JP: Prevalence of Severe Wasting: Weight for Height: Male: % of Children under 5 data was reported at 0.300 % in 2010. JP: Prevalence of Severe Wasting: Weight for Height: Male: % of Children under 5 data is updated yearly, averaging 0.300 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2010, with 1 observations. JP: Prevalence of Severe Wasting: Weight for Height: Male: % of Children under 5 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank: Health Statistics. Prevalence of severe wasting, male, is the proportion of boys under age 5 whose weight for height is more than three standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59.; ; World Health Organization, Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition. Country-level data are unadjusted data from national surveys, and thus may not be comparable across countries.; Linear mixed-effect model estimates; Undernourished children have lower resistance to infection and are more likely to die from common childhood ailments such as diarrheal diseases and respiratory infections. Frequent illness saps the nutritional status of those who survive, locking them into a vicious cycle of recurring sickness and faltering growth (UNICEF, www.childinfo.org). Estimates of child malnutrition, based on prevalence of underweight and stunting, are from national survey data. The proportion of underweight children is the most common malnutrition indicator. Being even mildly underweight increases the risk of death and inhibits cognitive development in children. And it perpetuates the problem across generations, as malnourished women are more likely to have low-birth-weight babies. Stunting, or being below median height for age, is often used as a proxy for multifaceted deprivation and as an indicator of long-term changes in malnutrition.

I’ve also shown the change in rich countries on the chart. From this way of looking at the data, it might seem that child mortality is no longer an issue in rich countries. Their rates are very low and barely visible compared to many other countries. It also looks like almost no progress has been made in the last 30 years: mortality was low and is still low.

But I think both of these conclusions are wrong. Countries in the European Union, Japan, South Korea, the United Kingdom — the list goes on — have made childhood much safer in my own 30-year lifetime.1 It’s just something we rarely hear about. I also don’t think that this is a “solved problem”; it is still too common for parents to see their children die, and there’s a lot more that we can do to save their lives.

We have this perception because we compare countries by their absolute reduction in child mortality. Many low- and middle-income countries have reduced these rates by 5, 10, or 20 percentage points over the last 30 years. Of course, that would be impossible for many richer countries: the child mortality rate in the European Union (EU) was around 1% in 1990, so the maximum reduction it could achieve in absolute terms would be one percentage point.

It’s only when we look at the relative reduction in child mortality that we see that rich countries have also made impressive progress.

The chart below shows these same countries — or groups of countries — plotted as the change in mortality rates since 1990. All of them have halved child mortality rates or more.

In the previous chart, progress in the EU looked a little underwhelming. But, in fact, rates have fallen by 69%. Even in Japan, one of the safest countries to be born in, child mortality rates have dropped by almost two-thirds. Those are not small reductions. Children are much less likely to die than they were in 1990.

Introduction

The East Asian Children Facial Image Dataset is a thoughtfully curated collection designed to support the development of advanced facial recognition systems, biometric identity verification, age estimation tools, and child-specific AI models. This dataset enables researchers and developers to build highly accurate, inclusive, and ethically sourced AI solutions for real-world applications.

Facial Image Data

The dataset includes over 1500 high-resolution image sets of children under the age of 18. Each participant contributes approximately 15 unique facial images, captured to reflect natural variations in appearance and context.

Diversity and Representation

Quality and Image Conditions

To ensure robust model training and generalizability, images are captured under varied natural conditions:

Metadata

Each child’s image set is paired with detailed, structured metadata, enabling granular control and filtering during model training:

This metadata is essential for applications that require demographic awareness, such as region-specific facial recognition or bias mitigation in AI models.

Applications

This dataset is ideal for a wide range of computer vision use cases, including:

Ethical Collection and Data Security

We maintain the highest ethical and security standards throughout the data lifecycle:

Japan JP: Prevalence of Stunting: Height for Age: Female: % of Children Under 5 data was reported at 6.500 % in 2010. Japan JP: Prevalence of Stunting: Height for Age: Female: % of Children Under 5 data is updated yearly, averaging 6.500 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2010, with 1 observations. Japan JP: Prevalence of Stunting: Height for Age: Female: % of Children Under 5 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Prevalence of stunting, female, is the percentage of girls under age 5 whose height for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. For children up to two years old height is measured by recumbent length. For older children height is measured by stature while standing. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.; ; World Health Organization, Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition. Country-level data are unadjusted data from national surveys, and thus may not be comparable across countries.; Linear mixed-effect model estimates; Undernourished children have lower resistance to infection and are more likely to die from common childhood ailments such as diarrheal diseases and respiratory infections. Frequent illness saps the nutritional status of those who survive, locking them into a vicious cycle of recurring sickness and faltering growth (UNICEF, www.childinfo.org). Estimates of child malnutrition, based on prevalence of underweight and stunting, are from national survey data. The proportion of underweight children is the most common malnutrition indicator. Being even mildly underweight increases the risk of death and inhibits cognitive development in children. And it perpetuates the problem across generations, as malnourished women are more likely to have low-birth-weight babies. Stunting, or being below median height for age, is often used as a proxy for multifaceted deprivation and as an indicator of long-term changes in malnutrition.

Japan WHO Health Indicators

Substance Abuse, Mental Health, and Disease Statistics

By Humanitarian Data Exchange [source]

About this dataset

This dataset from the World Health Organization’s data portal contains a wide array of health indicators for Japan, covering topics such as mortality and global health estimates, sustainable development goals, millennium development goals, health systems, infectious diseases, health financing, public health and environment, substance use and mental health, tobacco use and violence prevention , HIV/AIDS and other sexually-transmitted infections (STIs), nutrition intake levels, urban healthcare practices,, noncommunicable disease management methods , neglected tropical diseases surveillance infrastructure statistics medical equipment technology demographic profiles , youth healthcare access policies international he Heath regulations monitoring framework insecticide resistance protocol oral health advancements Universal Health Coverage (UHC) strategies financial protection AMR GLASS ICD SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH resources. The dataset also provides links to individual indicator metadata. Please note that additional information regarding each indicator is available in those resource descriptions. Information was sourced from the WHO database and was last updated on 2020-09-16

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How to use the dataset

This dataset provides a wealth of information about the health and safety indicators in Japan. It contains data from World Health Organization's (WHO) data portal, covering multiple categories such as mortality and global health estimates, sustainable development goals, millennium development goals (MDGs), malaria and tuberculosis, child health, infectious diseases, world health statistics, demography and socioeconomic statistics etc. This guide will provide an overview of the content of this dataset as well as instructions on how to use it.

The dataset consists of several columns which describe various aspects of each indicator: GHO Code – The code for the Global Health Observatory indicator; GHO Display – The name of the Global Health Observatory indicator; GBDChildCauses (CODE) – The code for the Global Burden of Disease Child Causes Indicator; GBDChildCauses (DISPLAY) – The name of the Global Burden Of Disease Child Causes Indicator; PublishState (CODE) - The code for the publication state; PublishState(DISPLAY)-The name of the publication state; Year(CODE)-The code for year;; Year(DISPLA & YEAR)(URL); Region(CODE & REGION)(DISPL ®ION)(URL); Country (& COUNTRY)(DISPL & COUNTRY)(URL); AgeGroup (& AGEGROUP)(COD &AGEGROUP); Sex ((SEX CODE))  Sex DISPLAY ; GHECAUSES&GHECause(DisplayGHEconse URL&CHILDCause Code cCHILDCUSE DISP、 CHILDCUSE URL Display Value、Numericlow HIGH  STD ERR StdDev Comments。

In order to begin using this dataset you will have to download it from Kaggle. After downloading you can view its contents using any application like a spreadsheet. You can also rewrite all or part of it into other formats such as JSON if necessary. Once completed follow these steps to get analytics about your data:

• Preparing Your Data - Start by eliminating all irrelevant columns that don't contain useful information or could potentially confuse or mislead your analysis process like comments column which contain notes on certain entries in this set rather than numbers or statistical values related to them..

• Calculate/ Analyze relevant indicators - Use function formulas that come with your application suite like average median mode min max calculations etc so that you can know exactly what kindof , indicators is being used in

Research Ideas

• Analysis of healthcare improvements or shortfalls across Japan over time.
• Tracking the prevalence of various types of Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) in Japan, including mental health issues, to inform public policy and interventions.
• Examination of the infrastructure spending in Japanese healthcare to help inform other nations’ decisions on investment levels for health services delivery

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

See the dataset description for more information.

Columns

File: all-health-indicators-for-japan-18.csv | Column name | Description | |:-----------------------------|:------------------------------------------------------------------...

Dataset Title

Validation Data for the KaTid-Child-Japan

Description

The dataset comprises data collected for the purpose of validating the Japanese version of the KaTid-Child assessment tool. The dataset comprises information utilized to assess the test-retest reliability, inter-rater reliability, and other psychometric properties of the tool. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using a range of techniques, including Spearman's rank correlation, the kappa statistic, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Furthermore, bootstrap resampling was employed to calculate confidence intervals.

Key Features

The objective of this study is to validate the Japanese version of KaTid-Child for use in pediatric occupational therapy. The data set includes both raw and processed data used for reliability analyses. The variables included in the data set are those that are relevant to test-retest and inter-rater reliability.

File Details

• Filename: Validation_Data_for_the_KaTid-Child-Japan.xlsx
• Format: Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (.xlsx)
• Size: 58.78 KB
• Structure: The data have been organized into separate sheets for the following purposes: raw data, descriptive statistics, and reliability analysis results.

Usage Notes

The data set is intended for use in research. In the event of reuse, the original study must be appropriately cited and the authors acknowledged. Prior to utilizing the dataset, it is requisite that the authors be contacted to obtain permission. For a detailed account of the methodology and context, please refer to the associated publication.

Contact Information

Should you require further information or clarification regarding this dataset, please do not hesitate to contact us at tasaka-shota@spu.ac.jp.

Japan JP: Prevalence of Underweight: Weight for Age: % of Children Under 5 data was reported at 3.400 % in 2010. Japan JP: Prevalence of Underweight: Weight for Age: % of Children Under 5 data is updated yearly, averaging 3.400 % from Dec 2010 (Median) to 2010, with 1 observations. Japan JP: Prevalence of Underweight: Weight for Age: % of Children Under 5 data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank: Health Statistics. Prevalence of underweight children is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. The data are based on the WHO's child growth standards released in 2006.; ; UNICEF, WHO, World Bank: Joint child malnutrition estimates (JME). Aggregation is based on UNICEF, WHO, and the World Bank harmonized dataset (adjusted, comparable data) and methodology.; Linear mixed-effect model estimates; Undernourished children have lower resistance to infection and are more likely to die from common childhood ailments such as diarrheal diseases and respiratory infections. Frequent illness saps the nutritional status of those who survive, locking them into a vicious cycle of recurring sickness and faltering growth (UNICEF, www.childinfo.org). Estimates of child malnutrition, based on prevalence of underweight and stunting, are from national survey data. The proportion of underweight children is the most common malnutrition indicator. Being even mildly underweight increases the risk of death and inhibits cognitive development in children. And it perpetuates the problem across generations, as malnourished women are more likely to have low-birth-weight babies. Stunting, or being below median height for age, is often used as a proxy for multifaceted deprivation and as an indicator of long-term changes in malnutrition.

Objective: Low self-esteem among adolescents can be considered a risk factor for suicidal behavior in adolescents. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the association between the existence of a third place and role model on self-esteem among adolescents in Japan, where low self-esteem is prevalent among adolescents.Methods: We analyzed data from the 2016 Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (A-CHILD) study, in which a school-based questionnaire was conducted among children in grades 4, 6, and 8 living in Adachi City, Tokyo (N = 1,609). Children self-rated their own levels of self-esteem. Low self-esteem was defined as lower 10 percentile group. The existence of a third place was defined as a place where children spent time after school other than the home or school campus, and role model was defined as having someone, other than a parent, who they looked up to, and these concepts were assessed via questionnaire.Results: Adolescents without a third place and role model accounted for 10.5 and 6.1%, respectively. We found that children who lacked a third place also showed a significant association with low self-esteem (OR: 1.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–2.81), and those who lacked a role model were 3.34 times more likely to have lower self-esteem (95% CI: 1.98–5.62).Conclusion: The existence of a third place and a role model may be important to prevent low self-esteem among adolescents in Japan.

Supplementary files for article Supplementary information files for Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants.BackgroundComparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents.MethodsFor this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence.FindingsWe pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls.InterpretationThe height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks.

In humans, support from partners and alloparents is crucial for successful child-rearing and optimal child development. However, the complex relationships among childcare support, children's outcomes and parental characteristics have not been fully examined. We investigate how three sources of partner and alloparental support—partner's childcare participation, support from children's grandparents and support from non-kin—can be associated with child social development. We hypothesize that the associations between childcare support from partners/alloparents and child social development are partly mediated by parental psychological condition and parenting style. To test this, we conducted path analyses on online survey data collected in 2016 from parents of 3- to 5-year-old children in Japan. We found no evidence that childcare support had direct positive effects on child social development. Rather, the benefit of childcare support was mediated by its effects on parental psychological condition and parenting style, which in turn improved children's outcomes. At the same time, we found some evidence that greater availability of childcare support was directly associated with more behavioural difficulties in children. Our findings reveal the complex pathways between childcare support, parental characteristics and children's outcomes in Japan, showing potential mechanisms behind parental and alloparental effects in industrialized populations.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Multidisciplinary perspectives on social support and maternal-child health’.

We consider age-structured models with an imposed refractory period between births. These models can be used to formulate alternative population control strategies to China's one-child policy. By allowing any number of births, but with an imposed delay between births, we show how the total population can be decreased and how a relatively older age distribution can be generated. This delay represents a more "continuous" form of population management for which the strict one-child policy is a limiting case. Such a policy approach could be more easily accepted by society. Our analyses provide an initial framework for studying demographics and how social constraints influence population structure.

This dataset includes the raw population data for 1981 China and 2000 Japan, and some Matlab code files used to process such raw data and produce predictions.

This dataset shows the number of births in Japan by birth weight and by gestational age between 2000 and 2019. These data are from the annual vital statistics population data collected by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. In Japan, information related to birth was collected from birth certificates which issued by obstetricians and midwives at hospitals and clinics at the time of birth, and these data are reported to the mayor of the municipality. The birth certificate lists the sex, birth weight, gestational age, etc..These data are systematically registered electronically with the municipal government as vital statistics data.

BackgroundKawasaki disease (KD) is a form of pediatric systemic vasculitis. Although the etiology remains unclear, infections have been identified as possible triggers. Children with a later birth order and those who attend childcare are at a higher risk of infections due to exposure to pathogens from their older siblings and other childcare attendees. However, longitudinal studies exploring these associations are limited. Thus, we aimed to elucidate the relationship between birth order, group childcare attendance, and KD, using a nationwide longitudinal survey in Japan.MethodsIn total, 36,885 children born in Japan in 2010 were included. The survey used questionnaires to identify hospitalized cases of KD. We evaluated the relationship between birth order classification, group childcare attendance, and KD prevalence every year, from 6 to 66 months of age. For each outcome, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated after adjusting for child factors, parental factors, and region of residence.ResultsChildren with higher birth orders were more likely to be hospitalized with KD at 6–18 months of age (second child OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.25–2.51; third child OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.08–2.65). This trend was stronger for children who did not attend group childcare (second child OR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.57–4.01; third child OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.30–4.43). An increased risk of KD hospitalization owing to the birth order was not observed in any age group for children in the childcare group.ConclusionsChildren with higher birth orders were at high risk for hospitalization due to KD at 6–18 months of age. The effect of birth order was more prominent among the children who did not attend group childcare.

The data set "raw data_1988" contains the data of 1988 children as (1) ID, (2) Prefecture, (3) Classification of disfluencies, (4) Age of month, (5) Sex, (6) Has siblings, (7) Development of language, (8) Family history of stuttering, (9) Concern about the child's development, (10) Child's diseases or disabilities, (11) Household income, (12) Highest educational attainment of the father, (13) Highest educational attainment of the mother.The data set "raw data_child's disease or disabilities_110" contains the data of 110 child with disease or/and disabilities, which are (1) Classification of disfluencies and (2) Name of specific disease or disability. The data set "raw data_concern about the child's development_526" contains the data of 513 child whose guardians have concern, which are (1) Classification of disfluencies and (2) Any specific concerns.

Previous studies investigating cultural differences in attention and perception have shown that individuals from Western countries (e. g., the U.S.) perceive more analytically whereas individuals from East Asian countries (e.g., Japan) perceive more holistically (e.g., Nisbett and Miyamoto, 2005). These differences have been shown in children as young as 3 years old (Kuwabara and Smith, 2016). To reflect cultural influences on cognition, specifically on attention and perception, this study investigated potential differences in the visual environment. In this study, we focused on one of such visual environments that young children are exposed to regularly and influence other domains of development, picture books (Horst and Houston-Price, 2015). Thirty seven U.S. picture books and 37 Japanese picture books were coded for visual contents—how visually crowded—by computer software from the National Institute of Health (NIH) and human coders. Results show that the U.S. picture books are more visually crowded than the Japanese books by the software, but contained more objects than the Japanese books as expected, which reflect well with the cultural differences in attention observed in young children in previous studies. However, the results differed based on the target ages of the books. The implication of the current study is discussed as a reflection of the mutual constitution between culture and psyche.

Stock Price Time Series for Right On Co Ltd. RIGHT ON Co., Ltd. operates a chain of casual wear specialty stores in Japan. The company's product categories include tops, jackets/outwear, bottoms, skirts, dresses/tunics, fashion accessories, socks/underwear, and other products for men, women, and kids. It sells its products through stores, as well as online. The company was incorporated in 1980 and is headquartered in Tsukuba, Japan.

Background & AimsThe utility of transient elastography (FibroScan) is well studied in adults but not in children. We sought to assess the feasibility of performing FibroScans and the characteristics of FibroScan-based liver profiles in Japanese obese and non-obese children.MethodsFibroScan examinations were performed in pediatric patients (age, 1–18 yr) who visited Osaka City University Hospital. Liver steatosis measured by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), and hepatic fibrosis evaluated as the liver stiffness measurement (LSM), were compared among obese subjects (BMI percentile ≥90%), non-obese healthy controls, and non-obese patients with liver disease.ResultsAmong 214 children examined, FibroScans were performed successfully in 201 children (93.9%; median, 11.5 yr; range, 1.3–17.6 yr; 115 male). CAP values (mean±SD) were higher in the obese group (n = 52, 285±60 dB/m) compared with the liver disease (n = 40, 202±62, P<0.001) and the control (n = 107, 179±41, P<0.001) group. LSM values were significantly higher in the obese group (5.5±2.3 kPa) than in the control (3.9±0.9, P<0.001), but there were no significant differences in LSM between the liver disease group (5.4±4.2) and either the obese or control group. LSM was highly correlated with CAP in the obese group (ρ = 0.511) but not in the control (ρ = 0.129) or liver disease (ρ = 0.170) groups.ConclusionsChildhood obesity carries a high risk of hepatic steatosis associated with increased liver stiffness. FibroScan methodology provides simultaneous determination of CAP and LSM, is feasible in children of any age, and is a non-invasive and effective screening method for hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis in Japanese obese children.

Low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), and preterm birth (PTB) are important neonatal outcomes that may affect infant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to investigate associations between maternal hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and pregnancy outcomes of LBW, SGA, and PTB. This was a prospective birth cohort study using data of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. Participants were divided into five groups according to maternal Hb (g/dL) in the first and second trimesters: group 1, Hb < 9; group 2, 9 ≤ Hb < 11.0; group 3, 11.0 ≤ Hb < 13.0; group 4, 13.0 < Hb < 14.0; and group 5, 14.0 ≤ Hb. We examined the relationships between LBW, PTB, SGA, and maternal Hb in the first and second trimesters. Excluding 29,673, a total of 74,392 newborns (first trimester: n = 39,084, second trimester: n = 35,308) were included. We obtained adjusted odds ratios (aORs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) using multivariate analysis; compared with group 3 in the first trimesters, women in group 1 were at increased risk of PTB (aOR, 3.20; 95% CI, 1.69–6.09), LBW (aOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.19–4.09). In the second trimester, multivariate analysis revealed that, compared with group 3 in the second trimester, women in group 1 were at increased risk of PTB (aOR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.19–4.42) and women in group 5 were at increased risk of LBW (aOR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.24–2.81) and PTB (aOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.06–2.83). Elevated maternal Hb in the second trimester was associated with risks of PTB and LBW.

OverviewThis dataset provides comprehensive information on the origin–destination (OD) relationship between patients' residences and hospitals at the prefecture levels for children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer in Japan from 2016 to 2019.Dataset ContentsThe dataset includes one component:Data_1. Cross-tabulation of patient residence and hospital location by prefectureData source and methodsWe obtained the data from the National Cancer Registry in accordance with the Cancer Registration Promotion Act in Japan (Act No. 111 of December 13, 2013), and independently analyzed those data, with the results presented.All analyses were performed for total patients and stratified as follows:Eight diagnostic groups1: lymphohematopoietic cancer (ICCC-3: I/II), brain tumors (III), neuroblastoma (IV), retinoblastoma (V), renal tumors (VI), hepatic tumors (VII), bone tumors/soft tissue sarcomas (VIII/IX), germ cell and gonadal tumors (X).Four age groups: 0–14 years, 15–19 years, 20–29 years, and 30–39 yearsFive hospital groups: initial diagnosis, diagnostic, invasive treatment, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.1 The Roman numerals in parentheses indicate the major diagnostic group numbers in the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, Third edition (ICCC-3).Steliarova-Foucher E, Stiller C, Lacour B, Kaatsch P. International Classification of Childhood Cancer, third edition. Cancer. 2005;103(7):1457-1467. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.20910.Additional InformationFor a detailed description of the study and findings, please refer to the manuscript at https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.70069.Contact InformationPlease contact the following for inquiries regarding this dataset:Anna Tsutsui, Department of Medical Statistics, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan.anna.tsutsui(at)med.toho-u.ac.jpCitationIf you use this dataset in your research, please cite the following:Anna Tsutsui, Yoshitaka Murakami, Takako Fujimaki, Masayuki Endo, Yuko Ohno. Geographical Discrepancy in Medical Care Access Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Cancer in Japan, 2016–2019. Cancer Science. https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.70069.

BackgroundEarly intervention and prevention of psychiatric comorbidities of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are urgent issues. However, the differences in the diagnoses of ASD and ADHD and psychiatric comorbidities associated with age, long-term healthcare utilization trajectories, and its associated diagnostic features have not been fully elucidated in Japan.MethodWe conducted a retrospective observational study using the medical records. Member hospitals of three major consortiums of hospitals providing child and adolescent psychiatric services in Japan were recruited for the study. Children who accessed the psychiatry services of the participating hospitals in April 2015 were followed up for 5 years, and data on their clinical diagnoses, consultation numbers, and hospitalizations were collected. Non-hierarchical clustering was performed using two 10-timepoint longitudinal variables: consultation numbers and hospitalization. Among the major clusters, the differences in the prevalence of ASD, ADHD, comorbid intellectual disability, neurotic disorders, and other psychiatric disorders were assessed.ResultsA total of 44 facilities participated in the study (59.5%), and 1,003 participants were enrolled. Among them, 591 diagnosed with ASD and/or ADHD (58.9%) and 589 without missing data were assessed. The mean age was 10.1 years, and 363 (70.9%) were boys. Compared with the pre-schoolers, the school-aged children and adolescents had fewer ASD, more ADHD, and fewer comorbid intellectual disability diagnoses, as well as more diagnoses of other psychiatric disorders. A total of 309 participants (54.7%) continued consultation for 2 years, and 207 (35.1%) continued for 5 years. Clustering analysis identified three, two, and three major clusters among pre-schoolers, school-aged children, and adolescents, respectively. The largest cluster was characterized by early termination of the consultation and accounted for 55.4, 70.6, and 73.4% of pre-schoolers, school-aged children, and adolescents, respectively. Among the school-aged children, the diagnosis of ADHD was associated with a cluster that required longer periods of consultations. Among the adolescents, comorbid psychiatric disorders other than intellectual disability and neurotic disorders were associated with clusters that required hospitalization.ConclusionContinuous healthcare needs were common and psychiatric comorbidities were associated with complex trajectory among adolescents. The promotion of early intervention and prevention of comorbidities are important.