This data collection comprises a data library, sample outputs, batch files and accompanying documentation from the ESRC-funded project “Population247NRT: Near real-time spatiotemporal population estimates for health, emergency response and national security”. The data comprise a structured set of input data for use with the authors’ SurfaceBuilder247 software and sample outputs which estimate the population distribution of England at specific times on specific dates, referenced to 2011 census population totals.
The sample output files (provided as GeoTIFFs) contain population estimates in 200m grid cells, based on the British National Grid, for 02:00 (2am) and 14:00 (2pm) on a typical weekday in University and school term-time and out of term-time. The estimates are broken down by seven age/economic activity sub-groups for term-time and six for out of term-time, and include estimates of population activity in residential, workplace, education, healthcare and road transportation domains.
The data library, which has been constructed entirely using open data sources, comprises population estimates, by age/economic activity sub-groups, for point locations (typically population-weighted centroids of census output areas and workplace zones, or postcode centroids of sites such as schools or hospitals); time profiles representing usual patterns of population activity at these sites during a 24-hour period; and background grid layers representing the land surface area and major road network. SurfaceBuilder247 uses the data library to generate time-specific gridded population estimates by redistributing the population of each sub-group across the available locations and background grid in accordance with the reference time profiles. The sample output grids provided in this resource may be used directly in GIS software or, alternatively, the input data library may be reprocessed using SurfaceBuilder247 to generate estimates for specific dates and times of interest to the user. Sample batch and session parameter files are included in the resource.

Decision-making and policy formulation in sectors such as health, emergency/crisis response and national security, ideally require accurate dynamic information on the number of people in specific places at specific times of the day, week, season or year. Traditional census data do not provide this level of detail but are often used for such policy and planning purposes. The ESRC-funded Population247 programme of research (Martin et al, 2015) developed a framework, methodology and software tool (SurfaceBuilder247) for integrating diverse contemporary data sources to produce enhanced time-specific population estimates for small geographical areas. Its usefulness has since been demonstrated for flooding and radiation emergency response/planning, through collaborations with HR Wallingford and Public Health England. These models have primarily involved the integration of open administrative data for activities such as place of residence, work, education and health. Now, new and emerging forms of data, such as sensor data, live and static data feeds provided via the internet, and various commercial datasets which were not previously available, provide exciting opportunities to enhance these population estimates. Such new and emerging datasets are useful because they provide near real-time information on population activity in sectors which are particularly dynamic and have previously been difficult to model, such as retail, leisure and transport. However, extracting useful intelligence from these sources, and integrating and calibrating them with existing data sources, poses significant challenges for researchers and practitioners seeking to employ them in the creation of time-specific population estimates. This project will combine new, emerging and existing datasets in order to produce enhanced time-specific population estimates for more informed decision-making and policy formulation in the health, emergency/crisis response and national security sectors. It is a collaborative project between University of Southampton, Public Health England (PHE), Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl). The project will enhance existing methods and tools for harvesting, processing, integrating and calibrating new, emerging and existing data sources in order to produce time-specific population estimates. It will deliver two substantive policy demonstrator case studies with the project partners. The first case study will demonstrate the potential for using time-specific population estimates for near real-time response in emergencies; the second will explore their usefulness for modelling variation in 'normal' population distributions through space and time in order to inform longer-term planning and policy formulation. Importantly, the project will also encourage the sharing of knowledge and expertise between academia and the public...

Dataset ReleaseWe are pleased to announce the release of our "Facing Asymmetry Dataset," a comprehensive collection of simulated asymmetric faces relevant to understanding how neural networks react toward facial asymmetry during the six base emotions.This dataset has been developed through causal interventions and contains 200 individuals. The data has been carefully curated and processed to ensure quality and consistency. Each person has optimized facial expression for 17 independent FER classifiers. Additionally, we provide the logit activations of the classifiers.All resemblance to existing people is not intended and could only result from the underlying FLAME geometry model and the texture from the BaselFaceModel.This dataset accompanies the upcoming ACCV 2024 publication: Facing Asymmetry - Uncovering the Causal Link between Facial Symmetry and Expressio Classifiers using Synthetic Interventions.Dataset DetailsName: Facing AsymmetryDescription: Simulated facial asymmetry during the six base emotionsNumber of Examples: 200 individuals, with 17 expression classifiers, with each six emotionsData Type: images, CSV tables with logit activations, expression vectorsField: Computer Vision, Facial Expression Recognition, Facial PalsyUse and CitationThis dataset is intended for use in research. We encourage researchers and developers to utilize this resource and contribute to its further development.To cite this dataset, please refer to the following paper:Facing Asymmetry - Uncovering the Causal Link between Facial Symmetry and Expressio Classifiers using Synthetic InterventionsLicense and PermissionsThis dataset is released under the CC BY 4.0 license. By downloading or using this dataset, you agree to the terms of this license.Contact InformationIf you have any questions or comments regarding this dataset, please do not hesitate to contact us at tim.buechner@uni-jena.de

All cities with a population > 1000 or seats of adm div (ca 80.000)Sources and ContributionsSources : GeoNames is aggregating over hundred different data sources. Ambassadors : GeoNames Ambassadors help in many countries. Wiki : A wiki allows to view the data and quickly fix error and add missing places. Donations and Sponsoring : Costs for running GeoNames are covered by donations and sponsoring.Enrichment:add country name

The total amount of data created, captured, copied, and consumed globally is forecast to increase rapidly, reaching 149 zettabytes in 2024. Over the next five years up to 2028, global data creation is projected to grow to more than 394 zettabytes. In 2020, the amount of data created and replicated reached a new high. The growth was higher than previously expected, caused by the increased demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as more people worked and learned from home and used home entertainment options more often. Storage capacity also growing Only a small percentage of this newly created data is kept though, as just two percent of the data produced and consumed in 2020 was saved and retained into 2021. In line with the strong growth of the data volume, the installed base of storage capacity is forecast to increase, growing at a compound annual growth rate of 19.2 percent over the forecast period from 2020 to 2025. In 2020, the installed base of storage capacity reached 6.7 zettabytes.

The region of present-day China has historically been the most populous region in the world; however, its population development has fluctuated throughout history. In 2022, China was overtaken as the most populous country in the world, and current projections suggest its population is heading for a rapid decline in the coming decades. Transitions of power lead to mortality The source suggests that conflict, and the diseases brought with it, were the major obstacles to population growth throughout most of the Common Era, particularly during transitions of power between various dynasties and rulers. It estimates that the total population fell by approximately 30 million people during the 14th century due to the impact of Mongol invasions, which inflicted heavy losses on the northern population through conflict, enslavement, food instability, and the introduction of bubonic plague. Between 1850 and 1870, the total population fell once more, by more than 50 million people, through further conflict, famine and disease; the most notable of these was the Taiping Rebellion, although the Miao an Panthay Rebellions, and the Dungan Revolt, also had large death tolls. The third plague pandemic also originated in Yunnan in 1855, which killed approximately two million people in China. 20th and 21st centuries There were additional conflicts at the turn of the 20th century, which had significant geopolitical consequences for China, but did not result in the same high levels of mortality seen previously. It was not until the overlapping Chinese Civil War (1927-1949) and Second World War (1937-1945) where the death tolls reached approximately 10 and 20 million respectively. Additionally, as China attempted to industrialize during the Great Leap Forward (1958-1962), economic and agricultural mismanagement resulted in the deaths of tens of millions (possibly as many as 55 million) in less than four years, during the Great Chinese Famine. This mortality is not observable on the given dataset, due to the rapidity of China's demographic transition over the entire period; this saw improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and infrastructure result in sweeping changes across the population. The early 2020s marked some significant milestones in China's demographics, where it was overtaken by India as the world's most populous country, and its population also went into decline. Current projections suggest that China is heading for a "demographic disaster", as its rapidly aging population is placing significant burdens on China's economy, government, and society. In stark contrast to the restrictive "one-child policy" of the past, the government has introduced a series of pro-fertility incentives for couples to have larger families, although the impact of these policies are yet to materialize. If these current projections come true, then China's population may be around half its current size by the end of the century.

Rural safe water coverage as defined by the Directorate of Water Development, Ministry of Water and Environment, Uganda.

Data used in maps 3, 4, 5, 6 of ""Mapping a Healthier Future: How Spatial Analysis Can Guide Pro-Poor Water and Sanitation Planning in Uganda."" from Health Planning Department, Ministry of Health, Uganda; Directorate of Water Development, Ministry of Water and Environment, Uganda; Uganda Bureau of Statistics; International Livestock Research Institute; and World Resources Institute. 2009.

The Directorate of Water Development (DWD) is using proxy measures to estimate access to safe drinking water supplies in Uganda. The existing data collection and monitoring eff orts do not permit DWD to physically measure for the whole country the percentage of people within 1.5 kilometers (rural areas) and 0.2 kilometers (urban areas) of an improved water source. For rural areas, DWD assumes a fi xed number of users per source as follows: protected spring (200 persons), shallow well with hand pump (300 persons), deep borehole with hand pump (300 persons), gravity flow scheme or other piped water supply tap (150 persons), and rain water harvesting tank (3 persons for a tank of less than 10,000 liters and 6 persons for a tank greater than 10,000 liters).

DWD relies on an inventory of existing safe drinking water sources (based on a national survey and annual reporting) to calculate for each subcounty the total number of people served by all the improved sources. This number is then divided by the total subcounty population (as projected by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics) to obtain the share of the subcounty population with access to an improved water source. DWD caps each subcounty share at a maximum coverage rate of 95 percent to ensure that no subcounty is serving more people than its total population. Coverage rates shown in this publication assume that all sources are fully functional.

Canada, with 3.33 people per square kilometre, has one of the lowest population densities in the world. In 2001, most of Canada's population of 30,007,094 lived within 200 kilometres of the United States (along Canada's south). In fact, the inhabitants of our three biggest cities -- Toronto, Montréal and Vancouver -- can drive to the border in less than two hours. Thousands of kilometres to the north, our polar region -- the Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut -- is relatively empty, embracing 41% of our land mass but only 0.3% of our population. An inset map shows in greater detail the Windsor-Québec Corridor where a high concentration of Canadians live.

Abstract

The Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC) carried out the Migration and Remittances Survey in South Africa for the World Bank in collaboration with the African Development Bank. The primary mandate of the HSRC in this project was to come up with a migration database that includes both immigrants and emigrants. The specific activities included: · A household survey with a view of producing a detailed demographic/economic database of immigrants, emigrants and non migrants · The collation and preparation of a data set based on the survey · The production of basic primary statistics for the analysis of migration and remittance behaviour in South Africa.

Like many other African countries, South Africa lacks reliable census or other data on migrants (immigrants and emigrants), and on flows of resources that accompanies movement of people. This is so because a large proportion of African immigrants are in the country undocumented. A special effort was therefore made to design a household survey that would cover sufficient numbers and proportions of immigrants, and still conform to the principles of probability sampling. The approach that was followed gives a representative picture of migration in 2 provinces, Limpopo and Gauteng, which should be reflective of migration behaviour and its impacts in South Africa.

Geographic coverage

Two provinces: Gauteng and Limpopo

Limpopo is the main corridor for migration from African countries to the north of South Africa while Gauteng is the main port of entry as it has the largest airport in Africa. Gauteng is a destination for internal and international migrants because it has three large metropolitan cities with a great economic potential and reputation for offering employment, accommodations and access to many different opportunities within a distance of 56 km. These two provinces therefore were expected to accommodate most African migrants in South Africa, co-existing with a large host population.

Analysis unit

• Household
• Individual

Universe

The target group consists of households in all communities. The survey will be conducted among metro and non-metro households. Non-metro households include those in: - small towns, - secondary cities, - peri-urban settlements and - deep rural areas. From each selected household, one adult respondent will be selected to participate in the study.

Kind of data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure

Migration data for South Africa are available for 2007 only at the level of local governments or municipalities from the 2007 Census; for smaller areas called "sub places" (SPs) only as recently as the 2001 census, and for the desired EAs only back so far as the Census of 1996. In sum, there was no single source that provided recent data on the five types of migrants of principal interest at the level of the Enumeration Area, which was the area for which data were needed to draw the sample since it was going to be necessary to identify migrant and non-migrant households in the sample areas in order to oversample those with migrants for interview.

In an attempt to overcome the data limitations referred to above, it was necessary to adopt a novel approach to the design of the sample for the World Bank's household migration survey in South Africa, to identify EAs with a high probability of finding immigrants and those with a low probability. This required the combined use of the three sources of data described above. The starting point was the CS 2007 survey, which provided data on migration at a local government level, classifying each local government cluster in terms of migration level, taking into account the types of migrants identified. The researchers then spatially zoomed in from these clusters to the so-called sub-places (SPs) from the 2001 Census to classifying SP clusters by migration level. Finally, the 1996 Census data were used to zoom in even further down to the EA level, using the 1996 census data on migration levels of various typed, to identify the final level of clusters for the survey, namely the spatially small EAs (each typically containing about 200 households, and hence amenable to the listing operation in the field).

A higher score or weight was attached to the 2007 Community Survey municipality-level (MN) data than to the Census 2001 sub-place (SP) data, which in turn was given a greater weight than the 1996 enumerator area (EA) data. The latter was derived exclusively from the Census 1996 EA data, but has then been reallocated to the 2001 EAs proportional to geographical size. Although these weights are purely arbitrary since it was composed from different sources, they give an indication of the relevant importance attached to the different migrant categories. These weighted migrant proportions (secondary strata), therefore constituted the second level of clusters for sampling purposes.

In addition, a system of weighting or scoring the different persons by migrant type was applied to ensure that the likelihood of finding migrants would be optimised. As part of this procedure, recent migrants (who had migrated in the preceding five years) received a higher score than lifetime migrants (who had not migrated during the preceding five years). Similarly, a higher score was attached to international immigrants (both recent and lifetime, who had come to SA from abroad) than to internal migrants (who had only moved within SA's borders). A greater weight also applied to inter-provincial (internal) than to intra-provincial migrants (who only moved within the same South African province).

How the three data sources were combined to provide overall scores for EA can be briefly described. First, in each of the two provinces, all local government units were given migration scores according to the numbers or relative proportions of the population classified in the various categories of migrants (with non-migrants given a score of 1.0. Migrants were assigned higher scores according to their priority, with international migrants given higher scores than internal migrants and recent migrants higher scores than lifetime migrants. Then within the local governments, sub-places were assigned scores assigned on the basis of inter vs. intra-provincial migrants using the 2001 census data. Each SP area in a local government was thus assigned a value which was the product of its local government score (the same for all SPs in the local government) and its own SP score. The third and final stage was to develop relative migration scores for all the EAs from the 1996 census by similarly weighting the proportions of migrants (and non-migrants, assigned always 1.0) of each type. The the final migration score for an EA is the product of its own EA score from 1996, the SP score of which it is a part (assigned to all the EAs within the SP), and the local government score from the 2007 survey.

Based on all the above principles the set of weights or scores was developed.

In sum, we multiplied the proportion of populations of each migrant type, or their incidence, by the appropriate final corresponding EA scores for persons of each type in the EA (based on multiplying the three weights together), to obtain the overall score for each EA. This takes into account the distribution of persons in the EA according to migration status in 1996, the SP score of the EA in 2001, and the local government score (in which the EA is located) from 2007. Finally, all EAs in each province were then classified into quartiles, prior to sampling from the quartiles.

From the EAs so classified, the sampling took the form of selecting EAs, i.e., primary sampling units (PSUs, which in this case are also Ultimate Sampling Units, since this is a single stage sample), according to their classification into quartiles. The proportions selected from each quartile are based on the range of EA-level scores which are assumed to reflect weighted probabilities of finding desired migrants in each EA. To enhance the likelihood of finding migrants, much higher proportions of EAs were selected into the sample from the quartiles with the higher scores compared to the lower scores (disproportionate sampling). The decision on the most appropriate categorisations was informed by the observed migration levels in the two provinces of the study area during 2007, 2001 and 1996, analysed at the lowest spatial level for which migration data was available in each case.

Because of the differences in their characteristics it was decided that the provinces of Gauteng and Limpopo should each be regarded as an explicit stratum for sampling purposes. These two provinces therefore represented the primary explicit strata. It was decided to select an equal number of EAs from these two primary strata.

The migration-level categories referred to above were treated as secondary explicit strata to ensure optimal coverage of each in the sample. The distribution of migration levels was then used to draw EAs in such a way that greater preference could be given to areas with higher proportions of migrants in general, but especially immigrants (note the relative scores assigned to each type of person above). The proportion of EAs selected into the sample from the quartiles draws upon the relative mean weighted migrant scores (referred to as proportions) found below the table, but this is a coincidence and not necessary, as any disproportionate sampling of EAs from the quartiles could be done, since it would be rectified in the weighting at the end for the analysis.

The resultant proportions of migrants then led to the following proportional allocation of sampled EAs (Quartile 1: 5 per cent (instead of 25% as in an equal distribution), Quartile 2: 15 per cent (instead

In 1995 a cross-sectional study of the Swedish population between the ages of 20 and 85 was carried out. In this study, three dimensions of gerotranscendence were approximated and operationalized in three measures: cosmic transcendence, coherence and need for solitude. The general purpose of the 2001 study was to obtain a better understanding of the gerotranscendence patterns when the unlimited age span 65+ is studied in detail. As in the previous 1995 study, a series of questions/statements were framed in accordance with dimensions of gerotranscendence. Statements measuring the cosmic transcendence included: 'I feel connected with the entire universe', 'I feel that I am part of everything alive', 'I can feel a strong presence of people who are elsewhere', 'Sometimes I feel like I live in the past and present simultaneously', and 'I feel a strong connection with earlier generations'. Coherence was measured by the respondent's attitude to following statements: 'My life feels chaotic and disrupted' and 'The life I have lived has coherence and meaning'. Statements measuring solitude included: 'I like to be myself better than being with others', 'I like meetings with new people', and 'Being at peace and philosophizing by myself is important for my well-being'. The respondents were also asked if their view on life and existence had changed compared to when they were 50 years old. Respondents were also asked to read a list of common diseases and mark the diseases they suffered from. In the same vein, the respondents were asked if they, during the past two years, had experienced something they regarded as a life crises. Furthermore the respondents were asked how often they: a) participated in activities outside the home (organizational activities, church, cinema, theatre, etc.), b) receive visitors at home (friends, neighbors, children, other relatives), c) themselves visit friends,neighbors, children or other relatives. Response alternatives were: daily, weekly, monthly, every six months, less often. Purpose: The general purpose of the 2001 study was to obtain a better understanding of the gerotranscendence patterns when the unlimited age span 65+ is studied in detail The response rate declined with age from 76 percent in the lowest age category to 53 percent in the highest. År 1995 genomfördes en tvärsnittsstudie av den svenska befolkningen i åldrarna mellan 20 och 85. I studien studerades och mättes tre dimensioner av gerotranscendens; kosmisk transcendens, sammanhang, och behovet av att vara ensam. Det övergripande syftet med studien var att få en bättre förståelse för de gerotranscendentala mönsterna när man studerar åldrarna 65 år och äldre i detalj. Precis som vid studien som gjordes 1995 ställdes frågor och påståenden i enlighet med de olika dimensionerna. Påståenden som mätte den kosmiska transcendensen var exempelvis: "Jag känner samhörighet med hela universum" "Jag känner att jag är en del av allt levande" "Jag kan känna en stark närvaro av personer som inte är med oss längre" "Ibland känns det som att jag lever i det förflutna och i nutid simultant" "Jag känner en stark koppling till tidigare generationer". Sammanhang mättes genom den svarandes attityder till följande påståenden: "Mitt liv känns kaotiskt och splittrat" "Det liv jag har levt har sammanhang och mening". Påståenden som mätte behov av ensamhet var: "Jag tycker mer om att vara ensam än att vara med andra" "Jag gillar möten med nya människor" "Att vara tillfreds och att filosofera ensam är viktigt för mitt välbefinnande". Man frågande även de svarande huruvida deras syn på livet och existens hade förändrats jämfört med när de var 50 år. De svarande tillfrågandes även att läsa från en lista med olika sjukdomar och markera vilka de led av. Samtidigt frågade man om de svarande hade upplevt något som de uppfattade som en livskris under de senaste två åren. Man frågade även hur ofta de; a) deltog i aktiviteter utanför hemmet (organiserade aktiviteter, kyrkaktviteter, bio, teater). b) fick besök hemma (vänner, grannar, barn, andra anhöriga) c) om de själva beskökte vänner, grannar, barn eller andra anhöriga. Svarsalternativen var; dagligen, veckovis, månadsvis, varje halvår, mindre ofta. Syfte: Det övergripande syftet med studien var att få en bättre förståelse för de gerotranscendentala mönsterna när man studerar åldrarna 65 år och äldre i detalj Svarsfrekvensen minskade i förhållande till ålder, 76% svar i den yngsta åldersgruppen och 53% i den äldsta. The sample was age stratified with 200 men and 200 women randomly sampled within each of the age categories 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, 85-89, 90-94, 95+.The sample was age stratified with 200 men and 200 women randomly sampled within each of the age categories 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, 85-89, 90-94, 95+. Urvalet var åldersstratifierat med 200 män och 200 kvinnor slumpmässigt valda ur respektive ålderskategori 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, 85-89, 90-94, 95+.Urvalet var åldersstratifierat med 200 män och 200 kvinnor slumpmässigt valda ur respektive ålderskategori 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, 85-89, 90-94, 95+.

Household Saving Rate in the United States increased to 4.60 percent in January from 3.50 percent in December of 2024. This dataset provides - United States Personal Savings Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

This chapter provides a review of proxy data from a variety of natural archives sampled in the Wollaston Forland region, central Northeast Greenland. The data are used to describe long-term environmental and climatic changes. The focus is on reconstructing the Holocene conditions particularly in the Zackenberg area. In addition, this chapter provides an overview of the archaeological evidence for prehistoric occupation of the region. The Zackenberg area has been covered by the Greenland Ice Sheet several times during the Quaternary. At the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, about 22,000 years BP), temperatures were much lower than at present, and only very hardy organisms may have survived in the region, even if ice-free areas existed. Marked warming at around 11,700 years BP led to ice recession, and the Zackenberg area was deglaciated in the early Holocene, prior to 10,100 years BP. Rapid early Holocene land emergence was replaced by a slight transgression in the late Holocene.During the Holocene, summer solar insolation decreased in the north. Following deglaciation of the region, summer temperatures probably peaked in the early to mid-Holocene, as indicated by the occurrence of a southern beetle species. However, the timing for the onset of the Holocene thermal maximum is rather poorly constrained because of delayed immigration of key plant species. During the thermal maximum, the mean July temperature was at least 2-3°C higher than at present. Evidence for declining summer temperatures is seen at around 5500, 4500 and 3500 years BP. The cooling culminated during the Little Ice Age that peaked about 100-200 years ago. The first plants that immigrated to the region were herbs and mosses. The first dwarf shrubs arrived in Northeast Greenland prior to 10,400 years BP, and dwarf birch arrived around 8800 years BP. The first people arrived about 4500 years BP, but the region was depopulated several times before the last people disappeared some time after 1823 AD, perhaps as a consequence of poor hunting conditions during the peak of the Little Ice Age.

The New York Times is releasing a series of data files with cumulative counts of coronavirus cases in the United States, at the state and county level, over time. We are compiling this time series data from state and local governments and health departments in an attempt to provide a complete record of the ongoing outbreak.

Since late January, The Times has tracked cases of coronavirus in real time as they were identified after testing. Because of the widespread shortage of testing, however, the data is necessarily limited in the picture it presents of the outbreak.

We have used this data to power our maps and reporting tracking the outbreak, and it is now being made available to the public in response to requests from researchers, scientists and government officials who would like access to the data to better understand the outbreak.

The data begins with the first reported coronavirus case in Washington State on Jan. 21, 2020. We will publish regular updates to the data in this repository.

This project aimed to focus in on the analysis of how professional identities are constructed through practice. This was done by undertaking research in five case study schools over a year in three stages: (1) an overview of the leadership structure and processes through interviews with key people; (2) an examination of the decision making and professional practice processes regarding a school specific project; and (3) an analysis of staff approaches to decision making and practice through the use of Q methodology and debrief interviews. Modernisation of public service provision has generated a set of leadership imperatives for the delivery of reform in schools. The aim of this project is to develop the existing knowledge base relating to how school leaders, teachers and other educational practitioners are handling this major intervention in their working lives through a focus upon distributed leadership. The research will focus on five secondary schools and data collection methods will include interviews, questionnaires and observations. Research participants in each school will be interviewed about distributed leadership and asked to complete a related questionnaire. Research participants will also be observed acting in management and leadership roles at school. Based upon findings from the above the Project intends to develop rich descriptions of school organisational practice in specific school contexts. By knowing more about the distributed school leadership the intention of the Project is to contribute to debates and the development of strategies about how organisational arrangements might be created to support and enable learners. It is also intended to contribute to debates and strategies relating to the leadership of teachers and to better understand the limits and possibilities for distributed leadership. Five case study schools were used with face to face interviews and observations of key people. An analysis of staff approaches to decision making and practice through the use of Q methodology and debrief interviews was conducted also.

This project uses data on same-gendered households (via the 2016 Australian Census) and cohabitation rates (via behavioural population surveys) to estimate the total number and prevalence of gay men and lesbian women living across Australia and in each postcode. The data and code for generating relevant outputs and analyses are contained here.(i) Stock datasets [Files: remoteness2012.dta; postcode_clusters.dta] This item contains files required to organize the Australian Census data: (i) the 'remoteness' classifications per the Australian Statistical Geography Standard (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2011), and (ii) clustering of those postcodes with base total populations of less than 200 people. The clustering process was undertaken manually by reviewing postcodes in that bracket and combining them with neighboring postcodes within the same jurisdictions and remoteness classification until the threshold of 200 was met. Preference was given for clustering postcodes that shared the largest geographic border and/or with the smallest population sizes.(ii) Underlying datasets [Files: pop_sex_0-9.xlsx; pop_sex_10-19.xlsx; pop_sex_18.xlsx; pop_sex_19.xlsx; pop_sex_20-24.xlsx; pop_sex_25-29.xlsx; pop_sex_all.xlsx; ss_couples_all.xlsx]This item contains tables created by and extracted from the Australian Bureau of Statistics 'TableBuilder' platform, which allows access to and organization of aggregate data from the 2016 Australian Census. The tables exist in two groups (i) total number of Census participants, stratified by postcode, age group and gender, and (ii) total number of same-gendered households, stratified by postcode and gender.(iii) Organizational code [File: generate dataset and analysis.do]This file contains the code (Stata, version 15.0) to organize the 'underlying datasets' and combine them with information collated from behavioral survey data. To account for remoteness classification via the Australian Statistical Geography Standard, it merges by postcode on a separate 'stock dataset' (remoteness2012). To account for clustering of postcodes with small overall populations, it merges by postcode on a separate 'stock dataset' (postcode_clusters). The code additionally produces outcomes of descriptive analyses and relevant tables, and generates a final dataset of, by-postcode, population sizes and prevalences.(iv) Final dataset [File: Appendix B - dataset.xlsx]This final dataset contains organized, merged and interpreted outcomes, presented as variables of, by-postcode, the estimated absolute number and prevalence of gay men and lesbian women in Australia. A data dictionary is included.

Number, rate and percentage changes in rates of homicide victims, Canada, provinces and territories, 1961 to 2023.

TIME's Person of the Year hasn't always secured his or her place in the history books, but many honorees remain unforgettable: Gandhi, Khomeini, Kennedy, Elizabeth II, the Apollo 8 astronauts Anders, Borman and Lovell. Each has left an indelible mark on the world.TIME's choices for Person of the Year are often controversial. Editors are asked to choose the person or thing that had the greatest impact on the news, for good or ill — guidelines that leave them no choice but to select a newsworthy, not necessarily praiseworthy, cover subject. Controversial choices have included Adolf Hitler (1938), Joseph Stalin (1939, 1942), and Ayatullah Khomeini (1979).TIME's choices for Person of the Year are often politicians and statesmen. Eleven American presidents, from FDR to George W. Bush, have graced the Person of the Year cover, many of them more than once. As commander in chief of one of the world's greatest nations, it's hard not to be a newsmaker.ContentThis dataset includes a record for every Time Magazine cover which has honored an individual or group as "Men of the Year", "Women of the Year", "Person of the Year" or "Persons of the Year".AcknowledgementsThe data was scraped from Time Magazine's website.