This dataset includes the ethnicity of eligible individuals who selected and enrolled in a Covered California Qualified Health Plan (QHP) and identified their ethnicity as Hispanic with the ethnic origin as Mexican/Mexican American/Chicano, Other, Mixed, Puerto Rican, or Cuban, Hispanic with ethnic origin not reported, not Hispanic, or ethnicity not reported, by reporting period. Covered California reported data is from the California Healthcare Eligibility, Enrollment and Retention System (CalHEERS) and includes those who selected and enrolled in a QHP, and paid their first premium. This dataset is part of public reporting requirements set forth by the California Welfare and Institutions Code 14102.5.

This dataset includes the race of eligible individuals who selected and enrolled in a Covered California Qualified Health Plan (QHP) and identified their race as American Indian and/or Alaska Native, Asian Indian, Black or African American, Chinese, Filipino, Guamanian or Chamorro, Japanese, Korean, Mixed Race, Native Hawaiian, Other, Other Asian, Other Pacific Islander, Samoan, Vietnamese, or White, by reporting period. Covered California reported data is from the California Healthcare Eligibility, Enrollment and Retention System (CalHEERS) and includes those who selected and enrolled in a QHP, and paid their first premium. This dataset is part of public reporting requirements set forth by the California Welfare and Institutions Code 14102.5.

This dataset includes race/ethnicity of newly Medi-Cal eligible individuals who identified their race/ethnicity as Hispanic, White, Other Asian or Pacific Islander, Black, Chinese, Filipino, Vietnamese, Asian Indian, Korean, Alaskan Native or American Indian, Japanese, Cambodian, Samoan, Laotian, Hawaiian, Guamanian, Amerasian, or Other, by reporting period. The race/ethnicity data is from the Medi-Cal Eligibility Data System (MEDS) and includes eligible individuals without prior Medi-Cal Eligibility. This dataset is part of the public reporting requirements set forth in California Welfare and Institutions Code 14102.5.

While the United States has long supported basic needs of residents through social welfare programs, policies supporting affordable transportation for lower income individuals have been much more limited. Federal support for transportation includes subsidies to transit agencies and requirements to offer discounted fares to certain groups such as seniors and riders with disabilities, but income-qualified discounts are not required. This study explores opportunities for improving access to transportation affordable programs by gathering insights from existing income-qualified transportation benefits. Researchers compare examples of these programs to design features of existing non-transportation benefits to characterize opportunities for increased coordination and standardization. Finally, as the U.S. has seen an increase in recent years of Universal Basic Mobility (UBM) pilots that provide flexible transportation funds, the study incorporates insights from UBM evaluations to understand how UBM design features may be useful to agencies who are pursuing transportation affordable discounts and subsidies. The results suggest that there is significant potential for income-qualified transportation program enrollment both for agencies that do not currently offer these benefits and for agencies that already offer them, and that inter-organizational coordination among stakeholders may be essential in implementing successful transportation affordable discounts or subsidies. Additionally, the structure of income-qualified transportation benefits may vary depending on agency resources. Finally, with transportation equity as growing priority for California and its transit agencies, program administrators may opt for programs with easy access and enrollment rather than those that create barriers to participation through strenuous application and verification procedures. Methods Products of Research This study involved collecting data from a variety of publicly available sources including the National Transit Database, U.S. Census and American Community Survey Data, and transit agency websites. This study also involved collecting qualitative data through interviews with transit agency and state agency staff to gather information about transit discount and public benefits programs. Data Format and Content The data submitted for this study are contained in a comma-separated values spreadsheet which contains tables of transit agency data and fare and discount data as described above. To protect the identity of individuals interviewed for this study, interview transcripts are not included in the data repository, but the repository does contain a document listing the specific interview questions used. Data Access and Sharing Describe how the general public can access the data or if there are limitations to accessing the data. Include the DOI for the dataset, if applicable. Reuse and Redistribution The data submitted for this study are from publicly available sources including the National Transit Database, U.S. Census and American Community Survey, and transit agency websites. Data may be used and redistributed in accordance with any use guidelines associated with those sources.