One in every 100 children dies before completing one year of life. Around 68 percent of infant mortality is attributed to deaths of children before completing 1 month. 15,000 children die every day – Child mortality is an everyday tragedy of enormous scale that rarely makes the headlines Child mortality rates have declined in all world regions, but the world is not on track to reach the Sustainable Development Goal for child mortality Before the Modern Revolution child mortality was very high in all societies that we have knowledge of – a quarter of all children died in the first year of life, almost half died before reaching the end of puberty Over the last two centuries all countries in the world have made very rapid progress against child mortality. From 1800 to 1950 global mortality has halved from around 43% to 22.5%. Since 1950 the mortality rate has declined five-fold to 4.5% in 2015. All countries in the world have benefitted from this progress In the past it was very common for parents to see children die, because both, child mortality rates and fertility rates were very high. In Europe in the mid 18th century parents lost on average between 3 and 4 of their children Based on this overview we are asking where the world is today – where are children dying and what are they dying from?

5.4 million children died in 2017 – Where did these children die? Pneumonia is the most common cause of death, preterm births and neonatal disorders is second, and diarrheal diseases are third – What are children today dying from? This is the basis for answering the question what can we do to make further progress against child mortality? We will extend this entry over the course of 2020.

@article{owidchildmortality, author = {Max Roser, Hannah Ritchie and Bernadeta Dadonaite}, title = {Child and Infant Mortality}, journal = {Our World in Data}, year = {2013}, note = {https://ourworldindata.org/child-mortality} }

This dataset is daily time series data of all the COVID 19 confirmed, recovered and death cases across different nations in the world. It consists of columns:

Date <- From 22/01/2020 to the current date Country/Region <- Countries affected by Covid-19 Province/State <- Specific states in the Country Lat <- Latitude of the Country Long <- Longitude of the Country Confirmed <- Total Number of Confirmed Cases per day Recovered <- Total Number of Recovery Cases per day Deaths <- Total Number of Death Cases per day

Original Data Source <- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/datasets/covid-19/master/data/time-series-19-covid-combined.csv

How many people use social media?

              Social media usage is one of the most popular online activities. In 2024, over five billion people were using social media worldwide, a number projected to increase to over six billion in 2028.

              Who uses social media?
              Social networking is one of the most popular digital activities worldwide and it is no surprise that social networking penetration across all regions is constantly increasing. As of January 2023, the global social media usage rate stood at 59 percent. This figure is anticipated to grow as lesser developed digital markets catch up with other regions
              when it comes to infrastructure development and the availability of cheap mobile devices. In fact, most of social media’s global growth is driven by the increasing usage of mobile devices. Mobile-first market Eastern Asia topped the global ranking of mobile social networking penetration, followed by established digital powerhouses such as the Americas and Northern Europe.

              How much time do people spend on social media?
              Social media is an integral part of daily internet usage. On average, internet users spend 151 minutes per day on social media and messaging apps, an increase of 40 minutes since 2015. On average, internet users in Latin America had the highest average time spent per day on social media.

              What are the most popular social media platforms?
              Market leader Facebook was the first social network to surpass one billion registered accounts and currently boasts approximately 2.9 billion monthly active users, making it the most popular social network worldwide. In June 2023, the top social media apps in the Apple App Store included mobile messaging apps WhatsApp and Telegram Messenger, as well as the ever-popular app version of Facebook.

How much time do people spend on social media?

              As of 2024, the average daily social media usage of internet users worldwide amounted to 143 minutes per day, down from 151 minutes in the previous year. Currently, the country with the most time spent on social media per day is Brazil, with online users spending an average of three hours and 49 minutes on social media each day. In comparison, the daily time spent with social media in
              the U.S. was just two hours and 16 minutes. Global social media usageCurrently, the global social network penetration rate is 62.3 percent. Northern Europe had an 81.7 percent social media penetration rate, topping the ranking of global social media usage by region. Eastern and Middle Africa closed the ranking with 10.1 and 9.6 percent usage reach, respectively.
              People access social media for a variety of reasons. Users like to find funny or entertaining content and enjoy sharing photos and videos with friends, but mainly use social media to stay in touch with current events friends. Global impact of social mediaSocial media has a wide-reaching and significant impact on not only online activities but also offline behavior and life in general.
              During a global online user survey in February 2019, a significant share of respondents stated that social media had increased their access to information, ease of communication, and freedom of expression. On the flip side, respondents also felt that social media had worsened their personal privacy, increased a polarization in politics and heightened everyday distractions.

During a 2024 survey, 77 percent of respondents from Nigeria stated that they used social media as a source of news. In comparison, just 23 percent of Japanese respondents said the same. Large portions of social media users around the world admit that they do not trust social platforms either as media sources or as a way to get news, and yet they continue to access such networks on a daily basis.

              Social media: trust and consumption

              Despite the majority of adults surveyed in each country reporting that they used social networks to keep up to date with news and current affairs, a 2018 study showed that social media is the least trusted news source in the world. Less than 35 percent of adults in Europe considered social networks to be trustworthy in this respect, yet more than 50 percent of adults in Portugal, Poland, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Slovakia and Croatia said that they got their news on social media.

              What is clear is that we live in an era where social media is such an enormous part of daily life that consumers will still use it in spite of their doubts or reservations. Concerns about fake news and propaganda on social media have not stopped billions of users accessing their favorite networks on a daily basis.
              Most Millennials in the United States use social media for news every day, and younger consumers in European countries are much more likely to use social networks for national political news than their older peers.
              Like it or not, reading news on social is fast becoming the norm for younger generations, and this form of news consumption will likely increase further regardless of whether consumers fully trust their chosen network or not.

ERA5 is the fifth generation ECMWF reanalysis for the global climate and weather for the past 8 decades. Data is available from 1940 onwards. ERA5 replaces the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Reanalysis combines model data with observations from across the world into a globally complete and consistent dataset using the laws of physics. This principle, called data assimilation, is based on the method used by numerical weather prediction centres, where every so many hours (12 hours at ECMWF) a previous forecast is combined with newly available observations in an optimal way to produce a new best estimate of the state of the atmosphere, called analysis, from which an updated, improved forecast is issued. Reanalysis works in the same way, but at reduced resolution to allow for the provision of a dataset spanning back several decades. Reanalysis does not have the constraint of issuing timely forecasts, so there is more time to collect observations, and when going further back in time, to allow for the ingestion of improved versions of the original observations, which all benefit the quality of the reanalysis product. ERA5 provides hourly estimates for a large number of atmospheric, ocean-wave and land-surface quantities. An uncertainty estimate is sampled by an underlying 10-member ensemble at three-hourly intervals. Ensemble mean and spread have been pre-computed for convenience. Such uncertainty estimates are closely related to the information content of the available observing system which has evolved considerably over time. They also indicate flow-dependent sensitive areas. To facilitate many climate applications, monthly-mean averages have been pre-calculated too, though monthly means are not available for the ensemble mean and spread. ERA5 is updated daily with a latency of about 5 days (monthly means are available around the 6th of each month). In case that serious flaws are detected in this early release (called ERA5T), this data could be different from the final release 2 to 3 months later. In case that this occurs users are notified. The data set presented here is a regridded subset of the full ERA5 data set on native resolution. It is online on spinning disk, which should ensure fast and easy access. It should satisfy the requirements for most common applications. An overview of all ERA5 datasets can be found in this article. Information on access to ERA5 data on native resolution is provided in these guidelines. Data has been regridded to a regular lat-lon grid of 0.25 degrees for the reanalysis and 0.5 degrees for the uncertainty estimate (0.5 and 1 degree respectively for ocean waves). There are four main sub sets: hourly and monthly products, both on pressure levels (upper air fields) and single levels (atmospheric, ocean-wave and land surface quantities). The present entry is "ERA5 monthly mean data on single levels from 1940 to present".

This data set is a subset of a global river discharge data set by Coe and Olejniczak (1999). The subset was created for the study area of the Large Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia (LBA) in South America (i.e., 10° N to 25° S, 30° to 85° W).

The global river discharge data set (Coe and Olejniczak 1999), formerly known as the "Climate, People, and Environment Program (CPEP) Global River Discharge Database," is a compilation of monthly mean discharge data for more than 2600 sites worldwide. The data were compiled from RivDIS Version 1.1 (Vorosmarty et al. 1998), the U.S. Geological Survey, and the Brazilian National Department of Water and Electrical Energy. The period of record for the sites varies from 3 years to greater than 100.

The purpose of the global compilation is to provide detailed hydrographic information for the climate research community in as general a format as possible. Data are given in units of meters cubed per second (m**3/sec) and are in ASCII format. Data from stations that had less than 3 years of information or that had a basin area less than 5000 square kilometers were excluded from the global data set. Thus, the data sources may include more sites than the data set by Coe and Olejniczak (1999). Users should refer to the data originators for further documentation on the source data.

More information, a map of discharge sites, and a clickable site data table can be found at ftp://daac.ornl.gov/data/lba/surf_hydro_and_water_chem/sage/comp/sagedischarge_readme.pdf.

LBA was a cooperative international research initiative led by Brazil. NASA was a lead sponsor for several experiments. LBA was designed to create the new knowledge needed to understand the climatological, ecological, biogeochemical, and hydrological functioning of Amazonia; the impact of land use change on these functions; and the interactions between Amazonia and the Earth system. Further information about LBA can be found at http://www.daac.ornl.gov/LBA/misc_amazon.html.

Context

Covid-19 Data collected from various sources on the internet. This dataset has daily level information on the number of affected cases, deaths, and recovery from the 2019 novel coronavirus. Please note that this is time-series data and so the number of cases on any given day is the cumulative number.

Content

The dataset includes 28 files scrapped from various data sources mainly the John Hopkins GitHub repository, the ministry of health affairs India, worldometer, and Our World in Data website. The details of the files are as follows

• countries-aggregated.csv A simple and cleaned data with 5 columns with self-explanatory names. -covid-19-daily-tests-vs-daily-new-confirmed-cases-per-million.csv A time-series data of daily test conducted v/s daily new confirmed case per million. Entity column represents Country name while code represents ISO code of the country. -covid-contact-tracing.csv Data depicting government policies adopted in case of contact tracing. 0 -> No tracing, 1-> limited tracing, 2-> Comprehensive tracing. -covid-stringency-index.csv The nine metrics used to calculate the Stringency Index are school closures; workplace closures; cancellation of public events; restrictions on public gatherings; closures of public transport; stay-at-home requirements; public information campaigns; restrictions on internal movements; and international travel controls. The index on any given day is calculated as the mean score of the nine metrics, each taking a value between 0 and 100. A higher score indicates a stricter response (i.e. 100 = strictest response). -covid-vaccination-doses-per-capita.csv A total number of vaccination doses administered per 100 people in the total population. This is counted as a single dose, and may not equal the total number of people vaccinated, depending on the specific dose regime (e.g. people receive multiple doses). -covid-vaccine-willingness-and-people-vaccinated-by-country.csv Survey who have not received a COVID vaccine and who are willing vs. unwilling vs. uncertain if they would get a vaccine this week if it was available to them. -covid_india.csv India specific data containing the total number of active cases, recovered and deaths statewide. -cumulative-deaths-and-cases-covid-19.csv A cumulative data containing death and daily confirmed cases in the world. -current-covid-patients-hospital.csv Time series data containing a count of covid patients hospitalized in a country -daily-tests-per-thousand-people-smoothed-7-day.csv Daily test conducted per 1000 people in a running week average. -face-covering-policies-covid.csv Countries are grouped into five categories: 1->No policy 2->Recommended 3->Required in some specified shared/public spaces outside the home with other people present, or some situations when social distancing not possible 4->Required in all shared/public spaces outside the home with other people present or all situations when social distancing not possible 5->Required outside the home at all times regardless of location or presence of other people -full-list-cumulative-total-tests-per-thousand-map.csv Full list of total tests conducted per 1000 people. -income-support-covid.csv Income support captures if the government is covering the salaries or providing direct cash payments, universal basic income, or similar, of people who lose their jobs or cannot work. 0->No income support, 1->covers less than 50% of lost salary, 2-> covers more than 50% of the lost salary. -internal-movement-covid.csv Showing government policies in restricting internal movements. Ranges from 0 to 2 where 2 represents the strictest. -international-travel-covid.csv Showing government policies in restricting international movements. Ranges from 0 to 2 where 2 represents the strictest. -people-fully-vaccinated-covid.csv Contains the count of fully vaccinated people in different countries. -people-vaccinated-covid.csv Contains the total count of vaccinated people in different countries. -positive-rate-daily-smoothed.csv Contains the positivity rate of various countries in a week running average. -public-gathering-rules-covid.csv Restrictions are given based on the size of public gatherings as follows: 0->No restrictions 1 ->Restrictions on very large gatherings (the limit is above 1000 people) 2 -> gatherings between 100-1000 people 3 -> gatherings between 10-100 people 4 -> gatherings of less than 10 people -school-closures-covid.csv School closure during Covid. -share-people-fully-vaccinated-covid.csv Share of people that are fully vaccinated. -stay-at-home-covid.csv Countries are grouped into four categories: 0->No measures 1->Recommended not to leave the house 2->Required to not leave the house with exceptions for daily exercise, grocery shopping, and ‘essent...

Aeromagnetic data were collected along flight lines by instruments in an aircraft that recorded magnetic-field values and locations. In the earlier days of surveying, the only way to represent this data was to generate an analog map with contour lines. This dataset is a representation of the digitized contour lines either by following the lines or by choosing the intersection of the contour and flight-line to create a value of the magnetic field. The values presented are latitude, longitude, and map magnetic-field values.

The global number of Facebook users was forecast to continuously increase between 2023 and 2027 by in total 391 million users (+14.36 percent). After the fourth consecutive increasing year, the Facebook user base is estimated to reach 3.1 billion users and therefore a new peak in 2027. Notably, the number of Facebook users was continuously increasing over the past years. User figures, shown here regarding the platform Facebook, have been estimated by taking into account company filings or press material, secondary research, app downloads and traffic data. They refer to the average monthly active users over the period and count multiple accounts by persons only once.The shown data are an excerpt of Statista's Key Market Indicators (KMI). The KMI are a collection of primary and secondary indicators on the macro-economic, demographic and technological environment in up to 150 countries and regions worldwide. All indicators are sourced from international and national statistical offices, trade associations and the trade press and they are processed to generate comparable data sets (see supplementary notes under details for more information).

As of February 2025, it was found that around 14.1 percent of TikTok's global audience were women between the ages of 18 and 24 years, while male users of the same age formed approximately 16.6 percent of the platform's audience. The online audience of the popular social video platform was further composed of 14.6 percent of female users aged between 25 and 34 years, and 20.7 percent of male users in the same age group.

Which county has the most Facebook users?

              There are more than 378 million Facebook users in India alone, making it the leading country in terms of Facebook audience size. To put this into context, if India’s Facebook audience were a country then it would be ranked third in terms of largest population worldwide. Apart from India, there are several other markets with more than 100 million Facebook users each: The United States, Indonesia, and Brazil with 193.8 million, 119.05 million, and 112.55 million Facebook users respectively.

              Facebook – the most used social media

              Meta, the company that was previously called Facebook, owns four of the most popular social media platforms worldwide, WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Facebook, and Instagram. As of the third quarter of 2021, there were around 3,5 billion cumulative monthly users of the company’s products worldwide. With around 2.9 billion monthly active users, Facebook is the most popular social media worldwide. With an audience of this scale, it is no surprise that the vast majority of Facebook’s revenue is generated through advertising.

              Facebook usage by device
              As of July 2021, it was found that 98.5 percent of active users accessed their Facebook account from mobile devices. In fact, almost 81.8 percent of Facebook audiences worldwide access the platform only via mobile phone. Facebook is not only available through mobile browser as the company has published several mobile apps for users to access their products and services. As of the third quarter 2021, the four core Meta products were leading the ranking of most downloaded mobile apps worldwide, with WhatsApp amassing approximately six billion downloads.

As of April 2024, it was found that men between the ages of 25 and 34 years made up Facebook largest audience, accounting for 18.4 percent of global users. Additionally, Facebook's second largest audience base could be found with men aged 18 to 24 years.

              Facebook connects the world

              Founded in 2004 and going public in 2012, Facebook is one of the biggest internet companies in the world with influence that goes beyond social media. It is widely considered as one of the Big Four tech companies, along with Google, Apple, and Amazon (all together known under the acronym GAFA). Facebook is the most popular social network worldwide and the company also owns three other billion-user properties: mobile messaging apps WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger,
              as well as photo-sharing app Instagram. Facebook usersThe vast majority of Facebook users connect to the social network via mobile devices. This is unsurprising, as Facebook has many users in mobile-first online markets. Currently, India ranks first in terms of Facebook audience size with 378 million users. The United States, Brazil, and Indonesia also all have more than 100 million Facebook users each.

In 2023, Meta Platforms had a total annual revenue of over 134 billion U.S. dollars, up from 116 billion in 2022. LinkedIn reported its highest annual revenue to date, generating over 15 billion USD, whilst Snapchat reported an annual revenue of 4.6 billion USD.

Where should we live in the next 10 years? Where should we settle down without relying on public transport? Which city should we move to without fearing losing our homes?

As weather patterns become more unpredictable with aggressive changes in temperatures, I collected some data below to see if there would be a city that could help assess our answers to the prior questions. I am curious to see if cities that typically have great infrastructure for walking, biking or public transit will be better prepared than those that are more typically car centric. Whichever you prefer, we can have a sense on where you might be migrating, and to which areas.

Here's how the data was collected:

1. Rhodium & ProPublica's combined work on counties risk factors against climate change across continental US (excludes Hawaii, Alaska, Puerto Rico and Guam. Washington D.C, is excluded as it does not have a county.)
2. The available Walk Score of major cities that have a population above 100,000 represented. Cities like Delaware's Wilmington or Maine's Portland are not considered as it falls under a small-city definition
3. Maximum temperatures (for select cities): This dataset is collected from the UC Davis Department of Agricultural and Resource by Prof. Aaron Smith. I selected a monthly temporal unit and county spatial unit ranging from 2019 - 2024 July. This dataset is extracted based on the average of highest temperatures in each selected counties. I did not use the overall daily average as it can easily shadow the extremities of temperature fluctuations.

The columns have different rating systems. The counties have all major climate risks expected in the future, while corresponding cities in each county have walking, transit and biking scores to assess livability without cars.

Understanding County Climate Risks The counties were were represented on a 1- 10 scale, based on RCP 8.5 levels. Here are the following explanations (0 = lowest, 10 = highest)

1) Heat: Heat is one of the largest drivers changing the niche of human habitability. Rhodium Group researchers estimate that, between 2040 and 2060 extreme temperatures, many counties will face extremely high temperatures for half a year. The measure shows how many weeks per year will we anticipate temperatures to soar above 95 degrees. (0 = 0 weeks, 10 = 26 weeks).

2) Wet Bulb: Wet bulb temperatures occur when heat meets excessive humidity. This is commonplace across cities that have a urban island heat effects (dense concentration of pavements, less nature, higher chances of absorbing heat). That combination creates wet bulb temperatures, where 82 degrees can feel like southern Alabama on its hottest day, making it dangerous to work outdoors and for children to play school sports. As wet bulb temperatures increase even higher, so will the risk of heat stroke — and even death. The measure shows how many days will a county experience high wet bulb temperatures yearly, from 2040 to 2060. (0 = 0 days, 10 = 70 days)

3) Farm Crop Yield: With rising temperatures, it will become more difficult to grow food. Corn and soy are the most prevalent crops in the U.S. and the basis for livestock feed and other staple foods, and they have critical economic significance. Because of their broad regional spread, they offer the best proxy for predicting how farming will be affected by rising temperatures and changing water supplies. As corn and soy production gets more sensitive to heat than drought, the US will see a huge continental divide between cooler counties now having more ability to produce, while current warmer counties loosing all abilities to produce basic crops. The expected measure shows the percent decline yields from 2040 to 2060 (0 = -20.5% decline, 10 = 92% decline).

4) Sea Level Rise: As sea levels rise, the share of property submerged by high tides increases dramatically, affecting a small sliver of the nation's land but a disproportionate share of its population. The rating measures how much of property in the county will go below high tide from 2040 to 2060 (0 = 0%, 10 = 25%).

5) Very Large Fires: With heat and evermore prevalent drought, the likelihood that very large wildfires (ones that burn over 12,000 acres) will affect U.S. regions increases substantially, particularly in the West, Northwest and the Rocky Mountains. The rating calculates how many average number of large fires will we expect to see per year (0 = N/A, 10 = 2.45) from 2040 to 2071.

6) Economic Damages: Rising energy costs, lower labor productivity, poor crop yields and increasing cr...

Context

There's a story behind every dataset and here's your opportunity to share yours.

Content

What's inside is more than just rows and columns. Make it easy for others to get started by describing how you acquired the data and what time period it represents, too.

Acknowledgements

We wouldn't be here without the help of others. If you owe any attributions or thanks, include them here along with any citations of past research.

Inspiration

Your data will be in front of the world's largest data science community. What questions do you want to see answered?

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F793761%2F7bdef50c7c7e3227c2eb51111a0ef4fc%2Fdownload.png?generation=1590753417875481&alt=media" alt="">

About this dataset

Summary

Hope you are well and safe fren; This dataset is a collection AMOUNT of top posts from r/aww subreddit in the month of may 2020. Only posts with images are available here. Most images are of pets, but there are images of people as well as other forms of wholesomeness. The initial idea is to predict the amount of upvotes/upvote_ratio an image is likely to receive, but there are other variables that can be used to your hearts content.

How to use

• Getting started (Predicting reddit upvotes from images)
• Dataset questions and suggestions thread
• More datasets

How to cite this dataset

It was fun creating this dataset, I really don't mind the citations, but in case you need it for your academic work I made a DOI.

DOI

10.34740/kaggle/dsv/1196908

License

Original Content, CC BY NC 4.0

Splash banner

Photo by Yerlin Matu on Unsplash

Tornadoes in North America

Magnitude, Fatalities, Injuries, and Crop Loss Data

By Homeland Infrastructure Foundation [source]

About this dataset

This dataset compiles historical data on tornadoes in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands – providing a critical resource to researchers and policy-makers alike. Obtained from the National Weather Service's Storm Prediction Center (SPC), it contains an intricate wealth of information that sheds light onto patterns of tornado outbreaks across time & geographical space yielding insights into factors like magnitude, fatalities/injuries caused and losses incurred by these devastating weather disasters. With attributes such as Start Longitude/Latitude, End Longitude/Latitude, Day of Origin & Time Zone – this dataset will enable a comprehensive analysis of changes over time in regards to both intensity & frequency for those interested in studying climate change and its impact on extreme weather events such as tornadoes. For disaster management personnel dealing with natural hazards like floods or hurricanes - a familiarity with this dataset can help identify areas prone to frequent storms - thereby empowering proactive measures towards their mitigation.*

More Datasets

For more datasets, click here.

Featured Notebooks

• 🚨 Your notebook can be here! 🚨!

How to use the dataset

This dataset contains historical tornado tracks in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The data was obtained from the National Weather Service's Storm Prediction Center (SPC). It includes thirty-seven columns of statistics which you can use to analyze when, where, and how frequently tornadoes occur in North America over time.

Research Ideas

• Creating a tornado watch and warning system using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology to track and predict the path of dangerous storms.
• Developing an insurance system that gives detailed information on historical data related to natural disasters including tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, etc., in order to better assess risk levels for insuring homes and businesses in vulnerable areas.
• Developing an app that provides real-time notifications for potential tornadoes by utilizing the dataset's coordinates and forecasting data from the National Weather Service (NWS). The app could even provide shelter locations near users based on their current location ensuring that people are aware of potential active threats nearby them quickly increasing safety levels as much as possible when these hazardous events occur

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

License: Dataset copyright by authors - You are free to: - Share - copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially. - Adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. - You must: - Give appropriate credit - Provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. - ShareAlike - You must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. - Keep intact - all notices that refer to this license, including copyright notices.

Columns

File: Historical_Tornado_Tracks.csv | Column name | Description | |:--------------|:-------------------------------------| | OM | Origin Mode (Point or Line) (String) | | YR | Year (Integer) | | MO | Month (Integer) | | DY | Day (Integer) | | DATE | Date (String) | | TIME | Time (String) | | TZ | Time Zone (String) | | ST | State (String) | | STF | FIPS State Code (String) | | STN | State Name (String) | | MAG | Magnitude (Integer) | | INJ | Injuries (Integer) | | FAT | Fatalities (Integer) | | LOSS | Loss (Integer) | | CLOSS | Crop Loss (Integer) | | SLAT | Starting Latitude (Float) | | SLON | Starting Longitude (Float) | | ELAT | Ending Latitude (Float) | | ELON | Ending Longitude (Float) | | LEN | Length of Track (Float) ...

Context

MeteoNet is a meteorological dataset developed and made available by METEO FRANCE, the French national meteorological service.

Our goal is to provide an easy and ready to use dataset for Data Scientists who want to try their hand on weather data. A complete and clean dataset is a rare and precious thing for a data scientist, and this is what we wanted to provide to the community.

As we are always willing to improve our knowledge of meteorology and weather forecasting, we hope that by opening this dataset to the research community, people around the world will find new ways of bringing value to meteorology with data science.

Let’s start playing with the dataset! You can find in the Tasks tab some challenges proposals! Here are some interesting challenges ideas: - Data visualization, exploration - Time series prediction - Observation data correction, detect aberrant values - Rainfall and cloud cover nowcasting - Improve weather forecasting by crossing weather predictions with other data like observations - Create new forecasting methods - … - If you have any challenges ideas, do not hesitate to propose it via the Tasks tab!

Several notebooks are available to quickly visualize, explore the dataset (notebooks with names started with Open...). The notebook Superimpose data gives some ways to superimpose the data from different sources (observations, forecasts, point data, grid data...).

For example, you can also browse a first notebook about time series prediction (called Univariate Time Series Prediction Tmax).

Content

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F1546625%2F96d24f05afdffd5a1fa596dc55be674e%2Ftest.png?generation=1585906596875654&alt=media" alt="">

The dataset contains full time series of the following data type: - Ground observations: over 500 ground stations measuring pressure, temperature, humidity, wind direction and speed, dew point and precipitation, recorded every 6 min. - Precipitation radar: radar reflectivity and total rainfall measured every 5 min. - Satellite data: Cloud Type (CT) every 15 min, Channels (visible, infrared) every 1 hour. - Weather models: forecasts from 2 weather models with 2D parameters, generated once a day (3D parameters will be added in a next version) - Land-sea and relief masks

To keep this Kaggle dataset at a reasonable size, the data covers only one geographic areas of 550km x 550km on the Brittany coasts, and spans until over 3 years, 2016 to 2018 (it depends on the data type for limit size reasons on Kaggle).

You can find the full MeteoNet dataset at MeteoNet's Website. A documentation about this dataset is also online. You can post any question or suggestion about MeteoNet in our Slack workspace. The GitHub project contains a toolbox which includes data samples from MeteoNet written in python language and our tutorials/documentation which help you explore and cross-check all data types. You can also find the slides of the first training session on the GitHub project.

https://www.googleapis.com/download/storage/v1/b/kaggle-user-content/o/inbox%2F1546625%2Ffc09d9a855a063709a90a5de4b13e0a6%2Fzone_nw.png?generation=1585906684362793&alt=media" alt="">

Inspiration

We hope that Data Science will give us a new approach of meteorology and help us anticipate weather dangerous events like floods or heat wave.

License

The Dataset is licenced by METEO FRANCE under Etalab Open Licence 2.0.

When using this dataset, please cite: Gwennaëlle Larvor, Léa Berthomier, Vincent Chabot, Brice Le Pape, Bruno Pradel, Lior Perez. MeteoNet, an open reference weather dataset by METEO FRANCE, 2020

Temperature Over Time by State (Starts: 1895)

State and County Temperature Changes

By Environmental Data [source]

About this dataset

Do you want to know how rising temperatures are changing the contiguous United States? The Washington Post has used National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Divisional Database (nClimDiv) and Gridded 5km GHCN-Daily Temperature and Precipitation Dataset (nClimGrid) data sets to help analyze warming temperatures in all of the Lower 48 states from 1895-2019. To provide this analysis, we calculated annual mean temperature trends in each state and county in the Lower 48 states. Our results can be found within several datasets now available on this repository.

We are offering: Annual average temperatures for counties and states, temperature change estimates for each of the Lower 48-states, temperature change estimates for counties in the contiguous U.S., county temperature change data joined to a shapefile in GeoJSON format, gridded temperature change data for the contiguous U.S. in GeoTiff format - all contained with our dataset! We invite those curious about climate change to explore these data sets based on our analysis over multiple stories published by The Washington Post such as Extreme climate change has arrived in America, Fires, floods and free parking: California’s unending fight against climate change, In fast-warming Minnesota, scientists are trying to plant the forests of the future, This giant climate hot spot is robbing West of its water ,and more!

By accessing our dataset containing columns such as fips code, year range from 1895-2019, three season temperatures (Fall/Spring/Summer/Winter), max warming season temps plus temp recorded total yearly - you can become an active citizen scientist! If publishing a story or graphic work based off this data set please credit The Washington Post with a link back to this repository while sending us an email so that we can track its usage as well - 2cdatawashpost.com.

More Datasets

For more datasets, click here.

Featured Notebooks

• 🚨 Your notebook can be here! 🚨!

How to use the dataset

The main files provided by this dataset are climdiv_state_year, climdiv_county_year, model_state, model_county , climdiv_national_year ,and model county .geojson . Each file contains different information capturing climate change across different geographies of the United States over time spans from 1895.

Research Ideas

• Investigating and mapping the temperatures for all US states over the past 120 years, to observe long-term changes in temperature patterns.
• Examining regional biases in warming trends across different US counties and states to help inform resource allocation decisions for climate change mitigation and adaption initiatives.
• Utilizing the ClimDiv National Dataset to understand continental-level average annual temperature changes, allowing comparison of global average temperatures with US averages over a long period of time

Acknowledgements

If you use this dataset in your research, please credit the original authors. Data Source

License

License: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) - Public Domain Dedication No Copyright - You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. See Other Information.

Columns

File: climdiv_state_year.csv | Column name | Description | |:--------------|:------------------------------------------------------------------------| | fips | Federal Information Processing Standard code for each county. (Integer) | | year | Year of the temperature data. (Integer) | | tempc | Temperature change from the previous year. (Float) |

File: climdiv_county_year.csv | Column name | Description | |:--------------|:------------------------------------------------------------------------| | fips | Federal Information Processing Standard code for each county. (Integer) | | year | Year of the temperature data. (Integer) | | tempc | Temperature change from the previous year. (Float) |

File: model_state.csv | Column name | Description | |:------------------...