This project provides a comprehensive dataset on intentional homicides in Mexico from 1990 to 2023, disaggregated by sex and state. It includes both raw data and tools for visualization, making it a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and analysts studying violence trends, gender disparities, and regional patterns.ContentsHomicide Data: Total number of male and female victims per state and year.Population Data: Corresponding male and female population estimates for each state and year.Homicide Rates: Per 100,000 inhabitants, calculated for both sexes.Choropleth Map Script: A Python script that generates homicide rate maps using a GeoJSON file.GeoJSON File: A spatial dataset defining Mexico's state boundaries, used for mapping.Sample Figure: A pre-generated homicide rate map for 2023 as an example.Requirements File: A requirements.txt file listing necessary dependencies for running the script.SourcesHomicide Data: INEGI - Vital Statistics MicrodataPopulation Data: Mexican Population Projections 2020-2070This dataset enables spatial analysis and data visualization, helping users explore homicide trends across Mexico in a structured and reproducible way.

Mexico MX: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data was reported at 19.264 Ratio in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 16.492 Ratio for 2015. Mexico MX: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data is updated yearly, averaging 14.139 Ratio from Dec 1995 (Median) to 2016, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 22.851 Ratio in 2011 and a record low of 7.929 Ratio in 2007. Mexico MX: Intentional Homicides: per 100,000 People data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Intentional homicides are estimates of unlawful homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.; ; UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database.; Weighted average;

This dataset provides comprehensive information on the total number of victims of intentional homicide in Mexico from 1990 to 2023, disaggregated by sex and state. The dataset is structured according to the official government methodology, using the year and state of registration for consistency and comparability.Key features of the dataset include:Homicide data: Total counts of male and female victims, grouped by year and state.Population data: Corresponding male and female population figures for each state and year.Homicide rates: Calculated rates for male and female victims based on the provided population data.Sources:Homicide data: INEGI - Vital Statistics MicrodataPopulation data: Mexican Population Projections 2020-2070This dataset is valuable for researchers, policymakers, and analysts interested in studying homicide trends, understanding gender disparities in violence, and evaluating regional differences across Mexican states.

Historical dataset showing Mexico crime rate per 100K population by year from 1990 to 2021.

Historical dataset showing Mexico murder/homicide rate per 100K population by year from 1990 to 2021.

Mexico MX: Intentional Homicides: Female: per 100,000 Female data was reported at 4.407 Ratio in 2016. This records an increase from the previous number of 3.785 Ratio for 2015. Mexico MX: Intentional Homicides: Female: per 100,000 Female data is updated yearly, averaging 2.510 Ratio from Dec 2000 (Median) to 2016, with 17 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 4.586 Ratio in 2012 and a record low of 1.951 Ratio in 2007. Mexico MX: Intentional Homicides: Female: per 100,000 Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Mexico – Table MX.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Intentional homicides, female are estimates of unlawful female homicides purposely inflicted as a result of domestic disputes, interpersonal violence, violent conflicts over land resources, intergang violence over turf or control, and predatory violence and killing by armed groups. Intentional homicide does not include all intentional killing; the difference is usually in the organization of the killing. Individuals or small groups usually commit homicide, whereas killing in armed conflict is usually committed by fairly cohesive groups of up to several hundred members and is thus usually excluded.; ; UN Office on Drugs and Crime's International Homicide Statistics database.; ;

This database adapts the Piccato, P., Hidalgo, S., & Lajous, A. (2008). Estadísticas del crimen en México: Series Históricas 1926—2008. for analysis in decades paired with Mexican National Statistics Institute Censuses (INEGI) by imputing the non-systematic absences of homicide rates with population growth rates. The database allows studying crime rates for homicide, rape, robbery, smuggling with socioeconomic data in Mexico through the second half of the XX Century.

Mexican cartels lose many members due to conflict with other cartels and arrests. Yet, despite their losses, cartels managed to increase violence for years. We address this puzzle by leveraging data on homicides, missing persons and arrests in Mexico for the past decade, along with information on cartel interactions. We model recruitment, state incapacitation, conflict and saturation as sources of cartel size variation. Results show that by 2022, cartels counted 160,000–185,000 units, becoming a top employer. Recruiting at least 350 people per week is essential to avoid their collapse due to aggregate losses. Furthermore, we show that increasing incapacitation would increase both homicides and cartel members. Conversely, reducing recruitment could substantially curtail violence and lower cartel size., Data obtained from Plataforma de Proyección de Datos Abierta, was processed to obtain a network structure. https://ppdata.politicadedrogas.org/ Trends were produced by solving a set of differential equations., Datasets are in a CSV format. Code is available for RStudio or R.

Organized intergroup violence is almost universally modeled as a calculated act motivated by economic factors. In contrast, it is generally assumed that non-economic factors, such as an individual’s emotional state, play a role in many types of interpersonal violence, such as crimes of passion. We ask whether non-economic factors can also explain the well-established relationship between temperature and violence in a unique context where intergroup killings by drug-trafficking organizations (DTOs) and other interpersonal homicides are separately documented. A constellation of evidence, including the limited influence of a cash transfer program as well as comparisons with both other DTO crime and suicides, indicate that economic factors only partially mitigate the relationship between temperature and violence that we estimate in Mexico. We argue that non-economic psychological and physiological factors that are affected by temperature, modeled here as a “taste for violence,” likely play an important role in causing both interpersonal and intergroup violence.

In 2024, there were approximately 1.9 homicides per 100,000 inhabitants in El Salvador. Since 2015, when it stood at 103, the murder rate has been dropping annually in this Central American country. Crime current state The region has witnessed a substantial reduction in the number of homicides since 2015, resulting in the most common crimes becoming increasingly more centered on non-lethal offenses and material-related transgressions, which now pose the most prevalent threats. This shift is equally apparent across both genders, with the rate of femicides steadily declining, paralleling a consistent decrease in overall victimization rates. Consequently, El Salvador achieved the ranking of the third safest country within the Latin American homicide rate context. Notwithstanding these notable improvements, a lingering sense of caution endures among the populace, as nearly half of them remain apprehensive about the prospect of falling victim to criminal activities. Main economic problems Following an extended phase marked by elevated inflation, the region continues to grapple with challenges in its efforts to recover. The impact has been most pronounced on the prices of essential food items, rendering them increasingly unaffordable for a population where approximately 20 percent live under poverty conditions. Furthermore, the unemployment rate persists, with one out of every two individuals still seeking employment opportunities. A significant proportion, approximately 60 percent, remain apprehensive about job loss, recognizing the subsequent loss of their primary income source. In response, the government is envisaging an enhancement in both the employment rate and the GDP, albeit with a gradual recovery trajectory following the substantial downturn experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This dataset contains data and analysis from the article Do State Department Travel Warnings Reflect Real Danger?

Key findings

• On the whole, there is a significant relationship between the number of American deaths abroad per capita and the number of travel warnings a country receives
• Mexico, Mali, and Israel have been targeted by the most travel warnings in recent years, but Americans are more likely to be killed in Thailand, Pakistan, and the Philippines
• Several countries with relatively high rates of American death have not been issued a single travel warning in ~7 years, including Belize, Guyana, and Guatemala
• Several countries with relatively low rates of American death have been issued a relatively high number of travel warnings in ~7 years, including Israel, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia
• Overall, countries subject to travel warnings do not see notable declines in American visitors in the 6 months after a warning is issued

Data sources

• BTSOriginUS_10_09_to_06_16.csv Air Carrier Statistics Database export, Bureau of Transportation Statistics
• SDamerican_deaths_abroad_10_09_to_06_16.csv U.S. State Department
• SDwarnings_10_09to06_16.csv U.S. State Department via Internet Archive

Charts / data visualizations

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This data asset contains the data from the survey carried out in Mexico as part of the Juntos para la Prevención de la Violencia Performance Evaluation conducted by the Center on Conflict and Development at Texas A&M University. We surveyed a population that is representative at the urban national level for ages 16 to 29 (n = 1,539). Our sampling design ensures that our sample is not only representative across common sociodemographic categories (e.g., education and income), but also by level of violence. To do so, we consider three variables that capture levels of violence at the municipal level: homicide rate, reported nonhomicidal crime, and perceived level of violence. Homicide rates are considered more accurate official statistics compared to nonhomicidal crimes, as they are often reported more often by the general population and are typically recorded more accurately because they are definitionally specific and typically go through the health system (UNODC 2019). However, this measure does not capture the full reality of insecurity. For this reason, we also include measures generated from Mexico’s National Survey of Urban Public Security (ENSU) to capture nonhomicidal violence and insecurity at the municipal level. Given that the ENSU data are not representative at the municipal level, using this survey and the 2015 intercensus, we generate municipal estimates using multilevel regression and poststratification (MRP). These measures capture the preponderance of nonhomicidal crime (MRP victimization) and perceived community insecurity (MRP insecurity) at the municipal level. With these estimates and homicide rates, we then order municipalities based on level of insecurity and sample via seriation. Our sampling strategy generated a survey sample that is reflective of the ENSU survey in terms of violence level across all three categories. The dataset includes 102 columns and 1,539 rows (corresponding to each respondent). The survey aims to gather information about respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics, victimization, in/security perceptions, protective factors against delinquency, and exposure to and perceptions about gang participation. It also has embedded an original vignette experiment. Experimental vignette studies in survey research use short descriptions of hypothetical scenarios (vignettes) that are usually presented to respondents within surveys in order to elicit how their judgments about such scenarios affect outcomes of interest, often revealing their perceptions, values, or social norms. In our vignette, we randomize the perpetrator’s socioeconomic status and upbringing, the type of criminal involvement (leader vs. gang member), the severity of the crime, and the type of victim to understand how youth attribute blame.

Abstract The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between some dimensions of social capital and the observational incidence of different types of violence in the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey. In this analysis, we use the database of the Social Cohesion Survey for the Prevention of Violence and Delinquency (ECOPRED) as the primary source of information. The research data were analyzed using the statistical technique of the main components to determine the typology of social capital and the different types of violence. Subsequently, a multiple linear regression model was developed. Based on the results, it was shown that three dimensions of social capital, organized social networks, strong interpersonal trust, and high social expectations had a positive effect on the reduction of violence due to cohabitation or gangs, of damages against property, and of minor crimes. In conclusion, having some dimension of social capital is a community strategy to contain violence.

The USAID/Mexico Juntos para la Prevención de la Violencia (JPV) Activity works to support sustainable institutional approaches to prevent crime and violence in Mexico by working to improve government capacity at the federal, state, and municipal level, while also supporting a comprehensive approach to increase multi-sectoral collaboration and strategic partnerships in high crime communities. JPV has operationalized USAID’s Local Systems Framework and developed a Performance Index to assess the Activity’s impact on Local Violence Prevention Systems. The Performance Index is based on the three axes that make up a local prevention system: 1) create knowledge, 2) implement solutions and 3) improve the practice. Data is collected through an online survey. This dataset represents the first measurement, with data collected from January 30th, 2019 to February 17th, 2019.

This database contains data from the Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System. Includes data by state, from 2015 to 2022 by month on different types of violence: homicide, femicide, total crimes against life and bodily integrity, among others. In the Excel sheet, legend is the explanation of the other sheets, by variable. The division of the years is in the sheets 2015-2021, the data are divided by years, and in the final sheet there are the data for the time series.

This study analyzes whether femicide in Mexico has increased more severely than other life and bodily integrity crimes (e.g., homicide, culpable homicide, injuries, malicious injuries, abortion, and other crimes that threaten life). To achieve this, the Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System database was cleaned and the number of femicides per 100,000 inhabitants was calculated, for the period from January 2016 to March 2022 in all states of Mexico. Through descriptive statistics, non-parametric analysis of means, and hypothesis tests, we demonstrate that the states with the highest number of femicides are the Estado de Mexico (State of Mexico), Ciudad de Mexico (Mexico City), and Veracruz; moreover, the number of femicides exhibits a growing trend while the total number of life and bodily integrity crimes does not. Finally, we forecast the number of femicides for the next five months. To our knowledge, there is no other article that analyzes the growth trend of femicide compared to other crimes. Visualizing and understanding that femicide is on the rise compared with other types of crimes can help the government and legislators generate policies that are consistent with the magnitude of the problem.

Descriptive statistics of monthly registered Life and bodily integrity crimes in Mexico per state and year.

In 2023, the state with the highest crime rate in the United States per 100,000 inhabitants was New Mexico. That year, the crime rate was ******** crimes per 100,000 people. In comparison, New Hampshire had the lowest crime rate at ****** crimes per 100,000 people. Crime rate The crime rate in the United States has generally decreased over time. There are several factors attributed to the decrease in the crime rate across the United States. An increase in the number of police officers and an increase in income are some of the reasons for a decrease in the crime rate. Unfortunately, people of color have been disproportionately affected by crime rates, as they are more likely to be arrested for a crime versus a white person. Crime rates regionally The District of Columbia had the highest rate of reported violent crimes in the United States in 2023 per 100,000 inhabitants. The most common crime clearance type in metropolitan counties in the United States in 2020 was murder and non-negligent manslaughter. The second most dangerous city in the country in 2020 was Detroit. Detroit has faced severe levels of economic and demographic declines in the past years. Not only has the population decreased, the city has filed for bankruptcy. Despite the median household income increasing, the city still struggles financially.

This study analyzes whether femicide in Mexico has increased more severely than other life and bodily integrity crimes (e.g., homicide, culpable homicide, injuries, malicious injuries, abortion, and other crimes that threaten life). To achieve this, the Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System database was cleaned and the number of femicides per 100,000 inhabitants was calculated, for the period from January 2016 to March 2022 in all states of Mexico. Through descriptive statistics, non-parametric analysis of means, and hypothesis tests, we demonstrate that the states with the highest number of femicides are the Estado de Mexico (State of Mexico), Ciudad de Mexico (Mexico City), and Veracruz; moreover, the number of femicides exhibits a growing trend while the total number of life and bodily integrity crimes does not. Finally, we forecast the number of femicides for the next five months. To our knowledge, there is no other article that analyzes the growth trend of femicide compared to other crimes. Visualizing and understanding that femicide is on the rise compared with other types of crimes can help the government and legislators generate policies that are consistent with the magnitude of the problem.