As of March 17, 2022, the highest number of approximately 1.2 million patients with coronavirus (COVID-19) were confirmed in Tokyo Prefecture in Japan, followed by Osaka Prefecture with about 747.9 thousand people. On that day, all prefectures out of 47 reported new infection cases.

 Tokyo and Kanagawa  The first coronavirus case in Japan was confirmed on January 16, 2020, in Kanagawa prefecture. Part of the Greater Tokyo Area, Kanagawa is the country’s second-most populous prefecture with more than nine million inhabitants. A few days after the first case in Kanagawa, Japan’s second case was reported in Tokyo. Kanagawa and Tokyo, along with Osaka, and four other prefectures, were the first to be placed under a state of emergency by then prime minister Shinzo Abe in April 2020. From the outbreak of COVID-19 until March 2022, the state of emergency was announced four times for Tokyo and three times for Kanagawa Prefecture.

 Osaka Osaka prefecture reported its first case of COVID-19 on January 29, 2020. The prefecture is the center of Japan’s second-most populated urban region, the Keihanshin metropolitan area, which includes Kyoto and Hyogo prefectures. The virus continued to spread in Osaka with the acceleration of new infection cases per day recorded in January, April to May, July to September in 2021, and January and onwards in 2022.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated facts and figure page. 

In 2024, over 20,300 people in Japan died of suicide. The overall number of suicides decreased after the unexpected upward trend, likely connected to the COVID-19 pandemic. Why Japanese men are more likely to die by suicide  When looking at suicide numbers by gender, Japanese men are more likely to commit suicide compared to women. Attitudes on traditional gender roles in Japan may have shifted in recent decades, but social change has since been slow. Men are still expected to focus on their careers and provide for the family. Hence, economic slumps are typically reflected in rising suicide figures among men, as failure to fulfill social expectations can lead to mental health issues, which in turn might trigger suicidal thoughts. As an example, the suicide figures increased only for men in 2009 as a result of the global banking crisis. Suicide resulting from work-related issues is also more common among men than among women. Stress and pressure at work pose health risks It has been determined over the past few decades that one of the primary issues facing Japanese workers that leads to self-harm is exhaustion. Occupational sudden mortality, known as "karoshi (death by overwork)" is a well-known phenomenon in Japanese society. Besides physical pressure, mental stress from the employment may cause karoshi. Suicide due to occupational stress or overwork is called "karojisatsu (overwork suicide)" in Japan.

This line chart displays deaths (people) by date using the aggregation sum in Japan. The data is about diseases per day.

This dataset displays data from the 2005 Census of Japan. It displays data on Institutional Households and Household Members throughout prefectures in Japan. This dataset specifically deals with Inpatients of Hospitals. This data comes from Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication's Statistics Bureau.

This horizontal bar chart displays deaths (people) by disease using the aggregation sum in Japan. The data is about diseases per day.

Techsalerator offers an extensive dataset of End-of-Day Pricing Data for all 4 companies listed on the Nagoya Stock Exchange (XNGO) in Japan. This dataset includes the closing prices of equities (stocks), bonds, and indices at the end of each trading session. End-of-day prices are vital pieces of market data that are widely used by investors, traders, and financial institutions to monitor the performance and value of these assets over time.

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Top 5 used data fields in the End-of-Day Pricing Dataset for Japan:

1. Equity Closing Price :The closing price of individual company stocks at the end of the trading day.This field provides insights into the final price at which market participants were willing to buy or sell shares of a specific company.

2. Bond Closing Price: The closing price of various fixed-income securities, including government bonds, corporate bonds, and municipal bonds. Bond investors use this field to assess the current market value of their bond holdings.

3. Index Closing Price: The closing value of market indices, such as the Botswana stock market index, at the end of the trading day. These indices track the overall market performance and direction.

4. Equity Ticker Symbol: The unique symbol used to identify individual company stocks. Ticker symbols facilitate efficient trading and data retrieval.

5. Date of Closing Price: The specific trading day for which the closing price is provided. This date is essential for historical analysis and trend monitoring.

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Top 5 financial instruments with End-of-Day Pricing Data in Japan:

Nikkei 225: The main index that tracks the performance of major companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. This index provides an overview of the overall market performance in Japan.

TOPIX: The index that tracks the performance of all domestic companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. This index reflects the performance of a broader range of companies in the Japanese market.

Company A: A prominent Japanese company with diversified operations across various sectors, such as automotive, electronics, or manufacturing. This company's stock is widely traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange.

Company B: A leading financial institution in Japan, offering banking, insurance, or investment services. This company's stock is actively traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange.

Company C: A major player in the Japanese consumer goods sector or other industries, involved in the production and distribution of consumer products. This company's stock is listed and actively traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange.

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If you're interested in accessing Techsalerator's End-of-Day Pricing Data for Japan, please contact info@techsalerator.com with your specific requirements. Techsalerator will provide you with a customized quote based on the number of data fields and records you need. The dataset can be delivered within 24 hours, and ongoing access options can be discussed if needed.

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Data fields included:

Equity Ticker Symbol Equity Closing Price Bond Ticker Symbol Bond Closing Price Index Ticker Symbol Index Closing Price Date of Closing Price Equity Name Equity Volume Equity High Price Equity Low Price Equity Open Price Bond Name Bond Coupon Rate Bond Maturity Index Name Index Change Index Percent Change Exchange Currency Total Market Capitalization Dividend Yield Price-to-Earnings Ratio (P/E) ‍

Q&A:

1. How much does the End-of-Day Pricing Data cost in Japan ?

The cost of this dataset may vary depending on factors such as the number of data fields, the frequency of updates, and the total records count. For precise pricing details, it is recommended to directly consult with a Techsalerator Data specialist.

1. How complete is the End-of-Day Pricing Data coverage in Japan?

Techsalerator provides comprehensive coverage of End-of-Day Pricing Data for various financial instruments, including equities, bonds, and indices. Thedataset encompasses major companies and securities traded on Japan exchanges.

1. How does Techsalerator collect this data?

Techsalerator collects End-of-Day Pricing Data from reliable sources, including stock exchanges, financial news outlets, and other market data providers. Data is carefully curated to ensure accuracy and reliability.

1. Can I select specific financial instruments or multiple countries with Techsalerator's End-of-Day Pricing Data?

Techsalerator offers the flexibility to select specific financial instruments, such as equities, bonds, or indices, depending on your needs. While the dataset focuses on Botswana, Techsalerator also provides data for other countries and international markets.

1. How do I pay for this dataset?

Techsalerator accepts various payment methods, including credit cards, direct transfers, ACH, and wire transfers, facilitating a convenient and secure payment process.

1. How do I receive...

This dataset displays data from the 2005 Census of Japan. It displays data on Private Households throughout prefectures in Japan. This dataset specifically deals with number of Rented Households Issued Housing, Number of Rented Households Issued Housing Members, Average number of Members per Rented Households Issued Housing, Area of Floor Space per Household of Rented Households Issued Housing, and Area of Floor Space per Person of Rented Households Issued Housing. This data comes from Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication's Statistics Bureau.

This dataset displays data from the 2005 Census of Japan. It displays data on Private Households throughout prefectures in Japan. This dataset specifically deals with number of Private Households owned households, Number of Private Household owned households Members, Average number of Members per Private Household owned households, Area of Floor Space per Household of Private households owned households, and Area of Floor Space per Person of Private households owned households. This data comes from Japan's Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication's Statistics Bureau.

The distribution of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases in Japan as of March 16, 2022, showed that the highest number of patients were aged 20 to 29 years old, with a total of over one million cases. The highest number of deaths could be seen among the patients aged 80 years and older at about 15.5 thousand cases.

 Shortage of intensive care beds 

With over 1,200 hospital beds per 100,000 inhabitants available in the country, Japan is one of the best-equipped OECD nations regarding the medical sector. However, after the COVID-19 outbreak, country has faced a shortage of hospital beds, especially those required for intensive care. ICU beds only constitute a small share of the overall number of hospital beds in the country compared to European countries like Switzerland and Germany. To combat this problem, the Japanese government implemented financial incentives for hospitals upon acquisition of new intensive care beds. Another factor playing a significant part in the shortage of hospital beds is the comparably high average length of hospital stays, since some bedridden seniors are in long-term care in hospitals, as opposed to being cared for in nursing homes or at home.

Challenges for private hospitals Japan’s over eight thousand hospitals were opened by doctors, leading to the majority of the institutions being privately owned. As many of them are specialized and dependent on outpatient surgeries, COVID-19 patients pose new difficulties, as treating them in a converted ward would hinder day-to-day operations. Acquisition of intensive care beds involves financial and logistical challenges, which smaller private institutions have difficulty meeting, as they are not funded by tax revenues.

For further information about the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, please visit our dedicated facts and figure page.

Graph and download economic data for Infra-Annual Labor Statistics: Working-Age Population Total: From 15 to 64 Years for Japan (LFWA64TTJPM647S) from Jan 1970 to Jul 2025 about working-age, 15 to 64 years, Japan, and population.

Estimates for the total death count of the Second World War generally range somewhere between 70 and 85 million people. The Soviet Union suffered the highest number of fatalities of any single nation, with estimates mostly falling between 22 and 27 million deaths. China then suffered the second greatest, at around 20 million, although these figures are less certain and often overlap with the Chinese Civil War. Over 80 percent of all deaths were of those from Allied countries, and the majority of these were civilians. In contrast, 15 to 20 percent were among the Axis powers, and the majority of these were military deaths, as shown in the death ratios of Germany and Japan. Civilian deaths and atrocities It is believed that 60 to 67 percent of all deaths were civilian fatalities, largely resulting from war-related famine or disease, and war crimes or atrocities. Systematic genocide, extermination campaigns, and forced labor, particularly by the Germans, Japanese, and Soviets, led to the deaths of millions. In this regard, Nazi activities alone resulted in 17 million deaths, including six million Jews in what is now known as The Holocaust. Not only was the scale of the conflict larger than any that had come before, but the nature of and reasoning behind this loss make the Second World War stand out as one of the most devastating and cruelest conflicts in history. Problems with these statistics Although the war is considered by many to be the defining event of the 20th century, exact figures for death tolls have proven impossible to determine, for a variety of reasons. Countries such as the U.S. have fairly consistent estimates due to preserved military records and comparatively few civilian casualties, although figures still vary by source. For most of Europe, records are less accurate. Border fluctuations and the upheaval of the interwar period mean that pre-war records were already poor or non-existent for many regions. The rapid and chaotic nature of the war then meant that deaths could not be accurately recorded at the time, and mass displacement or forced relocation resulted in the deaths of many civilians outside of their homeland, which makes country-specific figures more difficult to find. Early estimates of the war’s fatalities were also taken at face value and formed the basis of many historical works; these were often very inaccurate, but the validity of the source means that the figures continue to be cited today, despite contrary evidence.

In comparison to Europe, estimate ranges are often greater across Asia, where populations were larger but pre-war data was in short supply. Many of the Asian countries with high death tolls were European colonies, and the actions of authorities in the metropoles, such as the diversion of resources from Asia to Europe, led to millions of deaths through famine and disease. Additionally, over one million African soldiers were drafted into Europe’s armies during the war, yet individual statistics are unavailable for most of these colonies or successor states (notably Algeria and Libya). Thousands of Asian and African military deaths went unrecorded or are included with European or Japanese figures, and there are no reliable figures for deaths of millions from countries across North Africa or East Asia. Additionally, many concentration camp records were destroyed, and such records in Africa and Asia were even sparser than in Europe. While the Second World War is one of the most studied academic topics of the past century, it is unlikely that we will ever have a clear number for the lives lost in the conflict.

Japan JP: Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity in the Population: % of population data was reported at 0.900 % in 2020. This records an increase from the previous number of 0.700 % for 2019. Japan JP: Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity in the Population: % of population data is updated yearly, averaging 0.600 % from Dec 2015 (Median) to 2020, with 6 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 0.900 % in 2020 and a record low of 0.000 % in 2016. Japan JP: Prevalence of Severe Food Insecurity in the Population: % of population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Japan – Table JP.World Bank.WDI: Social: Health Statistics. The percentage of people in the population who live in households classified as severely food insecure. A household is classified as severely food insecure when at least one adult in the household has reported to have been exposed, at times during the year, to several of the most severe experiences described in the FIES questions, such as to have been forced to reduce the quantity of the food, to have skipped meals, having gone hungry, or having to go for a whole day without eating because of a lack of money or other resources.;Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO);;

By August 1945, U.S. and British Commonwealth forces had pushed the Japanese back through Southeast Asia to the Japanese mainland, while Japanese control in China was weakening each day, and the Soviet Union was rapidly approaching from the west. However, despite inevitable defeat looming over the Empire of Japan, its military leaders encouraged its forces to fight to the death, and Japanese resistance grew in ferocity as they were pushed back to the mainland, most notably on the islands of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. As U.S. leadership realized that an amphibious assault on the Japanese mainland would result in heavy and unnecessary casualties on both sides, including large numbers of civilians, an alternative measure was sought. The USSR's advance also put time pressure on the Americans, as defeating Japan quickly would give the U.S. more time to assert control over the region, without having to split control with the Soviets (as was the case in Germany). The bombs are dropped On May 31, 1945, it was suggested that the U.S. demonstrate the power of the atomic bomb to the Japanese, to convince them to surrender - the plan was rejected, however, in the fear that it was not convincing enough, that the Japanese may shoot down the plane, or that the bomb was a dud - instead, a surprise attack was viewed as the most effective course of action. Following the Trinity Test in July 16, the United States achieved the goal of successfully creating and detonating a nuclear weapon. On July 26, the leaders of the U.S., UK, and China all called for the unconditional surrender of Japan, otherwise Japan would face "prompt and utter destruction". Japan did not surrender, and on the morning of August 6, the Enola Gay B-29 bomber dropped an atomic bomb, known as "Little Boy", over the city of Hiroshima. Japan still refused to surrender, and three days later, another bomb, known as "Fat Man", was dropped over Nagasaki. Japan's surrender was announced on August 15, and formalized on September 2, 1945, bringing WWII to a close. Impact The bomb dropped over Hiroshima was a uranium 235 bomb, which detonated at approximately 580 meters (1,900ft) above the ground and had a yield of 16 kilotons (i.e. it had the same blast force as 16,000 tons of TNT). The bomb dropped over Nagasaki was a plutonium 239 bomb, which detonated at approximately 500 meters (1,650ft) and had a yield of 21 kilotons. The temperatures at the epicenter of the explosions reached around 3,000-4,000 degrees Celsius, and thermal radiation was so strong that it caused third degree burns over a kilometer from ground zero. The majority of those within a one km radius of both explosions were killed instantly through the blast force and intense heat, while those further away were more susceptible to injuries by burning, falling debris and glass, and radiation. Additionally, as the fallout from the blast (i.e. radioactive dust and ash sent into the air by the explosion) returned to the ground it was carried by the wind to populations outside of the blast radius, and radiation sickness then took hold over the days and weeks that followed. Due to the nature of the attack, Japan's population distribution at the time, and the long-term effects of radiation poisoning (which may be responsible for illnesses and death several years after exposure), there is no accepted consensus on the total number of deaths due to the atomic bombings at Hiroshima and Nagasaki -the figures given appear to be on the lower end of estimate ranges, where combined estimates generally vary between 110,000 and 210,000 deaths.

Number of arrivals of Japan plummeted by 87.09% from 31,881,000 number in 2019 to 4,115,800 number in 2020. Since the 8.71% surge in 2018, number of arrivals sank by 86.80% in 2020. International inbound tourists (overnight visitors) are the number of tourists who travel to a country other than that in which they have their usual residence, but outside their usual environment, for a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main purpose in visiting is other than an activity remunerated from within the country visited. When data on number of tourists are not available, the number of visitors, which includes tourists, same-day visitors, cruise passengers, and crew members, is shown instead. Sources and collection methods for arrivals differ across countries. In some cases data are from border statistics (police, immigration, and the like) and supplemented by border surveys. In other cases data are from tourism accommodation establishments. For some countries number of arrivals is limited to arrivals by air and for others to arrivals staying in hotels. Some countries include arrivals of nationals residing abroad while others do not. Caution should thus be used in comparing arrivals across countries. The data on inbound tourists refer to the number of arrivals, not to the number of people traveling. Thus a person who makes several trips to a country during a given period is counted each time as a new arrival.

Minimum Wages in Japan increased to 1054 JPY/Hour in 2024 from 1002 JPY/Hour in 2023. This dataset provides - Japan Minimum Wages- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

All the data for this dataset is provided from CARMA: Data from CARMA (www.carma.org) This dataset provides information about Power Plant emissions in Japan. Power Plant emissions from all power plants in Japan were obtained by CARMA for the past (2000 Annual Report), the present (2007 data), and the future. CARMA determine data presented for the future to reflect planned plant construction, expansion, and retirement. The dataset provides the name, company, parent company, city, state, metro area, lat/lon, and plant id for each individual power plant. Only Power Plants that had a listed longitude and latitude in CARMA's database were mapped. The dataset reports for the three time periods: Intensity: Pounds of CO2 emitted per megawatt-hour of electricity produced. Energy: Annual megawatt-hours of electricity produced. Carbon: Annual carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The units are short or U.S. tons. Multiply by 0.907 to get metric tons. Carbon Monitoring for Action (CARMA) is a massive database containing information on the carbon emissions of over 50,000 power plants and 4,000 power companies worldwide. Power generation accounts for 40% of all carbon emissions in the United States and about one-quarter of global emissions. CARMA is the first global inventory of a major, sector of the economy. The objective of CARMA.org is to equip individuals with the information they need to forge a cleaner, low-carbon future. By providing complete information for both clean and dirty power producers, CARMA hopes to influence the opinions and decisions of consumers, investors, shareholders, managers, workers, activists, and policymakers. CARMA builds on experience with public information disclosure techniques that have proven successful in reducing traditional pollutants. Please see carma.org for more information http://carma.org/region/detail/99

Abstract

The fourth edition of the Global Findex offers a lens into how people accessed and used financial services during the COVID-19 pandemic, when mobility restrictions and health policies drove increased demand for digital services of all kinds.

The Global Findex is the world's most comprehensive database on financial inclusion. It is also the only global demand-side data source allowing for global and regional cross-country analysis to provide a rigorous and multidimensional picture of how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage financial risks. Global Findex 2021 data were collected from national representative surveys of about 128,000 adults in more than 120 economies. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, and 2017 editions, and it includes a number of new series measuring financial health and resilience and contains more granular data on digital payment adoption, including merchant and government payments.

The Global Findex is an indispensable resource for financial service practitioners, policy makers, researchers, and development professionals.

Geographic coverage

For landline random digit dialing, excluded 12 municipalities near the nuclear power plant in Fukushima. These areas were designated as not-to-call districts due to the devastation from the 2011 disasters. The exclusion represents less than 1 percent of the total population of Japan.

Analysis unit

Individual

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

In most developing economies, Global Findex data have traditionally been collected through face-to-face interviews. Surveys are conducted face-to-face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where in-person surveying is the customary methodology. However, because of ongoing COVID-19 related mobility restrictions, face-to-face interviewing was not possible in some of these economies in 2021. Phone-based surveys were therefore conducted in 67 economies that had been surveyed face-to-face in 2017. These 67 economies were selected for inclusion based on population size, phone penetration rate, COVID-19 infection rates, and the feasibility of executing phone-based methods where Gallup would otherwise conduct face-to-face data collection, while complying with all government-issued guidance throughout the interviewing process. Gallup takes both mobile phone and landline ownership into consideration. According to Gallup World Poll 2019 data, when face-to-face surveys were last carried out in these economies, at least 80 percent of adults in almost all of them reported mobile phone ownership. All samples are probability-based and nationally representative of the resident adult population. Phone surveys were not a viable option in 17 economies that had been part of previous Global Findex surveys, however, because of low mobile phone ownership and surveying restrictions. Data for these economies will be collected in 2022 and released in 2023.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used. Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed, and the hand-held survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer's gender.

In traditionally phone-based economies, respondent selection follows the same procedure as in previous years, using random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers. In most economies where mobile phone and landline penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used.

The same respondent selection procedure is applied to the new phone-based economies. Dual frame (landline and mobile phone) random digital dialing is used where landline presence and use are 20 percent or higher based on historical Gallup estimates. Mobile phone random digital dialing is used in economies with limited to no landline presence (less than 20 percent).

For landline respondents in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is 80 percent or higher, random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. For mobile phone respondents in these economies or in economies where mobile phone or landline penetration is less than 80 percent, no further selection is performed. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

Sample size for Japan is 1010.

Mode of data collection

Landline and mobile telephone

Research instrument

Questionnaires are available on the website.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar. 2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the Age of COVID-19. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Abstract

Financial inclusion is critical in reducing poverty and achieving inclusive economic growth. When people can participate in the financial system, they are better able to start and expand businesses, invest in their children’s education, and absorb financial shocks. Yet prior to 2011, little was known about the extent of financial inclusion and the degree to which such groups as the poor, women, and rural residents were excluded from formal financial systems.

By collecting detailed indicators about how adults around the world manage their day-to-day finances, the Global Findex allows policy makers, researchers, businesses, and development practitioners to track how the use of financial services has changed over time. The database can also be used to identify gaps in access to the formal financial system and design policies to expand financial inclusion.

Geographic coverage

Landline random-digit-dial sample excludes 12 municipalities near the nuclear power plant in Fukushima, representing less than 1% of the population.

Analysis unit

Individuals

Universe

The target population is the civilian, non-institutionalized population 15 years and above.

Kind of data

Observation data/ratings [obs]

Sampling procedure

The indicators in the 2017 Global Findex database are drawn from survey data covering almost 150,000 people in 144 economies-representing more than 97 percent of the world’s population (see table A.1 of the Global Findex Database 2017 Report for a list of the economies included). The survey was carried out over the 2017 calendar year by Gallup, Inc., as part of its Gallup World Poll, which since 2005 has annually conducted surveys of approximately 1,000 people in each of more than 160 economies and in over 150 languages, using randomly selected, nationally representative samples. The target population is the entire civilian, noninstitutionalized population age 15 and above. Interview procedure Surveys are conducted face to face in economies where telephone coverage represents less than 80 percent of the population or where this is the customary methodology. In most economies the fieldwork is completed in two to four weeks.

In economies where face-to-face surveys are conducted, the first stage of sampling is the identification of primary sampling units. These units are stratified by population size, geography, or both, and clustering is achieved through one or more stages of sampling. Where population information is available, sample selection is based on probabilities proportional to population size; otherwise, simple random sampling is used. Random route procedures are used to select sampled households. Unless an outright refusal occurs, interviewers make up to three attempts to survey the sampled household. To increase the probability of contact and completion, attempts are made at different times of the day and, where possible, on different days. If an interview cannot be obtained at the initial sampled household, a simple substitution method is used.

Respondents are randomly selected within the selected households. Each eligible household member is listed and the handheld survey device randomly selects the household member to be interviewed. For paper surveys, the Kish grid method is used to select the respondent. In economies where cultural restrictions dictate gender matching, respondents are randomly selected from among all eligible adults of the interviewer’s gender.

In economies where telephone interviewing is employed, random digit dialing or a nationally representative list of phone numbers is used. In most economies where cell phone penetration is high, a dual sampling frame is used. Random selection of respondents is achieved by using either the latest birthday or household enumeration method. At least three attempts are made to reach a person in each household, spread over different days and times of day.

The sample size was 1005.

Mode of data collection

Landline and Cellular Telephone

Research instrument

The questionnaire was designed by the World Bank, in conjunction with a Technical Advisory Board composed of leading academics, practitioners, and policy makers in the field of financial inclusion. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and Gallup Inc. also provided valuable input. The questionnaire was piloted in multiple countries, using focus groups, cognitive interviews, and field testing. The questionnaire is available in more than 140 languages upon request.

Questions on cash on delivery, saving using an informal savings club or person outside the family, domestic remittances, and agricultural payments are only asked in developing economies and few other selected countries. The question on mobile money accounts was only asked in economies that were part of the Mobile Money for the Unbanked (MMU) database of the GSMA at the time the interviews were being held.

Sampling error estimates

Estimates of standard errors (which account for sampling error) vary by country and indicator. For country-specific margins of error, please refer to the Methodology section and corresponding table in Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli, Leora Klapper, Dorothe Singer, Saniya Ansar, and Jake Hess. 2018. The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution. Washington, DC: World Bank

When asked about "Attitudes towards the internet", most Japanese respondents pick "I'm concerned that my data is being misused on the internet" as an answer. 35 percent did so in our online survey in 2025. Looking to gain valuable insights about users of internet providers worldwide? Check out our reports on consumers who use internet providers. These reports give readers a thorough picture of these customers, including their identities, preferences, opinions, and methods of communication.

In 2023, **** cases of incidents involving the discharge of firearms were reported in Japan. Although figures fluctuated from year to year, this continued a general downward trend after the decade-high number of ** gun shooting incidents reported in 2014. ***** people died from gun shooting incidents in 2023. Gun control Gun possession for general citizens in Japan is strictly regulated under the Act for Controlling the Possession of Firearms or Swords and Other Such Weapons enacted in 1958. According to the act, gun possession is only allowed for hunting and shooting sports purposes. The only firearms permitted for ownership are hunting rifles, shotguns, other hunting guns, and air guns. It is required to undergo numerous procedures to obtain a gun permit, such as providing a resume and a medical certificate from a psychiatrist, attending classroom lectures and technical training, and passing exams. Applicants must repeat similar procedures every three years to renew the permit. As of 2023, about ******* guns were owned with licenses among citizens across the country. The number of confiscated weapons in 2023 amounted to *** pistols, ***** hunting guns, and ** air guns. Killing of Shinzo Abe Ex-Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, the longest-serving prime minister in Japanese history, was shot and killed in July 2022. The incident marked the first assassination of a former Japanese prime minister since 1936. The suspect used a homemade gun created with DIY store materials. Following the incident, experts suggest tightening the security system for politicians and regulations for handmade or modified guns.