In January 2022, it was estimated that about 1.85 million male illegal immigrants living in the United States were aged between 35 and 44 years old. In that same year, it was estimated that 1.52 million female illegal immigrants living in the U.S. were between 35 and 44 years old.

Acknowledgement

The following table is imported from the 2019 Yearbook of Immigration Statistics under the Department of Homeland Security:

The 2019 Yearbook of Immigration Statistics is a compendium of tables that provide data on foreign nationals who are granted lawful permanent residence (i.e., immigrants who receive a “green card”), admitted as temporary nonimmigrants, granted asylum or refugee status, or are naturalized. The Yearbook also presents data on immigration enforcement actions, including apprehensions and arrests, removals, and returns.

Table 39. Aliens Removed or Returned: Fiscal Years 1892 to 2019 (https://www.dhs.gov/immigration-statistics/yearbook/2019/table39)

Inspiration

The data was collected to observe trends in history reflecting the number of immigrants deported - more specifically removed or returned.

description: This report provides estimates of the number of unauthorized immigrants residing in the United States as of January 2006 by period of entry, region and country of origin, and state of residence. The estimates were obtained using the same residual methodology employed for estimates of the unauthorized population in 2005 (see Hoefer, Rytina and Campbell, 2006).; abstract: This report provides estimates of the number of unauthorized immigrants residing in the United States as of January 2006 by period of entry, region and country of origin, and state of residence. The estimates were obtained using the same residual methodology employed for estimates of the unauthorized population in 2005 (see Hoefer, Rytina and Campbell, 2006).

ABSTRACT

    Statements about building walls, deportation and denying services to undocumented immigrants made by the US president may induce fear in Latino populations and create barriers to their health care access. To assess the impact of these statements on undocumented Latino immigrants’ (UDLI) and Latino legal residents/citizens’ (LLRC) perceptions of safety and their presentations for emergency care, we conducted surveys of adult patients at three county emergency departments (EDs) in California from June 2017 to December 2018. Of 1,684 patients approached, 1,337 (79.4%) agreed to participate: 34.3% UDLI, 36.9% LLRC, and 29.8% non-Latino legal residents/citizens (NLRC). The vast majority of UDLI (95%), LLRC (94%), and NLRC (85%) had heard statements about immigrants by President Trump. Most UDLI (89%), LLRC (88%), and NLRC (87%) either thought that these measures were being enacted now or will be enacted in the futur...

This dataset has results and the model associated with the publication Ciulla et al., (2024). It contains a U-Net semantic segmentation model (unet_model.h5) and associated code implemented in tensorflow 2.0 for the model training and identification of oil and gas well symbols in USGS historical topographic maps (HTMC). Given a quadrangle map (7.5 minutes), downloadable at this url: https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/topoview/, and a list of coordinates of the documented wells present in the area, the model returns the coordinates of oil and gas symbols in the HTMC maps. For reproducibility of our workflow, we provide a sample map in California and the documented well locations for the entire State of California (CalGEM_AllWells_20231128.csv) downloaded from https://www.conservation.ca.gov/calgem/maps/Pages/GISMapping2.aspx. Additionally, the locations of 1,301 potential undocumented orphaned wells identified using our deep learning framework or the counties of Los Angeles and Kern in California, and Osage and Oklahoma in Oklahoma are provided in the file found_potential_UOWs.zip. The results of the visual inspection of satellite imagery in Osage County is in the file visible_potential_UOWs.zip. The dataset also includes a custom tool to validate the detected symbols in the HTMC maps (vetting_tool.py). More details about the methodology can be found in the associated paper: Ciulla, F., Santos, A., Jordan, P., Kneafsey, T., Biraud, S.C., and Varadharajan, C. (2024) A Deep Learning Based Framework to Identify Undocumented Orphaned Oil and Gas Wells from Historical Maps: a Case Study for California and Oklahoma. Accepted for publication in Environmental Science and Technology. The geographical coordinates provided correspond to the locations of potential undocumented orphaned oil and gas wells (UOWs) extracted from historical maps. The actual presence of wells need to be confirmed with on-the-ground investigations. For your safety, do not attempt to visit or investigate these sites without appropriate safety training, proper equipment, and authorization from local authorities. Approaching these well sites without proper personal protective equipment (PPE) may pose significant health and safety risks. Oil and gas wells can emit hazardous gasses including methane, which is flammable, odorless and colorless, as well as hydrogen sulfide, which can be fatal even at low concentrations. Additionally, there may be unstable ground near the wellhead that may collapse around the wellbore. This dataset was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor the Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or the Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or the Regents of the University of California.

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed. The main aim of this research is to study the criminal mobility of ethnic-based organized crime groups. The project examines whether organized crime groups are able to move abroad easily and to reproduce their territorial control in a foreign country, or whether these groups, and/or individual members, start a life of crime only after their arrival in the new territories, potentially as a result of social exclusion, economic strain, culture conflict and labeling. More specifically, the aim is to examine the criminal mobility of ethnic Albanian organized crime groups involved in a range of criminal markets and operating in and around New York City, area and to study the relevance of the importation/alien conspiracy model versus the deprivation model of organized crime in relation to Albanian organized crime. There are several analytical dimensions in this study: (1) reasons for going abroad; (2) the nature of the presence abroad; (3) level of support from ethnic constituencies in the new territories; (4) importance of cultural codes; (5) organizational structure; (6) selection of criminal activities; (7) economic incentives and political infiltration. This study utilizes a mixed-methods approach with a sequential exploratory design, in which qualitative data and documents are collected and analyzed first, followed by quantitative data. Demographic variables in this collection include age, gender, birth place, immigration status, nationality, ethnicity, education, religion, and employment status. Two main data sources were employed: (1) court documents, including indictments and court transcripts related to select organized crime cases (84 court documents on 29 groups, 254 offenders); (2) in-depth, face-to-face interviews with 9 ethnic Albanian offenders currently serving prison sentences in U.S. Federal Prisons for organized crime related activities, and with 79 adult ethnic Albanian immigrants in New York, including common people, undocumented migrants, offenders, and people with good knowledge of Albanian organized crime modus operandi. Sampling for these data were conducted in five phases, the first of which involved researchers examining court documents and identifying members of 29 major ethnic Albanian organized crime groups operating in the New York area between 1975 and 2013 who were or had served sentences in the U.S. Federal Prisons for organized crime related activities. In phase two researchers conducted eight in-depth interviews with law enforcement experts working in New York or New Jersey. Phase three involved interviews with members of the Albanian diaspora and filed observations from an ethnographic study. Researchers utilized snowball and respondent driven (RDS) recruitment methods to create the sample for the diaspora dataset. The self-reported criteria for recruitment to participate in the diaspora interviews were: (1) age 18 or over; (2) of ethnic Albanian origin (foreign-born or 1st/2nd generation); and (3) living in NYC area for at least 1 year. They also visited neighborhoods identified as high concentrations of ethnic Albanian individuals and conducted an ethnographic study to locate the target population. In phase four, data for the cultural advisors able to help with the project data was collected. In the fifth and final phase, researchers gathered data for the second wave of the diaspora data, and conducted interviews with offenders with ethnic Albanian immigrants with knowledge of the organized crime situation in New York City area. Researchers also approached about twenty organized crime figures currently serving a prison sentence, and were able to conduct 9 in-depth interviews.

This research adds to the expanding field of data-driven analysis, scientific modeling, and forecasting on the impact of having access to the Internet and IoT on the general US population regarding immigrants and immigration policies. More specifically, this research focuses on the public opinion of undocumented immigrants in the United States and having access to the Internet in their local settings. The term Undocumented Immigrants refers to those who live in the United States without legal papers, documents, or visas. Undocumented immigrants may have come into the country unlawfully or with valid documentation, but their legal status has expired. Using the 2020 American National Election Studies (ANES) time series dataset, I investigated the relationship between internet access (A2I) and public perception of undocumented immigrants. According to my research and analysis, increasing internet access among non-Hispanic whites with at least a bachelors degree with an annual household income of less than 99K is more likely to oppose the deportation of undocumented immigrants and separating unaccompanied children from their families in borderland areas. The individuals with substantial Republican political ideology exhibit significantly lower opposing effects in deporting undocumented immigrants or separating unaccompanied children from their families. The evidence from multiple statistical models is resilient to a variety of factors. The findings show that increased internet access may improve undocumented immigrants social integration and acceptability. During health emergencies, it may be especially beneficial to make them feel safe, included, and supported in their local settings.

Key results across measurement type and political parties.

Abstract (en): The American College Catalog Study Database (CCS) contains academic data on 286 four-year colleges and universities in the United States. CCS is one of two databases produced by the Colleges and Universities 2000 project based at the University of California-Riverside. The CCS database comprises a sampled subset of institutions from the related Institutional Data Archive (IDA) on American Higher Education (ICPSR 34874). Coding for CCS was based on college catalogs obtained from College Source, Inc. The data are organized in a panel design, with measurements taken at five-year intervals: academic years 1975-76, 1980-81, 1985-86, 1990-91, 1995-96, 2000-01, 2005-06, and 2010-11. The database is based on information reported in each institution's college catalog, and includes data regarding changes in major academic units (schools and colleges), departments, interdisciplinary programs, and general education requirements. For schools and departments, changes in structure were coded, including new units, name changes, splits in units, units moved to new schools, reconstituted units, consolidated units, departments reduced to program status, and eliminated units. The American College Catalog Study Database (CCS) is intended to allow researchers to examine changes in the structure of institutionalized knowledge in four-year colleges and universities within the United States. For information on the study design, including detailed coding conventions, please see the Original P.I. Documentation section of the ICPSR Codebook. The data are not weighted. Dataset 1, Characteristics Variables, contains three weight variables (IDAWT, CCSWT, and CASEWEIGHT) which users may wish to apply during analysis. For additional information on weights, please see the Original P.I. Documentation section of the ICPSR Codebook. ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection: Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes.. Response Rates: Approximately 75 percent of IDA institutions are included in CCS. For additional information on response rates, please see the Original P.I. Documentation section of the ICPSR Codebook. Four-year not-for-profit colleges and universities in the United States. Smallest Geographic Unit: state CCS includes 286 institutions drawn from the IDA sample of 384 United States four-year colleges and universities. CCS contains every IDA institution for which a full set of catalogs could be located at the initiation of the project in 2000. CCS contains seven datasets that can be linked through an institutional identification number variable (PROJ_ID). Since the data are organized in a panel format, it is also necessary to use a second variable (YEAR) to link datasets. For a brief description of each CCS dataset, please see Appendix B within the Original P.I. Documentation section of the ICPSR Codebook.There are date discrepancies between the data and the Original P.I. Documentation. Study Time Periods and Collection Dates reflect dates that are present in the data. No additional information was provided.Please note that the related data collection featuring the Institutional Data Archive on American Higher Education, 1970-2011, will be available as ICPSR 34874. Additional information on the American College Catalog Study Database (CCS) and the Institutional Data Archive (IDA) database can be found on the Colleges and Universities 2000 Web site.

Descriptive statistics of undocumented immigrant adults stratified by use of smugglers to cross the US-Mexico border: Mexican Migration Project 2007–19.

Studies of the saproxylic and predatory beetle family Monotomidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea) in the southeastern USA increased the known diversity for the family in the state of Georgia by one genus and nine species. Online records of Monotomidae from Georgia increased from 0 to 885. This work highlights the lack of basic diversity information about small beetles that inhabit wood, leaf litter, and other decaying plant matter in this region.

description: Pan evaporation is a measure of atmospheric evaporative demand (E0) for which long term and spatially distributed observations are available from the NOAA Cooperative Observer (COOP) Network. However, this data requires extensive quality control and homogenization due to documented and undocumented station moves and other factors including human errors in recording or digitization. Station-based Pan Evaporation measurements (in mm) from 247 stations across the continental United States were compiled and quality controlled for the analysis shown in Dewes et al., 2017. This dataset reports warm season (May-October; for 21 stations the data is only available for May-September) pan evaporation with at least 20 years of data between 1950 and 2001. Both monthly values and long-term monthly averages are made available, including the climatological measure for standard deviation and coefficient of variation. Dewes et al. (2017) used this dataset to evaluate the ability of different E0 formulations €“ Hargreaves-Samani, Priestly-Taylor, and Penman-Monteith €“ to reproduce the spatial patterns of observed warm-season E0 and its interannual variability. This data is an extension of the dataset described in Hobbins (2004) and Hobbins et al. (2004) with 21 additional stations north of 41oN latitude. The extension was needed in order to include data in the North Central Climate Science Center region. For these added stations, the procedure described in Hobbins (2004) for quality control was applied, including an adjustment in the mean when documented station moves occurred, and the removal of obvious outliers. The quality control procedure for the extended dataset did not automate tests for undocumented inhomogeneities for these stations. For all stations, a visual inspection of the timeseries was used to add additional breakpoints in the data for homogenization (only two were added in the extended set), and to eliminate two stations from consideration.; abstract: Pan evaporation is a measure of atmospheric evaporative demand (E0) for which long term and spatially distributed observations are available from the NOAA Cooperative Observer (COOP) Network. However, this data requires extensive quality control and homogenization due to documented and undocumented station moves and other factors including human errors in recording or digitization. Station-based Pan Evaporation measurements (in mm) from 247 stations across the continental United States were compiled and quality controlled for the analysis shown in Dewes et al., 2017. This dataset reports warm season (May-October; for 21 stations the data is only available for May-September) pan evaporation with at least 20 years of data between 1950 and 2001. Both monthly values and long-term monthly averages are made available, including the climatological measure for standard deviation and coefficient of variation. Dewes et al. (2017) used this dataset to evaluate the ability of different E0 formulations €“ Hargreaves-Samani, Priestly-Taylor, and Penman-Monteith €“ to reproduce the spatial patterns of observed warm-season E0 and its interannual variability. This data is an extension of the dataset described in Hobbins (2004) and Hobbins et al. (2004) with 21 additional stations north of 41oN latitude. The extension was needed in order to include data in the North Central Climate Science Center region. For these added stations, the procedure described in Hobbins (2004) for quality control was applied, including an adjustment in the mean when documented station moves occurred, and the removal of obvious outliers. The quality control procedure for the extended dataset did not automate tests for undocumented inhomogeneities for these stations. For all stations, a visual inspection of the timeseries was used to add additional breakpoints in the data for homogenization (only two were added in the extended set), and to eliminate two stations from consideration.

This Los Angeles Times poll is one in a series of opinion studies designed to measure public attitudes on a number of critical issues. This particular survey focuses on politics, direction of California, Clinton job performance, state legislature job performance, American citizenship, the 1996 presidential election, tax plans, teen drug use, the school system, intention to vote, their vote for certain propositions, the California recession, the environment versus economy, welfare, illegal immigrants, affirmative action, location of home, Governor Pete Wilson's job performance, political ideology, and religious background. The survey was conducted via telephone with men and women 18 years of age or older. The survey was conducted in both Spanish and English.

Please Note: This dataset is part of the historical CISER Data Archive Collection and is also available at the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research at https://doi.org/10.25940/ROPER-31093068. We highly recommend using the Roper Center version as they may make this dataset available in multiple data formats in the future.

This dataset covers ballots 529-33, 752, 761, 765-67, 776, 806-12, spanning January-December 1988. The dataset contains the data resulting from these polls in ASCII. The ballots are as follows: 529-1 - January This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly social and political issues. The questions ask opinions on what Canada's biggest problem is, the prospect of peace in the Middle-east and which party is best equipped to deal with Canada's biggest problem. There are also questions on other topics of interest such as subsidized day-care, whether or not an election should be called and how hard people work . The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic, political and social variables. Topics of interest include: Canada's biggest problem; evaluation of party to best deal with Canada's problems; subsidized day-care; the conflict in the Middle-east; Canada's economic situation in the next six months; the security of computer credit information; whether or not an election should be called; how hard people work; and predictions for Canada's next parliament. Basic demographic variables are also included. 530-1 - February This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly social and political issues. The questions ask opinions on what Canada's biggest problem is, the prospect of peace in the Middle-east and which party is best equipped to deal with Canada's biggest problem. There are also questions on other topics of interest such as subsidized day-care, whether or not an election should be called and how hard people work . The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic, political and social variables. Topics of interest include: Canada's biggest problem; evaluation of party to best deal with Canada's problems; subsidized day-care; the conflict in the Middle-east; Canada's economic situation in the next six months; the security of computer credit information; whether or not an election should be called; how hard people work; and predictions for Canada's next parliament. Basic demographic variables are also included. 531-1 - March This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about different political figures and parties, current events and the severity of substance abuse in Canada. There are also questions on other topics of interest such as the ability of the United States to treat the world's problems, the existence of U.F.O's and life on other planets and unemployment insurance. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic, political and social variables. Topics of interest include: drug and alcohol use in Canada; bias in new reporting; cabinet minister identification; opinions on Canadian political leaders; cruise missile testing in Canada's north; nuclear energy in Canada; immigration quotas; unemployment insurance; disposable income; and U.F.O's. Basic demographics are also included. 532-1 - April This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political and social issues. The questions ask opinions on the prevelance and acceptance of homosexuality, and approval of the Meech Lake accord. There are also questions on other topics of interest such acid rain versus free trade negotiations with the Unite States, patriotism in Canada and Sunday shopping. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic, political and social variables. Topics of interest include: acid rain versus free trade as most important issue to negotiate with U.S.; approval of granting Quebec distinct society status in the Meech Lake accord; approval of granting more power to the provinces in the Meech Lake accord; degree of patriotism in Canada; effect of a candidate's sexual orientation on getting votes; general familiarity with and approval of the Meech Lake accord; professions homosexuals should or should not be allowed to pursue; rights for homosexuals; Svend Robinson's declaring himself as a homosexual; the minimum amount of money a family of four needs per week to get by; abortion as woman and doctor's decision; and Sunday shopping. Basic demographic variables are also included. 533-1 - May This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political and social issues. The questions ask opinions about the frequency of political preference, influential factors in political choices and general economic issues. There are also questions on other topics of interest such as religious habits, anti-smoking bylaws and the impact of computers. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic, political and social variables. Topics of interest include: the rate and regulation of bank fees; importance of organized religion; the economic future of Canada; the ideal number of children to have; the impact and availability of computers; anti-smoking bylaws; approval of 1984 Progressive Conservative government; approval of 1988 party leaders; abortion; influential factors on voter choice; and free trade. Basic demographics are also included. 752-p - August (Alberta Regional Review) This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Albertans on predominantly political issues. Topics of interest include: whether Canadian farmers require special government assistance, remuneration for the Principal Group failure, voting behavior in the provincial election, opinion on the Progressive Conservative government in Edmonton, Don Getty, Ray Martin, Don Getty stepping down as leader of the Alberta Progressive Conservative Party, the Provincial Liberal Part, voting behavior in the federal election, and the trading of Wayne Gretzky's effect on the Edmonton Oilers and Los Angeles Kings. Basic demographics are also included. 761-t - October This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political issues and social issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders and upcoming political voting trends. There are also questions dealing with Party leaders and the situations they would excel in. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographical variables. Topics of interest include: voting behaviour; the Election; party leaders; Brian Mulroney; Ed Broadbent; John Turner/ Basic demographic variables are also included. 765-t - October This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians from the Toronto area, on predominantly political issues. The questions ask opinions about current municipal level problems like traffic congestion and housing prices as well as opinions on federal issues like abortion and free trade. There are also questions on other topics of interest such as voting choice, political leaders at the federal level and who would make the best Prime Minister. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic, political and social variables. Topics of interest include: degree of interest in upcoming federal election; likelihood that respondent will choose to vote; vote inclination or preferences; federal election's main issue; social issues facing Toronto; and evaluations of Brian Mulroney, John Turner and Edbroadbent. Basic demographics are also included. 766-t - October This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on political leaders during the televised debate. The questions ask opinions about the winner fo the debate, the impact of the debate on the respondents upcoming vote and the free trade issue. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic, political and social variables. Topics of interest include: wether the respondents watched the debate in full or only part; the winner according to the respondents; the impact on the respondents upcoming vote; the preferences of the respondents before viewing the debate; and the necessity of a separate debate concerning the free trade issue. Basic demographics are also included. 767-t - October This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political questions. The questions ask opinions about candidates and parties in the upcoming federal election, the respondents' degree of interest in the current electoral campaign. There are also questions on other topics of interest such as voting choice, and the proposed Canada - U.S. Free Trade Agreement. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic, political and social variables. Topics of interest include: degree of interest in upcoming election; likelihood that respondent will choose to vote; previous voting; voter preferences; factors influencing voter's choice; support for, and potential impact of free trade; and assessments of party leaders and other prominent political leaders. Basic demographics are also included. 776-t - November (missing) 806-1 - June This Gallup poll seeks the opinions of Canadians, on predominantly political issues. The questions ask opinions about political leaders, business conditions, free trade and social issues such as abortion. There are also questions on other topics of interest such as amnesty for illegal immigrants and child birth incentives to counteract the falling birth rate. The respondents were also asked questions so that they could be grouped according to geographic, political and social variables. Topics of interest include: allowing amnesty to illegal immigrants; business conditions; Canadian political party leaders; Free Trade and its effect on employment, income and Canada U.S. relations; incentives to counter falling birth rates; legalization of abortion; political figures: Brian Mulrooney, John Turner, Ed Broadbent and the 1988 Canadian Cabinet; problems facing Canada today; and American investment in Canada.