The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the largest of the domestic nutrition assistance programs administered by the Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). SNAP provides millions of Americans with the means to purchase food for a nutritious diet. During fiscal year (FY) 2021, SNAP served an average of 41.6 million people monthly and paid out $108 billion in benefits, including emergency allotments to supplement SNAP benefits during the COVID-19 public health emergency.The characteristics of SNAP participants and households and the size of the SNAP caseload change over time in response to changes in program rules as well as economic and demographic trends. To quantify these changes or estimate the effect of adjustments to program rules on the current SNAP caseload, FNS relies on data from the SNAP Quality Control (QC) Database. This database is an edited version of the raw data file of monthly case reviews that are conducted by State SNAP agencies to assess the accuracy of eligibility determinations and benefit calculations for their SNAP caseloads. These data cover the last three months of FY 2021.

This public dataset published by USDA summarizes the total number of enrollees in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) by region. SNAP provides nutrition benefits to supplement the food budget of families and persons meeting eligibility criteria related to monthly income. Program enrollment data offers a direct look into some of the most important underlying social determinants of health (SDoH) by county, including financial insecurity and food insecurity. Analysis of this data can also provide information about the characteristics of the subsidy program’s reach and market penetration over time. As an objective marker of the welfare benefit program’s utilization, these data also offer a complementary view of these SDoH alongside the survey-based questions about SNAP that are included in the ACS dataset. States report these administrative data to the USDA twice a year. The dataset includes total count of people, households and issuance of SNAP benefits by county or county/program. For more information, please refer to the USDA’s SNAP website (link )

The Program Access Index (PAI) is one of the measures FNS uses to reward states for high performance in the administration of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). Performance awards were authorized by the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (also known as the 2002 Farm Bill). The PAI is designed to indicate the degree to which low-income people have access to SNAP benefits. The purpose of this step-by-step guide is to describe the calculation of the Program Access Index (PAI) in detail. It includes all of the data, adjustments, and calculations used in determining the PAI for every state.

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) program that helps low-income families and individuals buy healthy food. In Michigan, SNAP benefits are available through the Food Assistance Program (FAP), which is administered by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) and through MI Bridges. Participants in the program receive SNAP funds on an Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) card known as the "Michigan Bridge card", which works like a debit card. SNAP funds can be used to purchase nutritious fruit, vegetables, meat, dairy, bread and other products from participating retailers. Many different types of retailers accept the MI Bridges card, including grocery stores, convenience stores, farmers' markets, and more. Please see the MDHHS Food Assistance webpage or log into MI Bridges to learn about eligibility and to apply for the program.This SNAP Retailer dataset includes records from the USDA SNAP Retailer Location dataset that have geographical latitude and longitude coordinates located within the City of Detroit Boundary. A few retailers located outside of Detroit may be included in this dataset if the latitude and longitudinal coordinates provided in the USDA dataset fall within the City of Detroit Boundary. The data is updated every 2 weeks. Each record in the dataset contains data about a retail location, including the retailer's name, address, and whether they participate in the SNAP Healthy Incentive program. Retailer Type definitions are available from the USDA SNAP Store Type Definitions webpage and include convenience stores, farmers and markets, grocery stores, specialty stores, super stores, supermarkets, and restaurant meals programs. Information about the federal program and data is available from the USDA/FNS at the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) website and the SNAP Retailer Data webpage.

The U.S. Census Bureau provides annual estimates of income and poverty statistics for all school districts, counties, and states through the Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/saipe/about.html) (SAIPE) program. The bureau's main objective with this program is to provide estimates of income and poverty for the administration of federal programs and the allocation of federal funds to local jurisdictions. In addition to these federal programs, state and local programs use the income and poverty estimates for distributing funds and managing programs.

SNAP benefits are one of the data sources used in producing SAIPE program estimates. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the name for what was formerly known as the federal Food Stamp Program, as of October 1, 2008. The SNAP benefits data represent the number of participants in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program for each county, state, and the District of Columbia from 1981 to the latest available year.

See more details about SAIPE Model Input Data (https://www.census.gov/data/datasets/time-series/demo/saipe/model-tables.html).

This report describes the dynamics of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation from 2008-2012. It describe individuals’ patterns of SNAP participation and analyze which factors were associated with their decisions to enter or exit the program. It uses data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Survey of Income and Program Participation covering the period from 2008 to 2012.

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) offers nutrition assistance to millions of eligible, low-income individuals and families and provides economic benefits to communities. SNAP is the largest program in the domestic hunger safety net. The Food and Nutrition Service works with State agencies, nutrition educators, and neighborhood and faith-based organizations to ensure that those eligible for nutrition assistance can make informed decisions about applying for the program and can access benefits. FNS also works with State partners and the retail community to improve program administration and ensure program integrity. Data collected as of July, 2013.

This report – part of an annual series – presents estimates of the percentage of eligible persons, by State, who participated in the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) during an average month in fiscal year (FY) 2014 and in the two previous fiscal years. This report also presents estimates of State participation rates for eligible “working poor” individuals (persons in households with earnings) over the same period.

This report provides information at the state and town level of people served by the Connecticut Department of Social Services for the Calendar Years 2012-2024 by demographics (gender, age-groups, race, and ethnicity) at the state and town level by Medical Benefit Plan (Husky A-D, Husky limited benefit, MSP and Other Medical); Assistance Type (Cash, Food, Medical, Other); and Program (CADAP, CHCPE, CHIP, ConnTRANS, Medicaid, Medical, MSP, Refugee Cash, Repatriation, SAGA, SAGA Funeral, SNAP, Social Work Services, State Funded Medical, State Supplement, TFA). NOTE: On March 2020, Connecticut opted to add a new Medicaid coverage group: the COVID-19 Testing Coverage for the Uninsured. Enrollment data on this limited-benefit Medicaid coverage group is being incorporated into Medicaid data effective January 1, 2021. Enrollment data for this coverage group prior to January 1, 2021, was listed under State Funded Medical. Effective January 1, 2021, this coverage group have been separated: (1) the COVID-19 Testing Coverage for the Uninsured is now G06-I and is now listed as a limited benefit plan that rolls up into “Program Name” of Medicaid and “Medical Benefit Plan” of HUSKY Limited Benefit; (2) the emergency medical coverage has been separated into G06-II as a limited benefit plan that rolls up into “Program Name” of Emergency Medical and “Medical Benefit Plan” of Other Medical. NOTE: On April 22, 2019 the methodology for determining HUSKY A Newborn recipients changed, which caused an increase of recipients for that benefit starting in October 2016. We now count recipients recorded in the ImpaCT system as well as in the HIX system for that assistance type, instead using HIX exclusively. Also, the methodology for determining the address of the recipients has changed: 1. The address of a recipient in the ImpaCT system is now correctly determined specific to that month instead of using the address of the most recent month. This resulted in some shuffling of the recipients among townships starting in October 2016. 2. If, in a given month, a recipient has benefit records in both the HIX system and in the ImpaCT system, the address of the recipient is now calculated as follows to resolve conflicts: Use the residential address in ImpaCT if it exists, else use the mailing address in ImpaCT if it exists, else use the address in HIX. This change in methodology causes a reduction in counts for most townships starting in March 2017 because a single address is now used instead of two when the systems do not agree. NOTE: On February 14 2019, the enrollment counts for 2012-2015 across all programs were updated to account for an error in the data integration process. As a result, the count of the number of people served increased by 13% for 2012, 10% for 2013, 8% for 2014 and 4% for 2015. Counts for 2016, 2017 and 2018 remain unchanged.

Broad-based categorical eligibility (BBCE) is a policy that makes most households categorically eligible for SNAP because they qualify for a non-cash Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) or State maintenance of effort (MOE) funded benefit. The chart below shows which States implemented BBCE, the programs that confer BBCE, the asset limit of the TANF/MOE program, and the gross income limit of the TANF/MOE program. BBCE cannot limit eligibility. Households with seniors or disabled members that are not eligible for the program that confers categorical eligibility may apply for and receive SNAP under regular SNAP rules. Under regular program rules, households with elderly or disabled members do not need to meet the gross income limit, but must meet the net income limit.

A listing of retailers in Conneticut authorized to accept SNAP EBT benefits. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as Food Stamps, helps eligible individuals and families afford the cost of food at supermarkets, grocery stores and farmers’ markets.

This report – part of an annual series – presents estimates of the percentage of eligible persons, by State, who participated in the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) during an average month in fiscal year (FY) 2014 and in the two previous fiscal years. This report also presents estimates of State participation rates for eligible “working poor” individuals (persons in households with earnings) over the same period.

Information detailing the enrollment approval process of individuals or organizations which seek services or offerings from FSA agriculture programs. This information can also include the awarding of solicitations as issued from the FSA.

In 2008, a group of uninsured low-income adults in Oregon was selected by lottery to be given the chance to apply for Medicaid. This lottery provides an opportunity to gauge the effects of expanding access to public health insurance on the health care use, financial strain, and health of low-income adults using a randomized controlled design. The Oregon Health Insurance Experiment follows and compares those selected in the lottery (treatment group) with those not selected (control group). The data collected and provided here include data from in-person interviews, three mail surveys, emergency department records, and administrative records on Medicaid enrollment, the initial lottery sign-up list, welfare benefits, and mortality. This data collection has seven data files: Dataset 1 contains administrative data on the lottery from the state of Oregon. These data include demographic characteristics that were recorded when individuals signed up for the lottery, date of lottery draw, and information on who was selected for the lottery, applied for the lotteried Medicaid plan if selected, and whose application for the lotteried plan was approved. Also included are Oregon mortality data for 2008 and 2009. Dataset 2 contains information from the state of Oregon on the individuals' participation in Medicaid, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), and Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF). Datasets 3-5 contain the data from the initial, six month, and 12 month mail surveys, respectively. Topics covered by the surveys include demographic characteristics; health insurance, access to health care and health care utilization; health care needs, experiences, and costs; overall health status and changes in health; and depression and medical conditions and use of medications to treat them. Dataset 6 contains an analysis subset of the variables from the in-person interviews. Topics covered by the survey questionnaire include overall health, health insurance coverage, health care access, health care utilization, conditions and treatments, health behaviors, medical and dental costs, and demographic characteristics. The interviewers also obtained blood pressure and anthropometric measurements and collected dried blood spots to measure levels of cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin and C-reactive protein. Dataset 7 contains an analysis subset of the variables the study obtained for all emergency department (ED) visits to twelve hospitals in the Portland area during 2007-2009. These variables capture total hospital costs, ED costs, and the number of ED visits categorized by time of the visit (daytime weekday or nighttime and weekends), necessity of the visit (emergent, ED care needed, non-preventable; emergent, ED care needed, preventable; emergent, primary care treatable), ambulatory case sensitive status, whether or not the patient was hospitalized, and the reason for the visit (e.g., injury, abdominal pain, chest pain, headache, and mental disorders). The collection also includes a ZIP archive (Dataset 8) with Stata programs that replicate analyses reported in three articles by the principal investigators and others: Finkelstein, Amy et al "The Oregon Health Insurance Experiment: Evidence from the First Year". The Quarterly Journal of Economics. August 2012. Vol 127(3). Baicker, Katherine et al "The Oregon Experiment - Effects of Medicaid on Clinical Outcomes". New England Journal of Medicine. 2 May 2013. Vol 368(18). Taubman, Sarah et al "Medicaid Increases Emergency Department Use: Evidence from Oregon's Health Insurance Experiment". Science. 2 Jan 2014.

Information detailing the post enrollment eligibility determination processing of individuals and organizations who have enrolled for FSA administered agriculture program offerings and services.

Information detailing the enrollment of individuals and/or organizations into FSA offered agriculture program offerings.

Number of active recipients who received benefits under a medical benefit plan in that calendar year and month. A recipient may have received benefits from multiple plans in the same month; if so that recipient will be included in multiple categories in this dataset (counted more than once.) 2019 is a partial year. For privacy considerations, a count of zero is used for counts less than five. NOTE: On April 22, 2019 the methodology for determining HUSKY A Newborn recipients changed, which caused an increase of recipients for that benefit starting in October 2016. We now count recipients recorded in the ImpaCT system as well as in the HIX system for that assistance type, instead using HIX exclusively. Also, corrections in the ImpaCT system for January and February 2019 caused the addition of around 2000 and 3000 recipients respectively, and the counts for many types of assistance (e.g. SNAP) were adjusted upward for those 2 months. Also, the methodology for determining the address of the recipients changed: 1. The address of a recipient in the ImpaCT system is now correctly determined specific to that month instead of using the address of the most recent month. This resulted in some shuffling of the recipients among townships starting in October 2016. 2. If, in a given month, a recipient has benefit records in both the HIX system and in the ImpaCT system, the address of the recipient is now calculated as follows to resolve conflicts: Use the residential address in ImpaCT if it exists, else use the mailing address in ImpaCT if it exists, else use the address in HIX. This resulted in a reduction in counts for most townships starting in March 2017 because a single address is now used instead of two when the systems do not agree.
NOTE: On February 14 2019, the enrollment counts for 2012-2015 across all programs were updated to account for an error in the data integration process. As a result, the count of the number of people served increased by 13% for 2012, 10% for 2013, 8% for 2014 and 4% for 2015. Counts for 2016, 2017 and 2018 remain unchanged. NOTE: On 11/30/2018 the counts were revised because of a change in the way active recipients were counted in one source system.

The Women, Infants and Children (WIC) Program is a federally-funded health and nutrition program that provides assistance to pregnant women, new mothers, infants and children under age five. WIC helps California families by providing food benefits to individual participants based on their nutritional need and risk assessment. The food benefits can be used to purchase healthy supplemental foods from about 4,000 WIC authorized vendor stores throughout the State. WIC also provides nutritional education, breastfeeding support, healthcare referrals and other community services. Participants must meet income guidelines and other criteria. Currently, 84 WIC agencies provide services monthly to approximately one million participants at over 500 sites in local communities throughout the State.

Prior to June 2019, WIC issued paper food instruments (FIs) to individual participants for purchasing supplemental, nutritious foods. Beginning in June 2019, California WIC began transitioning to a new food delivery system, replacing the FI delivery system with the Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) system. California WIC completed this transition in March 2020. With the previous FI delivery system, participants were issued three or four paper FIs per month listing the foods that could be redeemed at authorized vendor stores. In order to take full advantage of their benefits in the FI delivery system, participants had to purchase all of the foods listed on a FI in a single transaction or lose that benefit. In contrast, in the EBT system a family’s benefits are combined and uploaded to one EBT card. Participants can use this card to purchase WIC foods as needed through the benefit expiry date without having to purchase foods that they don’t need yet and without risking losing their benefits.

The data files provided contain monthly and annual redemption information from the FI delivery system and the EBT system by the county in which WIC participants redeemed their food benefits. Because FIs are issued and redeemed at the participant level, the FI redemption data are presented with aggregation at the participant level (e.g., participant category). However, because EBT redemptions only occur at the family level, EBT data can only be presented with aggregation at the family level. Therefore, we provide two types of aggregated data:

1. WIC Redemption by Vendor County by Participant Category contains the number of FIs redeemed, the dollar amount of FIs redeemed, and the count of unique individual participants, from 2010 to 2018. This data is no longer available beyond 2018 due to transitioning from the FI delivery system to the EBT system.

2. WIC Redemption by Vendor County with Family Counts contains data from before and after the EBT transition period (i.e., 2010 – present), and provides the count of unique families instead of participants. It comprises three parts:

   • Part A contains only FI redemption data from 2010 to 2018;
   • Part B contains both the FI redemption data and the EBT redemption data for the EBT transition period that occurred in 2019 and 2020;
   • Part C contains only EBT redemption data for 2021 and forward.

The dollar amount of redemptions and the number of families redeeming benefits are expected to vary from month to month. Many of these monthly variations can be attributed to the number of days and holidays in a month. Additionally, in June 2021 the federal government approved a Cash Value Benefits (CVB) expansion, which resulted in a large increase in monthly EBT redemption amounts. The initial CVB expansion was implemented in California from June 2021 to September 2021 and provided $35 per month for all non-infant participants, increased from $9 - $11. The CVB expansion was subsequently extended several times. Effective October 1, 2023, CVB was set at new inflation-adjusted amounts where pregnant and postpartum individuals receive $47 per month, breastfeeding individuals receive $52 per month, individuals breastfeeding more than one infant receive $78 per month, and children ages 1-5 received $26 per month.

To ensure WIC participant and vendor anonymity, the redemption data has been suppressed when number of WIC vendors were less than 3 or number of redeemed participants or families were less than 11. The suppressed cells are annotated as “–“.

Number of active recipients who received benefits of a certain assistance type in that calendar year and month. A recipient may have received benefits of multiple types in the same month; if so that recipient will be included in multiple categories in this dataset (counted more than once.) 2019 is a partial year. For privacy considerations, a count of zero is used for counts less than five. NOTE: On April 22, 2019 the methodology for determining HUSKY A Newborn recipients changed, which caused an increase of recipients for that benefit starting in October 2016. We now count recipients recorded in the ImpaCT system as well as in the HIX system for that assistance type, instead using HIX exclusively. Also, corrections in the ImpaCT system for January and February 2019 caused the addition of around 2000 and 3000 recipients respectively, and the counts for many types of assistance (e.g. SNAP) were adjusted upward for those 2 months. Also, the methodology for determining the address of the recipients changed: 1. The address of a recipient in the ImpaCT system is now correctly determined specific to that month instead of using the address of the most recent month. This resulted in some shuffling of the recipients among townships starting in October 2016. 2. If, in a given month, a recipient has benefit records in both the HIX system and in the ImpaCT system, the address of the recipient is now calculated as follows to resolve conflicts: Use the residential address in ImpaCT if it exists, else use the mailing address in ImpaCT if it exists, else use the address in HIX. This resulted in a reduction in counts for most townships starting in March 2017 because a single address is now used instead of two when the systems do not agree. NOTE: On February 14 2019, the enrollment counts for 2012-2015 across all programs were updated to account for an error in the data integration process. As a result, the count of the number of people served increased by 13% for 2012, 10% for 2013, 8% for 2014 and 4% for 2015. Counts for 2016, 2017 and 2018 remain unchanged. NOTE: On 11/30/2018 the counts were revised because of a change in the way active recipients were counted in one source system.