Analysis of ‘Pollution Deaths’ provided by Analyst-2 (analyst-2.ai), based on source dataset retrieved from https://www.kaggle.com/mathurinache/pollution-deaths on 28 January 2022.

--- Dataset description provided by original source is as follows ---

Context

Data Review: How many people die from air pollution?

Content

Datas come from https://ourworldindata.org/data-review-air-pollution-deaths

Acknowledgements

https://www.site-shot.com/cached_image/s4WAhFOPEey54gJCrBEAAg" alt="Pollution Deaths">

Inspiration

Compare pollution deaths by country

--- Original source retains full ownership of the source dataset ---

This map shows the age-standardized mortality rate attributed to air pollution by countries. The rate is shown as deaths per 100,000 people. The global average is 95 deaths per 100,000 people. Any areas in the map above this rate are shown in red. 2016 figures for pollution-caused mortality rate are offered by the World Health Organization (WHO). Values are offered as a mean, upper value, lower value, and also offered as age standardized. Values are for deaths caused by all possible air pollution related diseases, for both sexes, and all age groups. For more information visit this page, and here for methodology. According to WHO, the world average was 95 deaths per 100,000 people.PM 2.5 is fine particulate matter that is 2.5 microns or less in diameter. These particles can cause the air to be hazy, and can get into human lungs and the bloodstream causing major health concerns. To learn more about PM 2.5 and its global/human impacts, visit this World Health Organization page about ambient air pollution.The PM 2.5 data in this map is aggregated from NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) gridded data into country boundaries, administrative 1 boundaries, and 50 km hex bins. The unit of measurement for PM 2.5 concentrations is micrograms per cubic meter. For full metadata and methodology documentation about the layer used in this map, visit this Living Atlas layer. For metadata and methodology about the data used to generate the layer, visit the NASA SEDAC gridded PM 2.5 documentation page or PDF.To learn the techniques used in the analysis that generated this layer, visit the Learn ArcGIS lesson Investigate Pollution Patterns with Space-Time Analysis by Esri's Kevin Bulter and Lynne Buie. Citations:van Donkelaar, A., R. V. Martin, M. Brauer, N. C. Hsu, R. A. Kahn, R. C. Levy, A. Lyapustin, A. M. Sayer, and D. M. Winker. 2018. Global Annual PM2.5 Grids from MODIS, MISR and SeaWiFS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) with GWR, 1998-2016. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). https://doi.org/10.7927/H4ZK5DQS. Accessed 1 April 2020van Donkelaar, A., R. V. Martin, M. Brauer, N. C. Hsu, R. A. Kahn, R. C. Levy, A. Lyapustin, A. M. Sayer, and D. M. Winker. 2016. Global Estimates of Fine Particulate Matter Using a Combined Geophysical-Statistical Method with Information from Satellites. Environmental Science & Technology 50 (7): 3762-3772. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05833.

United States US: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data was reported at 17.000 NA in 2016. United States US: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data is updated yearly, averaging 17.000 NA from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. United States US: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s United States – Table US.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

This dataset show the mortality estimates that can be attributed to air pollution, broken down by Local Authority. The data contains, Population(25+), Deaths (25+), Mean Anthropogenic PM, Attributable deaths, Attributable deaths as a fraction, Associated life-years lost. The data was sourced from Public Health England (http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1317141074607) and was subsequently converted to a more usable format so that it could be combined with Local Authority boundary data provided by the Ordnance Survey under their OpenData agreement. The original data was in pdf format. The zip contains an xls document which should corresdond to the main data tables. Northern Ireland is not included in the shapefile, but is available in the download as a separate xls should you require it. GIS vector data. This dataset was first accessioned in the EDINA ShareGeo Open repository on 2014-04-16 and migrated to Edinburgh DataShare on 2017-02-22.

Dataset contains information on New York City air quality surveillance data.

Air pollution is one of the most important environmental threats to urban populations and while all people are exposed, pollutant emissions, levels of exposure, and population vulnerability vary across neighborhoods. Exposures to common air pollutants have been linked to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and premature deaths. These indicators provide a perspective across time and NYC geographies to better characterize air quality and health in NYC. Data can also be explored online at the Environment and Health Data Portal: http://nyc.gov/health/environmentdata.

Air pollution is one of China's most serious environmental issues, taking a significant toll on residents' physical and mental health. Since the implementation of policies such as the Action Plan on Air Pollution Prevention and Control in 2013, air quality in most Chinese cities has improved significantly. This dataset is based on a counterfactual research paradigm to measure the actual number of premature deaths due to PM2.5 pollution in 2019 and the number of premature deaths due to PM2.5 pollution in 2019 under a scenario with no policy in place. Then subtract the former from the latter to get the dataset of premature deaths avoided due to PM2.5 pollution control policies in Chinese cities in 2019. The dataset includes: (1) The actual number of premature deaths due to PM2.5 pollution in 2019; (2) The number of premature deaths in 2019 under the no-policy scenario; (3) The number of premature deaths reduced in 2019 as a result of environmental policies. The dataset covers 343 cities and archived in .shp and .xls formats with 30.4 MB. This dataset could support some research on air pollution control and urban environmental health in China, and can also provide references for the assessment of local government's environmental performance.

Kuwait KW: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data was reported at 103.800 Ratio in 2016. Kuwait KW: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data is updated yearly, averaging 103.800 Ratio from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. Kuwait KW: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Kuwait – Table KW.World Bank: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

United Kingdom UK: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data was reported at 13.800 Ratio in 2016. United Kingdom UK: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data is updated yearly, averaging 13.800 Ratio from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. United Kingdom UK: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s UK – Table UK.World Bank: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

SUMMARYMortality burden associated with long-term exposure to anthropogenic (human-made) particulate air pollution (measured as fine particulate matter, PM2.5*) at current levels, expressed as the percentage of annual deaths from all causes in those aged 30+.* PM2.5 means the mass (in micrograms) per cubic metre of air of individual particles with an aerodynamic diameter generally less than 2.5 micrometers. PM2.5 is also known as fine particulate matter.The raw data, plus a full description of the dataset and information that may aid interpretation of the data, are available here.DATA SOURCESFraction of mortality attributable to particulate air pollution: © Public Health England 2021.Administrative boundaries: Boundary-LineTM: Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2020. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.COPYRIGHT NOTICE© Public Health England 2021; Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2020. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.CaBA HEALTH & WELLBEING EVIDENCE BASEThis dataset forms part of the wider CaBA Health and Wellbeing Evidence Base.

This story map explores 19 years of particulate matter (PM 2.5) in the air we breathe. This is done by exploring a few different things:Recent PM 2.519-year Average PM 2.5Human ImpactTrendsThe collection of maps shown in the story highlight different patterns of air quality as seen by particulate matter (PM 2.5) concentrations. Maps were created from this Global Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) between 1998-2016) Living Atlas layer. The data is aggregated from NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC) gridded data into country boundaries, administrative 1 boundaries, and 50 km hex bins. The unit of measurement is micrograms per cubic meter.PM 2.5 are small particulate matter of 2.5 microns or less in diameter that are in the air we breathe. These tiny particles can be ingested into your lungs and bloodstream, causing a great risk for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. They can come from many different sources such as power plants, vehicles, fires, dust, and many others.According to the World Health Organization (WHO): “Ambient (outdoor) air pollution in both cities and rural areas was estimated to cause 4.2 million premature deaths worldwide per year in 2016; this mortality is due to exposure to small particulate matter of 2.5 microns or less in diameter (PM2.5), which cause cardiovascular and respiratory disease, and cancers.” Studying where PM 2.5 concentrations exist can help policymakers form new laws to help protect the health of their population.Some of the things we can learn from these maps:What is the average annual PM 2.5 value over 19 years? (1998-2016)What is the annual average PM 2.5 value for each year from 1998 to 2016?What is the statistical trend for PM 2.5 over the 19 years? (downward or upward)Are there hot spots (or cold spots) of PM 2.5 over the 19 years?How many people are impacted by the air quality in an area?What is the death rate caused by the joint effects of air pollution?Citations:van Donkelaar, A., R. V. Martin, M. Brauer, N. C. Hsu, R. A. Kahn, R. C. Levy, A. Lyapustin, A. M. Sayer, and D. M. Winker. 2018. Global Annual PM2.5 Grids from MODIS, MISR and SeaWiFS Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) with GWR, 1998-2016. Palisades, NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). https://doi.org/10.7927/H4ZK5DQS. Accessed 1 April 2020van Donkelaar, A., R. V. Martin, M. Brauer, N. C. Hsu, R. A. Kahn, R. C. Levy, A. Lyapustin, A. M. Sayer, and D. M. Winker. 2016. Global Estimates of Fine Particulate Matter Using a Combined Geophysical-Statistical Method with Information from Satellites. Environmental Science & Technology 50 (7): 3762-3772. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b05833.

Air quality in the United States has dramatically improved, yet exposure to air pollution is still associated with 100000–200000 deaths annually. Reducing the number of deaths effectively, efficiently, and equitably relies on attributing them to specific emission sources, but so far, this has been done for only highly aggregated groups of sources, or a select few sources of interest. Here, we estimate mortality in the United States attributable to all domestic, human-caused emissions of primary PM2.5 and secondary PM2.5 precursors. We present detailed source-specific attributions in four alternate groupings relevant for identifying promising ways to reduce mortality. We find that nearly half of the deaths can be attributed to just five activities, all in different sectors. Around half of the deaths can be attributed to fossil fuel combustion, with the remainder attributable to combustion of nonfossil fuels, agricultural processes, and other noncombustion processes. Both primary and secondary PM2.5 are important, including PM2.5 from currently unregulated precursor pollutants such as ammonia. We suggest improvements in air quality can be realized by continued reductions of emissions from traditionally important sources and by novel strategies for reducing emissions from sources of emerging relative importance and research focus. Such changes can contribute to improved health outcomes and other environmental goals.

Malaysia Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data was reported at 39.000 NA in 2016. Malaysia Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 39.000 NA from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. Malaysia Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Malaysia – Table MY.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

BD: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data was reported at 161.000 NA in 2016. BD: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data is updated yearly, averaging 161.000 NA from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. BD: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Bangladesh – Table BD.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

Singapore SG: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data was reported at 19.000 NA in 2016. Singapore SG: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data is updated yearly, averaging 19.000 NA from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. Singapore SG: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Female data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Singapore – Table SG.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

Australia Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data was reported at 10.000 NA in 2016. Australia Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data is updated yearly, averaging 10.000 NA from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. Australia Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: Age-standardized: Male data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Australia – Table AU.World Bank.WDI: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;

CA: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data was reported at 7.000 Ratio in 2016. CA: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data is updated yearly, averaging 7.000 Ratio from Dec 2016 (Median) to 2016, with 1 observations. CA: Mortality Rate Attributed to Household and Ambient Air Pollution: per 100,000 Population data remains active status in CEIC and is reported by World Bank. The data is categorized under Global Database’s Canada – Table CA.World Bank: Health Statistics. Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution is the number of deaths attributable to the joint effects of household and ambient air pollution in a year per 100,000 population. The rates are age-standardized. Following diseases are taken into account: acute respiratory infections (estimated for all ages); cerebrovascular diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); ischaemic heart diseases in adults (estimated above 25 years); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults (estimated above 25 years); and lung cancer in adults (estimated above 25 years).; ; World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory Data Repository (http://apps.who.int/ghodata/).; Weighted average;