mechanism contributes to reduce unnecessary prescribing, we selected a sub-group of 120 prescribing doctors and sent them two SPs, in a random order: one who acted normally and one who asked the GP to write him a prescription instead of dispensing the drugs. In other words, the dispensing GP faces a rationing incentive with the first patient, as the drugs dispensed reduce their profit, but not with the patient who asks for a separate script.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria for nurses, women’s football teams and physiotherapists/doctors for the FIFA football nurse trial.